2019-2020年中考英語首字母押題-含答案

身14南京外國語學(xué)校中老英語首字母押題Sleepisnotthesameeverynight.Weexperiencesomedeepsleepandsomeactivesleep（積極睡眠），whichiswhendreamshappen.Youmightthinksleepwalking（夢(mèng)游）wouldhappeninactivesleep,butapersonisn'tphysicallyactived86activesleep.Sleepwalkingusuallyhappensinthefirstfewhoursofsleepinthestagecalledslow-wave（慢波）ordeepsleep.Notallsleepwalkersa87walk.Somesimplysituporstandinbedoractlikethey'reawakewhen,infact,they'reasleep!Most,however,dogetupandmovearoundforafewsecondsorforaslongashalfanhour.Sleepwalkers'e88areopen,buttheydon'tseethesamewaytheydowhenthey'reawakeandoftenthinkthey'reindifferentroomsofthehouseordifferentplacesaltogether.Sleepwalkerstend（往往會(huì)）togobacktobedontheirownandtheywon'tr89itinthemorning.Doctorssaysleepwalkingsometimesoccurswhenapersonissick,hasafever,isnotgettinge90sleep,orisstressed.Ifsleepwalkingoccursfrequently,everynightorso,it'sagoodideaforyourmomordadtotakeyoutoseeyourdoctor.Butoccasional（偶然的）sleepwalkinggenerallyisn'tsomethingtoworryabout,a91"itmaylookfunnyorevenscary（驚恐的）forthepeoplewhoseeasleepwalkerinaction.It'simportant,ofcourse,thatthepersoniskeptsafe.Precautions（預(yù)防措施）shouldbet92sothepersonislesslikelytofalldown,runintosomething,orwalkoutthefrontdoorwhilesleepwalking.（二）Everyoneneedssleep.Infact,alllivingthingsneedsleep.Havingasoundandgoodrestm86ushealthy.Itisbelievedthatourbraindevelopsbestduringsleep.Ithelpsalloursystemsworkwellw87weareawake.Sleepallowsourbraintoreorganizealleventsduringthedayandwillimproveourmemorydevelopment.Forastudent,eighttotenhoursofsleepisrequiredtogivehimorhere88forthefollowingday.Agoodsleepallowsthemtogrowphysicallyandmentally（心理上）.Withe89sleepatnight,studentswouldbeabletowakeupearlyandbereadyforschoolactivities.Theywillbeabletolistencarefullyinclassandwouldhavetheabilitytomemorizethethingsthattheylearnandr90theminthefuture.Eighthoursofsleepmakesstudentsactivet91thewholedayatschool.Theywouldbeabletoperformwellinclass,takedownnotesandfinishtheirhomework.Whentheyhavesleptwell,theycane92understandtheirlessons.Goodsleeppreparesthemwellforthechallenges（挑戰(zhàn)）atschool,frompaperworktosports.Theywillbereadytosolvedifficulttasksthatrequirementalabilityandskills.（三）Anger（生氣）isakindoffeeling.Manythingscanmakeyouangry.Whenyourteachergivesyoutoomuchhomework,whenyourteamlosesanimportantgame,whenyourfriendb_86—yourfavouritethingandthenbreaksit,youmaygetreallyangry.Usually,yourbodywilltellyouwhenyouareangry.Forexample,youbreathemuchf__87—,yourfaceturnsredandyoumaywanttobreaksomethingorhitsomeone,butsometimes,youhideyouranger.Forexample,youmayhideitinyourh_88.Theproblemisthatifyoudothis,youmaygetaheadacheoryourstomachmayhurt.Infact,it'snotgoodtohideyouranger,andit'snormalforyoutogetangrysometimes.Butangermustbeletoutintherightway,withouthurtingo_89oryourself.Letmegiveyousomeadvice.Whenyougetangry,youcantalkaboutitwithotherpeople.It'shelpfultotalkaboutyourangerwithotherpeople,suchasp___90 ,teachers,goodfriendsetc.Whenyoutalkaboutanger,thoseb91feelingscanstarttogoaway.Ontheotherhand,whenyoustarttofeelangry,youcandosomeotherthings:countfrom1to100;goforabikeride;thinkaboutgoodthings,etc.Don'tletyourangerc92you.Rememberthathowyouactwhenyouareangercanmakeeverythingbetterorworse.Inthemiddleofthe1800s,Francewasconsideredthemostimportantplaceintheworldforart.OnereasonforthatwastheAcademy,agovernmentorganizationwithsomestrictr_86_.aboutart.Itdecidedwhatcouldandcouldnotbeart.InordertobeacceptedbytheAcademy,anartisthadtobeverytalented.ArtistsalsohadtopaintexactlythewaytheAcademywantedthemto.Abravegroupofpainterschallenged（挑戰(zhàn)）theseideasandchangedartf_87Eachyear,theAcademyhadanexhibitionofthearttheyhaddecidedwasthebest.In1864,agroupofartistsbecamea88becausetheydidn,tgetintotheshow.Theyfeltthattheirpaintingswerenotbad;thepaintingswerejustdifferent.Aftercomplainingtothegovernment,theseartistsweregiventheirownshow.TheAcademythoughtallartshouldlookrealistic（逼真）.Buttheseartistsweremoreinterestedintryingtoshowmovementandthebrightcolorsofdaylight.Intheiropinion,itwasmorerealtoshowthesethanitwastopaintascene（場景）whichwasass_89asaphoto.Itwasalsomoreinterestingtoshowallofthedifferent,colourswhenlighthitsanobjectlikewater.By1874,manydifferentartistswerepaintinginthisnewstyle,includingClaudeMonet.Oneofhispaintingshadthetitle,Impression:sunrise.Acritic（評(píng)論家）卜—90—thesenewartists.HeusedMonet,stitletomakefunofthesepaintersbycallingthem“Impressionists（印象派）”,meaningthattheydidn,tmakerealpaintings.Thecriticswholikedtheseartiststhoughtthewordwasjustright.Theybegantouseithappily.Theythoughtitwasmoreimportanttopainth_91__theysawthingsinsteadofjustwhattheysaw.Otherartistsaroundtheworldfeltthattheycouldhavethisfreedomaswell.Becauseoftheimpressionists,theartw_92wasneverthesame.（五）Oncemymothertoldmeastory.InAfrica,whenanantelope（羚羊）wakesupeverymorning,thefirstthingitthinksaboutis,“Imustbeabletorunfasterthanthefastestlion,orIwillbek.”Atthesametime,alionwakesfromhisdream.Thefirstthingthelionthinksaboutis,“Imustbeabletocatchthesantelope,orIwilldieofhunger.”So,almostatthesametime,theantelopeandtheliongetupandstartrunningtowardtherisingsun.Thisislife:fullofchancesandchallenge（挑戰(zhàn)）.Whetheryouareanantelopeoralion,youmustgoawhenthesunrises.Forstudents,itisjustthesame.Ifwedonotstudyhard,soonerorlater,wewillfallbtheotherstudents.Atfirst,Ididnotknowwhattheword“exam”meant.LaterIknewanexamwasakindofcompetition.Incompetitions,therearealwayswandlosers.AsIgrewup,Igottoknowcompetitionwell.Inone,slife,theremustbecompetitions,sopeoplecanimprove.EachtimeIsawchildrenplayinggamesandheardtheirlaughter,IwishedIwerethatageagain.However,Irememberedmyparents,words:“Youmustworkveryhardinordertohaveagoodf .”SoIpickedupmypenandbegantostudyhardagain.Iwasstillnotsurewhatcompetitionreallymeant.Oneday,IwastakingpartinanEnglish-speakingcompetition.WhenIwenttothestage,Isawotherstudentslookingatmekindly.Isknewwhatcompetitionwas.Itisnotascruelasmyteacherandparentstoldme.Infact,competitionistheopposite:itiskindandnecessary.Ilearnedalotfromrealizingthisfact.NowIunderstandmoreabouttheworld.Competitionisimportantforusall.（六）Irecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientist.Becauseofhisgreatachievement,hewasthoughttobemorecreativethantheaverageperson.Whenhewasaskw86hewasabletodothis,hegavetheanswer.Itallcamefromane87withhismotherwhenhewasabouttwoyearsold."IwastryingtogetabottleofmilkfromthefridgewhenIlostthebottleanditfell,spillingthemilkallovertheflooraseaofmilk!Iwasf88andIdidn'tknowwhattodo!"hesaid.Hismotherheardthenoiseandgotintothekitchen."Iwasc89howtoexplainallthistoyou,mom."hesaid.Insteadofpunishing（懲罰）him,shesaid"Robert,whatagreatmessyouhavemade!Ihaveneverseensuchahugeseaofmilkbefore!Well,sincethemilkhasa90beenspilled,wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkforawhile?Wecanitupafterthat."Indeed,hedidso.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,“Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,finallyyouhavetocleanitup."Heusedasponge（海綿）andtogethertheycleanedupthespilledmilk.Hismotherthensaid,"youknow,wefailedinhowtosuccessfullycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhandsjustnow.Let'sgooutintheyardandfillthebottlewithwatertoseeifyoucanf91anewwaytocarryit."Thenthelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitw92droppingit.Whatawonderfullesson!（七）IntheRenaissancePeriod（文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期）（1500-1650）,peoplebecameinterestedinhighereducation.TheywantedtolearnthealanguagessuchasGreekandLatin-languagesthatwereusedintheoldtimes,andstudymathematics,science,andsoon.Manyuniversitiesweresetupduringthe16thcentury.Universityeducationwasaprivilege（特權(quán)）oftherich.Girlswerenotallowedtoattendandpoorpeoplecouldnotatogo.Amemberofawealthyfamilycouldattenduniversityattheageoften.HemightstudyindifferentuniversitiesandsincetheteachingwasalldinLatin,itdidn,tmatterwhichcountryhestudiedin.ItwasnotunusualforayoungboystudyoneyearinItalyandanotherinFrancewithoutspeakingeitherFrenchorItalian.Itwaspinthe16thcenturytocompleteuniversitywithoutlearninghowtoreadorwrite.Sincebookswerehandwritten,therewasnotenoughtogiveotoeachstudent.Often,onlytheteacherhadabook.Hewouldreadtothestudentswhowouldmemorizewhathesaid.Testswereoral,notwritten,Infact,manystudentsfinishedschoolwithouteverwritingaword.Forthenotsowealthy,grammarschoolswerebuiltintowns.Theylearnedbasicgrammarandmathematics,andtookpartinBiblestudy,Athome,girlslearnedwashing,cooking,dancing,andthebasicsoftakingcareofahousehold.Poorchildrenrattendedschool.TheRenaissancewasatimewhenlearnersdidnotsimplyacceptwhattheywereold.Theydidscientificexperimentsthemselvestosearchforatothemysteries（神秘）ofthespace.CopernicuscalculatedthattheEarthturnedaroundthesunbutwasafraidtopublishhisworksforfearthattheChurchwouldpunish（懲罰）him.Galileolatersupportedthis.Thewatch,thetelescopeandsomeothersweresomeinventionsofthisperiod.（八）Inthemovie2012,thevolcano（火山）inYellowstoneNationalParkerupts（爆發(fā)）,smokefliesthousandsofmetersintotheair,andcar-sizedpiecesofstoneandashflyout.Now,somescientistssay,it'sverypossiblethattheYellowstonevolcanowillsooneruptinr86lifeforthefourthtimeinhistory,afterabout640,000years.AccordingtotheDailyMail,thevolcanointheYellowstoneNationalPark,Wyoming,US,hasbeenrisingatarecordratesince2004.Itsmagma（巖漿）surfacehasgoneu87 3inches（7.6centimeters）peryearoverthelastthreeyearsalone.Thisriseisoneofthemains88thatavolcanoisabouttoerupt.However,scientistsarenotcertainwhentheeruptionwillhappenorwhatitwillcause.Unlikewhathappensinthemovie2012,avolcanoeruptionwouldnotdestroythewholeworld,b89itcouldcausehugedamagetopeoplelivingnearby.Forexample,the2010eruptionoftheIcelandVolcanocausedmorethan800peopleto190theirhomesandmanyairportsinEuropeancountriestoshutdownforafewdays.Therearemorethan1,500activevolcanoesintheworld.Avolcanoisc91activeifithaseruptedatleastonceduringthelast10,000years.Inancienttimes,morethan80percentoftheearth'ssurfacewasvolcanic.Volcaniceruptionsformedtheseafloorandsomemountainsovermanyyears.Gasfromvolcanoesformedtheearth'satmosphere（大氣）.Volcanoescomefromveryhotliquidrock,thatismagma,insidetheearth.Whenmagmacomesupwardandbreaksthroughtheearth'ssurface,itformsvolcanoes.Therisingmagmaheatswater,whichleadstoexplosionsofsteam.Thispushesrocksandashhighintothesky.T92differentthingseruptfromavolcano;hotliquidrock,volcanicashandgases.（九）Accordingtoexperts,thewordHutongoriginatedfromMongolianlanguagemeaning"Well"（井）.Inancienttimes,peopletendedtogatherandlivearoundwells.SotheoriginalmeaningofHutongshouldbe"aplacewherepeoplegatherandlive."ButHutongfirsta86inBeijingduringtheYuanDynasty.Theoldcitywascompletelydestroyedduringthewar.First,theyhadtofindacenter,andthenbuiltar87squarecity.Atthattime,therewasacleardefinitionfor“Avenue,StreetandHutong”.A37-metre-wideroadwascalledanavenue,an18-metre-wideonewascalledastreet,anda9-metre-widelanewascalledaHutong.Mostoftoday'sHutongwereformedduringtheMingandQingDynastiesthatfollowed.Nobodyknowse88_howmanyHutongsthereareinnowadaysBeijing.ButifweconnectedalltheHutongstogether,theirtotall89wouldevenbelongerthanthefamousGreatwall,whichisabout4000miles.Todayyoucanfindv90Hutongswithdifferentshapes,lengthsordirections.Theshortestoneisonly40centimeterswide.AndsomeHutongshavemorethan20turns.Aswewalkt91theHutongs,youmayfindmostofthemlookalmostthesamewithgray-coloredwallsandbricks.Actuallyinsidethosewallsarethecourtyardhouses,wherepeoplelive.InChinesewecallthem"Siheyuan"."Si"literallymeansfour,"he"meanstosurround,and"yuan"referstothecourtyard.Soarectangularwallenclosingfourhouses,onebuiltoneachsidefacingintothecenter,iscalledaSiheyuan.Whentheywerefirstbuilt,usuallyoneSiheyuanwaso92byonlyonefamily,butnowadays,withthegrowthofthepopulation,mostSiheyuansaresharedby4to10families.（十）WendyMartinisanordinaryuniversitystudentwhousedtolovesurfingtheInternetandchatting（聊天）withfriendsonline.Sheoftenspentmuchofherfreetimetalkingwithherfamilyandmakingnewfriendsonline.Thensomethinga86happened.ItcompletelychangedWendy'sfeelingsabouttheInternet.OneofWendy'sfavouritethingstodoonlinewastovisitthechatroomsonmusicwebsites.Everyonetherelovedchattingaboutrecentconcertsandwhatthefamouss87weregoingtodonext.ItwasherethatWendyfirstmetAnne.Thetwowomenlikedeachotherimmediately.Soontheyexchangede-mailaddressesandwerecommunicatingonlineeveryday.Wendye88talkingtohernewfriend.Theybothlikedthesamemusic,thesameclothesandthesamefilms,buttheyalsohadthesameworriesaboutstudyingandthefuture.Annehade-mailedherapictureofherself sheevenlookeds89toWendy.So,whenAnneaskedWendyforheraddressandphonenumber,Wendythoughthernewfriendwasapersonshecouldtrust.ItwasonlywhenWendygotaletterfromthebankthatsherealizedsomethingwaswrong.Annewasnotwhoshesaidshewas.Shewasnotauniversitystudent,shewasnotyoungandshewasnotevenawoman.'Anne'wasreallya45-year-oldmancalledTimHistanon.Hep90tolikethesamethingsasWendy.HehadusedWendy'spersonalinformationtospendallthemoneyinherbankaccount.Thissituationisactuallyquitecommon,andaffects（影響）thousandsofpeopleeveryyear.FortunatelyforWendy,TimHistanonwasfinallycaughtbythepolice,soWendygotmostofhermoneyback.Manypeople,h91 ,havenotbeensolucky.EveryonecanlearnfromthemistakesthatWendymade.N92giveoutpersonalinformationwhilechattingonline,andalwaysmakesureyourusernameisdifferentfromyourrealname.NobodywantstomakethesamemistakeasWendy.(十"一)Indiaisacountryrichincultureandtradition.AndalthoughIndiaischanging,onethingremainsthes(86):thecowissacred(神圣的).Andmenandwomencovertheirheadsandfaceswithcowurine(牛糞)Accordingtotheirtradition,thecowisnotjustafarmanimal.Thesecowsarelikemotherhood,andtheirmilkfeedsthem.Butit'snotthemilkthesemenandwomenarewaitingfor it'stheurine.Asapreciousg(87)fromthecow,theurineisoftenplacedinthehousetoprotecttheirhomeland.Peoplethinktheurinecanbeautifytheirhouseandkeepawayb(88)luck.Menevenputcowurineintotheirhair.Andthisspecialformofworshipping(崇拜)hasbeenaroundforcenturies.Surprisingly,cowurineisevenusedbypeopleasakindofm(89).Localsbelieveitcanmakesickpeoplefeelbetter.Believeit.Somebelieversshowtheirworshippingbymakinganofferingofhair.About12,000headsareshaved(剃頭)everyday.Thatmeansthecityisalwaysf(90)ofhairlessbelievers.Oftenwaitingfor10hoursormore,believersf(91)entertheshavingarea.Onaveragethetemple's1,600barbersshaveover15headsanhour.Thetemplethensellspilesofhairtolocalwigmakers(假發(fā)店).Themoneyisusedtohelpthearea'spoorandmakesurethea(92)hairtempleofIndiakeepsgoing.Believeit.(十二)Haveyouevernoticedanadvertisementwhichsays"Learnaforeignlanguageinsixweeks,oryourmoneyback!Fromthefirstdayyourpronunciationwillbeexcellent.Justsend..."andsoon?Ofcourse,itn86happensquitelikethat.Theonlylanguagethatiseasytolearnisthemothertongue.Andthinkhowmuchpracticethatgets!BeforetheSecondWorldWarpeopleusuallylearnedaforeignlanguageinordertoreadtheliteratureofthecountry.Nowspeakingtheforeignlanguageisw87mostpeoplewant.Everyyearmillionsofpeoplestartlearningone.Howdotheydoit?Somepeopletryathome,withbooksandtapes;someu88radioortelevisionprograms;othersgotoeveningclasses.Iftheyusethelanguageonlytwoorthreetimesaweek,learningitwillt89alongtime,likelanguagelearningatschool.Afewpeopletrytolearnalanguagef90bystudyingforsixormorehoursaday.Itisclearlyeasiertolearnthelanguageinthecountrywhereitiss9l.However,mostpeoplecannotaffordthis,andformanyitisnotnecessary.Theyneedthelanguageinordertodotheirworkb92 .Forexample,scientistsanddoctorsmainlyneedtobeabletoreadbooksandreportsintheforeignlanguage.Whetherthelanguageislearnedquicklyorslowly,itishardwork.Machinesandgoodbookswillhelp,buttheycannotdothestudents'work.(十三)Today,thelargestremainingareaofhutongs(胡同)inBeijingisnorthofForbiddenCity.ThisiswheremanyChineseandforeigntouristscomefora“hutongtour”.Weaskedseveralofthesetouriststotellusabouttheiro86.(VickyWang,HongKong)“It,sreallys87---we’reinthemiddleofoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld,butinthesehutongsitfeelsasifweareinavillageinthecountryside.Therearelotsoftreeseverywhere,andallthebuildingsareonlyoneortwostoreyshigh.Ina88,therearen,tmanycarsinthehutongs,sotheyarequitequiet---verydifferentfromthestreetsinthecentreofHongKong!It,snicetowalkaroundhereandstoporhaveadrinkinoneofthelittlecoffeeshopsorbarsbythelakes.”(Ted,Canada)

“WhenyouvisitthemodernpartofBeijing---withthewideroads,tallbuildingsandcolorfullights---youcani89thatyouarealmostanywhereintheworld.It,stheoldhutongs,templesandpalacesthatarereallyinterestingandbeautiful.It,sas90thatsolittleoftheoldcityhasbeenkept.I,vetakenlotsofphotoswhileI,vebeenhere.ThenexttimeIcomebackhere,Idon,tknowhowmuchof‘oldBeijing,willbeleft.”（Yu,Guangzhou）“Idon'tseewhafssointerestingaboutthesehutongs.Thestreetsaretoonarrow---Icouldh91drivemycardownthem.Andmostofthehousesareoldanddirty.Chinashouldhaveabetterc92citethatwecanallproudof.Let,sgetridofthesehutongsandchangethemintomodernofficesandflats.（十四）TodaysomepeoplecallAmsterdam“TheCityofBicycles”becauseitisacitywhichisflatandconvenientforbicycles.Inthe1960s,agroupofcyclingfanshadanidea.Theybelievedthatitwouldbebetterforeverybodyifonlybicycleswerea86inthecitycenter.Theyhopedthatthiswouldhelptosaveenergy,reducepollutionandprovidefreetrans