2021-2022年寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市大學英語6級大學英語六級重點匯總（含答案）

2021-2022年寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市大學英語6級大學英語六級重點匯總（含答案）學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Tosay"Itwouldseemthat"insteadofsaying"Ithinkthat"isacommonwayofusingweaselwordswithusing______.

2.Profiling(犯罪剖繪)

Asthestarsoftrue-crimedocumentaries,TVseriesandHollywoodthrillers,criminalprofilershaveoneofthebest-knownlawenforcementjobsintheworld.Basicprofiling—identifying,theperpetrator(犯罪者)ofacrimebasedonananalysisofcrimeandthewayitwascommitted—isacommoninvestigativetool.Butsomefearthatpolicedepartmentshavetakenprofilingtoofar,harassingorevenarrestingpeoplebecauseofcertaincharacteristicstheymighthaveincommonwithcriminals—orworseyet,becauseoftheirskincolor.Othersarguethatinanageofterrorismandviolentcrime,wecan'taffordnottoexaminepeoplebasedoncrimepatterns,evenifthatmeanssuspicionbasedonrace.

BasicsofProfiling

ThemostbasickindofprofilingisaBeOntheLookout(BOLO)orAll-PointsBulletin(APB).You'reprobablyfamiliarwiththese,althoughyoumightnothavehearditreferredtoasaprofile.

AnAPBisadescriptionofaspecificsuspectaccusedofcommittingaspecificcrimeorcrimes,usuallybasedoneyewitnessaccounts.Forexample,followingabankrobbery,policemightinterviewsuspectsandreviewsurveillancecamerafootagebeforereleasingthefollowingAPB:

SuspectwaslastseeninadarkblueFordpick-uptruck.HewaswearingaredT-shirtandblackjeans.Suspectisdescribedasawhitemale,5-feet10-inchestallandthinwithrecedingblondhair.Hehasatattooofasnakeonhisleftforearm.

Thenextstepinprofilingisthepsychologicalprofile.Investigatorscreatethisprofileintheabsenceofphysicalevidenceoreyewitnessdescriptions,ortosupplementsuchdescriptions.Theytakewhattheyknowaboutanunknownsuspectandhisactionsandtrytogenerateadditionalinformation.Forexample,ifaserialmurdererhasbeenkillingthefemaleemployeesofalawfirm,profilersmightfinditlikelythatthekillerisamaleformeremployeeorclientofthelawfirm.

Otherevidence,suchasnotesleftbythekiller,thelocationofthekilling,orthestateofthecrimescenecanallowprofilerstodevelop"educatedguesses."Theseguessesmightincludethingslikethesuspect'seducationlevel,psychologicaltraumas(創(chuàng)傷)hehassufferedorwherehelives.Theyarenotalways100percentaccurate,andsometimestheycanberathervague.

PredictiveProfiling

Withpredictiveprofiling,criminalprofilinggetsmorecontroversial.Insteadofseekingaparticularsuspectbasedonevidenceataspecificcrime,predictiveprofilingattemptstoguesswhichpeoplearelikelytocommitacrimethathasn'thappenedyet.

Thisisn'tarevolutionaryideabyitself.Policeofficersdon'tjustreacttocrimes:theypatrol,observeandtrytospotsuspiciousbehavior.thatcouldmeanacrimeisgoingtotakeplace.Fewpeoplewouldquestionanofficers'righttoinvestigateasuspicioussituationorquestionasuspiciousperson.Evenwhenpolicedepartmentsusetheircriminalprofilesasajustificationforsearchesandarrestswithoutwarrants,thosepracticeshavebeenupheldbytheSupremeCourt.

Here'sanexample.Statetroopersarepatrollingastretchofhighwayknowntobefrequentedbydrugtraffickers(干非法勾當者).Theofficersknowfrompreviousexperiencethatdrugtraffickersoftenuserentedcars,travelintheveryearlymorning,andputthesparetireinthebackseattoleavemoreroominthetrunkfordrugs.

At4:00a.m.anofficernoticesacarthatfitsthisprofile.Thedriverisnotbreakinganymajortrafficrules,butthetrooperpullsthecaroveranyway,hopingtospotsomeevidencethatcouldleadtoasearchofthecar.Thisisconsideredprofiling.ThepracticeofnotingcriminaltendenciesandcreatingawrittenprofileissometimesattributedtoFloridaHighwayPatrolmanBobVogel,althoughitwasprobablycarriedoutbyother

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

NGVsaren'tasroomyasgasolinecarsbecausetheyhavetogiveupcargoandtrunkspacetoaccommodatethe___________.

4.

AccordingtoBoese,manypeoplebelievedthereportofSwissspaghettiharvestbecausetheBritishdidnotknow______

5.

Thetricktorememberingthevocabularywordsistolinkthemtothenumberkeyimagesin______asceneaspossible.

6.

Theinformationsystemismadeupof______.

7.

Forsomepeople,itmaybebetter______.

8.

Adepressedpersonmightfeelhopeless,helplessandoverwhelmedifheisinclinedto______oflife.

9.

Thesymptomsofheartdisease,inmenorwomen,areoftencausedby______.

10.

Itmaybe______inyourbodythatmakesyourunquicklyafteryouareshockedbyadanger.

11.Cellphone:yournextcomputer

Onehundrednineteenhours,41minutesand16seconds.That'stheamountoftimeAdamRappoport,ahighschoolseniorinPhiladelphia,hasspenttalkingintohissilverVerizonLGphonesincehegotitasagiftlastChristmas.That'snoteventhefullextentofhishabit.Healsospendscountlessadditionalhoursusinghisphone'sInternetconnectiontochecksportsscores,downloadnewring-tonesandsendshortmessagestohisfriends'phones,eveninthemiddleofclass."Iknowthetouch-tonepadonthephonebetterthanIknowakeyboard,"hesays."I'maphoneguy."

InTokyo,halfwayaroundtheworld,SatoshiKoisoalsocloselyeyeshismobilephone.Koiso,acollegejunior,livesintheglobalcapitaloffancynewgadgets—20percentofallphonesinTokyolinktothefastestmobilenetworksintheworld.TokyoitesusetheirphonestowatchTV,readbooksandmagazinesandplaygames.ButKoisoalsodependsonhisphoneforsomethingsimplerandmoreprofound:ananti-smokingmessagethatpopsuponhissmallscreeneachmorningaspartofaprogramtohelpstudentskickcigarettes.

Technologyrevolutionscomeintwoflavors:greatlyfastandimperceptiblyslow.Thefastkind,likethesuddenubiquityofiPodsortheproliferation(增殖)ofmusic-sharingsitesontheNet,seemtoinstantlyreshapetheculturallahdscape.Theslowerupheavals(巨變)grindawayoverthecourseofdecades,subtlytransformingthewayweliveandwork.

Thereare1.5billioncellphonesintheworldtoday,morethanthreetimesthenumberofPCs.Mobilephonesaresointegraltoourlivesthatit'sdifficulttorememberhowthelifeweevergotonwithoutthem.

Canthecellphoneturnintothenextcomputer?

Asourphonesgetsmarter,smallerandfaster,andenableuserstoconnectathighspeedstotheInternet,anobviousquestionarises:isthemobilehandsetturningintothenextcomputer?Inonesense,italreadyhas.Today'smostsophisticatedphoneshavetheprocessingpowerofamid-1990sPCwhileconsuming100timeslesselectricity.Andmoreandmoreoftoday'sphoneshavecomputer-likefeatures,allowingtheirownerstosende-mail,browsetheWebandeventakephotos;84millionphoneswithdigitalcameraswereshippedlastyear.Changeitintoanothersamequestion,though,toasktowhethermobilephoneswillevereclipse,orreplace,thePC,andtheissuesuddenlybecomesControversial.PCproponentssayphonesaretoosmallandconnecttoosluggishlytotheInternettobecomeeffectiveattasksnowperformedontheluxuriouslylargescreensandkeyboardsoftoday'scomputers.Fansofthephonerespond:justwait.Cominginnovationswillsolvethelimitationsofthephone."Oneday,2or3billionpeoplewillhavecellphones,andtheyareallnotgoingtohavePCs,"saysJeffHawkins,inventorofthePalmPilotandthechieftechnologyofficerofPalmOne."Themobilephonewillbecometheirdigitallife."

Smartcellphones

PalmOneisamongthefirmsracingtotrotoutthefull-featuredcomputer-likephonesthattheindustrydubs"smart-phones".Hawkins'newestproduct,thesleek,pocket-sizeTreo600,hasatinykeyboard,abuilt-indigitalcameraandslotsforaddedmemory,etc.Otherdevicemakershaveintroducedtheirownuniqueversionsofthesmart-phone.Nokia'sN-Gage,launchedlastfall,withanewversiontohitstoresthismonth,playsvideogames.Motorola'supcomingMPxhasanifty"dual-hinge"design:thehandsetopensinonedirectionandlookslikearegularphone,butitalsoflipsopenalonganotheraxisandlookslikeane-maildevice,withtheexpandedphonekeypadservingasasmallQWERTYkeyboard.Thereaxealsosmart-phonesonthewaywithvideocameras,GPSantennasandaccesstolocalWi-Fihotspots,thesnperfastwirelessnetworksoftenfoundinoffices,airp

A.YB.NC.NG

12.AccordingtoMr.deWahl,whyisJoostignoringthetwobusinessmodels?

A.AllpeoplearenotfondofsimplywatchingTV.

B.TheyareirrelatedwithpleasuresderivedfromwatchingTV.

C.TheyarethesameasthepracticesthatTVhaslongbeenusing.

D.JoostwantsaninnovativebusinessmodeldifferentfromYouTube.

13.Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1—4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5—10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

GENETICALLYMODIFIEDFOODS

Aregeneticallymodifiedcropsanenvironmentaldreamcome-trueoradisasterinthemaking?Scientistsarelookingforanswers.

Theworldseemsincreasinglydividedintothosewhofavorgeneticallymodified(GM)foodsandthosewhofearthem.Advocatesassertthatgrowinggeneticallyalteredcropscanbekindertotheenvironmentandthateatingfoodsfromthoseplantsisperfectlysafe.And,theysay,geneticengineeringwhichcaninduceplantstogrowinpoorsoilsortoproducemorenutritiousfoodswillsoonbecomeanessentialtoolforhelpingtofeedtheworld'sburgeoningpopulation.SkepticscontendthatGMcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealthriskstootroublingtoacceptplacidly.Takingthatview,manyEuropeancountriesarerestrictingtheplantingandimportationofGMagriculturalproducts.Muchofthedebatehingesonperceptionsofsafety.Butwhatexactlydoesrecentscientificresearchsayaboutthehazards?Theanswers,toooftenlostinreportsonthecontroversy,areservedupinthepagesthatfollow.

TwoyearsagoinEdinburgh,Scotlandeco-vandalsstormedafield,crushingcanolaplants.LastyearinMaine,midnightraidershackeddownmorethan3,000experimentalpoplartrees.AndinSanDiego,protesterssmashedsorghumandsprayedpaintovergreenhousewalls.

Thisfar-flungoutragetookaimatgeneticallymodifiedcrops.Buttheprotestsbackfired:allthedestroyedplantswereconventionallybred.Ineachcase,activistsmistookordinaryplantsforGMvarieties.

It'seasytounderstandwhy.Inaway,GMcrops—nowonsome109millionacresoffarmlandworldwide—areinvisible.Youcan'tsee,tasteortouchageneinsertedintoaplantorsenseitseffectsontheenvironment.Youcan'ttell,justbylooking,whetherpollencontainingaforeigngenecanpoisonbutterfliesorfertilizeplantsmilesaway.Thatinvisibilityispreciselywhatworriespeople.How,exactly,willGMcropsaffecttheenvironment-andwhenwillwenotice?

AdvocatesofGM,ortransgenic,cropssaytheplantswillbenefittheenvironmentbyrequiringfewertoxicpesticidesthanconventionalcrops.Butcriticsfearthepotentialrisksandwonderhowbigthebenefitsreallyare."Wehavesomanyquestionsabouttheseplants,"remarksGuentherStotzky,asoilmicrobiologistatNewYorkUniversity."There'salotwedon'tknowandneedtofindout."

AsGMcropsmultiplyinthelandscape,unprecedentednumbersofresearchershavestartedfanningintothefieldstogetthemissinginformation.Someoftheirrecentfindingsarcreassuring;otherssuggestaneedforvigilance.

FewerPoisonsintheSoil?

EveryyearU.S.growersshowercropswithanestimated971millionpoundsofpesticides,mostlytokillinsects,weedsandfungi.Butpesticideresidueslingeroncropsandthesurroundingsoil,leachingintogroundwater,runningintostreamsandgettinggobbledupbywildlife.Theconstantchemicaltrickleisanoldworryforenvironmentalists.

Inthemid-1990sagribusinessesbeganadvertisingGMseedsthatpromisedtoreduceafarmer'suseoftoxicpesticides.TodaymostGMcrops—main

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Manycitiesoffer______.that.cansaveyoumoneyandensureyoursafety.

15.StudyStyles

Youknowwhetheryou'reamorningpersonoranightowl.Youknowwhetheryou'reapickyeaterofahumangarbagepail.Butdoyouknowifyoulearnbetterbyreadingorbyhearing?Ifyou'vesurvivedschoolsofar,youalreadyhavesomesortofstudyroutineforbetterorworse.Weaskedstudentsalloverthecountryforthelowdownontheirmethodsofoperations,andalsocollectedsomehard-wonadvice.Seeifyoucanrecognizeyourownpersonalstudymethodinthelistbelowandlearnhowtostudyeffectively.

TheDreamer

Youmaysayyou'restudying.Youmayevenlooklikeyou'restudying.Butyourmindisintheclouds.Yourtestperformanceseldomreflectsthoselonghoursyouspentatyourdesk,almoststudying.Kim,fromMontreal,says:"WhenIgettothelibrary,Iendupsittingthereandpeople-watching."Cindy,fromLafayette,Pennsylvania,says:"Personally,ItendtowriteeverythingdownonflashcardssoIcanquizmyselflater.EveryoneelsethinksthatI'llace(成績?yōu)锳)theexam,butsometimesIfindmyselfspendingsomuchtimewritingdowneverylittledetailthatIdon'thavetimetoactuallystudy."Warning:Ifyouspendalldaypretendingstudying,you'llpayallnightcrammingforreal.(Whatawasteofsocializingtime!)Thisyear'sresolution:Stayontargetbysettinggoals(LikefourchaptersbyWednesday)andaskingyourfriendstotestyou.Also,tuneintoyourinterests:Ifyoufindyourselfdrawingelaboratedoodlesinthemarginswhenyou'resupposedtobeanalyzingShakespeare,takedrawingclassesandsnapoutofyourdaydream.

TheGrind

Onelookatyoursockdrawer,meticulouslyarrangedinrainboworder,suggestscontrol-freaktendencies.Youneverfailtodoafixedamountofstudyingeacheveningandyourgoodgradesshowit.Youcautiouslyplotacoursetoconqueranunrulyassignment,andyourarelybreakyourroutine.Gretchen,fromChicago,describesherhard-coremethod:"Icompletelyorganizeallofmynotes.Then,beforeIdoanythingelse,IplanoutexactlyhowmanyhoursI'mgoingtostudyandhowlongIamgoingtotakebreaks.Inthisway,Ialwaysstayontask.IreadthroughmynotesandthenhighlightthethingsIdon'tknowwell,tocommitthemtomemory."Butshe'snotdoneyet!"ThenIreadmyassignmentsagainandtakenotesandstudythesenotesthesamewayIstudiedmyclassnotes."Sarah,fromScarsdale,NewYork,alsoconsidersherselfaworkerbee."Iplanmyworksothatthere'ssomethingIhavetodoeverynightoftheweek.Butwhenthere'satest,I'lldoallmyassignmentsbeforetryingtodoanoverview.StudyingcomeslastbecauseI'llwaituntilthelastminutetoeventrytoconcentratingonsomethingwithsolittlestructure."Warning:Whileyourself-disciplinewillserveyouwellincollege(orthemilitary),youmightwanttoaddmoreinspirationtoyourperspiration.Noamountofmemorization,orcolor-codingyournotebookswillhelpyouwriteanoriginal,opinionatedessayandyou'llbewritingplenty.Thisyear'sresolution:Varyyourroutineandthinkaboutyourowninsightsmore.Afterreadinganassignment,tryclosingyoureyesandrecallingwhatyoufoundinterestingbeforebuckling(扣住)downwithyourimpeccable(無瑕疵的)notes.Andifyou'vegotahalfhourtospareinyourstudyschedule,trysomethingmessyandcreative,likewritingapoem.

TheSocialStudier

You'rethekindwholearnsoutloud.Youyakyourwaytoenlightenment,sostudybuddiesareamust.Inschool,youremembermorefromhearingthelecturesthanfromdoingthereading.Roberta,fromPrinceton,NewJersey,says:"IwenttoastudycounselortofindoutthatIlearnbestbylistening.It'strue:UntilIhearsomethingoutloud,it'snotreallyrealtome.WhenI'mstudyingandIdon'tunderstandsomethinginourtextbook,I'llcallmyfriendstogetthescoop."Amy,fromEastLansing,Michi

A.knowwhetheryouareamorningpersonornot

B.learnwhetheryouareanexcellentstudent

C.form.somesortofstudyroutinesofyourown

D.learnhowtostudymoreeffectively

16.

ThelayerthatservestoshieldEarthfromtheSun'sharmfulultravioletraysiscalled______.

17.

Individualscancontributedirectlytosolvingtheproblemofaciddepositionby______.

18.

Globalizationisdistinctfromthetheorywhichclaimsthatculturalglobalismissimplytheconsequenceofeconomicglobalism.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Forthosewhojuststarttoexercise,thebestwaytoavoidfatigueandmusclepainisto______.

20.

Insteadofanaspectofnature,sportsbelongtothefieldof______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B5】

22.(35)

A.Theywonthetournamentlastyear.

B.Theyhavebeentrainedthehardestinthetournament.

C.Theyhavethemostmoneytospendontheirathletes.

D.Theyhaveneverlostagamebefore.

23.【B7】

24.(33)

A.TointroducethecategoriesofbooksintheUSlibraries.

B.ToexplainrolesofdifferentUSlibraries.

C.TodefinethecirculationsystemofUSlibraries.

D.TodemonstratetheimportanceofUSlibraries.

25.(28)

A.Totransportwatertohigherplace.

B.Totransportvegetablesquickly.

C.Tobringnutrientstothesoil.

D.Toadjustthesoiltemperature.

26.聽力原文：M:Whatdoyouthinkofthegovernment'snewtax-cutproposal?

W:Thoughitmaygivesomebenefittothepoor,itskeycomponentistheeliminationoftaxondividends.Thatmeanstherichwillgetricher.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthegovernment'stax-cutproposal?

(18)

A.Itwillreducegovernmentrevenues.

B.Itwillstimulatebusinessactivities.

C.Itwillmainlybenefitthewealthy.

D.Itwillcutthestockholders'dividends.

27.(21)

A.Herprofessordidnotlikeherstory.

B.Shehadtroublefinishingherassignment.

C.Shedidnotlikethetopicshehadchosenforherpaper.

D.Shewastakingtoomanycourses.

28.

【B2】

29.(16)

A.It'sopenonlytoteachersandpostgraduates.

B.Hecanstudythereifheiswritingaresearchpaper.

C.Seniorstudentscanenjoymorerightsthanotherundergraduates.

D.Heneedstheapprovalofhisprofessorfortheuseofit.

30.聽力原文：M：Howmanystudentspassedthefinalphysicsexaminyourclass?

W：Forty,butstillasmanyas20percentoftheclassfailed.Quitedisappointing，isn'tit?

Q：Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheexam?

(14)

A.Itsresultswerejustasexpected.

B.Itwasn'tverywelldesigned.

C.Itfullyreflectedthestudents'ability.

D.Itsresultsfellshortofherexpectations.

31.(26)

A.Thewoman's.B.Tom's.C.Theman's.D.Thetripleaders'.

32.(24)

A.Tocreatestabilityintheirlives.

B.Toembracechangesofthought.

C.Toadapttothedisintegratedfamilylife.

D.Toreturntothepracticeinthe60s'and70s'.

33.(17)

A.Shewasgivenanewposition.

B.Shewasgivenaraise.

C.Shewascriticizedforbeinglate.

D.Shewaspraisedforherservice.

34.(32)

A.Itisawardedtothebestfilmofthefestival,

B.ItwasIntroducedin1959.

C.Itwasintroducedbyacommercialorganization.

D.OnlyAmericandirectorshavereceivedthisaward

35.

【B7】

36.(15)

A.Sheleftthelectureforafewminutes.

B.Shewasreadingduringthelecture.

C.Shemayhavefallenasleep.

D.Shemisunderstoodthespeaker'slastpoints.

37.【B10】

38.

【B6】

39.(34)

A.Itwasverydeveloped.

B.Itwasdenselypopulated.

C.ItwasatawarwithGreatBritain.

D.Itwasasmall,unimportantcity.

40.聽力原文：Recentfilms,books,magazinesandnewspapershavereportedaboutseriousthreatstotheenvironment.Changesinclimate,increasingpollution,risingenergydemands,anddecreasingsuppliesofwaterareworldwideproblems.Designersandbuildersaroundtheworldarereactingtotheseenvironmentalconcernswithnewconceptionofgreenhouse.

Greenhousesaredesignedtobesustainable.Somethingthatissustainableprovidespeopletodaywithwhattheyneed.Butitdoesnotuseupordamagethenaturalresources.

Greenhousesusemuchlessfossilfuels—oil,gasandcoal—forenergy.Thehousesareplacedonthelandsothesunwarmsthemduringcoldmonthsandisblockedduringhotmonths.Thehouseshaveplentyofwindowsthatopentoletincoolingair.Theyhavespecialequipmentthatusesalotlesswater.

Greenhousesaremadeofwoodfromfast-growingtreessooldgrowthforestsdonothavetobecut.Theyincluderecycledmaterialssosomethingoldisre-used,notthrownawayaswaste.Thehousesarehealthierforpeopletolivein.Materialsusedinthemarenotprocessedwithstrongchemicalsthatcanproduceharmfulgases.

Housesthatareenvironmentallyfriendlyarenotnew.Foryears,architectsinmanyareasoftheworldhavedesignedandbuiltthemforenvironmentalactivists.Butnow,rapidlyrisingenergycostsareincreasingthedemandworldwideforgreenhousesthatuselessenergyandotherresources.

(33)

A.Itisanewdesigntokeeppeoplewarminwinter.

B.Itiscloselysea!0dsothatcoolaircannotgothrough.

C.Itisanewdesignwithoutexhaustingorharmingnaturalresources.

D.Itiscreatedforgardeningorfanning.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

【C3】

42.(54)

43.

【C7】

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?Whyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthalone?Eightyearsago,whenBillClintonfirstran.forpresident,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,500,yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond,andnoonetalkedaboutthe"permanentboom"orthe"neweconomy."Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof"notleavingasinglepersonbehind."Itispossiblethatsimilar"compassionate"rhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.

Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsago,whenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertain,orinpreviouseras,whenthecountryfeltflush.Evenlastsummer,whenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkable,BobbyKennedy-likepilgrimagethroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louis,theadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasa"newmarketsinitiative."

Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit--agrowingeconomyisbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedical,mentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution."Theeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparation,anyabilitytocopewithmodernlife,"saysFranklinD.Raines,theformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMae.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutions,theytalkanalyticallyandlong-term:education,developmentofworkskills,shiftsinthelabormarket,adjustmentsinwelfarereform.

ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ftistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftout.It'ssimpleinvisibility,becauseofincreasinggeographic,occupational,andsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheother'sview.

Inthefirstparagraphofthispassage,theword"straitened"probablymeans"______".

A.difficultB.pastC.wealthyD.distant

45.

ToknowinglyallowoneselftopursueunhealthyhabitsiscomparedbyFriesandCrapoto______.

46.

hesecondparagraphsuggeststhat______.

A.youngpeoplehavemorerigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirparentsdo

B.bothyoungpeopleandparentshavemorerigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirparentsdo

C.parentshavelessrigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirchildrendo

D.youngpeoplehavelessrigidideasaboutmaleorfemaleworkthantheirparentsdo

47.

Canyouuseonephrasetosummarizethemainideaofthewholepassage?

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Theplanet'swildcreaturesfaceanewthreat—fromyuppies(雅皮士),emptynestersandoneparentfamilies.

Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet'sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.

EvenwherepopulationshaveactuallydwindledinsomeregionsofNewZealand,forinstance—thenumbersofindividualhouseholdshasincreased,becauseofdivorce,careerchoice,smallerfamiliesandlongerlifespan.

JianguoLinofMichiganStateUniversityandcolleaguesfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniareportinNature,inapaperpublishedonlineinadvance,thatagreaternumberofindividualhouseholds,eachcontainingonaveragefewerpeople,meantmorepressureonnaturalresources.

Townsandcitiesbegantosprawl(蔓生，蔓延)asnewhomeswerebuilt.Eachhouseholdneededfueltoheatandlightit;eachhouseholdrequireditsownplumbing,cookingandrefrigeration.

"Inlargerhouseholds,theefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigher,becausemorepeoplesharethings,"DrLiusaid.Heandhiscolleagueslookedatthepopulationpatternsoflifein141countries,including76"hotspot'regionsunusuallyrichinavarietyoflocalwildlife.ThesehotspotsincludedAustralia,NewZealand,theUS,Brazil,China,India,Kenya,andItaly.Theyfoundthatbetween1985and2000inthe"