操作系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)一模擬進(jìn)程狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換

-.z實(shí)驗(yàn)一模擬進(jìn)程狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換及其PCB的變化一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模鹤孕芯幹颇M程序，通過形象化的狀態(tài)顯示，使學(xué)生理解進(jìn)程的概念、進(jìn)程之間的狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換及其所帶來的PCB內(nèi)容、組織的變化，理解進(jìn)程與其PCB間的一一對應(yīng)關(guān)系。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容及要求：〔1〕、設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)模擬進(jìn)程狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換及其相應(yīng)PCB內(nèi)容、組織構(gòu)造變化的程序?！?〕、獨(dú)立編寫、調(diào)試程序。進(jìn)程的數(shù)目、進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)模型〔三狀態(tài)、五狀態(tài)、七狀態(tài)或其它〕以及PCB的組織形式可自行選擇?！?〕、合理設(shè)計(jì)與進(jìn)程PCB相對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造。PCB的內(nèi)容要涵蓋進(jìn)程的根本信息、控制信息、資源需求及現(xiàn)場信息?！?〕、設(shè)計(jì)出可視性較好的界面，應(yīng)能反映出進(jìn)程狀態(tài)的變化引起的對應(yīng)PCB內(nèi)容、組織構(gòu)造的變化。〔5〕、代碼書寫要規(guī)*，要適當(dāng)?shù)貐⒓幼⑨?。?〕、鼓勵在實(shí)驗(yàn)中參加新的觀點(diǎn)或想法，并加以實(shí)現(xiàn)。〔7〕、認(rèn)真進(jìn)展預(yù)習(xí)，完成預(yù)習(xí)報(bào)告?！?〕、實(shí)驗(yàn)完成后，要認(rèn)真總結(jié)，完成實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。三、實(shí)現(xiàn):數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造structPCB{charname;intpriority;intneedtime;booloperator<(constPCB&b)const{returnpriority>b.priority;}};五狀態(tài)進(jìn)程模型最高優(yōu)先數(shù)優(yōu)先調(diào)度算法流程圖四、運(yùn)行結(jié)果：圖1創(chuàng)立2個(gè)進(jìn)程，因?yàn)檫@時(shí)cpu空閑所以內(nèi)核調(diào)度，b優(yōu)先級高先執(zhí)行圖2超時(shí)，因?yàn)檫@時(shí)cpu空閑所以內(nèi)核調(diào)度，b優(yōu)先級還是比a高所以先執(zhí)行圖32個(gè)進(jìn)程均被阻塞，其中一旦進(jìn)程被阻塞就會引發(fā)調(diào)度圖4喚醒1個(gè)進(jìn)程，從阻塞隊(duì)列取隊(duì)首放到就緒隊(duì)列隊(duì)尾，由于這時(shí)cpu空閑所以內(nèi)核調(diào)度五、源代碼：*include<cstdio>*include<algorithm>usingnamespacestd;intReady_len=0;intBlocked_len=0;intCPU_state=0;structPCB{ charname; intpriority; intneedtime;booloperator<(constPCB&b)const{returnpriority>b.priority;}};PCBReady[100];PCBBlocked[100];PCBCpu;booldispatch();boolcreat(intNUM){//創(chuàng)立一個(gè)新的進(jìn)程while(NUM--){printf("輸入進(jìn)程名(一個(gè)字符)、所需時(shí)間(一個(gè)整數(shù))、優(yōu)先級(一個(gè)整數(shù)):\n");scanf("%s%d%d",&(Ready[Ready_len].name),&(Ready[Ready_len].needtime),&(Ready[Ready_len].priority));getchar();Ready_len++;}if(CPU_state==0)//如果CPU空閑，則調(diào)度dispatch();}booldispatch(){ if(CPU_state==0){ if(Ready_len!=0){sort(Ready,Ready+Ready_len);C=Ready[0].name;Cpu.needtime=Ready[0].needtime;Cpu.priority=Ready[0].priority;if(Ready_len!=1)//就緒隊(duì)列剔除隊(duì)首元素for(intind*=1;ind*<Ready_len;ind*++){Ready[ind*-1].name=Ready[ind*].name;Ready[ind*-1].needtime=Ready[ind*].needtime;Ready[ind*-1].priority=Ready[ind*].priority;}Ready_len--;CPU_state=1;printf("***%c進(jìn)程送往CPU執(zhí)行\(zhòng)n",C);Cpu.needtime--;Cpu.priority--;}else{printf("***就緒隊(duì)列為空，無法調(diào)度\n");returnfalse; } }else{printf("***CPU忙，無法調(diào)度\n");}}booltime_out(){ if(CPU_state==1){if(Cpu.needtime==0)printf("***%c時(shí)間片用完，并且執(zhí)行完畢，被釋放\n",C);else{Ready[Ready_len].name=C;Ready[Ready_len].needtime=Cpu.needtime;Ready[Ready_len].priority=Cpu.priority;Ready_len++;printf("***%c時(shí)間片用完\n",C);}CPU_state=0;C=0;Cpu.needtime=0;Cpu.priority=0;if(Ready_len!=0)//時(shí)間片用完，如果就緒隊(duì)列不為空，則調(diào)度dispatch(); }else{ printf("***沒有進(jìn)程在CPU中，無法超時(shí)\n"); }}boolevent_wait(){ if(CPU_state==1){ Blocked[Blocked_len].name=C;Blocked[Blocked_len].needtime=Cpu.needtime;Blocked[Blocked_len].priority=Cpu.priority; Blocked_len++; printf("***%c被阻塞\n",C);CPU_state=0;if(Ready_len!=0)//進(jìn)程被阻塞，如果就緒隊(duì)列不為空，則調(diào)度dispatch();}else printf("***沒有進(jìn)程在CPU中，無法阻塞\n");}boolevent_occur(){ if(Blocked_len!=0){ //sort(Blocked,Blocked+Blocked_len);Ready[Ready_len].name=Blocked[0].name;Ready[Ready_len].needtime=Blocked[0].needtime;Ready[Ready_len].priority=Blocked[0].priority;Ready_len++;if(Blocked_len!=1)//阻塞隊(duì)列剔除隊(duì)首元素for(intind*=1;ind*<Blocked_len;ind*++){Blocked[ind*-1].name=Blocked[ind*].name;Blocked[ind*-1].needtime=Blocked[ind*].needtime;Blocked[ind*-1].priority=Blocked[ind*].priority;}Blocked_len--;//printf("%d%d",Blocked_len,Ready_len);printf("***%c被喚醒\n",Ready[Ready_len-1].name);if(CPU_state==0)//如果CPU空閑，則調(diào)度dispatch();//printf("%d%d",Blocked_len,Ready_len);}else printf("***阻塞隊(duì)列為空，無法喚醒\n");}intmain(){intCputime=1; while(1){printf("\n1:New\t\t\t2:Dispatch\n"); printf("3:Timeout\t\t4:Eventwait\n");printf("5:Eventoccur\t\t0:e*it\n");printf("輸入1--5實(shí)現(xiàn)相應(yīng)的功能：\n");intselect; scanf("%d",&select);getchar(); switch(select){case1:intnum;printf("輸入要創(chuàng)立的進(jìn)程數(shù)：\n");scanf("%d",&num);getchar();creat(num);break; case2: dispatch(); break; case3: time_out(); break; case4: event_wait();break; case5: event_occur(); break;case0:e*it(0);break; } printf("****************************Cputime:%3d****************************\n",Cputime); printf("狀態(tài)\t\t進(jìn)程名\t\t需要時(shí)間\t\t優(yōu)先級\n"); if(CPU_state){//顯示CPU中的進(jìn)程printf("Running:\t%c\t\t",C);printf("%d\t\t\t",Cpu.needtime);printf("%d\n",Cpu.priority); } if(Ready_len){//顯示Ready隊(duì)列中的進(jìn)程for(inta=0;a<Ready_len;a++){printf("Ready%d:\t\t",a);printf("%c\t\t",Ready[a].name);printf("%d\t\t\t",Ready[a].needtime);printf("%d\n",Ready[a].priority); } } if(Blocked_len){//顯示Blocked隊(duì)列中的程序for(intb=0;b<Blocked_len;b++){printf("Blocked%d:\t",b);