2023年考研外語(yǔ)押題預(yù)測(cè)卷1

考研外語(yǔ)押題預(yù)測(cè)卷1

一、UseofEnglish

1、【C1】

A.Asregardsto

B.Regardlessof

C.Withregardto

D.Inregardto

2、【C2】

A.muchless

B.abundant

C.alotmore

D.surplus

3、【C3】

A.advanced

B.industrialized

C.developed

D.mechanized

4、【C4】

A.exceeds

B.outnumbers

C.overtakes

D.outstrips

5、【C5】

A.with

B.at

C.in

D.on

6、【C6】

A.intheformer

B.ofthepast

C.intheearly

D.intheearlier

7、【C7】

A.added

B.increased

C.brought

D.totaled

8、【C8】

A.arrived

B.stopped

C.set

D.remained

9、【C9】

A.However

B.Nevertheless

C.Moreover

D.And

10、【C10】

A.lessenedto

B.shrankby

C.deduced

D.restrainedin

11、【C11】

A.suffered

B.experienced

C.undertaken

D.endured

12、【C13】

A.minimized

B.reduced

C.lessened

D.relieved

13、【C14】

A.because

B.though

C.as

D.where

14、【C15】

A.by

B.for

C.to

D.in

15、【C16】

A.preserve

B.conserve

C.improve

D.protect

16、【C17】

A.numbers

B.amounts

C.figures

D.plenty

17、【C18】

A.off

B.out

C.back

D.down

18、【C19】

A.discouraged

B.unwilling

C.forbidden

D.inclined

19、【C20】

A.position

B.function

C.task

D.role

二、ReadingComprehension

1、Whydothemediaalwaysreportsensationaltopics?

A.Journalistsoftodayareexcitedaboutconveyingthesetopics.

B.Newscastsandnewspaperspaytheutmostattentiontothesetopics.

C.Thesetopicsholdgreaterappealforthepublicthananyothertopics.

D.Audiencesoftodaydon'tbelievewhatisgoodandvaluable.

2、Anxioustocapturethereader'sattention,somejournalists

A.attempttoaddspicetowritingwithinventedincidents.

B.utilizeeventsandactionstocompetewitheachother.

C.exploittheshortattentionspanandsensationalizethestory.

D.reportonlytheunfamiliarincidentstoseekshort-termthrill.

3、Someworksaresoughtandrereadbecause

A.theysavetimeforthereadersandviewers.

B.theyareresponsibleforthereaders.

C.theyreportinternationalincidents.

D.theyarepiecesofactivewriting.

4、Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmightbetrueofthejournalists?

A.Theyseektheeasywayout.

B.Languageisthetoolofthem.

C.Thetruthisneverconveyedintheirreport.

D.Theyonlywanttoexploitthereaders.

5、Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ReturntoVividDescription

B.AudienceDistractedbyJournalists

C.Journalists:SensationalismSellers

D.HowtoBecomeaCompetentReporter

6、Comparedwiththerequirementsoflaw,thepercentagegoalssetbysomefederalandlocalagenciesare

A.morepopularwithlargecorporations.

B.moreconcrete.

C.lesscontroversial.

D.lessexpensivetoenforce.

7、Thefailureofalargebusinesstomakebidsforsubcontractsyieldordersmightcauseitto

A.experiencefrustrationbutnotseriousfinancialharm.

B.facepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses.

C.havetorecorditseffortsonformsfiledwiththegovernment.

D.increaseitsspendingwithminoritysubcontractors.

8、Theresponseofcorporatestoworkingwithminoritysubcontractorsis

A.distressing.

B.indifferent.

C.promising.

D.obscure.

9、Whichofthefollowingisadangertominoritybusinesses?

A.MinoritybusinessesmayexpandtooslowtocompetewiththeWhite-ownedcompanies.

B.MinoritybusinessesmaybetakenadvantagebyWhite-ownedcompanies.

C.Minoritybusinessesmaybetooindependenttocontrol.

D.Minoritybusinessesmayrelytoomuchongovernmentsupport.

10、Theprimarypurposeofthetextisto

A.presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies.

B.describeasituationanditspotentialdrawbacks.

C.proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem.

D.analyzeafrequentsourceofdisagreement.

11、"Malthusians"(Line1-2,Para.3)probablyheldthat

A.fatnesscouldbeattributedtoevolution.

B.foodwouldn'tfeedallthepeopleontheearth.

C.itwasharmfulforpeopletobeobese.

D.thenumberofstarvingpeopledecreased.

12、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthebiggestprobleminhistoryis

A.therichwerefat,thepoorwerethin.

B.peoplestoredenergyingoodyears.

C.therewasnotenoughfoodtoeat.

D.peoplecouldn'tstopsmoking.

13、WhydoestheauthormentionFatherChristmasandthefourhorsesoftheApocalypse'!

A.Todrawaparallelbetweenthetwo.

B.Toshowhowfatpeopleonearthare.

C.Tointroducethehealthrisksinobesity.

D.Tomakethetextinteresting.

14、Whydoestheauthorcomparesmokingwithobesityinthistext?

A.Theyarebothproblemsdifficulttosettle.

B.Theycanleadtothesamediseases.

C.Theyarebothbadhabits.

D.Theyarebothharmfultohealth.

15、Whatdoestheauthormeanby"peoplearestillpilingonthepounds"?

A.Peopleareaccumulatingwealth.

B.Peoplearegettingthinner.

C.Peoplearelosingounces.

D.Peoplearegainingweight.

16、WelearnfromthetextthatLyttonStrachey'sbook

A.washighlycriticalofthecontemporarypeopleandinstitutions.

B.wasguiltyofspreadingprejudicesagainsttheVictorians.

C.wiselydescribedthequalitiesofthepeopleoftheage.

D.superficiallypraisedtheheroicdeedsoftheVictorians.

17、WhichofthefollowingcanexemplifythechangeintheattitudestowardstheVictorians?

A.Thecelebrationofthe100thanniversaryofQueenVictoria'sdeath.

B.ThedisclosureoftheeventsorpeopleabouttheVictorianagebythemedia.

C.TherisingofthepublicawarenessthatVictoriawasthelastgreatepoch.

D.TheappearanceofanewbookregardingVictoriansascreatorsofthemodernworld.

18、Theword"gadgets"(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans

A.appliances.

B.engines.

C.devices.

D.tools.

19、ThedarkersideoftheVictorianperiodismentionedto

A.giveprooftoKarlMarx'sDasKapital.

B.testifythesocialconscienceofthatperiod.

C.exposethesocialinjusticesandevils.

D.demonstratetheVictorians'goodsenseofrightandwrong.

20、What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheVictorianAge?

A.Approval.

B.Sarcastic.

C.Indifferent.

D.Hostile.

21、PartB(10points)

CanadiansliketothinkthatalthoughtheyarethejuniorpartnerintheirtraderelationswiththeUnitedStates,the174billionbarrelsofprovenreservesintheoilsandsofAlbertaprovideapowerfulaceuptheirsleeveinanydealingswiththeirenergy-hungryneighbor.ThatbeliefhasnowbeenshakenbyanAmericanlawthatappearstoprohibitAmericangovernmentagenciesfrombuyingcrudeproducedintheoilsandsofthewesternprovince.

41.______.Butthatistheeffectofbanningfederalagenciesfrombuyingalternativeorsyntheticfuel,includingthatfromnon-conventionalsources,iftheirproductionanduseresultinmoregreenhousegasesthanconventionaloil.TransformingAlberta'starrymuckintoabarrelofoilisanenergy-intensiveprocessthatproducesaboutthreetimestheemissionsofabarrelofconventionallightsweetcrude.

Havingwokenbelatedlytothedanger,theCanadiangovernmentisnowscramblingtosecureanexception.MichaelWilson,Canada'sambassadorinWashington,haswrittentoAmerica'ssecretaryofdefense,RobertGates(whosedepartmentisabigpurchaserofCanadianoil),stressingAmericandependenceonCanadianoil,electricity,naturalgasanduraniumimports,andnotingthatsomeofthebiggestplayersintheAlbertaoilpatchareAmericancompanies.Mr.WilsonaddedplaintivelythatbothGeorgeBushandhisenergysecretary,SamuelBodman,havepubliclywelcomedexpandedoil-sandsproduction,giventheincreasedcontributiontoAmericanenergysecurity.42.______.

ThefearinCanadaisthattheAmericanpurchasingrestriction,whichatpresentappliesonlytofederalagencies,isthestartofawholesaleshifttogreeneraswellasmoreprotectionistpoliciesunderaCongressandpotentiallyaWhiteHousecontrolledbytheDemocrats.43.______.

YetenvironmentalistspointoutthatCanadaisnowpayingforitsownfoot-draggingatthefederallevelongreeninitiatives.HavingsignedtheKyotoagreementunderapreviousLiberalgovernment,Canadadidlittletostopitsemissionsrising.Theyarenowalmost35%abovetheKyototarget.AndalthoughMr.Bairdlikestodescribehisplanastough,itwillnotbringCanadaintolinewithKyoto.44.______.

ThevaguenessoftheproposedfederalrulesdidnotstopthepremierofAlberta,EdStelmach,fromgivingadefiantwarningthathewillstandupfortheinterestsofAlbertans(readoilindustry)andwillbeexaminingtheconstitutiontoensurethatthefederalgovernment'sproposedplandoesnotintrudeonprovincialjurisdiction.HisprovincehasoneoftheweakestenvironmentalregimesinCanada.

45.______.ButevenifadealisreachedwiththeoutgoingBushadministration,anyexceptionforCanadamaybeshort-livedifgreeningDemocratstaketheWhiteHouseinNovember.

[A]Since1999,CanadahasbeenthelargestsupplierofU.S.crudeandrefinedoilimports.In2022,Canadiancrudeoilandpetroleumproductsrepresented18%ofU.S.crudeoilimports,atnearly2.5millionbarrelsperday.From2022to2022,thevolumeofCanadiancrudeoilexportstotheUnitedStatesincreasedby7.4%peryear.

[B]JohnBaird,theCanadianenvironmentminister,referredthisweektotheAmericanmovewhenheunveilednewproposalstoreduceindustrialemissionsinCanada,includingtheoilsands,by20%by2022.BigstateslikeCaliforniaweremakingsimilarpronouncements,hetoldreporters.Theoilsandswereanimportantnationalresource,buthadtobeexpandedinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.

[C]AsCanada'srepresentativeinWashington,Mr.WilsonisthepointmanonCanada'slobbyingeffortseithertokilltheBuyAmericanclause,ortogetaspecialexemptionforCanada.

[D]TheEnergyIndependenceandSecurityAct2022didnotsetouttodiscriminateagainstCanada,America'sbiggestsupplierofoil.

[E]Withenergyexports,mainlyfromAlberta,drivingtheCanadianeconomy,thisisnotahappythoughtforCanadians.

[F]AlthoughtheCanadianembassysaysthattherehasbeennoofficialresponsetoMr.Wilson'sletter,therearereportsoftalksgoingoninWashingtonaimedataddressingCanada'sconcerns.

[G]Therulesfortheoilsands,nowthefastestgrowingsourceofgreenhousegases,haveyettobefinalizedandwillnotcomeintoforceuntil2022.Furthermore,theyrelyoncarboncapture,apromisingbutun-proventechnology.

(41)

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)

What'syourearliestmemory?Doyourememberlearningtowalk?Thebirthofasibling?Nurseryschool?Adultsrarelyremembereventsfrommuchbeforekindergarten,justaschildrenyoungerthan3or4seldomrecallanyspecificexperiences(asdistinctfromgeneralknowledge).Psychologistshavefloatedallsortsofexplanationsforthis"childhoodamnesia".Thereductionistsappealedtotheneurological,arguingthatthehippocampus,thebrainregionresponsibleforformingmemories,doesn'tmatureuntilabouttheageof2.Butthereigningtheoryholdsthatsinceadultsdonotthinklikechildren,theycannotaccesschildhoodmemories.Adultsarestruckwithgrown-up"schema",thebarebonesofnarratives.(46)Whentheyrifflethroughthementalfilingcabinetinsearchoffragmentsofchildhoodmemoriestohangonthisnarrativeskeleton,accordingtothistheory,theydon'tfindanythatfit.It'sliketryingtofindtheFrenchwordinanEnglishindex.

NowpsychologistKatherineNelsonoftheCityUniversityofNewYorkoffersanewexplanationforchildhoodamnesia.(47)Shearguesthatchildrendon'tevenform.lasting,long-termmemoriesofpersonalexperiencesuntiltheylearntousesomeoneelse'sdescriptionofthoseexperiencestoturntheirownshort-term,fleetingrecollectionsintopermanentmemories.Inotherwords,childrenhavetotalkabouttheirexperiencesandhearotherstalkaboutthem—hearMomrecountthatday'striptothedinosaurmuseum,hearDadrememberaloudtheirtriptotheamusementpark.

Whyshouldmemorydependsoheavilyonnarrative?Nelsonmarshalsevidencethatthemindstruc