英語(yǔ)閱讀考研2

Passage1

In1939twobrothers,MacandDickMcDonald,startedadrive-inrestaurantin

SanBernadino,California.Theycarefullychoseabusycornerfortheirlocation.

Theyhadruntheirownbusinessesforyears,firstatheater,thenabarbecue（烤

肉）restaurant,andthenanotherdrive-in.Butintheirnewoperation,theyoffered

anew,shortenedmenu:Frenchfries,hamburgers,andsodas.Tothissmallselection

theyaddedonenewconcept:quickservice,nowaitersorwaitresses,andnotips.

Theirhamburgerssoldforfifteencents.Cheesewasanotherfourcents.Their

Frenchfriesandhamburgershadaremarkableuniformity,forthebrothershad

developedastrictroutineforthepreparationoftheirfood,andtheyinsistedon

theircooks，stickingtotheirroutine.Theirnewdrive-inbecameincrediblypopular,

particularlyforlunch.Peopledroveupbythehundredsduringthebusynoontime.

Theself-servicerestaurantwassopopularthatthebrothershadallowedtencopies

oftheirrestauranttobeopened.Theywerecontentwiththismodestsuccessuntil

theymetRayKroc.

KrocwasasalesmanwhomettheMcDonaldbrothersin1954,whenhewasselling

milkshake-mixingmachines.Hequicklysawtheuniqueappealofthebrothers，

fast-foodrestaurantsandboughttherighttofranchise（特許經(jīng)營(yíng)）othercopiesof

theirrestaurants.Theagreementstruckincludedtherighttoduplicatethemenu.

Theequipment,eventheirredandwhitebuildingswiththegoldenarches（拱門）.

TodayMcDonald'sisreallyahouseholdname.Itsnamesforitssandwicheshave

cometomeanhamburgerinthedecadessincethedayRayKrocwatchedpeoplerush

uptoorderfifteen-centhamburgers.In1976,McDonald,shadover$1billionin

totalsales.Itsfirsttwenty-twoyearsisoneofthemostincrediblesuccessstories

inmodernAmericanbusinesshistory.

1.Thispassagemainlytalksabout

A）thedevelopmentoffastfoodservices

B）howMcDonald'sbecameabillion-dollarbusiness

C）thebusinesscareersofMacandDickMcDonald

D）RayKroc'sbusinesstalent

2.MacandDickmanagedallofthefollowingbusinessesexcept.

A)adrive-in

B)acinema

C)atheater

D)abarbecuerestaurant

3.Wemayinferfromthispassagethat.

A)MacandDickMcDonaldneverbecamewealthyfortheysoldtheirideatoKroc

B)ThelocationtheMcDonaldschosewastheonlysourceofthegreatpopularity

oftheirdrive-in

C)Fortyyearsagotherewerenumerousfast-foodrestaurants

D)RayKrocwasagoodbusinessman

4.Thepassagesuggeststhat.

A)creativityisanimportantelementofbusinesssuccess

B)RayKrocwastheclosepartneroftheMcDonaldbrothers

C)MacandDickMcDonaldbecamebrokenaftertheysoldtheirideastoRayKroc

D)Californiaisthebestplacetogointobusiness

5.Asusedinthesecondsentenceofthethirdparagraph,theworduniquemeans.

A)special

B)financial

C)attractive

D)peculiar

Passage2

You'rebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let'sassumeyou

onceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.

Isn'tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvard

degree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?

Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomove

aheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamous

schools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesof

beinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsatmost

well-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutoneper

week.

Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms,then.Ifitturnsoutthat

anapplicantslying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeague

schoolcallsthemimpostors(騙子)；anotherreferstothemasspecialcases.Onewell-knownWest

Coastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saysthattheseclaimsaremadebyno

suchpeople.

Toavoidoutright(彳切底的)lies,somejob-seekersclaimthattheyattendedorwereassociated

withacollegeoruniversity.Aftercarefullychecking,apersonnelofficermaydiscoverthat

attendingmeansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethatbeingassociatedwithacollege

meansthatthejob-seekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthat

keepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthe

century-that'swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.

Ifyoudon'twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthatwillsellyoua

phony(假的)diploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willput

yournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnon-existentcolleges.Thepricebeginsataround

twentydollarsforadiplomafromSmootStateUniversity.Thepricesincreaserapidlyforadegree

fromtheUniversityofPurdue.AsthereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaproperly

calledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.

6.Themainideaofthispassageisthat.

A)employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnow

B)lyingaboutcollegedegreeshasbecomeawidespreadproblem

C)collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasily

D)employersarenolongerinterestedincollegedegrees

7.Accordingtothepassage,specialcasesrefertocaseswhere.

A)studentsattendaschoolonlypart-time

B)studentsneverattendedaschooltheylistedontheirapplication

C)studentspurchasefalsedegreesfromcommercialfilms

D)studentsattendedafamousschool

8.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

A)performanceisabetterjudgeofabilitythatacollegedegree

B)experienceisthebestteacher

C)pastworkhistoriesinfluencepersonnelofficersmorethandegreesdo

D)adegreefromafamousschoolenablesanapplicanttogainadvantageover

othersinjobpetition

9.Thispassageimpliesthat?

A)buyingafalsedegreeisnotmoral

B)personnelofficersonlyconsiderapplicantsfromfamousschools

C)mostpeoplelieonapplicationsbecausetheyweredismissedfromschool

D)societyshouldbegreatlyresponsibleforlyingonapplications

10.Asusedinthefirstlineofthesecondparagraph,theworduttermeans.

A)address

B)thorough

C)ultimate

D)decisive

Passage3

EveryonehasheardoftheSanAndreasfault(斷層),whichconstantlythreatens

CaliforniaandtheWestCoastwithearthquakes.Buthowmanypeopleknowaboutthe

equallyseriousNewMadridfaultinMissouri?

BetweenDecemberof1811andFebruaryof1812,threemajorearthquakesoccurred,

allcenteredaroundthetownofNewMadrid,Missouri,ontheMississippiRiver.

Propertydamagewassevere.Buildingsintheareawerealmostdestroyed.Whole

forestsfellatonce,andhugecracksopenedintheground,allowingsmellofsulfur

(硫磺)tofilterupward.

TheMississippiRiveritselfcompletelychangedcharacter,developingsudden

rapidsandwhirlpools.Severaltimesitchangeditscourse,andonce,accordingto

someobservers,itactuallyappearedtorunbackwards.Eewpeoplewerekilledinthe

NewMaridearthquakes,probablysimplybecausefewpeoplelivedintheareain1811;

buttheseverityoftheearthquakesareshownbythefactthattheshockwavesrang

bellsinchurchtowersinCharleston,SouthCarolina,onthecoast.Buildingsshook

inNewYorkCity,andclockswerstoppedinWashington,D.C.Scientistsnowknow

thatAmerica'stwomajorfaultsareessentiallydifferent.TheSanAndreasisa

horizontalboundarybetweentwomajorlandmassesthatareslowlymovinginopposite

directions.Californiaearthquakesresultwhenthemovementofthesetwomasses

suddenlylurches(傾斜)forward.

TheNewMadridfault,ontheotherhand,isaverticalfault;atsomepoints,

possiblyhundredsofmillionsofyearsago,rockwaspusheduptowardthesurface,

probablybyvolcanoesunderthesurface.Suddenly,thevolcanoescooledandtherock

collapsed,leavinghugecracks.Evennow,therockcontinuestosettledownwards,

andsuddensinkingmotionstrigger(觸發(fā))earthquakesintheregion.Thefault

itself,alargecrackinthislayerofrock,withdozensofothercracksthatsplit

offfromit,extendsfromnortheastArkansasthroughMissouriandintosouthern

Illinois.

ScientistswhohavestudiedtheNewMadridfaultsaytherehavebeennumerous

smallerquakesintheareasince1811;thesesmallerquakesindicatethatlarger

onesareprobablycoming,butthescientistssayhavenomethodofpredictingwhen

alargeearthquakewilloccur.

11.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A)theNewMadridfaultinMissouri

B)theSanAndreasandtheNewMadridfaults

C)thecausesoffaults

D)currentscientificknowledgeaboutfaults

12.TheNewMadridfaultis.

A)ahorizontalfault

B)averticalfault

C)amoreseriousfaultthantheSanAndreasfault

D)responsibleforformingtheMississippiRiver

13.Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat.

A)itisprobablyasdangeroustoliveinMissouriasinCalifornia

B)theNewMadridfaultwilleventuallydevelopamountainrangeinMissouri

C)Californiawillbecomeanislandinfuture

D)AbigearthquakewilloccurtoCaliforniasoon

14.Thispassageimpliesthat.

A)horizontalfaultsaremoredangerousthanverticalfaults.

B)Verticalfaultsaremoredangerousthanhorizontalfaults

C)Earthquakesoccuronlyaroundfaultareas

D)Californiawillbreakintopiecesbyaneventualearthquake

15.Asusedinthefirstsentenceofthefourthparagraph,thewordessentially

means.

A)greatly

C)basically

B)extremely

D)necessarily

Passage4

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansof

passing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailway

wouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthem

foresawthatthemorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhois

oneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfind

medicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthat

tunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth:theywouldproducecolds,catan-hs(粘膜炎)

andconsumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefire,wouldhaveabadeffect

onthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjuryto

delicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduce

apoplexy(中風(fēng)).Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequally

suddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroup

wasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthat

thespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,tranquilizethe

nerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetositfor

fourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreintheway

ofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonly

narrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingalall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejust

opentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthefewmodeexceptspeed.Inthe

matterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;theydid,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadto

standalltheway,whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic(滑稽的)press.Thiskindofthing:A

manwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonandBirminghamRailway.

Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarnages.

Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofind

thehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiar

propertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemashorizontal

shower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

16.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat.

A)aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether

B)peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C)alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D)Railwayleadstheworldtopeace

17.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshould

includeallthefollowingexcept.

A)therailwayenablespeopletravelfast

B)therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C)therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D)therailwayleadstheworldtowaraswell.

18.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretrue

but.

A)tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth

B)thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople，snerves

C)therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople,slungs

D)tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthem

todie

19.Wemaysafelyconcludethat

A)theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B)theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C）theauthorspeakshighlyoftheraiIway

D）theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers

20.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?

A）Practical

B）Satirical

C）Humorous

D）Exaggerated

Passage5

In1960-1961,Chad（乍得）harvested9800tonsofcottonseedforthefirsttimeinits

history,andputouttheflagalittletoosoon.Theeffortsoftheauthoritiestogetthepeasantsback

towork,astheyhadslackedoff（松懈）agreatdealthepreviousyearduringindependence

celebrations,largelycontributedtoit.Also,rainswerewellspaced,andcontinuedthroughthe

wholemonthofOctober.Ifthe1961-1962totalisbacktotheregionof45000tons,itismostly

becauseeffortsslackenedagainandsowingwasstartedtoolate.

TheaveragedateofsowingisaboutJuly1st.Ifthisdateissimplymovedupfifteenor

twentydays,30000to60000tonsofcottonaregained,dependingontheyear.Thepeasantin

Chadsowshismillet（小米）first,anditishardtocriticizethisinstinctiveprioritygiventohis

dailybread.Anessentialreasonforhislatenesswithsowingcottonisthatatthetimewhenhe

shouldleavetopreparethefieldshehasjustbarelysoldthecottonofthepreviousseason.The

workrequiredtosow,ingreatheat,ispsychologicallyfarmoredifficultifone*spocketsarefullof

money.Thedateofcottonsalesshouldthereforebemovedforwardasmuchaspossible,and

purchasesofequipmentanddraughtanimalsencouraged.

Peasantsshouldalsobeencouragedtosavemoney,tohelpthemthroughthedifficultperiod

betweenharvests.Ifnecessarytheyshouldbeforcedtodoso,byhavingthepaymentsforcotton

giventothemininstallments（分期付款）.Thelastpaymentwouldbemadeafterproofthatthe

peasanthasplantedbeforethedeadline,thedatebeingadvancedtotheendofJune.Thosewho

havedonesowouldreceiveextramoneywhereasthelastplanterswouldnotreceivetheirlast

paymentuntillater.

Onlythefirststepsarehard,becauseonceworkhasstartedthepeasantscontinuewillingly

ontheirway.Educationalcampaignsamongthepeasantswillplayanessentialroleinthisbasic

advance,earlysowing,onwhichalltheothersdepend.Itisnotamatterofcontrollingthepeasants.

Eachpeasantwillremainmasterofhisfields.Onecould,however,suggesttheneedforthetime

beingofkindbutfirmrule,which,aslongasitcannotberealizedbythepeople,shouldatleastbe

forthepeople.

21.In1960-1961,Chadhadagoodharvestofcottonbecause.

A)thegovernmentgreatlyencouragedpeasants

B)rainsfavoredthegrowthofcotton

C)Chadgainedindependenceinthepreviousyear

D)BothA)andB)

22.Welearnfromthepassagethatthedateofsowingcottonisusually.

A)onJune15th

B)onJuly15th

C)onJuly1st

D)onJuly20th

23.Asusedinthethirdsentenceofthesecondparagraph,dailybreadrefers

to.

A)breakfast

B)breadandbutter

C)rice

D)millet

24.Inordertohelpthemthroughthedifficulttimebetweenharveststhe

peasantshaveto.

A)sellcottoninadvance

B)beencouragedtosavemoney

C)sowcottonintime

D)plantmilletfirst

25.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A)Educationalcampaignsareveryimportanttoearlysowing.

B)Ofalltheadvancesthatthewriterhopesfor,earlysowingisthemost

important.

C)Peasantsshouldremainthemastersoftheirfields.

D)Governmentmightaswellmakegoodandfirmruleforpeasants.

Passage6

Wecanmakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareaboutmoney.Butmost

mistakesareaboutpeople.DidJerryreallycarewhenIbrokeupwithHelen?When

Igotthatgreatjob,didJimreallyfeelgoodaboutit,asafriend?Ordidheenvy

myluck?AndPaul-whydidn，tpickupthathewasfriendlyjustbecauseIhadacar?

Whenwelookback,doubtslikethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,

it'stoolate.

Whydowegowrongaboutourfriends-orourenemies?Sometimeswhatpeoplesay

hidestheirrealmeaning.Andifwedon，treallylistenwemissthefeelingbehind

thewords.Supposesomeonetellsyou,You'realuckydog.That'sbeingfriendly.

Butluckydog?There，sabitofenvyinthosewords.Maybehedoesn'tseeithimself.

Butbringinginthedogbitputsyoudownalittle.Whathemaybesayingisthat

thedoesn'tthinkyoudeserveyourluck.

Justthinkofallthethingsyouhavetobethankfulforisanothernoisethat

saysonethingandmeansanother.Itcouldmeanthatthespeakeristryingtoget

youtoseeyourproblemaspartofyourlifeasawhole.Butishe?Wrappedupin

thisphraseisthethoughtthatyourproblemisn，timportant.It'stellingyouto

thinkofallthestarvingpeopleintheworldwhenyouhaven，tgotadateforSaturday

night.

Howcanyoutelltherealmeaningbehindsomeone，swords?Onewayistotake

agoodlookatthepersontalking.Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?Doeswhathe

saysagreewiththetoneofvoice?Hisposture(姿態(tài))?Thelookinhiseyes?Stop

andthink.Theminuteyouspendthinkingabouttherealmeaningofwhatpeopleto

youmaysaveanothermistake.

26.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A)howtointerpretwhatpeoplesay

B)whattodowhenyoulistentootherstalking

C)howtoavoidmistakeswhenyoucommunicatewithpeople

D)Whywegowrongwithpeoplesometimes

27.Accordingtotheauthor,thereasonwhywegowrongaboutourfriendsis

that.

A)Wefailtolistencarefullywhentheytalk

B)Peopletendtobeannoyedwhenwecheckwhattheysay

C)Peopleusuallystateonethingbutmeansanother

D)Wetendtodoubtwhatourfriendssay

28.InthesentenceMaybehedoesn，tseeithimself,inthesecondparagraph,

thepronounitrefersto.

A)beingfriendly

C)luckydog

B)abitofenvy

D)yourluck

29.Whenwelistentoapersontalking,themostimportantthingforustodo

is.

A)noticethewaythepersonistalking

B)takeagoodlookatthepersontalking

C)mindhistone,hispostureandthelookinhiseyes

D)examinetherealmeaningofwhathesaysbasedonhismanner,histoneand

hisposture

30.Theauthormostprobablyisa.

A)teacher

C)philosopher

B)psychologist

D)doctor

Passage7

Amoment'sdrillingbythedentistmaymakeusnervousandupset.Manyofus

cannotstandpain.Toavoidthepainofadrillingthatmaylastperhapsaminute

ortwo,wedemandtheneedle-ashotofnovocaine(奴佛卡因)-thatdeadensthenerves

aroundthetooth.

Nowit,struethatthehumanbodyhasdevelopeditsmillionsofnervestobe

highlyawareofwhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsideofit.Thishelpsusadjust

totheworld.Withoutournerves-andourbrain,whichisabundleofnerves-we

wouldn'tknowwhat'shappening.Butwepayforoursensitivity.Wecanfeelpain

whentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.Thehistoryoftorture

isbasedonthehumanbodybeingopentopain.

Butthereisawaytohandlepain.LookattheIndianfakir(行僧)whositson

abedofnails.Fakirscanputaneedlerightthroughanarm,andfeelnopain.This

abilitythatsomehumanshavedevelopedtohandlepainshouldgiveusideasabout

howthemindcandealwithpain.

Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.Ifthedentist

says,Thiswillhurtalittle,ithelpsustoacceptthepain.Bystayingrelaxed,

andbytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation(感覺(jué)),wecanhandlethepain

withoutfallingapart.Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,itis

stillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.

31.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A)howtosufferpain

B)howtoavoidpain

C)howtohandlepain

D)howtostoppain

32.ThesentenceButwepayforoursensitivity,inthesecondparagraphimplies

that.

A)weshouldpayadebtforourfeeling

B)wehavetobehurtwhenwefeelsomething

C)ourpainisworthfeeling

D)whenwefeelpain,wearesufferingit

33.WhentheauthormentionstheIndianfakir,hesuggeststhat.

A)Indiansarenotatallafraidofpain

B)peoplemaybesenselessofpain

C)somepeopleareabletohandlepain

D)fakirshavemagictoputneedlesrightthroughtheirarms

34.themostimportantthingtohandlepainis.

A)howwelookatpain

B)tofeelpainasmuchaspossible

C)toshowaninterestinpain

D)toacceptthepainreluctantly

35.Theauthor*sattitudetowardspainis.

A)pessimistic

B)optimistic

C)radical(極端的)

D)practical

Passage8

Thirty-twopeoplewatchedkittyGenovesebeingkilledrightbeneaththeirwindows.Shewas

theirneighbor.Yetnoneofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.Wasthisingunman

cruelty?Wasitlackoffeelingaboutone'sfellowman?

Notso,sayscientistsJohnBarleyandBibFatane.Thesemenwentbeyondtheheadlinesto

probethereasonswhypeopledidn'tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwosteps

beforehecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatisanemergency.

Supposeyouseeamiddle-agedmanfalltotheside-walk.Ishehavingaheartattack?Ishein

acoma(昏迷)fromdiabetes(糖尿病)?Orisheabouttosleepoffadmnk?

Isthesmokecomingintotheroomfromaleakintheairconditioning?Isitsteampipes?Oris

itreallysmokefromafire?It'snotalwayseasytotellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.

Second,andmoreimportant,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonally

responsible.Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,orthepersonwon'tgetthehelpheneeds.

Theresearchersfoundthatalotdependsonhowmanypeoplearearound.Theyhadcollege

studentsintobetested.Somecamealone.Somecamewithoneortwoothers.Andsomecamein

largegroups.Thereceptioniststartedthemoffonthetests.Thenshewentintothenextroom.A

curtaindividedthetestingroomandtheroomintowhichshewent.Soonthestudentshearda

scream,thenoiseoffilecabinetsfallingandacryforhelp.Allofthishadbeenpre-recordedona

tape-recorder.

Eightoutoftenofthestudentstakingthetestaloneactedtohelp.Ofthestudentsinpairs,

onlytwooutoftenhelped.Ofthestudentsingroups,nonehelped.

Inotherwords,inagroup,Americansoftenfailtoact.Theyfeelthatotherswillact.They,

themselves,needn't.Theydonotfeelanydirectresponsibility.

Arepeoplebotheredbysituationswherepeopleareintrouble?Yes.Scientistsfoundthatthe

peoplewereemotional,theysweated,theyhadtremblinghands.Theyfelttheotherperson's

trouble.Buttheydidnotact.Theywereinagroup.Theiractionswereshapedbytheactionsof

thosetheywerewith.

36.Thepurposeofthispassageis.

A)toexplainwhypeoplefailtoactinemergencies

B)toexplainwhenpeoplewilactinemergencies

C)toexplainwhatpeoplewilldoinemergencies

D)toexplainhowpeoplefeelinemergencies

37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A)Whenapersontriestohelpothers,hemustbeclearthatthereisareal

emergency.

B)Whenapersontriestohelpothers,heshouldknowwhetherheyareworth

hishelp.

C)Apersonmusttakethefullresponsibilityfo