高二英語選修8第一單元知識點

AlandofdiversityUnit11.diversityU多樣性差異diversityofopinionsagreatdiversityofmethodsdiverseadj.不同的，多樣的

diverse_______多樣的文化culturesdiversifyv.使多樣化

diversifieddiversifieddiversifyingdiversifies我們的公司正力圖往多樣化發(fā)展ourcompanyistryingto_______.2.as……asyoucan盡可能as……aspossiblePleasehandyourhomeworkas___________asyoucan.請盡可能快的上交你的作業(yè)。Dobeas______asyoucanwithyourhomework.做作業(yè)時要盡可能地細(xì)心。quicklycareful請盡可能多地列出名勝古跡。Pleaselist____________________________parecompareAwithBcompareAtoBcomparativeadj.相對的comparisonN.比較，對照

incomparisonwith和……比起來

beyondcomparison無可比擬的wecomparetheyoungpeople____therisingsun.weshouldcomparethefirstreport____thesecond,whichisbetter?theyoungpeople___________therisingsun.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______paringB.comparesC.comparedD.tocomparetowitharecomparedtoC4.illustrate

vt.

解釋、說明

n.illustration5.meanmeansthtosb對sb來說有sth的含義meantodosthmeandoingsthtranslation這份工作對我來說意味著一切。Thisworkmeanseverythingtome.我打算辭去這份工作。Imeantoresignthiswork.那意味著我要失去一切。Thatmeanslosingeverythingforme!6.distinctionN.區(qū)別distinctadj.區(qū)別的7.livevi居住adj.活的，現(xiàn)場直播的live/alive/living/lively活的live前定現(xiàn)場直播living前定表語健在的

alive后定表語補語

生死之間的界限，活著的很有可能死，但還活著！lively活潑的，可愛的定語指物三個都可用位置不同指人不能用livewecaughtthebear_____.wecaughta_______bear.Wecaughta_______bear.Who'sthegreatestman____.Who'sthegreatest____man.alivelivelivinglivingalive2.補語aliveThebearwascaught_____.3.表語living/aliveMyfirstteacherisstill______.Thefishisstill_____.

比喻義：活像只用livingHeisthelivingimageofhisfather.固定短語makealivingalivelivingalive/livingliveon繼續(xù)存在，繼續(xù)生存liveonsth以……為食，靠……生存

feedonsth喂養(yǎng)livebydoingsth靠做某事生存liveupto達(dá)到，符合livethrough經(jīng)歷（災(zāi)難或其他困境而生存）Shediedtenyearsagobuthermemory______.Smallbirds______insects.Hehas__________twoworldwars.Hefailedto__________hisparents’expectations.livesonliveonlivedthroughliveupto8.Straitstraitsstraight同音thestraitsofDover多佛海峽theBeringstrait9.immigrantN.移民

immigrationN.移民

immigrateV.(tofrom)我將要移民到美國IwillimmigratetoAmerica我從中國移民到這的IimmigrateherefromChina10.means單復(fù)數(shù)同形N.方法，交通，工具a_____oftransportationCars,trains,etc.are____oftransportation.

mean/means

短語bythismeansbymeansof通過……的方式byallmeansbynomeans任何方式都不，絕不，一點都不（句首部分倒裝）ameanstoanenditisbynomeanscertain.完全不能肯定=Bynomeans______certain.isitmeans,way,approach,methodbymeansofinthewayapproachtosthamethodof/for/with11.die(died,died,dying,dies)diefrom(外因）:awound,lackoffood,anaccident,overwork,carelessness,drinking,someunknowncauses.dieof(內(nèi)因）：

hunger,cold,poison,illness,oldage,adisease,boredom,thirst,sorrow,disappointed,love,afever,heat.12.majorityN.大多數(shù)，大半

majorities反：minorityN.少數(shù)民族，較小少的。

The_____ofpeoplepreferTVtoradio.

大多數(shù)人喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽收音機majorN.主修的專業(yè)

adj.較重要的，較大的，主要的

v.主修

She_____inEnglishatuniversity.反：minortranslation她的主修專業(yè)是英語Hermajorisenglish.主干路amajorroad1)單獨做主語時,

強調(diào)整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)，強調(diào)個體,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2)themajorityof+n.

謂語動詞由后面的名詞決定。3)表示領(lǐng)先多少票數(shù)時用不定冠詞a。e.g.Hewaselectedbyamajorityof50.Themajority_________forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents_______hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage______easytorepair.is/areareis1)Atthemeeting,youngpeoplewere____.A.inmajorityB.inthemajorityC.ofmajorityD.ofthemajority2)Themajorityofstudents____treesinthefieldsandsomearecarryingwater.A.isplantingB.wasplantingC.areplantingD.wereplanting3)Themajority_____withme.A.agreesB.agreeC.areagreedD.isagreeB

C

B

13.makealife=earnone’slivingmakealiving=getalivinglivea……life/leada……lifecometolifecometoone’ssensebringsb/sthtolifebringbacktolife14.electelectionN.選舉elect選舉官銜，職位的名詞select有目的仔細(xì)地精選choose選擇pickout挑揀出，分辨出They_____himasmayor.Iwillletyou_____howyouaregoingtodie.Canyou_______yourbrotherinthiscrowd?electedchoosepickout16.percentagen百分比，百分率,比例percentN百分之……單復(fù)數(shù)同形用在數(shù)詞后，其他用percentage70_______ofstudentspasstheexam.70%ofstudentspasstheexamWhatisthe________ofCo2inair?percentpercentage17.includeincludingprep.包括included被包括manygirlslikefilms,_____Lily.manygirlslikefilms,Lily______.manygirlslikefilms,inclusiveofLilyinclude/contain

include主賓相關(guān)，總分。由某些成員組成.算入包含于….里面contain包括全部，或者一部分。容器內(nèi)有什么，什么東西含有什么成分，書包含幾個章節(jié)thebottle__________water.seawater_________salt.thisbook________12units，___2unitsaboutfairytales.thelist________hisnameI________himamongmyfriends.includingcontainscontainscontainsincludesincludes這個書包里有一本字典(還有其他東西）thebagincludesadictionary.這個書包里只有一本字典..thebagcontainsadictionary18.remain名詞剩余物;殘余；殘骸遺體，遺跡，遺址廢墟vi

留下，逗留

Theyremainedthereallthroughtheyear

剩下，余留

Thereremainedinthevillageonlywomenandchildren.

保持繼續(xù)3.link-v

仍然是，依舊是remain后可以跟：adj.thisroom~scoolallsummervedthishouseremainsunlivedvingheremainsstandingtheretobedonesomeproblemsremaintobesolvedN.heremainsanEnglishteacher.介詞短語afewapplesremainonthetree在考試期間他一直保持鎮(zhèn)定。heremainedcalmduringtheexam.那個本一直沒有被動過。thetextbookremainsuntouched她一直在那里睡覺。sheremainssleepingthere.一只小船停留在湖面上。aboatremainsonthelake.有幾項任務(wù)尚待完成severaltasksremaintobefinished他仍然是個醫(yī)生heremainsadoctor.19.population

人口

What’sthepopulationof…?

large/small

haveapopulationof…有多少人口anincrease/growthinpopulation人口謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)整體人口謂語動詞用單數(shù),表示部分人口時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。ThepopulationofChina______large.And70%ofthepopulationofChina_______peasants.翻譯廣州有多少人口？What’sthepopulationofGuangdong?isare中國有13億人口Chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.20.likelyItislikelythat…sb/sthislikelytodosth某人/物有可能做某事likely,possible,probable

按可能性程度

probable>likely>

possible,

likely主語人，物,

possible,probable卻只能用形式主語it.Itislikely/possible/probabletodosthSbislikelytodosthSbislikelythat句子Sheis______tosucceed.21.declare1.tomakeknownpubliclyorofficially2.tostatewithgreatforcessothatthereisnodoubtaboutthemeaning3.Tomakeafullstatement申報

Haveyouanythingtodeclare?declarewaron….向….開戰(zhàn)declare公正，正式明白的宣布。宣布結(jié)果，聲明個人立場announce把大家所關(guān)心的事情,特別是有新聞價值的,做口頭或正式的宣布。

Thechairmandeclaredtheresultsoftheelection.Thejudgedeclaredthethiefguilty.Hedeclaredthatitwastrue.22.influenceNhaveagoodinfluenceonsb/sth bad/strongundertheinfluenceof…..Thisisoneoftheschools_______in1980s.thisisoneoftheschoolswhichwerebuiltin1980sbuilttheydiedfromthediseasebrought

by

Europeans

過去分詞作定語,thediseasewhich

were

broughtbyEuropeans23.anumber

of“許多,大量”,修飾可數(shù)名詞manymanya/anagreat/goodmanyagood/largenumberof修飾不可數(shù)名詞muchagood/greatdealofalargeamountofamountsof修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞alotoflotsofaquantityofquantitiesofplentyofasupplyofsuppliesof1)Agoodmanypeople_______watchingonthebeachnow.A.isB.wasC.areD.were2)______thestudentsinperschoolgotocollegeintheirteens.A.AgoodmanyB.AgreatmanyofC.AgreatdealofD.AlotofAgood/greatmanyC

B

注意

amountsof與quantitiesof與amount和quantity保持一致

Largeamountsofmoneyarespentontobaccoeveryyear.

每年都要花大量金錢在煙草上。(2)manya+單數(shù)n.作短語,謂動用

Manyastudent_____toseethefilmHero.

很多學(xué)生想看電影《英雄》。單數(shù)wants24.

takein1)包括

Thispricetakesinthecostofalltheaccommodationandfood.

這個價格包括了食宿等一切費用。2)吸收,收留,收容,收養(yǎng),接待Ourpartybranchtook

inanewmemberyesterday.

我們黨支部昨天吸收了一名新黨員。3)理會,理解,記住Iwonderifhe’sreallytakingitin.我想知道他是否真正明白了。4)欺騙,使上當(dāng)Thesalesmanfindsiteasytotakeinoldladies.這個推銷員發(fā)現(xiàn)老太太容易上當(dāng)受騙。25.cattle

n.

集體名詞,指復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如:Wehavefive(headof)cattle.Thecattleareraisedonmyfarm.

類似集體名詞有people,police,folk,militia(民兵部隊)等。26.slipv.

滑,滑倒,失足

Abookslippedof/fromherhand.

書本從她的手中滑落。

n.[c]小錯誤

It’snormalforayoungmantomakeaslip.

年輕人犯錯誤很正常。skate

表示“(在冰面上)滑行”、“溜(冰)”

一般指滑冰運動;skid

表示“(人、車等行進(jìn)時因路面滑而向一側(cè))

打滑,滑倒”;slide

表示“(在冰、滑梯、跑道等上)滑行,滑動;

滑落”;slip

表示“失腳,滑跤”,常指由于不小心、路滑等而滑倒。Inwinterdrivershavetroublestoppingtheircarsfrom_____onicyroads.A.skatingB.skiddingC.slidingD.slippingB

4.Teamed

up

with

acouplefrommyhotelandhiredacar.team

up

with

與……合作或一起工作，與……結(jié)成一隊

Let’steamup!讓我們聯(lián)起手來吧!It’sapleasureto_____________suchanexcellentworker.與這樣的優(yōu)秀工人合作真是件愉快事。team

up

with5.hirev.

雇傭,租用Hiringacarispaidbythehour.Ihiredaprivatedetectivetolookintoit.hireout

出租

hireoneselfout(as)

受雇(當(dāng)……)Hehiredhimselfoutasabodyguardinacompany.rent租借(讓)土地、房屋、動產(chǎn)等。Doyouownorrentthevideo?錄像帶是你自己的還是租的？Hewillrentthisland(out)tomeat$1000ayear.他將把這塊土地以每年1000美元的價格租給我。be/goonholidaygostraighttodropone’sluggagegoexploringacablecargetaspectacularviewofabetterformoftransportit’stheplacetodosthfeellikedoinghavegoodideaofidea印象,感想在度假直接去……放下行李去探索纜車觀看美景一種更好的交通方式這是做某事的地方想要做某事對……有很好的了解Phrases

anumberofallsortsoftakeferryallowsb.todosthattempttodosthpulloutofbefamousforleaveoutit’sone’sturntodosthmakesurethat….teamupwithmarkout大量的各種各樣的乘輪渡允許某人做某事試圖做某事從……中拉出來因為……而出名省略,遺漏輪到某人做某事確信,確保……與……合作/一起工作劃線標(biāo)出……界限Only____thismethodcanyougetmuchbenefitfromitwhenreading.A.inB.onC.withD.byWelookforwardtothedaywhenthemotorcarhasbeenreplacedbysomelessdangerous______oftransport.A.meansB.methodsC.waysD.mannersCA1)Weexpressourthoughts_____words.A.bythismeansB.byallmeansC.bynomeansD.bymeansof2)--MayIhavealookatyourbook?--_____.A.BythismeansB.ByallmeansC.BythiswayD.Byanymeans3)Everymeans_____beentried,andallmeans____wellnow.A.have;goB.has;goC.have;goesD.has;goesD

B

B

Theresultisexpressed________________(以百分比)._______________________(比例越來越大)ofthepopulationowntheirownhouses.____________________(大部分)peoplecame.____________________(百分之五十的學(xué)生)camefromworker’sfamily.asapercentage

Anincreasingpercentage

Alargepercentageof

50percentofstudentsTom______________theplan.(湯姆反對這個計劃)______________willgotoShanghaiaftergraduation.(大多數(shù)人畢業(yè)后都會去上海)3.______________________studentscanpasstheexam.(少數(shù)學(xué)生能通過這次考試)4.We______________________tenyears.(我們已經(jīng)合作10年了)5._______________________travelisbyplane.(旅行的最快方式是乘飛機)6.We_________________theenemy.(已向敵人宣戰(zhàn))objectedto

ThemajorityAsmallpercentageofhave

teamedupforThequickestmeans

of

declaredwaronFillintheblanks.

7.Themanageaskedth