全成人高考英語(yǔ)核心考點(diǎn)詳解

成人高考英語(yǔ)核心考點(diǎn)詳解考點(diǎn)1:語(yǔ)音開(kāi)音節(jié).以不發(fā)音的元音字母e結(jié)尾。例如：mike,same,gate.以輔音+發(fā)音的元音字母結(jié)尾。例如：she,me,so開(kāi)音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則：元音字母在開(kāi)音節(jié)中一般讀它的字母音。閉音節(jié)以一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音字母（r除外）結(jié)尾，而又只包含一個(gè)元音字母的音節(jié)稱為閉音節(jié)，如：at,but,am,back等。閉音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則：元音字母在閉音節(jié)中讀所規(guī)定的短元音。a/ae/e/e/i（y）/i/o/o/口/八/或/口/元音字母的讀音元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音a讀作/a/again/a'gen/ago/Mgau/vacation/Vkeijn/woman/1woman/breakfast/brekfas/a+輔音字母+無(wú)聲字母e，讀/i/village/iv111d3/comrade/komreid/palace/p無(wú)lis/e讀作/a/或/i/excellent/'eksalant/silent/'sailant/open/'aopan/exam/ig〃無(wú)m/sentence/'sentans/problem/'problam/decide/di'said/e在前綴和后綴中讀/i/behind/bi'haind/wanted/'wontid/actress/'無(wú)ktris/exam/ig'z無(wú)m/decide/di'saiid/repeat/ri'pi:t/?丫)讀作/作或4/lily/'lili/city/'siti/satisfy/'s無(wú)tisfai/4)o讀作/a/或/o/bottom/'botam/common/'koman/second/'sekand/o在詞尾的非重讀音節(jié)中常讀/au/radio/'reidiao/potato/pteitao/piano/pi'無(wú)nao/5)u讀作/a/,/ju/autumn/b:tam/support/sa'po:t/occupy/'dkjupa1/其他常見(jiàn)字母組合在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音-tion,-sion,-ssion讀作/Jh/或/Jan/production/pra'dAkJh/sectiorl/ekjn/nation/'neiJn/version/'va:Jn/impression/im'preJn/常見(jiàn)元音字母組合的讀音ar讀作/a:/如:car/ka:/hard/ha:d/park/pa:k/or讀作/o:/如：horse/ho:s/sport/spo:t/north/no:0/er,ir,ur均讀作/a:/如:term/ta:m/shirt/Ja:t/burn/ba:n/ee讀作/i:/如:feel/fi:l/sleep/sli:p/see/si:/ea讀作/匕/如：meat/mi:t/peace/pi:s/clean/kli:n/ei,ie讀作/i:/如:field/fi:ld/deceive/di'si:v/piece/pi:s/ear讀作/ia/或/ea/(/ia/tear/tia/hear/hia(r)/year/jia(r)/)(/ea/wear/wea(r)/bear/bea(r)/pear/pea(r)/)ear后有輔音時(shí)讀作：/3：/(learn/l3：n/early/匕:「］/)ew,eu讀作：/ju:/new/nju:/few/fju:/feudal/ifju:dl/neutral/lnju:trsl/au,augh,aw讀作/o：/cause/ko:z/daughter/ido:ta(r)/saw/so:/ig,igh讀作/ai/bright/brait/high/hai/sign/sai=in/ai,ay讀作/ei/play/plei/way/wei/main/mein/ind讀作/aind，mind/maind/kind/kaind/find/faind/ou讀作/au，或/a/house/haos/about/abaut/sound/saond/al讀作/o：/或/o：l/talk/to:或walk/wo:k/ball/bo:l/oi,oy讀作/oi，voice/vois/point/point/joy/dsoi/ia,ie,io讀作/aia/dialogue/'daialog/quiet/kwaiat/violence/ivaislans/oo讀作/u:，，有時(shí)也讀作/u/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/good/god/oo后面為K時(shí)，讀作/u/book/bok/look/lok/oor,oar讀作/o：/board/bo:d/floor/flo:(r)/door/do:(r)/oa讀作/au/road/raod/coat/kot/loadSlod/ow讀作/au/或/au/know/nao/grow/gao/now/nao/our讀作/□:/或/aus/pour/po:(r)/course/ko:s/our/aos/ough讀作/□:/bought/bo:t/thought/0o:t/owe讀作/aus/flower/flaos（r）/power/'paos（r）/tower/Yaos（r）/字母在單詞中不發(fā)音的規(guī)則，一般有下列14條：.字母b在字母t之前如：debt[det]（欠債）.字母b在字母m之后如：comb[ksom]（梳子）.字母c在字母s之后如：muscle['mAsl]（肌肉）.字母d在詞尾-dge中如：bridge[brids]（橋）.字母g在字母n之前如：sign[sain]（標(biāo)記）.字母gh在t之前如：fight[fait](打).字母h在r之后如:rhythem['riem]（節(jié)奏）.字母h在詞首ex-之后如：exhibition[eksi'bijn]（展覽會(huì)）.字母h在詞首gh中如：ghost[gaust]（鬼）.字母k在字母n之前如：knee[ni:]（膝）.字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ould中如：talk[to:k]（談話）half[ha：f]（一半）calm[ka：m]（平靜）could[kud]（能）.字母n在詞尾-mn中如：autumn[b:tam]（秋天）.字母t在詞尾-sten,-stlet和-ften中如：listen['lisn](聽(tīng))castle['ka:sl](城堡)soften['sofn](軟化).字母w在字母r之前如：wrong[ro口](錯(cuò))考查元音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音A.penaltyB.momentC.quarrelD.absent(A)A.sympathyB.materialC.courageD.analysis(C)A.vitalB.silentC.collideD.fierce(D)A.uncleB.productC.ruralD.ugly(C)考查元音字母組合在單詞中的發(fā)音A.taughtB.caughtC.laughD.fault(C)A.measureB.deadlineC.heatD.feather(C)考查輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音A.reviseB.consistC.advertiseD.visit(B)A.receptionB.receiptC.captureD.concept(B)考查其他字母組合的發(fā)音A.donkeyB.turkeyC.moneyD.obey(D)A.starvationB.suggestionC.satisfactionD.situation(B)A.slowB.showerC.flowerD.how(A)第二部分詞匯與語(yǔ)法詞匯與語(yǔ)法部分，總共15小題，每題1分，共15分.如果能掌握以下這些主要內(nèi)容，至少能得6-8分。在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，要注意多積累相關(guān)詞匯和語(yǔ)法的使用?？键c(diǎn)1:名詞一、名詞的意義和分類名詞是表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的詞，如：desk,computer,sky,pen等名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。專有名詞是指具體的人、事物、地點(diǎn)或機(jī)構(gòu)的專有名稱，如China,NewYork等。普通名詞是指表示某類人或某類事物的名稱。普通名詞又分為：二、名詞的數(shù)(一)名詞分兩類:.可數(shù)名詞（countablenoun）能用數(shù)目計(jì)算的事物和概念的名詞如：deskbookcomputerapple.不可數(shù)名詞（uncountablenoun）不能用數(shù)目計(jì)算的事物或者抽象概念的名詞waterrainsunshinecoffee（二）可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分：apple-applespencil-pencilstomato-tomatoes不可數(shù)名詞，無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)，只用單數(shù)表示salt-saltcoffee-coffeewater-water（三）名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則：.一般末尾加上后綴-sgirl-girlsfriend-friends.以s、z、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的詞，在該詞末尾加上后綴-esbus-busesquiz-quizzes（小型考試）fox-foxesmatch-matchesflash-flashes.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y變?yōu)閕,再加-escandy-candiesfactory-factories.以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，加-estomato-tomatoeshero-heroespotato-potatoes但是，如果-o結(jié)尾的這個(gè)名詞是屬于外來(lái)詞，則直接加-sphoto-photospiano-pianosradio-radios.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，一般要把冒“或者“fe”變v，再加-eslife-livesleaf-leaveswife-wives.少數(shù)不規(guī)則的名詞變化形式man-menwoman-womenfoot-feettooth-teeth(四)可數(shù)名詞前可加a(an)或量詞apple-anapple-apples-aboxofapplestomato-atomato-tomatoes-abagoftomatoes不可數(shù)名詞前不可加a(an),沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可以加量詞coffee-acupofcoffee英語(yǔ)中常用"of“詞組來(lái)表示數(shù)量。of前面表示數(shù)量的名詞，根據(jù)情況用單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)。of后面如是不可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)；如是可數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)acupofteatwoglassesofmilkthreebasketofapplesoneboxofeggs考點(diǎn)2:冠詞（一）不定冠詞不定冠詞有兩種形式：a和ana用于輔音（不一定是輔音字母）開(kāi)頭的名詞前，如：ateacher/university/housean用于元音（不一定是元音字母）開(kāi)頭的名詞前，如：anapple/hour/egg/orange不定冠詞的用法：.表示某類人或事物當(dāng)中的一個(gè)，如：Herbrotherisacollegestudent..表示數(shù)量：即表示數(shù)量“一”，如：Ayearisdividedintotwelvemonths..表示同一性，說(shuō)明事物的同一特征，大小，程度或性質(zhì)。如：Thishatandthatoneareofashape.指事物的單位，相當(dāng)于everyany,如：Shekeptonwritingtoherparentsonceamonth不定冠詞的常見(jiàn)詞組搭配：alotof;agoodmany;asaresult;asamatteroffact定冠詞the的常見(jiàn)用法：.特指某人或某物時(shí)⑴特指上文已提過(guò)的人或物。如：Hecameacrossanoldfriendinashop.Thefriendwasnowageneralmanager.⑵特指雙方都知道的人或物。如：Didyouparkthecaratthecorner?(3)特指形容詞最高級(jí)、比較級(jí)所修飾的某個(gè)確定的人或物。如：Hechosethebiggerorange,butshechosethesmallestone..世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞及樂(lè)器名詞前。如：Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.Doyouliketoplaythepianoortheviolin?.the+形容詞，表示一類人或物。如：theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor,thesick如：Hestolefromtherichtogivetothepoor..the+姓氏s，表示一家人或一對(duì)夫婦。如：theGreens,theSmiths,theZhangs,theCuries（居里夫婦）零冠詞的用法：.用在學(xué)科、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)或游戲名稱前：Englishislearnedinmosthighschool.Theyenjoyplayingbasketballintheafternoon.Theoldareplayingchessunderthetree..一日三餐前（但如其前后有形容詞或從句、短語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)加冠詞）Weusuallygotoschoolafterbreakfastatseven.（比較：HowdoyoulikethedinnerMr.Jackprepared?）.星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日等名詞前（但月份、季節(jié)等詞前后如有限制性定語(yǔ)修飾表示特定時(shí)間時(shí)，其前加the）TodayisWednesday.October1isNationalDay.考點(diǎn)3:代詞代詞：代替人或事物的名詞人稱代詞：主格代詞：I,he,she,it,you,we,they.Iamateacher..Heisateacher..Youareteachers.賓格代詞：me,him,her,it,you,us,them（放在動(dòng)詞后面