回轉(zhuǎn)筒發(fā)酵秸稈碎料的物料動熱及出料提醇研究

回轉(zhuǎn)筒發(fā)酵秸稈碎料的物料動熱及出料提醇研究摘要

本文主要研究回轉(zhuǎn)筒發(fā)酵秸稈碎料的物料動熱及出料提醇問題。通過對回轉(zhuǎn)筒發(fā)酵秸稈碎料的物料動熱進行研究，可以更好地了解物料的熱力特性，促進發(fā)酵過程的控制和優(yōu)化，提高發(fā)酵效率和產(chǎn)醇量。同時，研究出料后提醇的關(guān)鍵因素，可為下一步的醇生產(chǎn)提供理論基礎(chǔ)和科學依據(jù)。本研究采用實驗室試驗和數(shù)值模擬的方法，結(jié)合現(xiàn)有文獻，從物料特性、空氣流動、溫度場等方面對回轉(zhuǎn)筒發(fā)酵秸稈碎料的物料動熱及出料提醇進行研究。結(jié)果表明，物料濕度、碎料大小和通風量等因素對物料的動熱和出料提醇有重要影響。本文的研究結(jié)果有助于進一步探索提高秸稈醇產(chǎn)量的技術(shù)方法。

關(guān)鍵詞：回轉(zhuǎn)筒、秸稈、發(fā)酵、動熱、出料、提醇

Abstract

Thispapermainlystudiesthematerialdynamicheatandethanolproductionoffermentedstrawcrushingmaterialintherotarydrum.Bystudyingthematerialdynamicheatofthefermentedstrawcrushingmaterialintherotarydrum,thethermalcharacteristicsofthematerialcanbebetterunderstood,whichcanpromotethecontrolandoptimizationofthefermentationprocess,improvethefermentationefficiencyandethanolproduction.Atthesametime,studyingthekeyfactorsofethanolproductionaftermaterialdischargecanprovidetheoreticalbasisandscientificbasisforthenextstepofalcoholproduction.Thisstudyuseslaboratoryexperimentsandnumericalsimulationmethods,combinedwithexistingliterature,tostudythematerialdynamicheatandethanolproductionoffermentedstrawcrushingmaterialsintherotarydrumfromtheaspectsofmaterialcharacteristics,airflow,temperaturefield,etc.Theresultsshowthatmaterialhumidity,crushingsize,andventilationvolumehaveanimportantimpactonthematerialdynamicheatandethanolproduction.Theresultsofthisstudyarehelpfulforfurtherexploringtechnicalmethodstoimprovetheethanolproductionofstraw.

Keywords:rotarydrum,straw,fermentation,dynamicheat,discharge,ethanolproduction

1.Introduction

Inrecentyears,theexplorationofrenewableenergysourceshasbecomeanimportantmeanstosolvetheenergycrisisandenvironmentalproblems.Ethanol,asatypeofrenewableenergy,hasreceivedextensiveattentionfromscholarsandtechniciansinthisfield.Asarawmaterialforethanolproduction,strawisakindofagriculturalwastewithlargeoutputandeasyavailability,whichhasgreatpotentialforethanolproduction.

However,therearestillsomeproblemsintheprocessoffermentationofstraw.Firstly,thecharacteristicsofstrawitselfarenotsuitableforfermentation,suchashighcelluloseandlignincontent,andlowcarbohydratecontent.Secondly,duringthefermentationprocess,thetemperatureandhumidityofthematerialchangefrequently,whichleadstotheinstabilityoffermentationconditions,resultinginthereductionoffermentationefficiencyandethanolproduction.

Inordertosolvetheseproblems,scholarshavecarriedoutaseriesofstudiesonthefermentationofstraw.Amongthem,theuseofrotarydrumfermentationtechnologyhasattractedattentionduetoitscharacteristicsofhighefficiency,lowenergyconsumption,andsimpleoperation.Intherotarydrum,bycontrollingthetemperature,humidity,andventilationofthematerial,thefermentationprocesscanbecontrolledandtheethanolyieldcanbeimproved.

Therefore,inthispaper,westudiedthematerialdynamicheatandethanolproductionoffermentedstrawcrushingmaterialsintherotarydrum.Throughexperimentalandnumericalsimulationmethods,theimpactofmaterialcharacteristics,airflow,temperaturefield,andotherfactorsonmaterialdynamicheatandethanolproductionwasanalyzed,andthekeyfactorsaffectingtheethanolproductionofstrawwereexplored.

2.MaterialsandMethods

2.1Materials

Therawmaterialusedinthisstudyiswheatstraw.Thewheatstrawwascrushedtoasizeof2-3cmandfilteredtoremoveimpurities.

2.2Experimentalmethod

Theexperimentalequipmentisaverticalrotarydrumwithadiameterof1mandalengthof3m.Therotarydrumisequippedwithafeedingdevice,atemperaturecontroldevice,andaventilationdevice,whichcanadjustthetemperature,humidity,andventilationofthematerialduringthefermentationprocess.

Theexperimentalprocessisasfollows:thecrushedstrawisevenlyfedintotherotarydrum,andthetemperature,humidity,andventilationofthematerialarecontrolledaccordingtotheexperimentaldesign.Thetemperatureandhumidityofthematerialaremeasuredbysensorsinstalledinthedrum,andtheventilationrateiscontrolledbyadjustingtheairvolumeoftheventilationdevice.Duringthefermentationprocess,thetemperature,humidity,andventilationofthematerialwereadjustedtomaintainastablefermentationcondition.

2.3Numericalsimulationmethod

Inthisstudy,thenumericalsimulationsoftwareFluentwasusedtosimulatethetemperaturefield,airflowfield,andmaterialdynamicheatoftherotarydrum.Thegeometricmodeloftherotarydrumwasestablishedaccordingtotheactualsizeoftheexperimentalequipment.Thematerialproperties,airflowproperties,andheattransfercoefficientsweresetinthesimulationmodel.Thesimulationtimewasconsistentwiththeactualexperimentaltime.

3.ResultsandDiscussion

3.1Materialdynamicheatresearch

Thematerialdynamicheatreflectstheheatgeneratedbythefermentationreactionandtheheatlosscausedbyheatconduction,convection,andradiationduringthefermentationprocess.Throughthestudyofmaterialdynamicheat,thefermentationefficiencyandheatbalanceoftherotarydrumcanbeanalyzed.

Theresultsshowthatthematerialdynamicheatofstrawcrushingmaterialisaffectedbymanyfactors,suchasmaterialhumidity,crushingsize,ventilationrate,etc.Whenthehumidityofthematerialistoohigh,thefermentationreactionisslow,andtheheatgenerationrateislow,whichreducesthefermentationefficiency.Whenthematerialhumidityistoolow,thefermentationreactionistoorapid,whichaffectsthequalityofthefermentationproduct.Whenthecrushingsizeofthematerialistoolarge,theventilationrateisreduced,theheatconvectioninthedrumisinsufficient,andtheheatgenerationrateisreduced.Whenthecrushingsizeofthematerialistoosmall,theairflowresistanceistoosmall,andtheventilationrateistoohigh,whichcausesheatlossandreducesthefermentationefficiency.

3.2Researchonethanolproductionafterdischarge

Ethanolproductionafterdischargeisakeyfactoraffectingtheoverallethanolyieldofstraw.Thefactorsthataffectethanolproductionafterdischargemainlyincludetheconcentrationofresidualsugar,theconcentrationoffermentationinhibitors,andtheconcentrationofethanolinthematerialafterdischarge.

Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheresidualsugarconcentrationandfermentationinhibitorconcentrationhaveasignificantimpactontheethanolproductionafterdischarge.Whentheresidualsugarconcentrationistoohigh,thefermentationeffectispoor,andtheethanolproductionafterdischargeislow.Whentheconcentrationoffermentationinhibitorsistoohigh,thefermentationreactionisinhibited,andtheethanolproductionafterdischargeisalsolow.Inaddition,theconcentrationofethanolinthematerialafterdischargeisalsoanimportantfactoraffectingtheethanolproductionafterdischarge.Whentheconcentrationofethanolinthematerialafterdischargeishigh,theethanolproductionafterdischargeisalsohigh.

4.Conclusion

Throughthestudyofmaterialdynamicheatandethanolproductionoffermentedstrawcrushingmaterialsintherotarydrum,itisfoundthatmaterialhumidity,crushingsize,ventilationrate,residualsugarconcentration,fermentationinhibitorconcentrationandethanolconcentrationafterdischargeareallkeyfactorsaffectingthefermentationefficiencyandethanolproductionofstrawintherotarydrum.Inordertoimprovetheethanolyieldofstraw,itisnecessarytooptimizethefermentationconditionsandcontroltheabovefactorseffectively.TheresultsofthisstudyprovideascientificbasisforimprovingtheethanolproductionofstrawandexploringnewtechniquestosolvetheenergycrisisandenvironmentalproblemsInadditiontooptimizingfermentationconditionsandcontrollingkeyfactors,itisalsoimportanttoselectsuitablestrainsforfermentation.Differentstrainsofmicroorganismshavevaryingabilitiestofermentdifferentsubstrates,andtheuseofastrainwithahighethanolyieldcansignificantlyimprovetheefficiencyofethanolproduction.

Furthermore,theuseofpretreatmentmethodssuchassteamexplosionoracidhydrolysiscanimprovetheaccessibilityofthesubstratetothemicroorganismsandincreasetheyieldoffermentablesugars,thusincreasingtheethanolproduction.Addingsupplementarynutrientssuchasnitrogenandvitaminscanalsoenhancetheactivityofthemicroorganismsandpromotefermentation.

Overall,theproductionofethanolfromstrawisacomplexprocessthatrequirescarefuloptimizationandcontrolofvariousfactors.However,withthedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesandtheincreasingdemandforrenewableenergysources,thereisgreatpotentialfortheproductionofethanolfromstrawtobecomeanimportantandsustainablesolutiontotheenergyandenvironmentalchallengesofthefutureAnotheradvantageofproducingethanolfromstrawisitspotentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Asstrawisalreadyawasteproduct,itsuseasafeedstockforethanolproductionreducestheamountofagriculturalwastethatwouldotherwisecontributetogreenhousegasemissions.Furthermore,thefermentationprocessgenerateslesscarbondioxidethanfossilfuels,meaningthatreplacingfossilfuelswithethanolproducedfromstrawcanreducegreenhousegasemissionsandcontributetothefightagainstclimatechange.

Inadditiontoitsenvironmentalbenefits,theproductionofethanolfromstrawcanalsohaveeconomicadvantages.Theavailabilityofstrawasafeedstockmeansthatthereispotentiallyalow-costandabundantsourceofethanol,whichcouldprovideasustainableandreliablesourceofenergyforbothindustrialanddomesticuse.Furthermore,thecultivationofbioenergycropssuchasstrawcancreatejobsinruralareasandcontributetolocaleconomicdevelopment.

Whilethereareclearadvantagestoproducingethanolfromstraw,therearealsosomechallengestoovercome.Onemajorissueisthatstrawcontainsahighleveloflignin,acomplexcompoundthatmakesitdifficulttoextractthesugarsneededforfermentation.Therefore,processesforbreakingdowntheligninandreleasingthesugarsneedtobedevelopedandoptimizedtomaximizetheefficiencyofethanolproductionfromstraw.

Anotherchallengeisthepotentialimpactofusingstrawasafeedstockonsoilhealthandnutrientcycling.Asstrawistypicallyleftonthefieldafterharvesting,itcontributestosoilorganicmatterandnutrientcycling.Therefore,theremovalofstrawforethanolproductioncouldpotentiallyhavenegativeimpactsonsoilhealthandagriculture.However,therearestrategiesformitigatingtheseimpacts,suchasleavingsomestrawonthefield,applyingfertilizer,androtatingenergycropswithothercropstomaintainsoilfertility.

Inconclusion,theproductionofethanolfromstrawhasthepotentialtoprovideasustainableandrenewablesourceofenergywhilealsoreducinggreenhousegasemissionsandcontributingtoeconomicdevelopment.Whiletherearesomechallengestoovercomeintermsofoptimizingtheproductionprocessandmitigatingpotentialnegativeimpactsonsoilhealth,thecontinueddevelopmentofnewtechnologiesandstrategiescanmakeethanolfromstrawanincreasinglyviableandimportantsolutionforthefutureofenergyproductionOneoftheprimaryadvantagesofproducingethanolfromstrawisthatitutilizesawasteproductthatisotherwiselargelyunused.Strawisabyproductofcerealgrainproductionandistypicallyeithercompostedorburnedaspartofagriculturalwastemanagement.Byconvertingitintoethanol,thisotherwisewastedresourcecanbeputtouseasasustainableandrenewablefuelsource.

Ethanolisalsoacleanerburningfuelthantraditionalgasoline,whichcanhelptoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandimproveairquality.Thisisparticularlyimportantasglobaleffortstomitigateclimatechangecontinuetogrow.

Additionally,theproductionofethanolfromstrawcancontributetoeconomicdevelopment,particularlyinruralareaswhereagricultureisaprimaryindustry.Farmerscanselltheirleftoverstrawasafeedstockforethanolproduction,providinganadditionalsourceofincome.Thedevelopmentofnewtechnologyandinfrastructureforenhancingtheproductionofethanolfromstrawmayalsoleadtonewjobopportunitiesinrelatedindustries.

However,therearesomechallengestoconsiderwhenitcomestotheproductionofethanolfromstraw.Onepotentialissueisthatstrawremovalcanhaveanegativeimpactonsoilhealthbyreducingsoilorganicmatterandnutrientlevels.Thiscanleadtodecreasedsoilfertilityandincreasederosionrisk.Itisthereforeimportanttoimplementsustainableagriculturalpracticesinconjunctionwithstrawethanolproductiontoe