高考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件閱讀理解解題技法示范一

多媒體語篇精讀課——閱讀理解解題技法示范（1）閱讀理解解題技法示范（一）人物傳記類高考典題[1]ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.[2]Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley'swifetriedtostrikeMumbet'ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued(起訴)forherfreedom.[3]WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.[4]Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendants(后裔).Oneofhergreat-grandchildrenwasW．E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.[5]Mumbet'stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”（建議用時：8分鐘）題目試做51．WhatdoweknowaboutMumbetaccordingtoParagraph1?

A．Shewasbornaslave.B．Shewasaslaveholder.C．Shehadafamoussister.D．Shewasbornintoarichfamily.52．WhydidMumbetrunawayfromtheAshleys?A．Shefoundanemployer.B．Shewantedtobealawyer.C．Shewashitandgotangry.D．Shehadtotakecareofhersister.53．WhatdidMumbetlearnfromdiscussionsaboutthenewconstitution?A．Sheshouldalwaysobeyherowners'orders.B．Sheshouldbeasfreeandequalaswhites.C．Howtobeagoodservant.D．Howtoapplyforajob.54．WhatdidMumbetdoafterthetrial?A．Shechosetoworkforalawyer.B．ShefoundedtheNAACP.C．ShecontinuedtoservetheAshleys. D．Shewenttolivewithhergrandchildren.55．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Astoryofafamouswriterandspokesperson.B．Thefriendshipbetweenalawyerandaslave.C．ThelifeofabraveAfricanAmericanwoman.D．Atrialthatshockedthewholeworld.解題示范一、文章這樣讀讀文章作標(biāo)記11．時間和概念名詞用表示2．態(tài)度詞和語氣詞用表示3．極端詞和程度詞用表示4．邏輯詞和關(guān)系詞用表示[1]ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.[2]Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley'swifetriedtostrikeMumbet'ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued(起訴)forherfreedom.[3]WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.[4]Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendants(后裔).Oneofhergreat-grandchildrenwasW．E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.[5]Mumbet'stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”破解生僻詞匯2①slaveholdern．奴隸主破解方法構(gòu)詞法slave(奴隸)＋holder(持有人)slaveholder奴隸主②cemeteryn．墓地破解方法通過解釋根據(jù)句中tombstone“墓碑”和whereshewasburied“她埋葬的地方”可知cemetery意為“墓地”。破解長難句3Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.條件狀語從句Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.賓語從句Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.主句譯文：如果憲法上說所有人都是自由、平等的，那么她認(rèn)為這一規(guī)定也應(yīng)該適用于她。理清文章脈絡(luò)4本文是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹了生來就是奴隸的Mumbet(ElizabethFreeman)為獲得自由而進(jìn)行的不懈斗爭，最后她獲得了自由。[1]ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Attheageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.ElizabethFreeman(Mumbet)幼時的苦難經(jīng)歷。[2]Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley'swifetriedtostrikeMumbet'ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued(起訴)forherfreedom.Mumbet是如何為離開奴隸主Ashley，為爭取自由而做努力的。[3]WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.Mumbet經(jīng)過努力，在憲法的幫助下獲得了自由。[4]Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendants(后裔).Oneofhergreat-grandchildrenwasW．E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.Mumbet獲得自由后的事情。[5]Mumbet'stombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”Mumbet的墓志銘上人們對她的評價。二、題目這樣做51．根據(jù)第一段，關(guān)于Mumbet我們知道什么？(1)通過題干和選項確定題目類型，定位信息源①題型判定：②信息定位：由題干中的“Paragraph1”可定位信息源為文章的推理判斷題第一段第一句選項譯文文中表述比對結(jié)果A她天生就是奴隸。B她是奴隸主。C她有一個出名的妹妹。D她生于富裕人家。1742年Mumbet生于一個父母都是奴隸的家庭。合理推斷(正確選項)第一段第二句，JohnAshley是奴隸主。張冠李戴第一段最后一句，是Mumbet而不是妹妹出名了。張冠李戴第一段第二句，Mumbet是一個富有奴隸主的奴隸。曲解文意(2)將選項與原文信息比對，確定答案52．為什么Mumbet從Ashley家逃走了？(1)通過題干和選項確定題目類型，定位信息源①題型判定：②信息定位：由題干中的“runawayfrom”可定位信息源為文章的細(xì)節(jié)理解題第二段第二、三、四句選項譯文文中表述比對結(jié)果A她找到一位雇主。B她想成為一名律師。C她被打了，很生氣。D她不得不照顧妹妹。文中無此表述。無中生有第二段第五句，Mumbet咨詢了一位律師。曲解文意Mumbet為保護(hù)妹妹被Ashley的妻子打了之后，她就生氣離開了Ashley的家。簡化總結(jié)(正確選項)文中無此表述。無中生有(2)將選項與原文信息比對，確定答案53．Mumbet從新憲法的討論中知道了什么？(1)通過題干和選項確定題目類型，定位信息源①題型判定：②信息定位：由題干中的“newconstitution”可定位信息源為文章的推理判斷題第三段第一、二句選項譯文文中表述比對結(jié)果A她應(yīng)該總是聽她主人的命