2018年上海市浦東新區(qū)高考二模英語(yǔ)(含聽(tīng)力)試題(解析版)

上海市浦東新區(qū)2018屆高三下學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)(二模)

英語(yǔ)試題

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA—10分

Directions:InSectionA.youwillhearfenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

1.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Challenges.B.Hobbies.C.Jobs.D.Experiences.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Thesetofstampsarerare.Ittookmealongtimetocollectthem.Bytheway,doyoulike

collectingstamps?

W:Yes,butIprefersomethingchallenging.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

2.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Difficult.D.Amazing.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:HowdoyoufindyourShanghaidialectlearning,Mike?

M:Oh,it’squitebeyondmycapacity.

Q:WhatdoesthemanthinkoflearningShanghaidialect?

3.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.WatchingTVandvideos.

B.ReplacingvideoswithTV.

C.Parents’involvement.

D.Havingbabysitters.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:SometimeswhenI’mbusy,Iletmybabywatchvideos.Canthishelphismentaldevelopment?

M:Passiveactivityprobablywon’thurt,butTVandvideosarepoorsubstitutesforparents’involvement.

Q:Whatisgoodforbabies’mentalgrowthaccordingtotheman?

4.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Apoliceman.B.Anaccountant.C.Asalesman.D.Abankteller.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:IneedyourIDandaccountnumberbeforeIcancashyourcheck.

W:Sure,here’smypassportanddrivinglicenseandmyaccountnumberisonthiscard.

Q:What’stheman’soccupation?

5.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.7:40.B.7:15.C.7:20.D.7:45.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Takeiteasy.It’sonly7:30now.Therearestill15minutestogobeforethemoviestarts.

W:Don’tyourememberourclockis10minutesslow?

Q:What’sthetimenow?

6.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Hewillgetsomeonetodoit.

B.Sheshoulddoitherself.

C.Theydon’thavetodoit.

D.Hewillcleanthedeskrightaway.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Hey,honey,canyougrabadusterandgetthisdeskcleaned?

M:Oh,don’tbother.Weareleavinginaminute.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

7.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Bybus.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.D.Bycar.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:AnexhibitionofPicasso’spaintingsisbeingheld.Doyouwanttogowithme?

M:HowcanImissit!Butwiththebusdriversonstrikeandtaxissoexpensive,wehavenochoicebuttotake

thesubway.Ifonlywehadacar.

Q:Howwilltheygototheexhibition?

8.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Heisnotagoodmechanic.

B.Hedoesn’tkeephisword.

C.Hespendshissparetimedoingrepairs.

D.Heisalwaysreadytoofferhelptoothers.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Tomsaidhewouldcometorepairoursolarheaterwhenhehadtime.

M:Heoftensaysheiswillingtohelp,butheneverseemstohavetime.

Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutTom?

9.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Shehasbeenhavingasadday.

B.Sheneedstotakeadayoff.

C.Shewantstoplaybasketball,too.

D.Shehasbeenannoyedbythenoise.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Whyhaven’tyoudoneyourhomeworkyet?It’sbeenawholeday.

W:Oh,Daddy!HowcanIconcentratewiththatnoise?Theboyshavebeenplayingbasketballalldaylong,

justoutsidemywindow.

Q:Whatdoesthegirlmean?

10.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

A.Themanisn’tsureabouttherehearsal.

B.It’sbetterforthewomantowearacostume.

C.Thewomanwouldregretitifsheworeacostume.

D.Itwouldn’tmakeanydifferenceifthewomandidit.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:WoulditbeOKifIworeacostumefortherehearsaltomorrow?

M:Ohyouwouldregretitifyoudidn’t.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromthedialogue?

SectionB—15分

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,and

youwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassages

andtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyou

hearqquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbe

thebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

11.

A.Hequalifiedasateacher.

B.Hebecameastudent.

C.Hebecameagovernmentresearcher.

D.HeconductedaresearchonZimbabwe.

12.

A.Children’smindsarenotusedtothefull.

B.Itisagreatdrainonchildren’stimeandenergy.

C.Ithighlightstheflexibilityofchildren’sminds.

D.Itpreventschildrenfromseekinganswersbythemselves.

13.

A.Toteachpeopletounderstandtheworld

B.Toinstructpeoplehowtoraisegoodquestions.

C.Toencouragepeopletostudyastheygetolder.

D.Toinformpeopleofproblemsinforeigncountries.

【答案】11.B12.C13.B

【解析】

【原文】“Youarenevertoooldtolearn.”iswhatmyfatheralwaystoldme,andheprovedit.Attheageof

55,hequitworkingtobecomeafull-timestudentatourlocaluniversity,studyinggovernmentandpolitical

science.Iunderstandnowwhyhedidit.Educationiskindofwastedontheyoung.Sure,weteachchildren

becauseyoungmindsareflexibleandopen,butmakingthemmemorizehundredsoffactsisapoor

substitutionforlearning.Ithinkthegreatestservicewecandoistoteachchildrentoaskquestionsandguide

theminseekingtheanswersforthemselves.“What’sthecapitalofZimbabwe?”isamuchlessimportant

questionthan,“WhatproblemsdopeoplehaveinZimbabwe?”Ifpeopleweretaughttoasktherightquestions

fromayoungage,theworldwouldn’tbeashardtounderstandwhenthey’reolder.Ithinkthat’sthewaymy

fathersawit.

Questions

Whatdidhisfatherdolaterinhislife?

Whichofthefollowingstatementiswrongaboutmemorizingfacts?

What’s.hisfather’sopiniononthemainpurposeofeducation?

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

14.

A.Toserveasatimekiller.

B.Tocultivatepeople’sreadingkills

C.Topromotethesalesofsomebooks.

D.Toencouragepeopletotakepublictransportation

15

A.Thestoriesaretheshorteditionofsomewebsitearticles.

B.Userscanchoosethelengthandtypeofthestories.

C.Thestoriesareobtainedbysimplypressingabutton.

D.Usersdon’tneedtopayfortheshortstories.

16.

A.Fromtheboringtravelexperience.

B.Fromtheloveforshortstories.

C.Fromthepositivefeedback

D.Fromthesnackvendingmachine.

【答案】14.A15.B16.D

【解析】

【原文】ReadersinGrenoble,aFrenchcity,cannowenjoyasmallbiteoffictioninsteadofthesnacksfrom

thevendingmachineaftertheintroductionofeightshort-storydispensers.

Thefreestoriesareavailableatthetouchofabutton,printingoutonrollsofpaperlikeareceipt.Readersare

abletochooseoneminute,threeminutesorfiveminutesoffiction.Justtwoweekssincelaunch,morethan

10,000storieshavealreadybeenprinted.

Thefeedbackisoverwhelminglypositive.ThereareonlyeightdispensersinthecityofGrenoblefornow,but

moreareplannedtobeintroduced.Requestsarefromallovertheworld—Australia,theUS,Canada,Russia,

Greece,ItalyandChile.

Pleplé,theFrenchpublisher,hopesthestorieswillbeusedtofillthe“deadtime”ofaregularjourneytoand

fromtheplaceofone’swork.Inthebusorthemetro,everyonecanmakethemostofthesemomentstoread

shortstories,poemsorshortcomics.

Thestoriesaredrawnfromthemorethan60,000storiesonShortédition’scommunitywebsite.Usersarenot

abletochoosewhattypeofstory—romantic,fantasticalorcomic—theywouldliketoread.

Pleplésaidheandhisteaminitiallycameupwiththeideawhenhavingabreakatthesnackvendingmachine.

Theythoughtitwouldbecooltohaveitforshortstories.Then,acoupleofdayslater,theshort-story

dispenserwasborn.

Questions:

Whatisthepurposeofthestorydispenser?

Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthestories?

WheredoesPleplé’sinspirationcomefrom?

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此處有音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

17.A.5.B.7.C.8.D.10.

18.

A.Becausehisfriendsdon’tgetoffworktill5p.m.

B.BecausetherewillbemorefriendstogotothecinemaonFriday.

C.BecausethefilmwillbemorepopularthantheWednesday’s.

D.Becausetherearenotenoughticketsleftforthe9p.m.showing.

19.

A.Payingadeposit.

B.E-orderinginadvance.

C.Payingrightaway.

D.Collectingticketsonedayahead.

20.A.Thefilm.B.ThedateC.Theseating.D.Theviewers.

【答案】17.A18.D19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:WelcometoWandaInternationalCinema.CanIhelpyou?

M:Umm…Iwanttoknowwhen“OperationRedSea”isshowingtoday.

W:Thereare6showingstoday,oneinthemorning,anotheratnoon,andthen3p.m.,6p.m.,9p.m.,anda

midnightshowing.

M:OK,Iwant5ticketsforthe9p.m.showingtonight.Aretherestill5ticketsavailablethatareseated

together?

W:I’msorry,thereareonly3ticketsleft.Howaboutthe6p.m.showing?Therearestill7ticketsleftforthat

show.

M:Butwehaveadatefordinnerat5p.m.,sowewon'tmakethebeginningofthemovie.

W:Sowouldyouliketoseeanothermovie?“DetectiveChinaTown2”isverypopular,too.

M:No,weallwanttoseethisone.IsthereanywaythatwecouldbuyticketsnowforFriday’sscreens?

W:Youcanorderticketsrightnowforthenextthreedays.It’sWednesdaytoday.So,that’sOK.Whattime

wouldyoulike?

M:The9p.m.showing.IthinktheremightbemorepeoplewhowanttoseethemovieonFriday.Howmany

ticketscanIbuyatonetime?

W:Thelimitforadvancedticketsis10.

M:OK,I'llhave8ticketsfortheshowingof“OperationRedSea”.Aretheticketsavailable?

W:Yes,you’relucky.

M:Bytheway,whencanIpickupthetickets?

W:Youcanhavethemrightnowifyoupayforthem.

M:Great!Thanks!

Questions:

Howmanyticketsdoesthemanwanttobuyforthe9p.m.showingonWednesday?

WhydoesthemandecidetobuytheFriday'stickets?

Whatwillthemanprobablydotoensure8ticketsforFriday?

Whatdoesthemaninsistson?

II.Grammarandvocabulary

SectionA—10分

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;forthe

otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintotheLondonZoo

thatawildpuma___21___(spot)fortymilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,asthe

evidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsdecidedtoinvestigate.

Thehunt___22___thepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawoman___23___(pick)blackberriessaw

“alargecat”onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmed

thatapumawillnotattackahumanbeing___24___itiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepuma

wasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandat___25___placetwentymilesawayintheevening.

___26___itwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Severalpeople

complainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanona___27___(fish)tripsawthepumaupatree.

Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,___28___wherehaditcomefrom?

Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisone___29___havebeeninthe

possessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,but

thepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbing___30___(think)adangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequiet

countryside.

【答案】21.hadbeenspotted

22.for23.picking

24.unless25.another

26.Wherever

27.fishing

28.but29.must

30.tothink

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文，講述了有人發(fā)現(xiàn)一只野生美洲獅出現(xiàn)在倫敦以南40英里處的一個(gè)村子里，專家

們已經(jīng)展開調(diào)查，這引發(fā)了人們的不安。

【21題詳解】

考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)倫敦動(dòng)物園接到報(bào)告說(shuō)在倫敦以南40英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只野生美洲獅時(shí)，他

們并沒(méi)有認(rèn)真對(duì)待。awildpuma與spot是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在came之前，也就是過(guò)去的

過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填hadbeenspotted。

【22題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：搜尋美洲獅的行動(dòng)始于一個(gè)小村莊，在那里一位摘黑莓的婦女看到“一只大貓”離

她只有五碼遠(yuǎn)。hunt常于for搭配，表示“搜尋、尋找”，故填for。

【23題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意同上，awoman與pick之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞作后

置定語(yǔ)，故填picking。

【24題詳解】

考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：專家證實(shí)，美洲獅除非被逼入絕境，否則不會(huì)攻擊人類。此處表示一種條

件，根據(jù)“itiscornered”可知此處表示“除非”，故填unless。

【25題詳解】

考查固定搭配。句意：事實(shí)證明，尋找美洲獅是困難的，因?yàn)槿藗兂３Ｔ谠绯康囊粋€(gè)地方發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲獅，

晚上卻在20英里外的另一個(gè)地方發(fā)現(xiàn)它。此處與前面的one構(gòu)成固定搭配，one...another...表示“一

個(gè)……，另一個(gè)……”，故填another。

【26題詳解】

考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：它所到之處，總會(huì)留下一串死鹿和死兔子之類的小動(dòng)物。根據(jù)句意可知此

處用wherever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhere,表示“無(wú)論什么地方、所到之處”，故填

Wherever。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：有幾個(gè)人說(shuō)晚上聽(tīng)到貓一樣的叫聲，一個(gè)商人在釣魚時(shí)看見(jiàn)美洲獅在樹上。根據(jù)句

意可知此處用名詞作定語(yǔ)，onafishingtrip表示“釣魚時(shí)（路上）”，故填fishing。

【28題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：現(xiàn)在專家們已經(jīng)完全肯定那只動(dòng)物就是美洲獅，但它是從哪里來(lái)的呢？根據(jù)句意可

知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but。

【29題詳解】

考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：由于沒(méi)有報(bào)告說(shuō)這個(gè)國(guó)家的任何一個(gè)動(dòng)物園有美洲獅失蹤，

這只美洲獅一定是一個(gè)私人收藏家藏著的，不知怎的設(shè)法逃走了。根據(jù)“Asnopumashadbeen

reportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry”可知此處用musthavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，

故填must。

【30題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一想到一種危險(xiǎn)的野生動(dòng)物仍在安靜的鄉(xiāng)村逍遙法外就令人不安。此處為

“itis+adj+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，故填tothink。

SectionB—10分

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.networkB.specifyC.traditionallyD.ingredient

E.uneasyF.additionalG.culturallyH.block

I.determineJ.requirementK.critical

Amulticulturalpersonissomeonewhoisdeeplyconvincedthatallculturesareequallygood,enjoys

learningtherichvarietyofculturesintheworld,andmostlikelyhasbeenexposedtomorethanoneculturein

hisorherlifetime.

Youcannotmotivateanyone,especiallysomeoneofanotherculture,untilthatpersonhasacceptedyou.

Amultilingualsalespersoncanexplaintheadvantagesofaproductinotherlanguages,butamulticultural

salespersoncanmotivateforeignerstobuyit.That’sa(an)___31___difference.

Noonelikesforeignerswhoarearrogant(自大的)abouttheirownculture.Thetroubleismostpeopleare

arrogantlymonoculturalwithoutbeingawareofitandeventhosewhoarecan’thideit.Foreignerssense

monoculturalarroganceatonceandsetuptheirownculturalbarriers,whichmayeffectively___32___any

attemptbythemonoculturalpersontomotivatethem.

Multiculturalismisa(an)___33___thathasbeenneglectedtooofteninhiringmanagersforinternational

positions.Evenifyourcompanyisnotamultinationalone,chancesareyou’reintouchwithforeign

customersormanufacturers.Doyouhavetherightemployeetobuildupthe___34___?

For20-oddyears,I’verunanexecutive-searchfirmfromBrussels.Whenclientsaskustofindtheright

personforanewpan-Europeansalesormanagementposition,Istartbyaskingthemto___35___the

qualificationstheiridealcandidatewouldhave.Mostoftentheylistthesamequalitiestheywouldwantfora

domesticposition,butwiththe___36___requirementthatthenewmanagerbefluentenoughinEnglish,

GermanandFrenchtocopewithfaxesandemail.Itsometimestakesmehourstopersuadeclientsthatthe

linguistic(語(yǔ)言的)abilitiestheyseeascrucialarenotenough.

Ofcourse,it’sfarmoredifficultto___37___candidatesmulticulturalismthanitistochecktheir

languageskills—butit’salsoafarmoreimportant___38___tosuccess.Irememberacompanythataskedme

tocheckoutasalesmantheywereplanningtosendtoMexico.He’dstudiedSpanish,andhadgrownupin

NewYorkCity—themost___39___diverseplaceinAmerica.ButwhenIinterviewedhim,heturnedoutto

havenoconceptofthegreatprideMexicanstookintheirculture,andmoreoverhewas____40____about

Mexicanrestaurantsandmarketsbeingdirtyandunsafe.IrejectedhimjustasMexicanbuyerswouldhaveif

he’dbeenselectedforthejob.

【答案】31.K32.H

33.J34.A

35.B36.F

37.I38.D

39.G40.E

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了多元文化及其對(duì)工作影響。

【31題詳解】

的

考查形容詞。句意：這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別。修飾名詞difference用形容詞，根據(jù)“Amultilingual

salespersoncanexplaintheadvantagesofaproductinotherlanguages,butamulticulturalsalespersoncan

motivateforeignerstobuyit.”可知此處表示“關(guān)鍵的”，故填K。

【32題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：外國(guó)人一下子就感受到了單一文化的傲慢，并設(shè)置了自己的文化壁壘，這可能會(huì)有

效地阻止單一文化者試圖激勵(lì)他們。此處缺少動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“Foreignerssensemonocultural

arroganceatonceandsetuptheirownculturalbarriers,”可知此處表示“阻止”，故填H。

【33題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：多元文化是招聘經(jīng)理在擔(dān)任國(guó)際職位時(shí)常常被忽視的一項(xiàng)要求。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知

此處缺少名詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“thathasbeenneglectedtooofteninhiringmanagersforinternational

positions.”可知此處表示“要求”，故填J。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：你有合適的員工來(lái)建立關(guān)系網(wǎng)嗎？此處缺少名詞作動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)buildup的賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)

“Evenifyourcompanyisnotamultinationalone,chancesareyou’reintouchwithforeigncustomersor

manufacturers”可知此處指“網(wǎng)絡(luò)、關(guān)系網(wǎng)”，故填A(yù)。

【35題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)客戶要求我們?yōu)橐粋€(gè)新的泛歐銷售或管理職位找到合適的人選時(shí)，我首先要求他

們?cè)敿?xì)說(shuō)明他們理想的候選人應(yīng)該具備的資格。asksbtosth表示“要求某人做某事”，此處需要填動(dòng)

詞原形，根據(jù)“thequalificationstheiridealcandidatewouldhave.”可知此處表示“詳細(xì)說(shuō)明”，故填B。

【36題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：大多數(shù)情況下，他們列出的素質(zhì)與國(guó)內(nèi)職位的要求相同，但另外要求新任經(jīng)理英

語(yǔ)、德語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)流利，足以應(yīng)付傳真和電子郵件。修飾名詞requirement用形容詞，根據(jù)“Mostoften

theylistthesamequalitiestheywouldwantforadomesticposition,butwiththe”可知此處指“額外的”，

故填F。

【37題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)然，確定候選人的多元文化比檢查他們的語(yǔ)言技能要困難得多，但這也是成功的

一個(gè)重要因素?？涨暗膖o為不定式符號(hào)，此處需要填動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)“candidatesmulticulturalismthan

itistochecktheirlanguageskills”可知此處表示“確定”，故填I(lǐng)。

【38題詳解】

考查名詞。句意同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知此處缺少名詞作表語(yǔ)，aningredientto表示“通

往……的一個(gè)要素”，故填D。

【39題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：他學(xué)過(guò)西班牙語(yǔ)，在紐約長(zhǎng)大，那里是美國(guó)最具文化多樣性的地方。修飾形容詞

diverse用副詞，本文主要討論的就是多元文化，因此此處表示“文化上”，故填G。

【40題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：但當(dāng)我采訪他時(shí)，他竟然沒(méi)有意識(shí)到墨西哥人在他們的文化中所表現(xiàn)出的巨大自

豪感，而且他對(duì)墨西哥餐館和市場(chǎng)骯臟和不安全感到不安。此處缺少形容詞作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)“about

Mexicanrestaurantsandmarketsbeingdirtyandunsafe.”可知此處表示“不安的”，故填E。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA—15分

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

HailingfromSweden,“plogging”isafitnesscrazethatseesparticipantspickupplasticlitterwhile

joggingaddingavirtuous,environmentallydrivenelementtothesport.Ploggingappearstohavestarted

around2016,butisnowgoingglobal,duetoincreasingawarenessand___41___overplasticlevelsinthe

ocean.

Theappealofploggingisits___42___—allyouneedisrunninggearandabinbag,andthefeelingof

gettingfitwhilesupportingagoodcause.Byaddingregularsquats(蹲)topickupjunkandcarrying___43___

tojogging.wecanassumethehealthbenefitsareincreased.

Runningandgoodcauseshavealwaysgone___44___—justthinkofallthefundraisingmarathon

runnersdo.Buttherecouldn’tbeamoreon-trendwayofkeepingfitthanplogging.

Anythingthat’sgettingpeopleoutinnatureandconnecting___45___withtheirIenvironmentisagood

thing,saysLizzieCarr,anenvironmentalistwhohelpedsetupPlasticPatrol,anationwidecampaignto

___46___ourinlandwaterwaysofplasticpollution.There’sbeenareal___47___inthepublicmindset

aroundplastics,helpedbythingslikeBluePlanethighlightinghowdisastrousthecrisisis,”shesays.

Weneedtokeepmomentumhighandthepressureup,andempowerpeoplethrough___48___like

ploggingandPlasticPatrol.

TheplasticPatrolappallowsusersto___49___plasticanywhereintheworldbycollectingdiscarded

items,photographingthemand___50___totheapp,givingusabetterknowledgeofwhatsortsofplasticand

whichbrandsarebeingthrownout.“I’durgeallploggerstogetinvolved,”addsCarr.

Ploggingisn’tthefirstfitnesstrendtocombinerunningwithagoodcause,Herearesomeofour

favourites:

GoodGym

Itsideaissimple:goforarun,visitanelderlyperson,haveachatandsometea,andrunback.

___51___amongtheelderlyisagrowingproblemintheUK.Withover10,000runssofar,___52___,

GoodGymisfindingasolution.

GuideRunning

Guiderunnersvolunteertheirtimetohelpingblindpeopleget___53___.Bylinkingthemselvestogether,

the___54___—impairedindividualcanfeelsafewhilebothworkofasweat.

___55___fortheHomeless

Start-upStuartDeliveryandtheChurchHousingTrustcollaboratedlastyearinbringingclothingand

healthyfoodtothehomeless.Deliveriesaremostlymadebybike,sothosewhodeliverkeepfitwhilehelping

roughsleepers(無(wú)家可歸者).

41.A.satisfactionB.hesitationC.fearD.control

42.A.complexityB.simplicityC.instrumentD.expense

43.A.substanceB.responsibilityC.valueD.weight

44.A.oneononeB.headtotoeC.handinhandD.onandoff

45.A.positivelyB.neutrallyC.objectivelyD.fairly

46.A.accuseB.ridC.assureD.rob

47.A.shiftB.interestC.aidD.delight

48.A.motivesB.performancesC.exercisesD.initiatives

49.A.eliminateB.mapC.seekD.degrade

50.A.leadingB.devotingC.endingD.uploading

51.A.DisappointmentB.TirednessC.SicknessD.Loneliness

52.A.thereforeB.moreoverC.howeverD.instead

53.A.excitedB.readyC.activeD.smart

54.A.visuallyB.audiblyC.visiblyD.sensibly

55.A.RunningB.PloggingC.DrivingD.Cycling

【答案】41.C42.B43.D44.C45.A46.B47.A48.D49.B50.D51.D

52.C53.C54.A55.D

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了拾荒慢跑和其他幾項(xiàng)把鍛煉和公益結(jié)合起來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式。

【41題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但由于人們對(duì)海洋中的塑料含量越來(lái)越敏感和恐懼，拾荒慢跑正在走向全

球。A.satisfaction滿意；B.hesitation猶豫；C.fear害怕、恐懼；D.control控制。上文說(shuō)拾荒慢跑是

在跑步的同時(shí)撿塑料垃圾，因此世界各地的人參與到這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中來(lái)是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)海洋中越來(lái)越多的塑

料感到敏感和恐懼，故C項(xiàng)正確。

【42題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它的簡(jiǎn)單（簡(jiǎn)易行），你所需要的只是跑步裝備和

垃圾袋，以及在支持一項(xiàng)公益事業(yè)的同時(shí)獲得健康的感覺(jué)。A.complexity復(fù)雜性；B.simplicity簡(jiǎn)單、

簡(jiǎn)易；C.instrument儀器；D.expense開支。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后的解釋說(shuō)明可知，拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它

的簡(jiǎn)單（簡(jiǎn)易行），故B項(xiàng)正確。

【43題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)經(jīng)常下蹲來(lái)?yè)炖拓?fù)重慢跑，我們鍛煉身體的效果也增強(qiáng)了。A.

substance實(shí)質(zhì)；B.responsibility責(zé)任；C.value價(jià)值；D.weight重量。帶著撿起來(lái)的垃圾一起跑自然

是在跑步的同時(shí)負(fù)重，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【44題詳解】

考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：跑步和公益事業(yè)總是相輔相成的，想想馬拉松選手們的籌款活動(dòng)就知道了。

A.oneonone一對(duì)一；B.headtotoe從頭到腳；C.handinhand手拉手、相輔相成；D.onandoff斷斷

續(xù)續(xù)。根據(jù)空后所說(shuō)的馬拉松選手們通過(guò)跑馬拉松來(lái)籌款可知，跑步和公益事業(yè)是相輔相成的，故C

項(xiàng)正確。

【45題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：任何能讓人們?nèi)谌氪笞匀徊⑴c周圍環(huán)境保持積極聯(lián)系的事情都是件好事。

A.positively積極地；B.neutrally中立地；C.objectively客觀地；D.fairly公平地。根據(jù)空前的

“gettingpeopleoutinnature”可知此處指“讓人們?nèi)谌氪笞匀徊⑴c周圍環(huán)境保持積極聯(lián)系”，故A項(xiàng)

正確。

【46題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：利齊·卡爾是一個(gè)環(huán)保主義者，他幫助發(fā)起塑料偵查運(yùn)動(dòng)，它是一項(xiàng)全國(guó)

性的運(yùn)動(dòng)，旨在消除我們內(nèi)陸水域的塑料污染。A.accuse控告；B.rid擺脫、去掉；C.assure擔(dān)保；D.

rob搶奪。塑料偵查運(yùn)動(dòng)的目的自然是要消除塑料污染，故B項(xiàng)正確。

【47題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：公眾對(duì)塑料的觀念有了真正的轉(zhuǎn)變，這得益于《藍(lán)色星球》等影片突顯出

這場(chǎng)危機(jī)的災(zāi)難性。A.shift轉(zhuǎn)變；B.interest興趣；C.aid援助；D.delight高興?！端{(lán)色星球》等影片

突顯出這場(chǎng)危機(jī)的災(zāi)難性，這讓公眾對(duì)塑料的觀念有了真正的轉(zhuǎn)變，故A項(xiàng)正確。

【48題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們需要保持良好的勢(shì)頭，讓人們感受到環(huán)保的壓力，并通過(guò)拾荒慢跑和

塑料偵查等舉措（活動(dòng)）讓人們切實(shí)參與進(jìn)來(lái)。A.motives動(dòng)機(jī)；B.performances表演；C.exercises

鍛煉；D.initiatives舉措。根據(jù)上文的介紹可知，拾荒慢跑和塑料偵查是清除塑料污染的兩個(gè)舉措

（活動(dòng)），故D項(xiàng)正確。

【49題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這款名為“塑料偵查”的應(yīng)用程序能讓全球的用戶把收集的廢棄塑料標(biāo)注

在地圖上、用戶可以拍照上傳，讓我們更好地了解哪些塑料以及哪些品牌正在被丟棄。A.eliminate消

除；B.map在地圖上標(biāo)注；C.seek尋找；D.degrade貶低。根據(jù)空后的“plasticanywhereintheworld

bycollectingdiscardeditems,photographingthemand___10___totheapp”可知，“塑料偵查”能讓全

球的用戶把收集的廢棄塑料標(biāo)注在地圖上、用戶可以拍照上傳，故B項(xiàng)正確。

【50題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.leading導(dǎo)致；B.devoting致力于；C.ending結(jié)束；D.uploading上

傳。根據(jù)空前的“photographingthem”可知，用戶拍完照后把照片上傳到應(yīng)用程序上，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【51題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在英國(guó)，老年人的孤獨(dú)感是一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。但目前隨著超過(guò)一萬(wàn)人

參加這項(xiàng)跑步活動(dòng)，“好健身”找到了解決之道。A.Disappointment失望；B.Tiredness勞累；C.

Sickness虛弱；D.Loneliness孤獨(dú)、寂寞。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，孤獨(dú)感是老年人面臨的一大嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，故

D項(xiàng)正確。

【52題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.therefore因此；B.moreover此外；C.however然而；D.instead相反。

根據(jù)句意可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故C項(xiàng)正確。

【53題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：導(dǎo)盲跑者自愿抽出時(shí)間幫助盲人活動(dòng)起來(lái)（參與體育活動(dòng)），通過(guò)將他

們聯(lián)系在一起，視力受損的人可以感到安全。A.excited興奮的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.active活躍的、

活動(dòng)的；D.smart聰明的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，盲人是無(wú)法獨(dú)自進(jìn)行跑步這樣的活動(dòng)的，而導(dǎo)盲跑者可以

幫助他們參與體育活動(dòng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。

【54題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.visually視覺(jué)上；B.audibly聽(tīng)覺(jué)上；C.visibly明顯地；D.sensibly

明顯地。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，盲人在視力上受損，故A項(xiàng)正確。

【55題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為無(wú)家可歸者騎行。A.Running跑步；B.Plogging拾荒慢跑；C.Driving

駕駛；D.Cycling騎行。本段主要講的是去年，StuartDelivery和ChurchHousingTrust合作，為無(wú)家可

歸者提供衣物和健康食品，送貨大多是騎自行車，所以送貨的人在幫助無(wú)家可歸者的同時(shí)保持健康，

因此此處是指“為無(wú)家可歸者騎行”，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【點(diǎn)睛】在完形填空的解題過(guò)程中，破折號(hào)后起解釋說(shuō)明或舉例說(shuō)明的句子往往是重要線索，例如本

篇第2空，根據(jù)破折號(hào)后的“allyouneedisrunninggearandabinbag,andthefeelingofgettingfitwhile

supportingagoodcause.”可知，你所需要的只是跑步裝備和垃圾袋，以及在支持一項(xiàng)公益事業(yè)的同時(shí)

獲得健康的感覺(jué)，這是對(duì)空處的解釋說(shuō)明，旨在說(shuō)明拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它很簡(jiǎn)單，沒(méi)有太多繁瑣

的要求，故B項(xiàng)simplicity正確。

SectionB—22分

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choose

theonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

In1982,IhadresponsibilityforStephenHawking’sthirdacademicbookforthePress,Superspaceand

Supergravity.Thiswasamessycollectionofpapersfromatechnicalworkshoponhowtodeviseanewtheory

ofgravity.Whilethatbookwasinproduction,Isuggestedhetrysomethingeasier:apopularbookaboutthe

natureoftheUniverse,suitableforthegeneralmarket.

Stephenhesitatedovermysuggestion.Healreadyhadaninternationalreputationasabrillianttheoretical

physicistworkingonrotatingblackholesandtheoriesofgravity.Andhehadconcernsaboutfinancialmatters:

importantly,itwasimpossibleforhimtoobtainanyformoflifeinsurancetoprotecthisfamilyintheeventof

hisdeathorbecomingtotallydependentonnursingcare.So,hetookprecioustimeoutfromhisresearchto

preparetheroughdraftofabook.

Atthetime,severalbestsellingphysicsauthorshadalreadypublishednon-technicalbooksontheearly

Universeandblackholes.Stephendecidedtowriteamoreper