考研英語二歷年真題及答案PDF(試卷版)

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MBA歷年真題

及答案速查

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研究生入學考試英語試題

SectionIVocabulary

Directions:

Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarked

A,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenblackenthe

correspondingletterontheANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(10points)

LAdvertisersoftenaimtheircampaignsatyoungpeopleastheyhaveconsiderablespending_____

[A]power[B]force[C]energy[D]ability

2.We'veboughtsome________chairsforthegardensothattheyareeasytostoreaway.

[A]adapting[B]adjusting[C]bending[D]folding

3.Thenewspeedrestrictionswereadebatedissue.

[A]heavily[B]hotly[C]deeply[D]profoundly

4.Hischangeofjobhas________himwithanewchallengeinlife.

[A]introduced[B]initiated[C]presented[D]led

5.No________you'rehungryifyouhaven*teatensinceyesterday.

[A]matter[B]surprise[C]wonder[D]problem

6.Thepianistplayedbeautifully,showingarealforthemusic.

[A]feeling[B]understanding[C]appreciation[D]sense

7.Thebossint<3arageandstartedshoutingatRoberttodoasheiwastold.

[A]flew[B]charged[C]rushed[D]burst

&Politiciansshouldneverlose________oftheneedsofthepeopletheyrepresent

[A]view[B]sight[C]regard[D]prospect

9.Theemployeestriedtosettlethedisputebydirect________withtheboss.

[A]negotiation[B]connection[C]association[D]communication

10Youhaven'theardallthefactssodon'ttoconclusions.

[A]dash[B]jump[C]spring[D]fly

111amawareoftheneedtoobeytherulesofthecompetition.

[A]greatly[B]far[C]much[D]well

12.,Themanagerhasalwaysattendedtothe_______ofimportantbusinesshimself.

[A]transaction[B]solution[C]translation[D]stimulation

13Asisknowntoall,acountrygetsa(n)_______fromtaxes.

[A]income[B]revenue[C]fund[D]payment

14Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoreduce_______onallimports.

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[A]fee[B]charge[C]tariff[D]tuition

15.Theneedforfinancialprovisionnotonlytoproducersbutalsotoconsumers.

[A]connects[B]links[C]associates[D]relates

16.Theabilityofbanktocreatedepositsisdeterminedbytheratioofliquidassetswhichthey

[A]mount[B]contain[C]remain[D]maintain

17.ThefirstseriousprospectofacureforAids,atreatmentwhichdelaysitseffects,has

emergedrecently.

[A]otherthan[B]ratherthan[C]morethan[D]lessthan

18.Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,sohewasbyhisgrandma.

[A]bred[B]broughtup[C]fed[D]grownup

19.TheJapanesedollar-buyingmakestraderseagertodollarsinfearofanothergovernment

intervention.

[A]letin[B]letout[C]letgoof[D]letoff

20.Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwaytothedisasterofthewar.

[A]shakeoff[B]getoff[C]putoff[D]takeoff

SectionIIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,and

D.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(15points)

Afewdecadesago,theworldbankingcommunityinventednewElectronicFundsTransfer(EFT)

systemstomovemoneymoreefficientlyacrosscountriesandaroundtheglobe.The21benefitof

suchsystemswasto22thefloatofcapitalthatwasunavailableforuse23checkswerebeing

clearedthroughbanking24.Tcxlay,wcunderstandthatbenefitsofelectronicbankingarefarmore

25thanjustreducingfloatingcash.Theentireworldofbanking26revolutionized.Itis27

moreefficientandfaster,butalsomoreglobal.Andnow28theInternet,EFT.systemsare

increasingly29withthenewworldofc-commerccande-trade.

301997and2003,EFTvalue31fromlessthan$50trilliontonearly$40trillion,more

thanthe32economicproductofallthecountriesandterritoriesoftheentireworld.Thesestatistics

33shouldemphasizethetrueimportanceoftransnationalEFT.Satellite,wireless,andcable-based

electronicfundtransfers34thehubofglobalenterprise.Suchelectroniccashis35central(o

theideaofanemerging°worldwidemind.MWithoutthesatelliteandfiberinfrastructuretosupportthe

flowofelectronicfundsftheworldeconomywouldgrindtoahalt.

21.[A]hiding[B]getting[C]driving[D]giving

22.[AJintroduce[B]reduce[C]produce[D]increase

23.[A]which[B]that[C]while[D]where

24.[A]mechanics[B]methods[C]procedures[D]systems

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25.[A]extensive[B]intensive[C]profound[D]great

26.[A]is[B]has[C]hasbeen[D]hadbeen

27.[A]far[B]even[C]just[D]notonly

28.[A]with[B]by[C]for[D]on

29.[A]linked[B]integrated[C]controlled[D]joined

30.[A]Between[B]In[C]From[D]Among

31.[A]decreased[B]raised[C]elevated[D]soared

32.[A]gross[B]accelerated[C]combined[D]collective

33.[A]lonely[B]alone[C]only[D]merely

34.[A]present[B]represent[C]reserve[D]comprehend

35.[A]so[B]nevertheless[C]thereafter[D]therefore

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,C,

andD.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(40points)

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Workingatnonstandardtimes—evenings,nights,orweekends—istakingitstollonAmerican

families.One-fifthofallemployedAmericansworkvariableorrotatingshifts,andone-thirdwork

weekends,accordingtoHarrietB.Presser,sociologyprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland.The

resultisstressonfamilialrelationships,whichislikelytocontinueincomingdecades.

Theconsequencesofworkingirregularhoursvaryaccordingtogender,economiclevel,and

whetherornotchildrenareinvolved.Singlemothersaremorelikelytoworknightsandweekendsthan

marriedmothers.Womeninclerical,sales,orotherlow-payingjobsparticipatedisproportionatelyin

workinglateandgraveyardshifts.

Married-couplehouseholdswithchildrenareincreasinglybecomingdual-earnerhouseholds,

generatingmoresplit-shiftcouples.School-agedchildren,however,maybenefitfromparents*

nonstandardworkschedulesbecauseofthegreaterlikelihoodthataparentwillbehomebeforeorafter

school.Ontheotherhand,acorrelationexistsbetweennonstandardworkschedulesandbothmarital

instabilityandadeclineinthequalityofmarriages.

Nonstandardworkinghoursmeanfamiliesspendlesstimetogetherfordinerbutmoretimetogether

forbreakfast.One-on-oneinteractionbetweenparentsandchildrenvaries,however,basedonparent,

shift,andageofchildren.Thereisalsoagreaterrelianceonchildcarebyrelativesandbyprofessional

providers.

Workingnonstandardhoursislessachoiceofemployeesandmoreamandateofemployer.Presser

believesthattheneedforswingshiftsandweekendworkwillcontinuetoriseinthecomingdecades.

ShereportsthatinsomeEuropeancountriestherearesubstantialsalarypremiumsforemployeesworking

irregularhours-sometimesasmuchas50%higher.Theconvenienceofhavingservicesavailable24

hoursadaycontinuestodrivethistrend.

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Unfortunately,saysPresser,theissueisvirtuallyabsentfrompublicdiscourse.Sheemphasizesthe

needforfocusedstudiesoncostsandbenefitsofworkingoddhours,thephysicalandemotionalhealth

ofpeopleworkingnightsandweekends,andthereasonsbehindthenecessityforworkingthesehours.

“NonstandardworkschedulesnotonlyarchighlyprevalentamongAmericanfamiliesbutalsogeneratea

levelofcomplexityinfamilyfunctioningthatneedsgreaterattention,nshesays.(360words)

36.WhichofthefollowingdemonstratesthatworkingatnonstandardtimesistakingitstollonAmerican

families?

[A]Stressonfamilialrelationships.[B]Rotatingshifts.

[C]Evenings,nights,orweekends.[D]Itsconsequences.

37.Whichofthefollowingisaffectedmostbyworkinginegularhours?

[A]Children.[B]Marriage.[C]Singlemothers.D]Workingwomen.

38.Whowouldbeinfavorofthepracticeofworkingnonstandardhours?

[A]Children.[B]Parents.

[C]Employees[D]Professionalchildproviders.

39.Itisimpliedthattheconsequencesofnonstandardworkschedulesarc.

[AJemphasized[B]absent[C]neglected[D]prevalent

40.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsworkingirregularhours?

[A]Positive.[B]Negative,[C]Indifferent.[D]Objective.

Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Mosthumanbeingsactuallydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeing-executive,

specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreet—encountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,often

withinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhasheorsheexploredtheimplicationsofthevarious

coursesofaction?Answer：notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowintelligentor

experienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffects,

andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninamatterofseconds.Yet,thosewho

pridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslockontoanopinion,

mostoftheirthinkingthereafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.

Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosen

courseofactiononthepartoftheMlosing°faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheothers

see(hemselvesaslosing,thebattleoftendoesn'tendwhenthemeetingends.Anger,resentment,and

jealousymayleadthemtosabotagethedecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.

Thereisabetterway.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisn'twhoisright,butwhatis

right,thatcounts.0

Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteralternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingby

debate.WiththehelpoftheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology,thegapbetweenexpertsand

executivesisnowbeingdramaticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,

slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowoflogic,iCspossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheer

argumentationcannevermatch.

Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelofconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributions

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oftheexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisn'tpossible

ornecessaryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysismeeting,it's

possibletoorganizetheexperts'informationtogivethedecisionmakermuchgreaterinsightastoits

meaning.Thisprocessmaysomewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup；it'sasimple,remarkably

cleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertothesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhich

theymustbasetheirdecisions.

(382words)

41.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat.

[A]executive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthestreet

[B]veryfewpeopledecidebeforetheythink

[C]thosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodoso

[D]peopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisions

42.Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword"them"(Line4,Paragraph2)referto?

[A]Decisionmakers.[B]The44losingMfaction.

[C]Anger,resentment,andjealousy.[D]Otherpeople.

43.AldousHuxley'sremark(Paragraph3)impliesthat.

[A]thereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrong

[B]wecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrong

[C]whatisrightismoreimportantthanwhoisright

[D]whatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisright

44.Accordingtotheauthor,thefunctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis.

[A]tomakedecisionbydebate

[B]toapplytheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology.

[C]tobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown

[D]tocreatealevelofconceptualclarity

45.Thestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor.

[A]decisionmakers[B]intelligenceanalysismeeting

[C]theexperts,information[D]marketingfocusgroups

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Sportisheadingforanindissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoya

privateparadise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)will

bethepriority(優(yōu)先)andprofessionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructurestoadapttothenew

reality：sportasabusiness.

Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectatorswillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbythe

conventionalchannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosec.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.

IntheUnitedStatesthesystemofthefuturehasalreadystarted：pay-as-you-vicw.Everythingwillbe

offeredbytelevisionandthespectatorwillonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecently

publishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupporterathomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.It

explainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematchonagigantic,flatscreen

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occupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichcannotbeforeseenatpresent；they

couldwatchfromthetrainer'sbench,fromthestandsjustbehindthebatterinagameofbaseballor

fromthehelmetofthestarplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesame

optionstheproduceroftherecordedprogrammehas：toselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratouse

andtodecideonthesound—whethertohearthepublic,theplayers,thetrainerandsoon.

Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenew

technologies,willbelievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurvive

andensurethatspectatorsattendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheir

view：whilethereismorebasketballthaneverontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthat

basketballismorepopularthanever.

Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionharmingthemodestteams.Thisis

true,butthefutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthe

market.Thegreateventscontinuallyattractlargeraudiences.

Theworldisbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeoplecanmaketheutmostuseoftheir

timeand,intheirhome,haveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwill

havetoadaptitselftothenewworld.

Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Theirphilosophyis：ratherthanseetelevisiontakeover

sport,whynothavesportstakenovertelevision?(442words)

46.Whatdocsthewritermeanbyuseofthephrase“anindissolublemarriageMinthefirstparagraph?

[A]Sportiscombinedwithtelevision.

[B]Sportcontrolstelevision.

[C]Televisiondictatessport.

[D]Sportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways.

47.WhatdoesutheyMinLine2Paragraph2standfor?

[A]broadcasts[B]channels[C]spectators[D]technologies

48.Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?

[A]Theyaretoooldtodoanything.

[B]Theyfeelillatease.

[C]Theyfeelcompletelyathome.

[D]Technologiescangohandinhandwithsports.

49.Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?

[A]Thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.

[B]Theprocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.

[C]Televisioncoverageexpansion.

[D]Anexampletoshowhowsporthastakenovertelevision.

50.Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?

[ATheArgumentsofSportsExecutives.

[B]ThePhilosophyofVisionaryExecutives.

[C]SportsandTelevisioninthe21stCentury.

[D]Sports：aBusiness.

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Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth；butwhatisitseffectonpeople?Forpeople

whothinkcookingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.Thecommunion

（共享）ofeatingtogetheriseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdcitizensfromwaitingfor

mealtimes.Thefirstgreatrevolutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.The

companionshipofthecampfire,cookingpotandcommontable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansin

collaborativelivingforatleast150,000years,couldbedestroyed.

Mealshavecertainlysufferedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.Theonlymealsregularlytaken

togetherinBritainthesedaysareattheweekend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingof

theoldsymboloftogetherness.Indeed,theday'sfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe20thcentury

theleisureBritishbreakfastwasunderminedbythecornflake；inthe21stbreakfastisvanishing

altogether,avictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbucksandthecerealbar.

Conveniencefoodhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocook.Oneoftheapparentparadoxesof

modemfoodisthat,whiletheamountoftimespentcookingmealshasfallenfrom60minutesadayin

1980to13minutesadayin2002,thenumberofbooksandtelevisionprogrammesoncookinghas

multiplied.Butperhapsthisisn'taparadox.Maybeitisbecausepeoplecan'tcookanymore,sothey

needtobetoldhowtodoit.Ormaybeitisbecausepeoplebuybooksabouthobbies—golf,yachting一

notaboutchores.Cookinghasceasedtobeachoreandhasbecomeahobby.

Althougheverybodylivesinthekitchen,itsfacilitiesareincreasinglyfordisplayratherthanfor

use.Mr.Silverstein,snewbook,“TradingUp”,looksatmid-rangeconsumer'swillingnesstosplash

out.Hesaysthatindustrial-styleVikingcookpots,withnearlytwicetheheatoutputofotherranges,

havehelpedtopushthe°kitchenastheatrevtrendinhomegoods.Theycostfrom$I,000to$9,000.

Some75%ofthemareneverused.

Conveniencealsohasanimpactonthehealthiness,orotherwise,offood.Ofcourse,thereis

nothingbadaboutready-to-eatfooditself.Youdon'tgetmuchhealthierthananapple,andall

supermarketssellabetter-for-yourangeofready-meals.Butthereisalimittothenumberofapples

peoplewanttoeat；andthesedaysitiseasierforpeopletoeatthekindoffoodthatmakesthemfat.

ThethreeHarvardeconomistsintheirpaper“WhyhaveAmericansbecomemoreobese?**pointout

that,inthepast,ifpeoplewantedtoeatfattyhotfood,theyhadtocookit.Thattooktimeand

energy—agoodchipneedsfryingtwice,oncetocookthepotatoandoncetogetitcrispy（脆）一

whichdiscouragedofconsumptionofthatsortoffood.Masspreparationoffoodtookawaythat

constraint.Nobodyhastocutanddouble-cooktheirownfriesthesedays.Whohasthetime?（512

words）

51.Whatmightthepreviousparagraphsdealwith?

[A]Therelationshipbetweenmealsandconveniencefood.

[B]Theimportanceofconveniencefoodinpeople'slife.

[C]Theriseofconveniencefood.

[D]Thehistoryoffoodindustry.

52.Whatistheparadoxinthethirdparagraph?

[A]Peopledon'tknowhowtocook.

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[B]Thefacilitiesinthekitchenarenottotallyused.

[C]Peoplearebecomingmoreobese,thusunhealthy.

[D]Conveniencefoodactuallydoesnotsavepeopletime.

53.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

[A]Thebadeffectsofconveniencefood.

[B]Mr.Silverstein^newbook.

[C]People飛newhobby.

[D]Disappearanceoftheoldsymboloftogetherness.

54.WhyhaveAmericansbecomemoreobese?

[A]Becauseofeatingchips.[B]Becauseofbeingbusy.

[C]Becauseofbeinglazy.[D]BothBandC.

55.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthormostlikelyagreewith?

[A]Thereisnothingbadaboutconveniencefood.

[B]Conveniencefoodmakespeoplelazy.

[C]Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesgrow.

[D]Conveniencefoodisarevolutionincooking.

SectionIVTranslation

Directions:

InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslatethefiveunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

andwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Peopleinbusinesscanuseforesighttoidentifynewproductsandservices,aswellasmarketsfor

thoseproductsandservices.Anincreaseinminoritypopulationsinaneighborhoodwouldprompta

grocerwithforesighttostockmorefoodslinkedtoethnictastes.(56)Anartmuseumdirectorwith

foresightmightfollowIrendsincompulergraphicsmakeexhibitsmoreappealingyoungervisitors.

Foresightmayrevealpotentialthreatsthatwecanpreparetodealwithbeforetheybecomecrises.

(57)Forinstance,acapablecorporatemanagermighrseeanalarmingriseinlocalhousingpricesthat

couldaffecltheavailabilityofskilledworkersinIheregion.Thepublic'schangingvaluesandpriorities,

aswellasemergingtechnologies,demographicshifts,economicconstraints(oropportunities),and

environmentalandresourceconcernsareallpartsoftheincreasinglycomplexworldsysteminwhich

leadersmustlead.

(58)Peopleingovernmentalsoneedforesightlokeepsystemsrunningsmoothly,【oplanbudgets,

andIoprevenlwars.Governmentleaderstodaymustdealwithahostofnewproblemsemergingfrom

rapidadvancesintechnology.

Evenatthecommunitylevel,foresightiscritical：schoolofficials,forexample,needforesightto

assessnumbersofstudentstoaccommodate,numbersofteacherstohire,neweducationaltechnologies

todeploy,andnewskillsforstudents(andtheirteachers)todevelop.

(59)Manyofthebest-knowntechniquesforforesightweredevelopedbygovernmentplaners,

especiallyinthemilitary,“thinkingabouttheunthinkable".PioneeringfuturistsattheRAND

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