江蘇省英語高考考試說明詞匯講解

2018江蘇省英語高考考試說明詞匯講解1.acquisitionn.①theactofgettingsth,especiallyknowledge,askill獲得，得到secondlanguageacquisition.②somethingthatsbbuystoaddwhattheyalreadyown,usuallysthvaluableHislatestacquisitionisaracehouse.2.airmailn.航空郵遞3.altituden.theheightabovesealevel海拔；海拔高度athighaltitude4.amateurn.apersonwhotakespartinasportorotheractivityforenjoyment,notasajob.業(yè)余愛好者；業(yè)余運動員Thetournamentisopentobothamateuresandprofessions.adj.業(yè)余愛好的amateurathletics5.appendixn.書或文件的附錄6.assurev.使確信；向…保證YouthinkIdiddeliberately,butIassureyouthatIdidnot.7.awakeadj.醒著tobehalf/fullyawake/keep…awakev.醒來/喚起；被喚起/察覺到；意識到；醒悟到Ittookhersometimetoawaketothedangerofhersituation.8.bookletn.小冊子9.bouncev.①使彈起，彈跳；反射Theballbouncedtwicebeforehecouldreachit.Shortsoundwavesbounceoffevensmallobjects.②tojumpupanddown.Shebouncedupanddownexcitedlyonthebed.bebouncingoffthewalls精力充沛待不?。患拥碾y以平靜10.buffetn.自助餐；快餐部11.captionn.wordsthatareprintedunderneathapicture,cartoonthatexplainordescribeit.說明文字/字幕12.clientn.①委托人；當事人；客戶②連接在服務(wù)器上的客戶機13.collapsev.①建筑物突然倒塌，坍塌Theroofcollapsedundertheweightofsnow.②病人尤指因病重而倒下，昏倒，暈倒Hecollapsedinthestreetanddiedtwohourslater.③tofailsuddenlyorcompletely突然失敗；崩潰；瓦解=breakdown.Tplicatedadj.復(fù)雜的；難懂的Theinstructionslookverycomplicated.15.considerableadj.greatinamount,size,importance相當多、大、重要等Theprojectwastedaconsiderableamountoftimeandmoney.16.crackv.①因壓力吃不消，崩潰，瓦解Thingsareterribleatworkandpeoplearecrackingunderthestrai②找到解決難題等的方法tocracktheenemy’scode/ahard/toughnuttocrack③crackdownon竭力取締；嚴厲打擊；鎮(zhèn)壓Policearecrackingdownondrugdealers.getcracking立即大干起來notall,everythingsb’scrackeduptobe不像人們說的那么好crackonwithsth為盡快完成而努力干；急速經(jīng)過，穿過；快速繼續(xù)下去crackup因壓力造成身體或精神垮掉，崩潰cracksbup使大笑起來17.crisisn.危機；危急關(guān)頭financialcrisis復(fù)數(shù)：crises18.dampadi.潮濕的；微濕的；濕氣重的adampsquib令人失望的事；令人掃興的事n.潮濕；潮氣；濕氣；濕塊19.definev.①解釋；給…下定義Theterm“mentalillness”ishardtodefine.②闡明；明確；界定It’sdifficulttodefinewhatmakeshimsopopular.Thedifficultyofaproblemwasdefinedintermsofhowlongittooktocomplete.20.demandingadj.①needingalotofskill,patience,effortetc.要求高的；需要高技能或耐性的；費力的Theworkisphysicallydemanding.②要求極嚴的；苛求的；難滿足的ademandingboss/child21.depressionn.①astateoffeelingverysadandwithouthope抑郁；沮喪；消沉Therewasafeelingofgloomanddepressionintheofficewhennewsofjobcutswasannoun②蕭條期；經(jīng)濟衰退；不景氣Thecountrywasintheeconomicdepression.depressedadj.抑郁的；沮喪的；意志消沉的/不景氣的；蕭條的；經(jīng)濟困難的22.dictationn.口述/聽寫23.disciplinen.①訓(xùn)練；訓(xùn)導(dǎo)；紀律；風(fēng)紀Theschoolhasareputationforhighstandardsofdiscipline.②theabilitytocontrolyourbehaviourorthewayyoulive,work.自制力；遵守紀律Hewillnevergetanywhereworkingforhimselfhehasgotnodiscipline.v.①懲罰；處罰Theofficersweredisciplinedforusingracistlanguage.②自我控制；嚴格要求自己Hedisciplinedhimselftoexerciseatleastthreetimesaweek.24.domesticadj.①本國的；國內(nèi)的domesticaffairs/politics/flightsforeignflights家用的；家庭的；家務(wù)的domesticviolence/service家庭暴力/家政服務(wù)馴養(yǎng)的；作寵物飼養(yǎng)的；非野生的25.drownv.①淹死，溺死Twochildrendrownedafterfallingintotheriver.Hehadattemptedtorescuethedrowningman.②壓過；蓋沒；淹沒Sheturneduptheradiotodrownoutthenoisefromnextdoor.③drownyourfears/loneliness/sorrows借酒壯膽，解寂寞，澆愁等26.drumn.鼓beat/bangthedrumforsb/sth竭力鼓吹，搖旗吶喊27.efficientadj.doingsthwellandthoroughlywithnowastetime,moneyorenergy效率高的；有功效的theefficientuseofenergy注意：inefficientefficiencyefficiently28.elementn.①要素；基本部分；典型部分akeyelement②基本原理，基礎(chǔ)，綱要Hetaughtmetheelementsofmap-reading.③電器元件29.entitlev.①使享有資格；使符合資格entitlesbtosthYouwillbeentitledtoyourpensionwhenyoureach65.entitesbtodosthThisticketdoesnotentitleyoutotravelfirstclass.②給…命名或提名Hereadapoementitled“Salt”n.entitlement權(quán)利，資格/有權(quán)得到的東西；應(yīng)得的數(shù)額/政府津貼制30.equatev.equatesthwithsth同等看待；使等同于Someparentsequateeducationwithexamsuccess.equatetosth相當于；等于31.even①adv.強調(diào)出乎意料甚至，連，即使Heneverevenopenedtheletter.②adj.=equalequalorthesameforeachperson,teamplaceetc.Ourscoresarenoweven.平滑的；平/變化不大的，均勻的，平穩(wěn)的/相等的；均等的/均衡的；不相上下的；同一水平的/勻稱的；均勻的；同樣大小的/鎮(zhèn)靜的；穩(wěn)重的；平和的，溫和的32.exceptionn.例外noexception/NobodyhadmuchmoneyatthetimeandIwasnoexception.33.exhibitionn.展覽品/展覽；展出/表現(xiàn)，顯示，表演34.faxn.傳真機/傳真/傳真信件；傳真電文v.傳真信件文檔等。35.feature①n.特色；特征；特點Teamworkisakeyfeatureofthetrainingprogramme.②v.以…為特征；是…的特征tohaveorincludesomeoneorsomethingasanimportantpartThebuildingfeaturesastate–of-the-artsecuritysystem.Thenewmenufeaturesseverallow-fatentrée.(主菜)36.fibre=fibern.食物中的纖維素/織物或繩等纖維制品/纖維37.filen.文件夾；卷宗/文件/檔案/38.garmentn.一件衣服39.gluen.膠；膠水v.用膠水粘合，粘牢，粘貼Shegluedthelabelontothebox.①begluedtosth:togiveallyourattentiontosth;tostayveryclosetosth全神貫注看著某物；離某物很近。Hereyesweregluedtothescreen.②gluedtothespot:notabletomove,forexamplebecauseyouarefrightenedorsurprised動彈不得；嚇呆了；驚呆了40.goose/geesen.鵝/傻瓜；笨蛋41.guardn.警衛(wèi)/看守/衛(wèi)兵/保衛(wèi)v.toprotectproperty,placesorpeoplefromattackordanger.警衛(wèi)；守衛(wèi)；保衛(wèi)Youcan’tgetin;thewholeplaceisguarded.42.handkerchiefn.手帕；紙巾43.hurrah=hooray:usedtoshowthatyouarehappyorthatyouapproveofsth表示快樂或贊同/好極了；好啊44.illustratev.①tomakethemeaningofsthclearlybyusingexamples,pictures,etc.用示例，圖畫等說明解釋。Here’sanexampletoillustratewhatImean.②toshowthatsthistrueorthatasituationexists表明…真實；顯示…存在=demonstrateTheincidentillustratestheneedforbettersecuritymeasure.45.implyv.tosuggestthatsthistrueorthatyoufeelorthinksth,withoutsayingsodirectly.暗示；暗指46.inflationn.通貨膨脹thefightagainstrisinginflation47.installv.安裝；設(shè)置；建立程序Iwillneedsomehelpinstallingthesoftware.48.insultv.tosayordosththatoffendssb辱罵；侮辱；冒犯Ihaveneverbeensoinsultedinmylife.49.insurancen.保險life/car/travel/householdinsurance50.insurev.投保；給…保險Wingfromwithinathingitselfratherthanfromoutsideit本身的；自身的;內(nèi)部的opp:erpretv.①toexplainthemeaningofsth闡釋；說明Thestudentswereaskedtointerpretthepoem.Idon’tknowwhethertointerprethersilenceasacceptanceorrefusal.(把…理解為；領(lǐng)會)②toperformapieceofmusic,aroleinaplay,inawaythatshowsyourfeelingsaboutitsmea演繹Herpretation理解；解釋；說明/演繹；演奏方式；表演方式ninterptreter口譯工作者；口譯譯員/演繹音樂戲劇中人物等的人53.investv.①投資Thegovernmenthasinvestedheavilyinpublictransport.②投入時間精力等Shehadinvestedallheradultlifeintherelationship.n.investmentTheprojecthasdemandedconsiderableinvestmentoftimeandeffort.54.iron.n.鐵/鐐銬haveseveralironsinthefire同時有好幾事要做；廣泛撒網(wǎng)v.熨，燙平toironthatdress55.issuen.①問題；擔(dān)憂Ifyouhaveanyissues,pleasecallthisnumber.②報刊的一期；期號theJulyissueof。。。v.togivesthtosb,especiallyofficially正式發(fā)給；供給Workpermitswereissuedtoonly5%ofthosewhoappliedforthem.56.itemn.①項目What’sthenextitemontheagenda?②asinglearticleorobject一件商品或物品CanIpayeachitemseparately?57.jointadj.聯(lián)合的；共同的ajointeffort共同努力的結(jié)果58.junctionn.公路或鐵路的交叉路口，匯合處，樞紐站；電纜的主接點；河流的匯合處；結(jié)合點59.justifyv.①toshowthatsb/sthisrightorreasonable證明…正確或正當，有理Howcantheyjustifypayingsuchhugesalaries?Hersuccesshadjustifiedthefaithherteachershadputinher.②togiveanexplanationorexcuseforsthorfordoingsth對…作出解釋；為…辯解或辯護ThePrimeMinisterhasbeenaskedtojustifythedecisiontoParliament.60.keenadj.①wantingtodosthorwantingsthtohappenverymuch渴望；熱切；熱衷于Johnwasverykeentohelp.②bekeenondoingsth喜愛；著迷；有興趣Sheisnotkeenonbeingtoldwhattodo.61.kettlen.壺，水壺anelectrickettle電水壺62.laptopn.筆記本電腦；便攜式電腦63.leasta,n,adv.notintheleast一點也不；絲毫不A:DoyoumindifIputtheTVon?：No,notintheleast.Batleast:notlessthan至少；不少于Cutthegrassatleastonceaweekinsummer.64.licensen.anofficialdocumentthatshowsthatpermissionhasbeengiventodo,ownorusesth①許可證；執(zhí)照adrivinglicense駕駛執(zhí)照alicenseforthesoftware軟件許可證Youneedalicensetofishinthisriver.65.literallyadv.①字面意義的WhenItoldyoutogetlostIdidn’texpecttobetakenliterally.強調(diào)事實可能令人驚訝真正地，確實地Thereareliterallyhundredsofprizestowin.簡直.Iliterallyjumpedoutofmyskin.注意：literaryadj.文學(xué)的；文學(xué)上的literarycriticism文學(xué)評論66.littern.在公共場所亂扔的垃圾，廢棄物，雜物。v.使亂七八糟；使凌亂Pilesofbooksandnewspaperslitteredthefloor.67.loungen.等候室；休息室；起居室68.marginn.頁邊空白；白邊theleft-hand/right-handmargin左右頁邊onthemarginsofsociety生活在社會邊緣的人69.marvellousadj.extremelygood;wonderful極好的，非凡的=fantastic,splendidIt’smarvellouswhatmoderntechnologycando.70.massiveadj.verylarge,heavyandsolid巨大的；大而重的；結(jié)實的amassiverock/hole/itaryadj.軍事的；軍隊的；武裝的militarytraining/intelligencen.themilitary軍人；軍隊；軍方72.minen.銅礦；鉆石礦；v.開礦，采礦Theywereminingforgold.73.miserableadj.veryunhappyoruncomfortable痛苦的；非常難受的；可憐的Ispentamiserableweekendaloneathome.74.miseryn.痛苦；悲慘=distressthemiseriesofunemployment失業(yè)的痛苦75.mugn.大杯；缸子；馬克杯amug’sgame徒勞無功的事；不易成功的事；不易獲利的事76.neglectv.nottogiveenoughattentiontosth忽略；忽視；不予重視；疏忽；疏漏Thebuildinghasbeenneglectedforyears.n.忽視；忽略；未被重視Thelawimposespenaltiesfortheneglectofchildren.77.neverthelessadv.盡管如此；不過；然而ThereislittlechancethatwewillsucceedinchangingthelaNevertheless,itisimportantthatwetry.78.nonsensen.①謬論；胡扯；胡言亂語Youaretalkingnonsense.②愚蠢的行為；冒失；不可接受的行為Thenewteacherwon’tstandforanynonsense.79.odd.adj.①strangeorunusual奇怪的；怪異的；反常的Theoddthingwasthathedidn’trecognizeme.②臨時的，偶爾的oddjobs雜活；零活80.omitv.刪除；忽略；漏掉；遺漏=leaveoutSheomittedtomentionthattheywerestayingthenight.81.oppositionn.①強烈的反對，反抗，對抗Delegatesexpressedstrongoppositiontotheplans.②事業(yè)，競賽，游戲等的對手，敵手，競爭者Theoppositionismountingastrongchallengetoourbusiness.82.ovaln.橢圓形adj.橢圓形的83.partv.離開；分別；分開Thepuppieswerepartedfromtheirmotheratbirth.Theelevatordoorspartedandoutsteppedthepresident.84.peachn.桃子，桃85.perfumen.香水86.postcoden.郵政編碼；郵編87.priorityn.①優(yōu)先事項；最重要的事；首要事情Ourfirstpriorityistoimprovestandards.②優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)Thesearchforanewvaccinewilltakepriorityoverallothermedicalofn.證據(jù)；證明adj.能抵御的；能防范；可防護rainproof/posaln.提議；建議；動議;求婚Hposev.建議；提議Itisproposedthatthepresidentbeelectedforaperiodoftwoyears.Hviding=provided(that)=ifconj.如果；假如；在…條件下Wewillbuyeverythingyouproduce,providedthepriceisright.92.reasonv.推理；推論；推斷Shereasonedthatshemusthaveleftherbagonthetrain.93.recitev.背誦，吟誦，朗誦；列舉；逐一講述94.revenuen.財政收入；稅收收入；收益Thecompany’sannualrevenuesrose30%.95.rewindv.重繞；倒帶；倒片96.saken.forthesakeof為了某人某事起見；因某人某事的緣故Thetranslationsacrificesnaturalnessforthesakeofaccuracy.Shegaveupsmokingforthesakeofherhealth.97.sausagen.香腸；臘腸98.scalen.①規(guī)模，范圍，程度Herewascorruptiononalargescale.Itwasimpossibletocomprehendthefullscaleofthedisaster.②標度；刻度Howmuchdoesitreadonthescale?99.schemen.計劃；方案；體系；體制tointroduce/operateascheme100.seriesn.一系列；連續(xù)；連接Theincidentsparkedoffawholeseriesofeventsthatnobodyhadforesee101.shiftv.①tomovesthfromonepositionorplacetoanother移動；挪動Sheshiftedherweightfromonefoottotheother.②改變觀點或態(tài)度，做事方式等Thenewpolicyshiftedtheemphasisawayfromfightinginflation.n.①改變；轉(zhuǎn)移；轉(zhuǎn)換；變換ashiftofemphasis②班；輪班；輪班工作時間tobeontheday/nightshiftatthefactory.102.signaturen.簽名；署名104.sinn.罪，罪惡，罪過ConfessyoursinstoGodandhewillforgiveyou.105.slapv.用手掌打拍摑Sheslappedhimhardacrosstheface.aslaponthewrist警告，輕微的懲罰106.snapv.拍照；攝影Apassingtouristsnappedtheincident.107.socketn.電源插座；插口；插孔；108.souradj.①酸的；有酸味的sourapples②notcheerful;bad-temperedandunpleasant陰郁的；悶悶不樂的，沒好氣的Themeetingendedonasournotewithseveralpeoplewalkingout.sourly沒好氣的109.spaden.鍬；鏟callaspadeaspade110.spoilv①破壞；搞壞；糟蹋；毀掉=ruin/Don’teattoomuchnuts—youwillspoilyourappetite.②溺愛；嬌慣；寵壞Shespoilsthosekidsofhers.111.spoonn.勺；匙；調(diào)羹112.spoonfuln.一勺的量113.stalln.貨攤，攤位，售貨亭amarketstall114.stockn.股票stockprices股票價格stockmarket證券交易；股市115.stockingn.長筒襪116.straitn.海峽；水道117.stretchv.①toputyourarmsorlegsoutstraightandcontractyourmuscles伸展；舒展Hestretchedandyawnedlazily.②伸手夠著/延伸；綿延/延續(xù)/足夠買或支付stretchout躺下通常為休息或睡覺（）118.stuffn.東西；物品119.submissionn.屈服；投降；歸順；提交；呈遞；提交文件，建議