全科中級輔導(dǎo)外科和急救

全科中級輔導(dǎo)外科和急救當前1頁，總共95頁。當前2頁，總共95頁。當前3頁，總共95頁。多根多處肋骨骨折——連枷胸形成當前4頁，總共95頁。當前5頁，總共95頁。當前6頁，總共95頁。當前7頁，總共95頁。兒童:頭面頸=9+(12-年齡）

雙下肢=46-(12-年齡）女性：雙側(cè)臀部=雙足=6%themegalleryCompanyLogo當前8頁，總共95頁。當前9頁，總共95頁。當前10頁，總共95頁。當前11頁，總共95頁。當前12頁，總共95頁。當前13頁，總共95頁。當前14頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前15頁，總共95頁。當前16頁，總共95頁。當前17頁，總共95頁。當前18頁，總共95頁。當前19頁，總共95頁。當前20頁，總共95頁。當前21頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前22頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前23頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前24頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前25頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前26頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前27頁，總共95頁。themegallery隱神經(jīng)鞘瘤當前28頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前29頁，總共95頁。themegalleryneurofibroma當前30頁，總共95頁。themegallerycapillaryhemangioma當前31頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前32頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前33頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前34頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前35頁，總共95頁。themegallerydermoidcyst

當前36頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前37頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前38頁，總共95頁。themegallerysebaceouscyst

當前39頁，總共95頁。themegallery當前40頁，總共95頁。themegalleryepidermoidcyst當前41頁，總共95頁。當前42頁，總共95頁。當前43頁，總共95頁。thyroidadenoma

當前44頁，總共95頁。papillarythyroidcarcinoma當前45頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前46頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前47頁，總共95頁。當前48頁，總共95頁。當前49頁，總共95頁。當前50頁，總共95頁。治療：乳房纖維腺瘤雖屬良性，但亦有惡變可能，一經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，應(yīng)予手術(shù)切除。CalcifiedFibroadenoamaFibroadenoma當前51頁，總共95頁。Breastcancercausing“orangepeel”skinintheleftbreastandthathasspreadtotheleftarmpit.Thisspreadhascausedalargelumpinthetailoftheleftbreast/leftarmpitregion.當前52頁，總共95頁。當前53頁，總共95頁。當前54頁，總共95頁。當前55頁，總共95頁。當前56頁，總共95頁。傳統(tǒng)張力手術(shù)(tensionoperation)無張力手術(shù)(tension-freeoperation)顯著地降低了手術(shù)后疝的復(fù)發(fā)率有效地減少了術(shù)后患者的不適感當前57頁，總共95頁。急性闌尾炎--病理SuppurativeappendicitisSimpleappendicitisGangrenousappendicitisAppendixperforation當前58頁，總共95頁。當前59頁，總共95頁。膽囊結(jié)石膽固醇結(jié)石含膽固醇為主，多呈橢圓形（單發(fā)者）或多面形（多發(fā)者），表面平滑或稍呈結(jié)節(jié)狀，淡灰色，質(zhì)硬，剖面呈放射狀線紋，X線平片上不顯影。此種結(jié)石多在膽囊內(nèi)。膽色素性結(jié)石以膽紅素為主要成分，多為泥沙樣，質(zhì)軟而脆，有的如泥團狀，有的如沙粒，為棕黑或棕紅色。大小不等，因含鈣少，X線平片上多不顯影。多在肝內(nèi)、外膽管中。當前60頁，總共95頁。當前61頁，總共95頁。當前62頁，總共95頁。當前63頁，總共95頁。(forty,fat.female,fruitful4F)themegalleryCompanyLogo當前64頁，總共95頁。當前65頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前66頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前67頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前68頁，總共95頁。當前69頁，總共95頁。當前70頁，總共95頁。當前71頁，總共95頁。當前72頁，總共95頁。當前73頁，總共95頁。（A）病人站立，大腿上1/3扎上止血帶；（B）交替伸屈膝關(guān)節(jié)10余次或行走；（C）靜脈曲張益形明顯，小腿脹痛，即為深靜脈通暢試驗陽性當前74頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前75頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前76頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogo當前77頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogoThisisarenalcellcarcinomaarisinginthelowerpoleofthekidney.Itisfairlycircumscribed.Thecutsurfacedemonstratesavariegatedappearancewithyellowishareas,whiteareas,brownareas,andhemorrhagicredareas.Thoughtheseneoplasmsareusuallyslow-growing,theycanoftenreachaconsiderablesizebeforedetectionbecausethereisalotofroomtoenlargeintheretroperitoneum,andthereisanotherkidneytoproviderenalfunction.Thus,presentingsymptomsandsignsusuallyincludeflankpain,masseffect,andhematuria.當前78頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogoThisisamuchmoreadvancedrenalcellcarcinomainvolvingtheleftkidney(top).Noticeahugemassofnecroticyellowishbrownmaterialreplacingthelowerpoleofthekidney.Alsonoticethatthevenacavainthecenterofthepictureisfilledwithtumor.Thisistypicalofthisneoplasm.Intheupperpoleofthiskidneyisawellcircumscribedtumorwhichhasayellowish-browncolorandshowscentralnecrosis.Thisisarenalcellcarcinoma.當前79頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogo當前80頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogo當前81頁，總共95頁。膀胱癌Tis膀胱癌Ta-1膀胱癌臨床分類分期當前82頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogo膀胱癌臨床分類分期膀胱癌T2-3膀胱癌T4當前83頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogo當前84頁，總共95頁。CompanyLogo膀胱腫瘤治療手術(shù)治療為主。（一）表淺膀胱腫瘤原位癌細胞分化不良、已經(jīng)有浸潤的應(yīng)及早行膀胱全切術(shù)；細胞分化良好的可行經(jīng)尿道手術(shù)。（二）浸潤性膀胱腫瘤1、分化良好、局限的T2期腫瘤可行經(jīng)尿道手術(shù)。2、一般根據(jù)腫瘤浸潤范圍、大小、數(shù)目選擇膀胱全切術(shù)或膀胱部分切除術(shù)，部分切除范圍應(yīng)包括距離腫瘤2cm以內(nèi)的全層膀胱壁。3、膀胱全切術(shù)后的尿流改道4、浸潤性腫瘤的新輔助化療：MVAC方案，若結(jié)合髂內(nèi)動脈埋泵化療效果更佳（三）膀胱腫瘤術(shù)后的隨訪術(shù)后每周一次膀胱灌注化療共8次，后改每月一次，總共持續(xù)1年。術(shù)后每3個月復(fù)查膀胱鏡。當前85頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前86頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前87頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前88頁，總共95頁。themegalleryCompanyLogo當前89頁，總共95頁。themegallery