高一定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案

#高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)定義及術(shù)語(yǔ)2.比較關(guān)系詞3.區(qū)別幾種句型1.定語(yǔ)從句及相關(guān)概念定語(yǔ)：可由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞等充當(dāng)。如果是一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)句子就是定語(yǔ)從句。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary..概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句，叫定語(yǔ)從句。ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.先行詞關(guān)系詞.先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞。(3).關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞:thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas等關(guān)系副詞:whenwherewhy等.定語(yǔ)從句的分類：限定性定從：與先行詞關(guān)系密切，必不可少,它與先行詞之間無(wú)逗號(hào)。非限定性定從：是先行詞的一個(gè)附加說(shuō)明，去掉也不影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開。Hewasreadingabook,whichwasaboutwar.HissonwhoworksinShanghaihascomeback.Hisson,whoworksinShanghai,hascomeback.().各關(guān)系代詞的使用方法(A)who,whom,that代替先行詞指人的名或代詞，who代人,在從句做主語(yǔ)，也可代替作賓語(yǔ)的whom,前不能有介詞，如有介詞則必用whom(指人結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞+whom)。如:Thegirlwho/thatisdressedinredismysister.做主語(yǔ))Idon'tknowtheman(who/whom/that)youtalkedwith.(做賓,省)Womendrinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthosedon't.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoawinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeenInthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom(B)whose指人或物，只做定語(yǔ).若指物，還可用ofwhich互換。Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.(=her)Pleaseshowmethebagwhosecoverisred.Theboywhosefatherisaworkerstudiesveryhard.Thebookwhosecoverisgreenbelongstome.(=ofwhichthecover=thecoverofwhich)GeorgeOrwell,wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealnameLookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichc.ofwhichD.whatHaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,leadingactorisworld-famous?A.itsB.it'sC.whoseD.whichLastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromeffectsthepeoplearestillSuffering.高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.whatIhavemanyfriends,somearebusinessman.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoD.OfwhomIwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom(C)關(guān)代which,that它們所代替的先行詞指事物的名或代詞.在從句中可做主，賓語(yǔ)等,that還可做表語(yǔ).介詞后不能跟that,而跟which.Hismotherdoesmorningexerciseseveryday,whichisgoodforherhealth.在限定性定從中,which和that都指物時(shí)，可通用。Thisisthehousewhich/thatbelongstome.★Thecityisnolongertheonethatitusedtobe.(表)D.as指人，物.常用固定搭配中，用在thesame...as...,such...as...,as...as...,so...as...做主，賓和表語(yǔ)等,as不可省.“像...一樣的／之類的”TOC\o"1-5"\h\zSuchmenasknowhimpraisehim./=Thosewhoknowhim.()Suchfilmsasyoudescribecan'tbeshownatall.()Iwillbuythesamebikeasyou.()Asisknowntoall,sheisthebeststudentinourclass.()Thisisthesamemuseumthatyouoncevisited.(E).which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定從區(qū)別:.as放在句末，句首和句中都可，而which引導(dǎo)非限定從不能放在句首.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth..as引導(dǎo)非限從具有“正如；正像”的含義，其與主句關(guān)系是一致的，常與see，know，hear,watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等連用表看法，態(tài)度，解釋或評(píng)論.asiswellknownasweallseeasoftenhappensashasbeensaidbeforeDorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.whatTheweatherturnedouttobeverygood,wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itsuch/so.that.和such/so.as.的區(qū)別Thisissuchadifficultquestionnoonecananswerit.Thisissuchadifficultquestionnoonecananswer.A.thatB.asC.whichD.what定語(yǔ)從句和并列句的區(qū)別Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofarecollegestudents.Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothofarecollegestudents.A.whoB.whomC.themD.theyIexplainedonthephone,yourequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.(05Zhejiang)A.WhenB.AfterC.AsD.Sinceisreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(04Beijing)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.Whathasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth.(03Shanghaispring)A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.WhatAsachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool，isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010)AwhichBwhereCwhatD.that高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案F.關(guān)畐I」when,where,why引導(dǎo)定從分別在從句中做時(shí)狀，地狀，原狀.相當(dāng)于“prep+which”結(jié)構(gòu)互換.ThisistheofficeIworked．Idon'tknowthereasonhecamesolate.IrememberthedaysIwaseducatedatthatschool.Wearelivinginanagemanythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whenThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomeIwastakencareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.whereItwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when如何確定關(guān)代還是關(guān)畐我們應(yīng)該如何來(lái)確定定從中的關(guān)代還是關(guān)畐呢？方法很簡(jiǎn)單，那就是運(yùn)用還原法。所謂還原法就是把先行詞代入從句中，看它在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，作主賓表，就用關(guān)代，作狀語(yǔ)就用關(guān)畐。例如：Istillremembertheday'swespenttogether.Istillrememberthedaysweworkedtogether.Idon'tbelievehisreasonhewaslateforschool.Idon'tbelievehisreasonheexplainedjust.★定從中關(guān)代或關(guān)畐的選用取決于先行詞在定從中所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑甀sthismuseumyouvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneIsthisthemuseumtheexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneTheydon'ttellmethecountryyoustudiedlastyear.Theydon'ttellmethecountryyoupaidavisittolastyear.Canyoutellmethetimeathewillcomeback?Doyouknowtheroomthepresidentlivedinwhenhepaidavisitedtoourcountry?Isthisthefactoryyouvisitedlastyear?Isthisfactoryyouvisitedlastyear?Isthisthefactoryyouworkedlastyear?A.theoneB.theonewhereC.whereD./.并非先行詞表時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)都分別用when或where引導(dǎo)定從，若關(guān)系詞在定從中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，需用which或that引導(dǎo)相應(yīng)的定從．Doyoustillrememberthedayswespenttogetherinschool?Doyourememberthefarmwevisitedlastyear？Doyourememberthefarmweworkedlastyear?(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)，theonly，thevery，thelast,thesame修飾時(shí)，用thatThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasTomSawyer.ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.先行詞既指人，又指物，作主或賓語(yǔ)(作賓可省)只能用thatTheytalkedabouttheteachersandthings(that)theyrememberedintheschool.做題技巧?先分析定語(yǔ)從句中缺少什么成分高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheneededtodecidewhattodo.(07Jxi)A.whichB.whereC.thatD.whenWewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,othervisitorsseldomgo.(02Beijing)A.whatB.whichC.whereD.whenIwalkedinourgarden;TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.(05Liaoning)A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that★定從中關(guān)代或關(guān)副的選用取決于先行詞在定從中所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑?)Isthismuseumyouvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2)Isthisthemuseumtheexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneThegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersistershewouldstayforanhour.AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhatThenewlybuiltcafe,thewallsofarepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which考點(diǎn)一、where的用法如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where或inwhich引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。egI'vecometothepointwhereIcan'tstandhimThecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.Wearetryingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whichB.that