材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)語英語單詞表

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表Unit1property(材料的）性heattreatment

熱處理metalglass

金屬玻璃plastics

塑料fiber

纖維electronicdevices電子器件component

組元,組semiconductingmaterials半體材料materialsscienceandengineering材料科學(xué)與工程materialsscience材料科學(xué)materialsengineering材料工程materialsscientist材料科學(xué)家materialsengineer材工程師synthesize

合成synthesissyntheticsubatomicstructure亞原子結(jié)構(gòu)electronatom原子

電子nucleinucleusmolecule

原子核分子microscopicmicroscope

微觀的顯微鏡

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表nakedeyemacroscopic

裸眼宏觀的specimen

試樣deformation

變形polishedreflectmagnitude

拋光的反射量級solidmaterials固體材料mechanicalproperties力性質(zhì)load載荷force

力elasticmodulus彈模strength

強(qiáng)度electricalproperties電性質(zhì)electricalconductivity導(dǎo)電性dielectricconstant介常數(shù)electricfield

電場thermalbehavior熱學(xué)行為heatcapacity

熱容thermalconductivity熱導(dǎo)（導(dǎo)熱性）magneticproperties磁學(xué)性質(zhì)magneticfield

磁場opticalproperties光學(xué)性質(zhì)electromagneticradiation電輻射lightradiation光輻射indexofrefraction折率reflectivity

反射率

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表deteriorativecharacteristics劣特性processingperformance

加工性能linear

線性的integratedcircuitchip集成電路片strengthductility

強(qiáng)度延展性deterioration

惡化，劣化mechanicalstrength機(jī)強(qiáng)度elevatedtemperature高溫corrosivefabrication

腐蝕性的制造Unit2chemicalmakeup化學(xué)組atomicstructure原子結(jié)構(gòu)advancedmaterials先進(jìn)材料high—technology高術(shù)smartmaterials智能材料nanoengineeredmaterials納工程材料metallicmaterials金屬材料nonlocalizedelectrons游離電子conductorelectricity

導(dǎo)體電

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表heat熱t(yī)ransparentvisiblelight

透明的可見光polishedsurfacelustrousaluminumsiliconaluminasilica

拋光的表面有光澤的鋁硅氧化鋁二氧化硅oxidecarbidenitridedioxide

氧化物碳化物氮化物二氧化物clayminerals

黏土礦物porcelain

瓷器cement

水泥mechanicalbehavior力行為ceramicmaterials陶瓷材料stiffnessstrengthhard堅(jiān)硬

勁度強(qiáng)度brittlefracture

脆的破裂insulativeresistantresistance

絕緣的耐……的耐力，阻力，阻

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表molecularstructures分結(jié)構(gòu)chain—like鏈狀backbone

骨架carbonatomslowdensities

碳原子低密度mechanicalcharacteristics力特性inert

隋性synthetic（人工合成的fiberglasspolymeric

玻璃纖維聚合物的epoxy

環(huán)氧樹脂polyester

聚酯纖維carbonfiber-reinforcedpolymercomposite碳纖維增強(qiáng)聚合物復(fù)材料glassfibermaterials玻纖維增強(qiáng)材料high-strength，lowstructuralmaterials高強(qiáng)度低密度結(jié)構(gòu)材料solarcell

太陽能電池hydrogenfuelcell氫燃料電池catalyst

催化劑nonrenewableresource不再生資源Unit3periodictable(元素）周期表atomicstructure原子結(jié)構(gòu)magneticoptical

磁學(xué)的光學(xué)的

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表microstructuremacrostructure

微觀結(jié)構(gòu)宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)positivelychargednucleus帶正電的原核atomicnumber

原子序數(shù)proton

質(zhì)子atomicweight

原子量neutron

中子negativelychargedelectrons帶負(fù)電的電子shell

殼層magnesium

鎂chemicalbonds

化學(xué)鍵partially—filledshells未電子殼層bond成鍵metallicbondnonmetalatomscovalentbond

金屬鍵非金屬原子共價(jià)鍵ionicbond

離子鍵Unit4physicalproperties物理性質(zhì)chemicalproperties化學(xué)性質(zhì)flammability

易燃性corrosionoxidation

腐蝕氧化oxidationresistance抗化性

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表vapor（vapour)蒸汽，氣，汽melt熔化solidifyvaporizecondensesublime

凝固汽化，蒸發(fā)凝聚升華stateplasma

態(tài)等離子體phasetransformationtemperatures相變溫度density

密度specificgravity比thermalconductivity熱linearcoefficientofthermalexpansion線性熱膨脹系數(shù)electricalconductivityandresistivity電導(dǎo)和電阻corrosionresistance抗蝕性magneticpermeability磁率phasetransformations相變phasetransitions相變crystalformsmeltingpointboilingpointvaporpressure

晶型熔點(diǎn)沸騰點(diǎn)蒸氣壓atm大氣壓glasstransitiontemperature玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度mass質(zhì)量volume

體積perunitofvolume每位體積

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表theaccelerationof重力加速度temperaturedependent隨溫度而變的，與溫有關(guān)的grams/cubiccentimeter克每立方厘kilograms/cubicmeter千每立方米grams/milliliter克毫升grams/liter

克每升poundspercubicinch磅每立方英寸poundspercubicfoot磅每立方英尺alcoholbenzenemagnetize

酒精苯磁化magneticinduction磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度magneticfieldintensity磁場強(qiáng)度constantvacuum

常數(shù)真空magneticfluxdensity磁密度diamagnetic

反磁性的factor

因數(shù)paramagneticferromagnetic

順磁性的鐵磁性的non—ferrousmetals非鐵金屬，有色金屬brassferrous

黃銅含鐵的ferrousmetals含鐵金屬,黑金屬relativepermeability相磁導(dǎo)率transformer

變壓器，變換eddycurrentprobe渦探針

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表Unit5hardness

硬度impactresistance耐擊性fracturetoughness斷裂韌度，斷裂韌性structuralmaterials結(jié)構(gòu)材料anisotropicorientation

各向異性取向texture

織構(gòu)fiberreinforcement纖維增強(qiáng)longitudinal

縱向transversedirection橫向shorttransversedirection短橫向afunctionof溫度的函數(shù)，溫度條件roomtemperature室溫elongation

伸長率tension

張力，拉力compression

壓縮bendingsheartorsion

彎曲剪切扭轉(zhuǎn)staticloading

靜負(fù)荷dynamicloading動載cyclicloading

循環(huán)載荷，周載荷cross—sectionalarea橫截面

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表stress

應(yīng)力stressdistribution應(yīng)分布strain

應(yīng)變engineeringstrain工應(yīng)變perpendicularnormalaxis

垂直垂直軸elasticdeformation彈性形變plasticdeformation塑性形變qualitycontrol質(zhì)控nondestructivetests無檢測tensileproperty抗張性能，拉伸能Unit6lattice

晶格positiveions

正離子acloudofdelocalizedelectrons離域電子云ionizationmetalloidnonmetal

電離，離子化準(zhǔn)金屬類金屬非金屬diagonalline

對角線polonium

釙semi—metallowerleftupperright

半金屬左下方右上方conductionband導(dǎo)帶valenceband

價(jià)帶

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表electronicstructure電子結(jié)構(gòu)syntheticmaterials（人工）合成材料oxygenoxide

氧氧化物rust生銹potassium

鉀alkalimetals

堿金屬alkalineearthmetals堿金屬volatile

活潑的transitionmetals過渡金屬oxidize

氧化barrierlayer

阻擋層basicacidic

堿性的酸性的electrochemicalseries電化序electrochemicalcell電電池cleave

解理，劈開elemental

元素的，單質(zhì)metallicform

金屬形態(tài)tightly-packedcrystallattice密排晶，密堆積晶格atomicradiusnuclearcharge

原子半徑核電荷numberofbondingorbitals成鍵軌道數(shù)overlapoforbital軌道能重疊crystalform

晶型planesofatoms原子面agasofnearlyfreeelectrons近自由電子氣

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表freeelectronmodel自電子模型anelectrongas電子氣bandstructurebindingenergy

能帶結(jié)構(gòu)鍵能positivepotential正勢periodicpotential周期性勢能bandgap

能隙Brillouinzone

布里淵區(qū)nearly-freeelectronmodel近由電子模型solidsolution

固溶體puremetalsduralumin

純金屬硬鋁，杜拉鋁Unit9purificationrawmaterials

提純凈化原材料discrete

離散的分散的iodine

碘long-chain

長鏈alkaneoxidenitridecarbidediamond

烷烴，鏈烴氧化物氮化物碳化物金剛石graphiteinorganic

石墨無機(jī)的

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表mixedionic-covalentbonding離子—共價(jià)混合鍵constituentatoms組原子conductionmechanism傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制phononphotonsapphire

聲子光子藍(lán)寶石visiblelight

可見光computer—assistedprocesscontrol計(jì)機(jī)輔助過程控制solid—oxidefuelcell固體氧化物料電池sparkpluginsulator火花塞絕緣材capacitorelectrodeelectrolyte

電容電極電解質(zhì)electronmicroscope電子顯微鏡surfaceanalyticalmethods表分析方法Unit12macromolecule

高分子repeatingstructuralunits重復(fù)結(jié)構(gòu)單covalentbond

共價(jià)鍵polymerchemistry高分子化polymerphysics高子理polymerscience高子學(xué)molecularstructure分子結(jié)構(gòu)molecularweights分子量longchains

長鏈chain—likestructure鏈狀結(jié)構(gòu)

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表monomerplasticsrubbers

單體塑料橡膠thermoplastic

熱塑性thermoset

熱固性vulcanizedrubbers硫化橡膠thermoplasticelastomer熱塑彈性體naturalrubbers天橡syntheticrubbers合成橡膠thermoplastic

熱塑性thermoset

熱固性resin

樹脂polyethylenepolypropylenepolystyrene

聚乙烯聚丙烯聚苯乙烯polyvinyl-chloride聚氯乙烯polyvinylchloridepolyester

聚乙烯的氯化物聚酯polyurethanepolycarbonate

聚氨酯聚碳酸酯nylon

尼龍acrylics

丙烯酸樹脂acrylonitrile—butadiene—styreneABS樹脂polymerization

聚合（作用）condensationpolymerization縮additionpolymerization加聚

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表homopolymercopolymer

均聚物共聚物chemicalmodification化改性terminologynomenclature

術(shù)語命名法chemist

化學(xué)家theNoblePrizeinChemistry諾爾化學(xué)獎catalyst

催化劑atomicforcemicroscope原子力顯微鏡（AFMUnit15compositemultiphasebulkphase

復(fù)合材料多相體相matrix

基體matrixmaterial基質(zhì)材reinforcement

增強(qiáng)體reinforcingphase增相reinforcingmaterial加材料metal-matrixcomposite金屬基復(fù)合材料ceramic—matrixcomposite陶瓷基復(fù)合材料resin-matrixcomposite樹脂基復(fù)合材料strengtheningmechanism增強(qiáng)機(jī)理dispersionstrengthenedcomposite彌強(qiáng)化復(fù)合材料

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表particlereinforcedcomposites顆粒增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料fiber—reinforcedcomposites纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料Unit18nanotechnology

納米技術(shù)nanostructuredmaterials納結(jié)構(gòu)材料nanometernanoscale

納米納米尺度nanoparticle

納米顆粒nanotubenanowirenanorodnanoonionnanobulbfullerene

納米管納米線納米棒納米蔥納米泡富勒烯sizeparameters尺參sizeeffect

尺寸效應(yīng)criticallength臨界長mesoscopic

介觀的quantummechanics量子力學(xué)quantumeffects量效surfaceareaperunitmass單質(zhì)量的表面積surfacephysicsandchemistry表物理化學(xué)substrategraphene

襯底，基底石墨烯chemicalanalysis化學(xué)分析

(完word版材料專業(yè)常用術(shù)英語單詞表chemicalcomposition化學(xué)成分analyticaltechniques分技術(shù)scanningtunnelingmicroscope掃隧道顯微鏡spatialresolution空間分辨率deBrogilewavelength德布羅意波長meanfreepathofelectrons（電子）平均自由程quantumdot

量子點(diǎn)bandga