Unit+1++Learning+about+language+課件【高效備課精研+知識精講提升】 高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊

LearningAboutLanguage

1.award1.N-COUNT獎；獎品；獎狀A(yù)nawardisaprizeorcertificatethatapersonisgivenfordoingsomethingwell....theBookerprize,Britain'stopawardforfiction...布克獎，英國小說界的最高榮譽2.N-COUNT（賠償金等的）裁定額Inlaw,anawardisasumofmoneythatacourtdecidesshouldbegiventosomeone.3.N-COUNT（作為獎勵的）加薪Apayawardisanincreaseinpayforaparticulargroupofworkers.4.VERB授予;頒發(fā);給（分）Ifsomeoneisawardedsomethingsuchasaprizeoranexaminationmark,itisgiventothem.Shewasawardedtheprizeforbothfilms...她的兩部電影雙雙獲獎。5.VERB給予；判給Toawardsomethingtosomeonemeanstodecidethatitwillbegiventothatperson.WehaveawardedthecontracttoaBritishshipyard...我們將合同給了一家英國造船廠。2.vital

adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機的1.Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatment

formalaria,andisthoughttosave100，000

lives

ayearinAfrica

alone.(教材P)bevitalfor/to對……極為重要Itisvitalto

do

sth.做某事非常重要It

is

vital+that從句……是極重要的①Enoughsleepisvitalforthestudents'

health.充足的睡眠對學(xué)生的健康非常重要。②It’svitaltokeep

a

good

relationshipwithneighbouringcountries.我們保持與鄰邦的友好關(guān)系是十分重要的。[名師提醒]

在It

is

vital

that..句型中，that后的從句要使用虛擬語氣，即謂語用“should+動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。

補全句子:③Understanding

history__________________________________asapeopleandas

a

nation.

作為一個民族和一個國家,了解歷史對于了解我們自身是至關(guān)重要的。Itisvitalthatweshouldunderstandhistoryasapeopleandas

a

nation.

isvitalforustoknowourselves句型：1.Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,

acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.本年度諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎已經(jīng)授予屠呦呦（得主之一），她的研究使青蒿素這種至關(guān)重要的新型抗瘧疾藥物得以發(fā)展。此句的第一個分句為__________,第二個分句為_______引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，用來補充說明屠呦呦的相關(guān)信息。acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria是artemisinin的_____________，用來說明青蒿素的作用。主句whose同位語3.committed

adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的,有擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)腡uYouyou，acommittedandpatientscientist,wasborn

inNingbo,China，on30December1930,and

graduated

from

Peking

University

Medical

School

in

1955.(教材P2)1.Wearecommittedtoimprovingservice.

我們承諾改善服務(wù)。2.Nobodywaspreparedtocommitthemselves.

誰都不愿作出承諾。屠呦呦是一位堅定而有耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日生于中國寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京醫(yī)學(xué)院(今北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)部)。3.committed

adj.盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的(1)be

committed

to

(doing)

sth.對(做)某事很堅定；專心致志于(做)某事(2)commit

suicide=killoneself

自殺commit...to...

把……投入……commitoneselfto(doing)

sth.承諾(做)某事(3)commitment

n.

委托，承認(后可跟to

doing)(4)committed:adj.

盡心盡力的；堅定的；堅信的[名師提醒]其他常用的“獻身于；致力于；專心致志于”的表達bedevotedto(doing)sth·bededicatedto(doing)sth·beabsorbedin(doing)sth.

beburiedin(doing)sth.

beengagedin(doing)sth.applyoneselfto(doing)sth.即學(xué)即練：1.Theboy_______________(commit)tothecareofhisauntyesterday.2.Hehascommittedhimselftothecauseofeducation.3.Hehascommittedhimelf___tosupport___(support)them.4.ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforming(reform)healthcare.5.不管怎樣，她都不想作出承諾。

Shedidn’twanttocommitherselfonewayortheother.6.Also,betotallycommittedtowhatyoudo,asexcellenceisonlypossiblewithcommittment.此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因為只有完全付出才可能達到卓越。wascommitted1.VERB犯(罪);做(壞事)

Ifsomeonecommitsacrimeorasin,theydosomethingillegalorbad.Ihavenevercommittedanycrime...我從來沒犯過罪。2.VERB自殺Ifsomeonecommitssuicide,theydeliberatelykillthemselves.Thereareunconfirmedreportshetriedtocommitsuicide.有未經(jīng)證實的報道說他曾企圖自殺。3

VERB撥出，調(diào)配(資金、資源等)Ifyoucommitmoneyorresourcestosomething,youdecidetousethemforaparticularpurpose.TheycalledonWesternnationstocommitmoremoneytothepoorestnations...他們呼吁西方國家向極端貧困國家投入更多的錢。4.VERB承諾，保證(做);忠于(某人)Ifyoucommityourselftosomething,yousaythatyouwilldefinitelydoit.Ifyoucommityourselftosomeone,youdecidethatyouwanttohavealong-termrelationshipwiththem.IwouldadvisepeopletothinkverycarefullyaboutcommittingthemselvestoworkingSundays...我建議大家慎重考慮一下答應(yīng)周日工作的問題。Hesaidthegovernmentremainedcommittedtopeace.他說政府仍然致力于和平。5.VERB明確表態(tài)Ifyoudonotwanttocommityourselfonsomething,youdonotwanttosaywhatyoureallythinkaboutitorwhatyouaregoingtodo.Itisn'ttheirdiplomaticstyletocommitthemselvesonsuchadelicateissue...對這樣一個微妙的問題明確表態(tài)并非他們的外交風(fēng)格。6.VERB把…正式送進(醫(yī)院、監(jiān)獄等)Ifsomeoneiscommittedtoahospital,prison,orotherinstitution,theyareofficiallysentthereforaperiodoftime.7.VERB(英國)把…提交高等刑事法庭IntheBritishlegalsystem,ifsomeoneiscommittedfortrial,theyaresentbymagistratestostandtrialinacrowncourt.HeisexpectedtobecommittedfortrialatLiverpoolCrownCourt.預(yù)計他會被移交利物浦高等刑事法庭。8.VERB把…寫下來;把…記住Ifyoucommitsomethingtopaperortowriting,yourecorditbywritingitdown.Ifyoucommitsomethingtomemory,youlearnitsothatyouwillrememberit.Shehadnotcommittedanythingtopaperaboutit...關(guān)于這件事她未曾寫下只言片語。4.evaluatevt.評價；評估

Herteamexaminedover2,000

old

medical

texts，and

evaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.(教材P2)她的團隊查閱了兩千多本古老的醫(yī)學(xué)文獻，并對28萬株植物的藥用價值進行了評估。

①In

order

that

you

can

stay

motivated

to

achieve

the

goal,firstlyyouneedtoevaluateyourselfproperly.為了保持動力去實現(xiàn)目標,首先你需要恰當(dāng)?shù)卦u估自己。②Therefore,establishing

anevaluationsystemisnecessaryforourcoursereform.因此，對我們的課程改革來講，建立一個評價體系是很有必要的。evaluationn.評估；評價

makeanevaluation

進行評估self-evaluation自我評價evaluationmethod評價方法

1.Wemustevaluateherabilityon/byherwork.2.Wemustevaluatetheconsequencescuasedbythefire.=Wemustmakeanevaluationoftheconsequencescausedbythefire.3.這項證據(jù)應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細地評審。Theevidenceshouldbecarefullyevaluated.4.Atpresent,thereexistsomeproblemsintheevaluationofteachers.Schoolsshouldperfectthemeansofevaluationandimproveevaluatinglevel.當(dāng)前教師評價中存在著一些弊端，學(xué)校應(yīng)針對存在的問題，完善評價方法，提高評價水平。即學(xué)即練：句型

2.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria.1967年，中國政府成立了一支科學(xué)家團隊，旨在發(fā)現(xiàn)新型抗瘧疾療法。withtheobjectiveof：以......為目標1.objective:n.=goal/aim

這一項目的主要目標，就是要讓人們增進對瘧疾的了解。______________________thisprojectistoimprovepeople'sknowledgeofmalaria.2.objective:adj.客觀的反義詞為subjective:adj.主觀的事關(guān)自己的女朋友，杰克覺得很難保持客觀態(tài)度。Jackfindsitdifficult_______________________wherehisgirlfriendisconcerned.Themainobjectiveoftoremainobjective5.acknowledgevt.承認(屬實、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgeddefeat.(教材P)然而，屠呦呦并沒有認輸。Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat...……是大家公認的acknowledge

sb/sthtobe/as...承認/認為某人/某物是…acknowledgedoingsth/havingdonesth.承認做了某事acknowledgethat...

承認…….acknowledgementn.承認；致謝；答謝①Itisacknowledgedthatequalityandfreedomaretheprinciplesofjustice.平等、自由是大多數(shù)人所公認的正義原則。②Thedirectorofthefactoryhadtoacknowledge______________(release)chemicalwasteintotheriver.廠長不得不承認往河里排放了化學(xué)廢物。補全句子:③He________widely_________________________________________intheworld.普遍認為他是世界最佳球員。4._________________________________

theolivebranchstandsforpeace.眾所周知，橄欖枝代表和平。releasing

isacknowledgedasthebestfootballplayerItiswidelyacknowledgedthat句型3.However,TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.然而，屠呦呦并不認輸。acknowledge:1.vt.承認

近義詞有：admit,recognise或acceptthetruthof...Sandy承認她犯了一個錯誤。Sandy_______________________________________________________.2.vt.為某物表示感謝Wewishtoacknowledgethesupportofthishi-techcompany._____________________________________________________________acknowledgedthatshehadmadeamistake.我們想要感謝這家高科技公司提供支持。6.defeat

n.失敗；挫敗However，TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.(教材P，)然而，屠呦呦并沒有認輸。anarrow/heavydefeat

惜敗/慘敗admitdefeat

認輸suffer

(a)defeat

遭遇失?、貶edeclaredthatweweretodefeatthosewhoattemptedtoteartheworlddownintime.他宣布：我們遲早會打敗那些企圖撕裂世界的人。②Thisiswhymostseniorhighschoolstudentssuffer

defeateveryday.這就是如今大多數(shù)高中生每天遭受失敗的原因。③Thesesetbacksshouldnotbeacknowledged____________________defeat,however.但是，這些挫折不能看作是失敗。④Theparty______________

__________in

thestateelections.該黨在州選舉中遭遇失敗。as/tobesuffer

(a)defeat7.conclusion

n.結(jié)論；推論

Sheconcludedthatboilingthesweetwormwoodapparentlydestroyeditsmedicalproperties.

她的結(jié)論是，煮沸青蒿顯然破壞了它的醫(yī)療特性。(1)

in

conclusion=to

conclude

總之；最后draw/reach/cometo/arriveataconclusion

得出結(jié)論；作出推斷(2)concludev.斷定；推斷出；(使)結(jié)束

conclude

sth.(fromsth)

(從某事)推斷出……

conclude(from

sth.)that...

(從某事)得出結(jié)論/斷定……..

conclude

sth.(withsth/bydoingsth)

(以某事/做某事)結(jié)束某事即學(xué)即練1.Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewedrawafinalconclusion.2.Inconclusion,IwouldliketosaythefilmBorninChinaisworthseeing.3.Shconcludedherperformancewithapoem.4.Whatcanweconcludefromtheconversation?5.你從所有這一切當(dāng)中得出了什么結(jié)論？Whatdoyouconcludefromallthis?8.insist

vi.&vt.堅持；堅決要求；堅持說；固執(zhí)己見TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe，(教材P3，)屠呦呦和她的團隊成員甚至堅持在自己身上測試藥物，以確保其安全性。(1)insiston/upon

(doing)sth

堅持(做)某事(2)insistthat..·堅持說/認為……(從句內(nèi)容表示一個事實，從句謂語按實際需要選擇時態(tài))·強烈要求/堅持……(從句用虛擬語氣，即should十動詞原形，should可以省略)即學(xué)即練：1.Themanagerinsistedontheworkbeingdoneintwohours.2.Heinsistedon/uponwalkingmetothestationtoseemeoff.3.Heinsistedthattheproblem(should)bediscussed

(discuss)atthemeeting.4.她堅持立刻就走。Sheinsistedonleavingatonce.句型4.upon/on

doing“一.........就.…....”,“當(dāng)......時”UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize...當(dāng)聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎時......upondoing=assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句1.Uponseeingher,Ismiledandrantowardher.一看到她，我就笑著向她跑去了。2.OnhisreturnfromJapan,Prof.Liwentdirectlytohislaboratoryandstartedworkingwithhiscollegues.李教授剛一從日本回來就到他的實驗室，開始和他的同事們一道工作起來。引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“一....就·..”的詞匯或結(jié)構(gòu)還有：(l)immediately，directly，instantly(2)theinstant，themoment，theminute，thesecond(3)assoonas.(4)no

sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when..①Immediatelyshe'dgone，Irememberedhername.她剛走開我就想起了她的名字。②Upon(arriving)athome，Alicewasfilledwithjoyatthenews.艾麗斯一回家，聽到這個消息就滿心歡喜。③Uponarrival，Jimmyfoundalonglineofapplicantswaitingtobeinterviewed.吉米一到達就發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)聘者排著長隊在等候④Nosoonerhadhearrivedhomehewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney.he他剛到家，就被要求出另一次差。4.Theh