2023學(xué)年完整公開課版Grammar虛擬語氣

Grammar虛擬語氣Unit1

1.語氣(mood)

語氣是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態(tài)度。2.語氣的種類

分為陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。語氣的定義和種類陳述語氣：敘述事實或可能發(fā)生的事情時，人們所使用的語氣就是陳述語氣。I’maboyofsixteenthisyear.IwanttotravelinthespacelikeYangLiwei.

祈使語氣：人們用來表示命令、要求、請求、邀請、勸告或建議時所使用的語氣就是祈使語氣。Hurryup!Pleaseclosethewindow?

虛擬語氣：Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaint

aswellasaprofessionalartist?Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，用來表示說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)、猜測等，不一定是客觀存在的事實或與事實相反。本單元所涉及的主要是兩種情況：一是wish賓語從句中的虛擬語氣；二是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。虛擬語氣概念

wish+賓語從句：表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“但愿...……；要是………就好了”。1.表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語動詞用過去式。

Iwish(that)Iwereyoungagain.IwishIhad

ahouseofmyown.虛擬語氣在wish后的賓語從句中（如果是be動詞的話，要用were）2.表示將來表達(dá)的愿望(實現(xiàn))，從句的謂語動詞用would(could/might)+動原

IwishIcouldflytothemoononeday.

Shewishesyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.3.對過去發(fā)生的事情表示遺憾或后悔，從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時Hewishedhehadn'tdoneit.

他想要是他沒這樣做該多好。Iwishyouhadtoldmeaboutitearlier.你早點告訴有關(guān)這件事就好了。haddonewish后接的賓語從句：與將來事實相反，動詞用_______________

的形式。2.與現(xiàn)在事實相反，動詞用_______________be動詞用_________.3.與過去事實相反，動詞用_______________過去完成時haddonewould/could/might+動詞原形過去式were

Translation1.我多希望我現(xiàn)在有很多錢啊。

IwishIhadagreatdealofmoneynow.2.我希望你畢業(yè)后能找到一個好工作。

Iwishyoucouldfindagoodjobaftergraduation.3.我要是沒有接受他的邀請就好了。

IwishIhadn’tacceptedhisinvitation.表示與事實情況相反條件從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式表示現(xiàn)在情況過去式(did)(be常用were)would/could/might/should+動詞原形表示將來情況①過去式(did)②should+do③weretodowould/could/might/should+動詞原形虛擬語氣在條件從句中1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)和結(jié)果

IfIamyou,Iwillgoatonce.

IfI

were

you,I

wouldgo

atonce.

我是你的話，我會馬上走。

Ifmybrother

were

here,everything

wouldbe

allright.

要是我哥在這兒，一切都沒問題了。Translation1).如果他有時間，他就會（可能）和你去。Ifhehadtime,hewould/mightgowithyou.2).要是我是你，我就會（可能）對他說實話。IfIwereyou,Ishould/would/could/mighttellhimthetruth.2、表示對將來事實做出的假設(shè)和猜想

Ifit

were

sunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。Ifit

shouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.假如天下雨，莊稼就有可能得救。Ifit

weretosnow

thisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他們將不出去了。Translation1).如果這次失敗，他會再試一次。2).假如我要求，你會幫助我嗎？Ifhefailedthistime,hewouldtryagain.IfIweretoask,wouldyouhelpme?Exercise從括號中選擇正確的答案1.Theyoungmanwisheshe___(is/were)anengineersothathecouldsolvetheproblem.2.Afterhearingwhatherfriendsaid,Lucywishedshe____(attended/hadattended)thelectureinsteadofgoingtoseethefilm.3.HowIwishI____（had/have）somemagicpowertohelpthem.1.Ifeveryoneknewfirstaid,manylives_____________________(得救).

2.IwishI________(擁有)thekindofpowerSpidermanhas.3.Ifit_______(下雪)tomorrow,theywouldstayathome.4.________________________(如果你來)tomorrowevening,youcouldseehim.Completethesentences.wouldbesaved

had

snowed

Ifyouweretocome

（1）由asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示比較或方式時HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.Shetalkedaboutthefilmasifshehadreallyseenit.結(jié)論：從句謂語形式為動詞的過去式（be用were）/“had+過去分詞”/would/could+v。（2）在帶有evenif/eventhough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句EvenifLinTaowerehere,Ishouldsaythesamething.Eventhoughhehadbeenill,hewouldhavegonetohisoffice.結(jié)論：主句和從句都用虛擬語氣，動詞形式與含有非真實條件句的虛擬語氣相同。

Itis(about/high)time+過去式/should+動詞原形Itistimethatwewent/shouldgohome.我們該回家了。Itishightimethatyouwent/shouldgotobed.你早該睡覺了。（2）wouldrather(寧愿，寧可）的用法現(xiàn)在：動詞用過去式過去：動詞用過去完成Iwouldrathershewerenotpresent.我寧可她不在場。（事實上她在場）Iwouldratherhehadtoldmethetruth.我寧可他告訴我事實真相。（事實上他沒告訴我真相）Heisnotapilot,buthewisheshe______(be).IwishI___________(meet)himyesterday.Iwishit__________(be)finetomorrow.Heorderedthework_________________(start)atonce.5.I’dratheryou_________(stay)athomealldaytoday.were

hadmetwouldbe(should)bestarted

stayedIV.在表語從句或方式狀從中1.Mydemandisthatyou_______________(getup)atsix.2.Hespeaksasifhe_________(be)anEnglishman.3.Theytalkedasifthey_____________(be)goodfriendsforyears.(should)getupwerehadbeenVI.在其他句型中Evenifhe_______(be)here,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.Withoutair,there__________(be)nolivingthings.Butforyourhelp,I__________________(not,do)it.IfonlyI____________(take)hisadvice,butIdidn’t.

werewould

becouldn’t

have

done

had

taken5.Iwasverybusyyesterday,otherwiseI_________________(come)tothemeeting.6.Lookattheclock!It’s(high)timewe_______________(go)home.wouldhavecome

went/shouldgo1.Ifwe_____sooner,wemighthavegotthere.A.startedB.hadstartedC.wouldhavestartedD.start2.Ifhe_____thedetectivehonestly,hewouldnothavebeenarrested.A.wouldhaveansweredB.answeredC.shouldanswerD.hadanswered3.Whydidn'tyougotothedancelastnight?IfI______tired,Iwouldhave.A.haven'tB.hadn'tC.haven'tbeenD.hadn'tbeen4."