高中賓語從句教案及歷年真題詳解

賓語從句

TheObjectClause

1.I_knowhim.（簡單句）

主語謂語賓語

2.Iknowwhoheis.（復(fù)雜句）

主語謂語連詞從句主語從句謂語

主句從句

3.賓語從句的概念：

賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語

4,句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

主句+連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句

一、連詞(引導(dǎo)詞)

1.當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時(包括肯定句和否定句)，連詞由典引導(dǎo)，因為that

在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省

略

?LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

?Shesays(that)shewon'ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.

*Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.

?Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.

在主句為動詞be加某些形容詞(如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等)作表語時，后面

所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句

?Fmsorry(that)Idon'tknow.

?We'resure(that)ourteamwillwin.

?I'mafraid(that)hewon'tpasstheexam.

2.當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)(口語中常用if),因

為if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略

?Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.

?Let'sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.

?Sheaskedmeif/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.

3.當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞(what,who,whom,which,whose)

或連接副詞(when,where,how,why)引導(dǎo)，因為連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中

擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一?定的意義，所以不可以省略

?Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?

?Idon'trememberwhenwearrived.

?IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.

?Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.

?Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?

帶how的詞組也都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句

?CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?

?Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?

Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?

*Idon'tknowhowfaritistothecinema.

?Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?

*Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?

Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.

二、時態(tài)

1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)（包括一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從

句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定，（包括一?般現(xiàn)在時，一般過

?去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時等）Iknowheliveshere.

?Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.

?Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.

2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一?般過去時，過去進行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一

定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，

過去完成時）

?Iknewwholivedhere.

*Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.

?Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.

*Hesaidthathehadseenit.

3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時用一般現(xiàn)在時。

*Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.

三、語序

賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：

連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分

1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.

Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?

Idon'tknowwhathewantstobuy.

Idon'tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.

3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet?

Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet?

4.DoesheknowFrench?

Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.

Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.

5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?

They'renotsureif/whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer.

They'renotsureif/whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer.

1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?

Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?

2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyearsJimtoldLinTao.

JimtoldLinTao（that）Mr.SmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.

3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.

PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.

4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday'sclass.

Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday'sclass.

注意事項

1.could/would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情

況用不同時態(tài)。

?Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?

?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?

?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?

2.如果主句的謂語動詞是ask時，連詞不可能是that；如果主句的謂語動詞是say

時，連詞用that

*Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageon

hisdesk.

?Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareof

thechild.

*HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.

?Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.

3.如果從句中含有or或ornot時，只能用whether而不用if

?Couldyoutellmewhetherthat'safasttrainornot?

*Doyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?

?Idon'tcarewhetherhe'Hstayhereornot.

4.連詞if和when在不同從句中的區(qū)別：

Doyouknowifbacknextweek?Ifheback,pleaseletmeknow.

A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comes

C.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome

主句從句

i般將來時

祈使句一般現(xiàn)在時

含有情態(tài)動詞

1.1don'tknowwhenhe(come).

2.1can'twaithereanymore.Whenhe(come),

3.Wouldyoupleaseaskhim(call)me?

5.連詞+賓語從句連詞+todo

?Idon'tknowwhatIshalldonext.

?Idon'tknowwhattodonext.

?Shedidn'tdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.

?Shedidn'tdecidewhichonetochoose.

*Pleasetellmewhomyou'llgivetheletterto.

?Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.

一?選擇。

1.Theyoungmanaskedifssummerorwinter.

A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether

2.Wedon'tknowtheydidit.

A.howB.whoC.whatD.which

3.TheteacherasksusJimcancomebackontime.

A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknowwewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.

A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that

5.1wonderheiscryingnow.

A.thatB.whyC.howD.when

6.HaveyoufoundoutwecandoonHainanIsland?

A.whatB.howC.ifD.whether

7.Lilysaidshehadfinishedhercomposition.

A.ifB.thatC.whenD.where

8.1don'tknowhestillliveshere.

A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether

9.Couldyoushowme?

A.howcanIgettothestation

B.whereisthestation

C.howIcouldgettothestation

D.howIcanreachthestation

10.Pleasetellme.

A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslike

C.whathelikesD.whathelike

11.Mysistertoldhim.

A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrived

C.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive

12.Couldyoutellmewherewenextweek.

A.wouldgoB.togo

C.hadtogoD.willgo

13.CouldyoutellmehowmuchtoflytoHainan?

A.doitcostB.doesitcost

C.itcostD.itcosts

14.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow.

A.whatistheirstockingsin

B.whatisintheirstockings

C.whereistheirstockingsin

D.whatintheirstockings

.15.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee.

A.whoisheB.whoheis

C.whoisitD.whoitis

16.Couldyoutellmehowlong?

A.youhaveboughtthewatch

B.youhavekeptthissciencebook

C.haveyoubeenawayfromChina

D.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina

17Hesaysthatifittomorrow,hefishing.

A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgo

C.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgo

二、正確形式填空。

1.Couldyoutellmeifthey(work)inthefactorysofar.

2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun(rise)ineast?

3.Whathe(say)justnow?

I(notcanhear)him.

----He(say)thathe(plant)treeswithhisparentsyesterday.

4.Canyoutellmewhen(leave)tomorrow?

5.Didhesaythattheirparents

(come)heretomorrow.

6.Hetoldmetwoweeks(be)enough.

7.Theteachertoldusthatthesun(be)biggerthanthemoon.

8.1thinkI(tell)youwhat(do)next.Don'tjuststayhere!

9.A:Whatareyoustandingherefor?

B:FmwaitingheretoaskMr.Johnsonifhe(give)usatalkonAmerican

history.Ifhe(have)notime,I'llaskMr.Smithinstead.

10.A:DoyouknowwhenMr.Green(come)toseeusnextmonth?

B:Don'tworry.I(tell)youwhenhereally(come)here.

Key:

1-8DABCDABD

DCBDDBDBC

1.haveworked

2.rises

3.didsay.couldn'thearsaidplanted

4.toleave

5.wouldcome

6.was

7..is

8.willtell/havetold

9.willgivehas

10.willcomewilltellcomes

例1Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.

A.howB.afterC.whatD.when

例2Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that

例3Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforhethoughtwasnotenough.

A.whereB.howC.whatD.which

例4Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.

A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich

例5Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioninghisteammateshad

done.

A.whatB.whichC.whyD.while

二、語序

以從屬連詞(if,whether)＞連接代詞(what,which,who,whose)和連接副詞(when,

where,how,why)等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句用陳述句語序。

例6Noonecanbesureinamillionyears.

A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklike

C.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike

例7Thebosswentuptoask.

A.whatthematterwasB.what'sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris

三、時態(tài)

賓語從句的時態(tài)要和主句相呼應(yīng)：

1.如果主句謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句謂語動詞時態(tài)可不受約束；

2.如果主句謂語動詞是過去時，從句謂語動詞的時態(tài)須與之呼應(yīng)；

Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.

3.當(dāng)從句敘述的是客觀真理時，其謂語動詞仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如：

Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.

例8Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets.

A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked

例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthatheofficesoon.

A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway

例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?—No,butsometimesIwishI.

A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto

四、賓語從句的減縮式

賓語從句有時可減縮為“疑問詞+不定式”的形式。

例11Fveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.

A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects

例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows.

A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit

例13Themotherdidn'tknowtoblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshe

wasout.

A.whoB.whenC.howD.what

五、賓語從句的特殊式

1.復(fù)合連接代詞在賓語從句中的使用。如：

Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.(whoever=anyonewho/any

personwho)

ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.(whatever=anything

that)

Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants,whatever在此處是泛

指，不可被what替代。而"Ican'trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who

表特定的某人，不可以改成whoevero

2.it作形式賓語，從句作真正賓語。

(1)動詞+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclauseothatclause中謂語動詞前可

加should,亦可省略。如：

Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.

(2)動詞+it+as+名詞/形容詞+clause。如：

Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.

(3)動詞+it+介詞+thatclause。常見的有：oweittosb.+thatclause(把...歸功于某人)，

leaveittosb.+thatclause(把...留給某人去做),takeitforgranted+thatclause(想當(dāng)然)，

keepitinmind+thatclause(記住...)。如:

Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe'dalwaysbearound.

(4)動詞+it+clauseo如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

英語中少數(shù)介詞很活躍，能帶從句作其賓語。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.

3.含賓語從句的反意疑問句。

當(dāng)陳述部分帶有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時,疑問部分的主語和謂語一般應(yīng)與陳述部分主句的主

語和謂語保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。如：

Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?

當(dāng)陳述部分主句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine

/expect/suspect/feel等時，疑問部分的主語和謂語往往與陳述部分從句中的主語和謂語保

持對應(yīng)關(guān)系，此時實質(zhì)上是將對主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對從句的否定上。如：

Idon'tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?

4.兩個及以上表示陳述的賓語從句并列時，第一個連詞that可以省略，但第二個及以后的

不可省。如：Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.

5.主語+be+形容詞+clauseo如：FmafraidthatIcan^promiseyouanything.

例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.

A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever

例15hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.

A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever

例16I'dappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

A.thatB.itC.thisD.you

例17-Idon'tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyinginthe

USAyou?

—.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.

A.had;YesB.do;YesC.have;NoD.were;No

例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased

hewasamanofaction.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

賓語從句練習(xí)題

類型一：引導(dǎo)詞的運用

(1)Idon'tknowornot.

A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathome

C.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome

(2)Thisdependsontheweatherisfine.

A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that

(3)Theteacheraskedthenewstudentclasshewasin.

A.whichB.whereC.ifD.that

(4)Idon'tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He,11helpuswithourEnglish.

A.whyB.whenC.howD.where

(5)Becareful!Don'tbreakthebottles.DoyouhearIsaid?David?

-----Yes,Mum

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if

(6)DoyouknowMrBlack'saddressis?

--------HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Vmnotsureof.

A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,where

(7)Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow.

A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchoose

C.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchoose

類型二：賓語從句的語序

(1)Didyoufindout?

A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingfor

C.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor

(2)Areyouinterestedin?

A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit

(3)Idon'tknow.Canyoutellme?

A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayers

C.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare

(4)Whatdidthescientistsay?

--------Hesaidhewonderedifintospacebyspaceshiponeday.

A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly

(5)Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?

A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbank

C.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere

(6)SheaskedTomwithhiscar?

A.whatthematterwasB.whatthematteris

C.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematter

類型三：時態(tài)

()lit's7：30.lean'tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet,Sally.

A.havenTtstartedB.didn,tC.don'tstartD.hadn,tstarted

()2TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.

A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe

()3Theteachersaidthattheearthroundthesun.

A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgo

()4We'dliketotellyouthatyoutheexam.

A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass

()5uCouldyoutellme?”“Yes.Theytothelibrary.v

A.wherearethetwins,havebeenB.wherewerethetwins,havebeen

C.wherethetwinsare,havegoneD,wherethetwinswere,havegone

()6Ourfathersaidthatheanewcomputernextweek.

A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buys

()7IhearthathetoBeijingyesterday.

A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone

類型四：其他-----反意疑問句，it做形式賓語

()1.Idon'tthinkheisright,?

A.isn,theB.isheC.doID.don'11

()2.Hebelievessheisright,?

A.doesnTtheB.doesheC.issheD.isn'tshe

()3.Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,?

A.didnJtheB.didheC.didID.didn'tl

()4.IfindimportantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.

A.itB.thisC.thatD.what

()5.Youcan'timaginewhentheyreceivedthenicegift.

A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited

高考題

1.—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?

—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.(<06全國H)

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

2.Pleaseremindmehesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.

A.whereB,whenC.howD.what（06全國

I)

3.Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.（05全國卷）

A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that

4.SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee..(2000上海)

A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.wh