2023年大學(xué)生英語競賽類研究生初賽英語真題

全國大學(xué)生英語競賽A類考試2０23年預(yù)賽試題PartⅠListｅningCompreheｎsｉonSeｃtiｏnＡIntｈｉｓsecｔｉｏn,youwillhｅar6ｓｈoｒｔcｏnversatｉons．Attheenｄｏfeａchcｏnｖｅｒｓaｔiｏn,aquｅsｔiｏnwｉｌlbｅasｋｅdaboutwhaｔwaｓｓaｉd.Bｏththｅcｏnversａt(yī)ionａｎdtheｑｕestioｎwillbereａｄｏnｌyonｃｅ.Aftereaｃhqueｓtｉon,therewillbeapauｓe.Dｕringtｈepausｅ,youmuｓtrｅadthetｈreeｃｈoｉｃesmarkedA,ＢａｎdC，ａnddecideｗhichisthebesｔaｎsｗer.ThenmａrktｈｅcorrespoｎｄinｇlｅtteｒonｔhｅAｎｓwerSｈeｅtwiｔhasingｌelinｅｔhrｏughtheｃeｎtre.1.A．Workiｎthｅgarden.B.Gotothebeaｃｈ．Ｃ．WatｃhTV．２.A．7８.B.３9．C．36.３.A.Abook.B．Afilｍ.C.Ａnｅxｈiｂition.4.A.Ｔｈeitemｉsmoreexpensｉvetｈansheexｐｅcted.B.Theitemｈaｓbeenｓeriouslydaｍagｅd.C.Ｔheitemobvioｕsｌyｄoesn'tｓｅrｖeheｒpuｒｐｏsｅ．5.Ａ.Ｅxｃｉｔed.Ｂ．Annoｙed.C.Wｏｒried.6.A．Itwillbefinｅ．B．Iｔwilｌｂetoｏlong.C.Ｉtwiｌlbeboｒing.SeｃｔionBInthissｅｃｔion，ｙouｗillｈｅaronｅｌｏｎｇcoｎｖersatｉon.Ｔheｃoｎvｅrsationwillｂerｅadoｎｌyonce.Atthｅeｎｄoftheconversａt(yī)ioｎ,thereｗｉllｂｅaｏne-ｍinuｔepauｓe．Duringthepause，youmｕstreａdｔhefourqueｓtions,eａchwiｔhthrｅechoiｃesmarkedＡ,ＢandC，ａnddｅcidewｈichｉsｔｈｅbestａｎswer.TｈｅnmaｒkｔhｅcｏrreｓpondinglｅttｅroｎthｅＡnswerＳｈeｅtｗｉtｈasinglelｉnethrｏughthecenｔｒe．Qｕestiｏｎｓ７-1０arebasedｏｎthｅｌoｎgｃｏｎversatioｎyouhａveｊuｓtｈearｄ.7.Hｏwｌoｎgdoesiｔtakeｔhemantｏgettｏworｋｅverymorning？A.Nearlｙaｎhｏur.B.Halfａnhour.C．Mｏreｔhanａnhｏuｒ.８.Wｈydoｅｓtｈemaｎskｉpbrｅakfａst?A.Ｈｅ'sｎoｔhuｎgｒyｉｎthｅmornｉｎgｓ．B．Ｈeｄｏesn'ｔhavetimeforiｔ.C.Ｈetｈｉnkswhaｔnｕtｒitionexpｅｒtsｓayisｒubbisｈ.9.Ｗhatdｏeｓthewｏｍaｎｓuggｅsｔtheｍanｄｏ？Ａ．Planｈｉstimebetter.B.Hａvｅasaｎdwichupoｎarrｉvaｌａt(yī)work.C.Ｅatｍoreａt(yī)lｕnchｔime.10.Whatdothｅspeakersdecｉdｅtｏdo?A.Grａｂsomethｉｎgtoeattogetｈer.B．Buｙapacｋoｆbｉｓcuｉｔsfoｒｌunch.Ｃ.Treaｔthｅmselvesｔｏaniｃeｍeａｌ.SeｃｔionＣＩnthissectｉon，youwilｌｈear１０ｓｈortｎewｓitems.Ａｆtereａｃhitem,thｅrewillbeaｐaｕse.Duringtｈepaｕsｅ,yｏｕmustｒeadｔhequeｓtioｎaｎdthetｈrｅｅｃhｏicesmarｋedＡ,BaｎdC,anddecideｗhichｉstｈeｂestaｎswｅｒ．TｈenmarkthｅcoｒｒｅspondinｇｌetteroｎtheＡnsweｒShｅetwitｈaｓingｌelinethrｏuｇhtｈeceｎtre.１1.What'sthｅｎａt(yī)ｉonalｉtｙoｆthｏsｅwhodｉedinawesｔｅrnOklａhomaacｃｉdent?A．Canａdｉan.B.Aｍｅrican.C.Mｅxicａn.１2．HowｍanyＡｎgolaｎfａmilieｓｈavｅbｅenevｉctediｎtｈｅpastｓｉｘyeａrs?A.Ａbout１０,000ｆamiｌieｓ.B.Ａbout1,０00ｆamｉｌｉｅs.C.Abouｔ100,000ｆaｍilies．1３.Ｗhichcｏｕｎｔrｙwaｓtｈｅdeｓtinatiｏnoｆｔｈｅsｍuggｌeduranium２38?A.Ｉraｎ．B.Tanzａnia.C.TheDemocrａｔｉｃRepｕｂｌicｏｆ14.ＷhｙdiｄｔheGｕiｎeａｎｙouｔhsgoｏｎｄemonstration？A.Tocomｂaｔmilitaryintervｅntion．B.Toｓupporｔthestrikingworｋers．C．Toｐrｏtesｔagaｉnstthｅｌocalmedia.１5.WｈerewasHeｎryＴombｅkasｓaulted？A.ＩnＴamworth．B.ＩnSｙdnｅｙ.C.ＩnSudａn.１6.HowlongdiｄtheＡSEＡN'ｓｓｅparatesumｍitmｅetinglaｓｔ?A.Oｎedａｙ．B.Twodays．C.Threedayｓ．１7.ＷhatdoesthenewsitｅmsayａboutSenatoｒＯbama?Ａ.Heｗon'ttakeparｔiｎthｅpｒeｓidｅntｉalｅlectioncampａｉgn.B.HeｉsｔhｅｏｎｌyAfriｃａｎ-AmericanintheU.S.Sｅnａt(yī)e.C.HｅiｓtｈeｍoｓtpopuｌarpｏlｉtｉciａnamoｎgＡfｒican-Americans．1８.WhatiｓｔheaverａgeａgeinSｏuthAｓiａnsforhｅａｒtattack？A.5８oｒ59.B.45or46．C.５3ｏr５4．1９.HowdidＰrｅsideｎtThahｏＭｂekireactｔoｔhｅreｐortsoｆｔｈｅsuccｅsｓiｏnbaｔtle?A．Bｙcreatiｎgaｓｃeｎeoｆunity．B.Ｂyａvoiｄingeｎcountｅｒingthｅｍｅdia.C.Byｒecommeｎdinｇasｕcceｓsorhetrｕsts．2０.ＷhatawarddｉｄｔhefilmＢaｂelgｅｔ?A.ThｅGoldeｎGlobｅｆorｂｅｓｔdirｅctｏｒ．B．TheＧoldｅnGlobeforbesｔdrａmaticｐiｃｔｕre.C.ThｅGoldｅnGlobefoｒbestactoｒ.SｅcｔionDＩnthissｅction,yoｕｗillheaｒoｎepassageoｎcｅ.Youarereｑuiredｔomａkｅsomｅneｃessarynoteｓwhｅｎｙoulisｔｅntoit.Ａfteryouheartheｐａｓsage，yｏuｓhoulｄcomｐｌetetｈeｓummａrybｅlowusｉnｇｔｈeｅxacｔwｏrｄsｙouhearfｒomtｈeｒｅｃordｉng,notｅｘｃeｅdingthrｅeｗordsineachblank.RemｅmｂertｏwｒｉtetheanｓweｒsoｎthｅAnswｅrSheet．Aｎ(21),ｇiｖingｉnformationｏnmoreｔhaｎthｒeequaｒtersofｔhｅaｃｔors（22)ｉnBrｉｔain,ｉsｎowavaｉlableonCD－ROＭ.Somｅtｈeａt(yī)rical(23)havｅoｖer500actoｒｓonthｅｉｒ(24）anｄiｔiｓｄiｆｆｉｃｕltｔoremeｍbeｒalltheiｒ(25)Theｄatabaselistsiｎforｍａt(yī)ionｏnover５,5０0ａctoｒsａndcanbesearcｈｅdforｄetailssuchasｐast（２６)theyhaｖeａpｐearedin，(27）theyｍiｇｈthａvｅ,anｄeveｎthｅｃolourｏfｔｈｅｉreyeｓ.Thｅｄatａbasecａnquicklylocａt(yī)eｐeｒsonwｉth(2８)ａｎｄ,althoｕghｓomｅaｃtorsｆeelｉtiｓtooimpersoｎaltobeofｍuchuｓe,ｉtｉscertainｔｏchaｎgetｈewaｙａｃtorsaｒｅchoseｎｆorpaｒtsｉn(２9).Rinｇｔheｆｏllowingtelｅphoｎｅnumbｅrfoｒfuｒｔherｅnquirieｓａboｕtthｅ(３0):0171-379-6０00．PartⅡVoｃａｂularyandＳtructｕreTherｅare１5incoｍpleｔesentｅｎcｅsiｎｔhispart．ＦｏreachblａnktｈｅｒｅarefouｒchoicｅsmａｒｋeｄA,B,CandD．Choｏsetｈeonｅthatpｌetesｔｈeseｎｔence.ＴheｎmａｒkthecorrespondingletteｒｏntheAnswｅｒＳheｅｔwithaｓinglｅlｉｎethｒouｇhｔhecenｔre.3１.Emaｉlneｗslettｅｒmarkｅtingｉsmｏreｃost-effeｃtivethan__＿_(dá)＿＿anyothｅｒｆｏrｍofｍaｒkｅtinｇｔhatafｉrmdoes.A．ｒeａllyB.utterｌyＣ.practicallyＤ.sｐeｃially32.Ithinｋmyｐｒoｂlemsaｔwork______ｔheｆａctthatIｎeveｒreａlｌywａｎtｅdｔogoinｔｏaccｏuntanｃyaｓacarｅer.A.bringbackB.sｔirｕpC．lｉebehiｎdD．spriｎgfrom3３.Thebill，whｉcｈwasapｐrovedinｉtｓｆirstｒeading,banstobaccoadｖｅrtisingiｎtｈｅmｅdia，_＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)ｓｐｏnsorsｈipofｐubｌｉcevenｔsｂｙｔｏbaccopｒoｄｕｃeｒs.A．ａndsｏdｏesB．nｏrwａｓitsC.aswｅlｌaｓＤ.aｎdmightasｗell34.______wｉｔhtｈetrutｈinsmallmaｔterscannｏtｂｅtrｕstedwｉtｈimportantmatters.A.NomatteｒwhoiscareleｓsB．WhoｅveriscａrｅlｅｓsC.ＨeｉscareｌesｓＤ．Asiｓcareleｓs３5.Tｈａt(yī)week'stalenｔincludedaｓpectaculaｒdancｅteaｍｆｒomAｒgｅnｔina，apopularrｏcｋgｒｏｕｐ,aｔoｐvocａｌiｓtａｎdａmagiｃian＿＿_(dá)___．Ａ.wｈiｃhmaｄeeｖeryｔhinginsｉghｔdｉｓaｐpｅarB.thaｔwasmakingａｌlａt(yī)sightdisaｐpeａｒC．whｏｍadeallatsighｔtｏdｉsａpｐearＤ.whomadeeverythinginsiｇhｔdisappｅaｒ36.Ispentaｌltｈewinｔｅrｂreaｋwithmyｆriends.Notasingleday____＿_(dá)afｅｗhｏursｔｏmy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holｅsｔrｕcturｅiｓｖｉrtuａllyｉnｃompressible.Asforｓusｐenｄedanｉmation,tｈetricｋofsurvｉｖingbuｒialanddrowninｇreliesonｔｈefaｃｔthａｔyｏucａnｌiveforｓhｏrtｐeｒiodｓontheairinaconfiｎedｓpace.Tｈeａｉｒsｈｉfteｄbyａｎaverageｐerｓoninadａywｏｕｌdocｃupｙａcuｂejusteightfeｅtsqｕare．Ｔhｅbuｉld-uｐofcarbonｍｏｎoｘideteｎdstoｐollutｅthisｓupply,buｔ,ifyoucaｎrelax,tｈeaｉrｉnａcuffsｈoｕlｄkeeｐｙougｏingfoｒｈalｆａnhouｒorｓo.Inotherｗords,thereｗａsnoｔhiｎgphyｓicalｌyremarｋａｂlｅaboutHoudｉniexceptfｏｒhisbraveｒｙ,ｄexｔerityａndfitｎｅss.Hisnervｅｗassｏcoｏｌthathecｏuｌｄremainｉnacoｆfinsixfeeｔundergrｏuｎduntilｔheｙcａmｅtodigｈiｍuｐ.Hisgingersweresoｓtｒongtｈathecｏuldundoａbｕckleoｒmanipuｌatｅｋeｙｓｔｈrougｈthｅｃaｎvａsofastrａit-ｊacｋｅtoｒａｍaｉlhag.Ｈeｍａdeａcｏｍprehｅnｓivｅｓtuｄyoflｏｃｋsaｎdwasａbletoconceaｌlｏｃk-picksａboutｈisｐersoninａwaywｈichfooｌedeveｎthｅｄoｃtｏｒswｈoexamiｎedhim.Whentｈeyｌockedhimiｎtheprisonvaｎhesｔilｌｈadaｈacksawbladｅwｉｔhｗｈichｔｏsawtｈｒoｕｇhｔhejｏinｓiｎtｈｅmeｔａlliniｎｇaｎdgeｔaccｅssｔoｔheｐlanｋsｏｆthefloor.Asanｅnterｔａinｅｒheｃombinedaｌlthｉssｔｒengtｈandingenuitywithａloｔｏftrｉcｋery.Ｈisstageｅsｃapｅｓtoｏkplacebｅhindａcuｒｔaiｎwithanorcｈestｒaplayinｇｔodisｇuiｓetｈｅｂangingａｎｄsawing.Ｔhｅｍilkｃhurniｎwhichｈｅwasｌocｋedhadａdoｕblelinｉnｇｓoｔhat,wｈilethelidwaslockeｄontothｅrim，tｈｅrimｗａsnｏｔactuａｌlyattａcｈeｄｔotｈechuｒｎ．Hoｕdｉｎｉmerelyhadtｏstandｕｐｔｏgｅtout.Ｔhemaiｌｓaｃkheｃutopenatｔheseamａｎdseweduｐwｉｔhsｉmilａrｔhread．Ｔhebankｓaｆefrｏmwhiｃｈheｅｍerｇｅdhadbeenseｃrｅtｌyworkedonbyhiｓｍechanicsfor24houｒsbeｆorｅtheｐｅｒformａncｅ．AlｌHoudini'sfｅａｔsarｅeminentlyexplicａblｅ,althougｈtoexplainthem,ｅvｅｎnow，isakindoｆherｅsy.Houdiniｂｅlongｓtothatbandofｍythicalｓuｐｅrmenwｈo,ｗeｌｉketobelieｖe,werｅcapableｏｆmiraｃlesandwｏｕldstｉlｌbealivetodayｗeｒｅｉtnotfoｒsomeｐｉｅceofｌoｗｔｒickery．Iｔ'ｓsaｉｄofHouｄiniｔhaｔapunｃｈiｎhisbellywhenｈｅwａｓn＇tprepareｄforitcauｓedhｉsbｕrｓtaｐｐｅndix.Autｏmaticａｌly,it＇sｖirtualｌyimｐoｓsｉbleｔhaｔapｕｎcｈcouｌdpｕｎctureyｏurgut,butthestｏｒyendｕｒes.Sｏmｅｈowｔhemyｔhofｔhｅsｕpｅrmａnhａsaｎevengｒeａｔeｒａpｐealthaｎｔheｅｄiｆiceｏfｔwenｔy-fiｒsｔcｅnturyｌoｇic．Ｑｕｅstｉoｎs:5１.Intｈｅfｉrstparａgrａpｈ,ｗhａt(yī)ｄoｅsthewritｅrsayＨｏudinｉｍanagedtodo？A．Ｊumｐupsideｄｏwnfrｏmaskyscrapｅｒ．B．Ｓａfｅlyescapefｒomasubmergedbｏx.C.Ｂreakthelｏcｋsｏfaprisonｖanfroｍinsｉde.D．Escapｅfｒｏmａburiedcoffinunｈｕrt．52．ＴhｅwｒitermentioｎsHoudiｎｉ＇sｂurialalｉvetoｓｈowtｈat_____＿.A.ｈisｔriｃkssｏmetimesｗｅnｔdiｓastroｕslyｗroｎgＢ.heｗａsnｏｔalwaysabｌetｏdowhatheｃlaｉmedheｃouldC.ｈｅwascapaｂｌeｏfｅxtrａoｒdiｎarｙｆeatｓofsurvivalＤ．ｈisｆｅaｒｏｆcｏnfinｅdｓpaceｓcoulｄreadiｌybeoverｃome5３．ＴhewｒitersuggｅststhatＣoｎanDoyle__＿_(dá)__.Ａ.ｗasleｓsanａlyticaｌaｂoｕtHｏudiniｔhaｎｏnemighthavｅeｘpecｔedB.ａskedＨｏｕdｉｎｉifhｅｃoｕldｉｎcludehiｍｉnaSｈerlockHolmesstoryＣ.felｔthatHｏudinicoulｄmakemoremoｎeｙｉｎotherwaysＤ.thouｇhtthereweresｃｉｅnｔificeｘplaｎationsｆorHouｄini'ｓfeaｔs５４．Thewrｉtercomestoｔhecｏnｃｌｕsiｏnｔhａt(yī)Houdｉnｉ__＿_(dá)＿_(dá).A.hadanuｎusｕａlbonesｔruｃｔurｅB．ｃouldmaｋeｐａｒtsoｆｈisｂodｙsmａllerC.ｃｏuldmakehimｓｅlffaｌlaｓleｅpeasilyD.wasnotｐhｙsicａｌｌyａbｎｏrmal５5.ItappeａrsthaｔHoｕdｉniwasabletoｅｓｃapｅfroｍａstｒａｉt－ｊaｃkｅtby＿＿_(dá)___.A.ｈiｄingaｌｏcｋ-pｉckinhiｓpｏcｋｅtB．ｕndoingiｔsｂuckｌeswithhisfingｅrｓC.cｕtｔiｎgtｈeｃanｖａsｗithａhacksawD.ｕｓingablaｄeｈehaｄconcealed5６．ThewritｅｒstatesthatwheｎHｏudｉnieｓcａｐedfroｍtｈemilkcｈurｎ＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá).Ａ.thｅroｌｅoftheorcheｓtrawａsimpｏrtanｔB．heｍaｄeuseofｔhehackｓａwtofreeｈiｍｓelfC.tｈecｏntａinerhadｂeenmoｄifiedｂeｆorehandD．hewasinfullsightoftheａudｉenｃe57.Aｃcoｒdingtotheｗriter，howdopeｏｐｌerｅgａrdHoｕdiniｎoｗaｄａyｓ?A.Theywａnttｏhｅartheｓｃientificeｘplaｎaｔiｏｎsfｏｒhisfeａｔｓ.B．Ｔｈeyprｅfeｒtobelievetｈathehaｄｅxｔｒaordinaryｐｏwers.C.Theyrｅｆusetobelieｖethｅstｏryofhowhedied．D.Tｈeyｄoubtthefacttｈａt(yī)heｅverｒeａｌlyexistｅｄ．SｅctionBInｔhissectｉoｎ,thｅreiｓonｅpasｓａgｅｆoｌｌｏwｅｄby7ｓtateｍｅnts.GｏovertheｐassageｑuｉcklyanｄmaｒktheaｎsweｒsｏntheAnｓwerSheet．Forｑueｓｔｉonｓ５8-6４,mａrkY（forYeｓ)ifthestatｅmentａgreeswitｈtheinｆｏrｍationgiveniｎｔhepassage；N（ｆorNo)ｉfthesｔaｔemｅｎtcｏntradｉctsｔhｅinfoｒmａt(yī)ioｎｇiｖeninthｅpａssage;NG(ｆorNotＧｉven)iｆtheｉnｆｏrｍatｉｏniｓnoｔｇivenintｈepasｓage.Ｑｕesｔions58-6４arebasedｏｎtｈｅfoｌloｗingpassage.Thｅneｅdfｏrａsatisfａｃatｉonismorｅimpoｒtanttｈaneveｒbefore．Nowadays,wiｔhoｕtａｑｕａlｉfｉcationｆromarepｕtableschooloruniｖeｒsitｙ，tｈeoddｓｏｆｌａｎdｉnｇtｈａt(yī)plumjｏbadvertiｓedinthｅpapｅｒａrecｏnsiｄeｒabｌyｓhoｒtｅned.Moreovｅr,one＇spｒeseｎｔleveｌofeducatｉoｎcouldfallwellｓhｏｒｔoｆfutｕrecareeｒrequｉｒｅmentｓ.Itisｎｏsecｒeｔｔｈａt(yī)competitiｏnisｔhedriｖingfｏrｃebｅhｉndthenｅedtooｂｔaｉninｃreａsiｎｇlyhｉgｈerqualiｆicａt(yī)ioｎs.Inthemａjoriｔyｏfcases,ｔheｕｒｇｅtoupgradeｉsnｏｌｏngerthereｓulｔofaninｓatiableｔhirstforknｏwlｅdgｅ．Theprｅssurｅiscｏmingfromwithｉnthｅworｋpｌacｅｔocｏmｐetｅwitｈｅvermｏrｅqｕalifiedjobaｐpｌｉcanｔs,aｎdinmaｎｙoccｕpatiｏnsｏｎemｕstnｏｗｂattlｅwithcｏlｌeａguｅsintherｅshuffleforthｅpositiｏnｏnealrｅadyｈoｌds．Striｖingtobeｃoｍebｅttereｄucａt(yī)eｄishardｌyanewcoｎcept.Wｅalthypａrｅntshaveaｌｗayｓbｅenwillｉngtｏspｅndtｈevastamｏｕｎｔsofｅｘtraｍｏｎeynecessａrytoｓendthｅｉｒｃhiｌdrentoscｈoｏｌswitｈapeｒcｅivedｅｄucａt(yī)ionalｅdｇｅ.Woｒkｉｎgａｄultshavｅlｏngatｔendｅdnightsｃｈooｌsandrefresｈercourses.Cｏｍpetitioｎforemplｏymeｎthaｓbｅenａroｕndsinｃｅtheｃurseｏfworkingforahｙingbｅgaｎ.Ｉsthｅｐｒｅseｎtsｉｔuationsoverydiffeｒｅnｔｔothatoftｈepast？Ｔheｄiffｅrｅncenowiｓｔhatthepushiｓuniｖerｓalａｎdｆｒｏmwｉthoutaｓweｌlａｓwitｈiｎ.Ａstudentａｔaｃomｐrｅhenｓｉveｓcｈoolreceｉvinglｏwｇradｅsiｓnolｏngeｒａseａsｉｌyａcceptedbｙhｉsorｈerpeeｒsaswasoncethecasｅ.Similａrlｙ,inthｅworkpｌaｃe,unｌeｓseｍployeesareengagedinpaｒt-timｅstuｄy，thｅymａｙbｅｆrowneduponbythｅiｒemploｙersandpeersａndhavediｆficultyｅvensｔanｄｉngstill.Inｆａｃt,inｔｈesecaseｓ,tｈeeｘpｅctａｔｉonｓisforcaｒeerstogobａcｋｗardsanｄearniｎｇcaｐaｃitytotａkeanａpprｅｃiablｅnｏsedive.Ａtfｉrsｔglanｃe，ｔhesituaｔionwoulｄsｅｅmtｏbelaudable;aｐosiｔｉveresponseｔothｅeｘhorｔatioｎsofｐｏliticiａnsｆorusａlltｏraisｅourintellectuaｌsｔandardsandhelpimpｒｏｖetｈｅlｅveｌｏfｉｎteｌｌigeｎcｅwithintｈｅcoｍmｕnｉｔy.Yeｔthereareserｉｏｕｓｒaｍificaｔionsａccordiｎgｔoａt(yī)leａstoｎeeｄｕｃatｉonａlｐsycｈologist.Dr.BreｎｄａnGａt(yī)sbyhasｃausｅdsoｍｅcontrｏversyiｎａcademiｃcirclesbysｕggesｔｉｎgthａｔabiａstowarｄswhathｅterms＂pａperｅxceｌleｎce"migｈtｃausemoreprobｌeｍsthaniｔissｕpｐｏsｅdｔosolｖe.Gａt(yī)sｂyrａｉseｓanumbｅｒｏfisｓuesthataffeｃttheｉｎdｉｖidｕaｌａsｗｅllａssｏcietyｉngeneraｌ.Firｓtly,hebｅlｉｅvesthｅextraｗｏｒkｌｏaｄinvoｌvedisｒesuｌtiｎginａbnormallyhighstressleｖelsinbotｈｓtudｅｎtｓpreｈｅnsiveschoolsandａdｕｌtｓstuｄｙiｎgafｔeｒwｏrkinghoｕrs.Ｓecoｎdly,ｓkilｌｓwhiｃhmｉghtbｅｍｏrｅreｌeｖａntｔotheundertaｋingｏｆaｓought－afterjｏbarebeingｏｖｅrloｏkｅdｂyemｐloyersnotｉnteｒｖｉewingcaｎｄiｄateswiｔhｏｕtquaｌｉｆicationsonpaper.Ｔｈesetwｏareａsｏｆconceｒｎfortｈeindｉvｉduａlaｒecauｓｉngphｙｓiｃalaswｅｌlasemotionalｓtｒｅｓs.Ｇatsbｙａlsoａrgｕesｔhatthｅｒeareatｔiｔudiｎalｃhaｎgｅswithｉnｓoｃieｔytotheexａlｔｅｄｒoleedｕcatｉonnoｗpｌａysiｎdetｅrminｉnｇhowthespoilｓofworｋｉnｇｌｉfearｅdistributed.Individualsｏfａllagｅsaｒebeingdrivenbysocialｐrｅｓsurｅstｏaｃhieｖeacａdemicｓuccesssoleｌｙforｍonetaｒycｏnsideratｉonｓinsteａdofforthejoｙoｆenligｈtｅnment.Thereisｔhedanｇerｔhａt(yī)ｓomeunｉｖersｉｔｉesaｒebeｃomｉngｄｅgreｅfaｃtorieswiｔhanatｔendanｔdropｉnstandａrｄs．Furthermore，cationsystemmaybeｒｅwａｒdingdoggedneｓsaboｖｅcreatiｖｉｔｙ;theｖeｒythｉngtｕtorsoughｔtｏbeｅｎcoｕraginguｓtoavoid.Buttｈemostｕndesｉrablｅeffectｏfthｉｓaｃadｅmicpaｐeｒchａse,Gatsｂysays,ｉsthedisadvantageｔhａt(yī)＂ｕserpａys"hiｇhereｄucａt(yī)ionconferｓｏnｔhｅpoor,whｏｉnvariablyloseoutｔotｈemorｅfinanciａllyｆａvoｕred.Natｕｒally,aｌthoｕghtherｅisagreementthatlearningcaｎcausｅstrｅｓs，Gａｔsｂy'scommeｎtsrｅgardｉnguniｖｅrsitｙｓtaｎｄaｒdshavebｅｅnroｕｎdｌycritｉcizｅdasalarmiｓtbymoｓｔｅducａt(yī)ionｉｓｔｓwhopｏiｎtoｕtthaｔ，ｂyaｎysｔandardofｍeaｓｕｒｅｍent,Ｂrｉtaｉｎ'sｅducatiｏnsysteｍoｖeraｌl,ａｔｂothsecoｎｄaryandtｅrｔiaryｌevels，ｉｓｅqｕalｔｏｔｈatofａnyiｎthewoｒld.Sｔateｍenｔｓ:58．Ｉtisimpｏssibｌetheｓedaｙstogetagｏodjobｗitｈoutaquaｌificatiｏｎfromareｓｐecｔediｎｓtｉtution.59.Mostpeｏpｌeｗｈoｕｐgradetheirｑuaｌificａｔionsdoｓｏfｏrthejoyｏfleaｒniｎｇ．60．Iｎsomejｏbs,theｐositionyｏuｈoldmｕstｂerｅappliedfoｒ.61.Somepaｒｅntssｐendextｒaonｔheirchildrｅn'ｃaｔiｏｎｂecａusｅoftｈｅｐreｓtigｅattachｅdtｏｃｅrｔａinscｈoｏｌs.6２.Aｃcordｉｎｇｔothepａssagｅ,stｕdentswｈopｅrfoｒmｅｄbadｌyatｓｃhoｏluｓedtｏbｅaccepｔeｄbｙthｅirclassmates.63.Employeeswhodonotuｎｄertaｋｅexｔrastｕdyｍａyfinｄｔheiｒsalａrｙdecreaseｄｂyemploｙｅrs.64.Citizｅｎsappeａｒｔｏhaverｅｓpondedtothｅcaｌlbypｏliｔｉciａnｓtobｅｃomebetterqｕalifｉed.SeｃtioｎＣYｏｕaｒegｏｉngtｏreadamａgazineaｒtｉcleabｏutsaｎd.Sｉxsｅntenceshavebeｅnrｅmovedfroｍtheaｒtｉcle.Ｃhoosefroｍtｈesentencｅs(A-G）tｈeonewｈichfitseaｃｈgap(65-7０).Ｔｈeｒeisoneextraseｎteｎｃｅwhichyｏuｄｏnotnｅedtｏｕｓe.ＭarkyｏｕｒａnsｗeｒsontｈｅAｎswerＳheeｔ.Qｕestions６５-70arebasｅｄonthｅfｏllｏwingｐaｓsaｇe.Oｎeoftheｔhiｎｇsyoｕngpeoplefｉnｄｉｒritatｉｎgislisteniｎgｔｏtheiｒpａrenｔsgoingｏnandonaboｕthoｗevｅrythiｎgwasmeｒｃialｉzedwｈｅntheyｗerｅkｉds.Tｈｅcomｐlaintｏｆtenｈeaｒdfrompｅｏpleoveｒ３5reｆerｓtｏcommerciａlizatiｏｎinthemｕsicindustry.Everytimeａnｏthergirｌbanｄorｂoybａndappeａrｓ,ｔhisｏldeｒgeneｒａｔionｃrｉtｉｃiｚeｓthｅnewｇrｏupforbeingａrｔiｆicｉaｌ,forｎｏtbｅinｇgenuinｅ,dｅdicatedmuｓｉciansoｒsingｅrs.Tｈeycｌａiｍthatallｐｏpgroｕpsinｔhe６0＇saｎdthe７0'sweｒeｔrueａrｔists,dｅdicａｔeｄoｎlytoｔhｅiｒmusic,ａnｄtｈensuｄdenlybigbuｓinesstookｃｏntｒol.(6５).Oｌderpeｏplewｈogeｔnostalgicａbouttheｇooｄｏlddａysｏfmｕsiｃ，ｂeforｅｍaｎufaｃtｕredｍuｓicｇroｕpsinthe1990's,shｏuｌdbeｒeｍinｄedoｆＴｈeAｒchies.TheAｒcｈiesmadenoｐｒｅtensｅofｂeingareａｌbａndｉnｔhefｉｒstｐlａｃe.（６6)Butｔhisｄｉdｎ＇tstｅpthemｆrｏmhaｖｉnganumberonehitwiｔhasｏnｇcalled＂SugarＳugａｒ＂，whｉｃhtopｐｅdthechartsforfｏｕrweeksiｎ１９6９.(67)Foｕryounｇmｅnansweredaｎadfor"ｆouｒfolkandrocｋmusiｃiａｎstoaｐpｅａｒｉｎａTVseries＂anｄwerｅtｈeｎpａckａｇedａsTheMｏnｋees.Frｏmtheoutseｔ,itwasｍadecleａrthaｔTｈeMonkeeｓwerehirｅdｔobetｅlevisiｏnacｔorsfirstａndmusicianｓsecｏnd.Tｈegroupwouldn'tｄｏmuchmｏrｅthansｉngalthoｕｇｈtheserｉesｗouldｇｉvethｅｉmpressｉoｎtｈattheyplayｅｄｔheirowninstrumeｎts．TheMｏｎkｅeswerｅrealanｄ,toacertaiｎexteｎt,musical.Ｔheｙhａdａstrｉngｏｆｈitｓ,someverｙ"memorａble．(68)Ｔheoriｇinalmateriaｌtheywoｕldsingiｎthesｅrｉeswaswｒiｔtenｍoｓtlyｂyprｏfｅsｓionalsｏngwrｉｔers.Howdｉffｅrenttoａgrｏuｐｏfｒeａｌ,ｔaleｎｔｅｄｉndividualslikeThｅBeatｌes!Wｅll,notｅnｔirely．Itisofｔｅnforｇottｅnｔｏｄａytｈａt(yī)themanａgerｏfThｅBeａt(yī)lｅs，ＢrｉanEpsteｉn,gavethｅmtｈedｉsｔinｃtive"Bｅaｔlelｏok＂（BeatlejａｃketsａndBeａｔlehairstyles）ａnｄcleｖｅrlyｍarketｅｄｔhｅirsoｎgs.Ifｈehadn'tdonｅso，ｔｈｅbandmｉghtnevｅｒhａｖehadｔhoseｅａｒlyhitｓ．(６9).Ｔｈingｓhaｖｅcｈangｅddramaｔicaｌlyinthemuｓｉｃｉnｄusｔry．Mａnagersplayanimportantroｌeｉndeｃidinｇwhatkiｎdofｍusicwｉlｌappｅａltosｐｅcifictarｇetgroupsaｎdthenfindsｉnｇersandｍuｓiciaｎsableｔopｒｏｄuceit.Forthelastfiｆtyyｅars,popsingeｒsａndgroupshａvｅｈadmａｎａｇerｓwhosｈａpedtheminａnattempttomakｅtheirrecｏrdsbｉｇhｉtｓ.(70).A.Itmｕｓｔbeobviｏｕｓthattｈisisacompｌｅteexagｇeration;thｅｍuｓicindｕsｔryhａｓalwayｓaｃtedthisｗay.B．Wｈicｈisｈardｌyｓurpriｓing，siｎceｔhemusicｉnｄuｓtｒyｉsjｕstthat:allindｕｓtry,aiminglikｅalｌiｎdusｔｒiｅｓtoｍａｋeaprofit?C.ThｅirmusicwａsperｆorｍｅdbyanimａｔeｄTVcartｏｏnchaｒactｅrs．D.Andｔhｅntheｙｗoｕldnｏtｈａvｅbｅｃomeｔhemostinｆluｅntialrockbanｄofｔhe２0thcenturｙ.Ｅ.Ｔhａt(yī)decaｄealｓosaｗaｎA(yù)mericａngroupappearthatｗasaｂｌataｎtattemｐttocopythｅｓuｃcessoｆTheBｅaｔles．F.Hｏｗｅver,ｔheydｉdn'twrｉtｅanyoｆｔhｅirownmateriaｌ,andtheirｍａnaｇercrｅaｔedeveryaｓpectoftheｉrｓｈow.G.Howeｖeｒ,iｔ'snoｔｔruethａt(yī)evｅｒyｏneｉｎthemｕsicbusiｎessiｎtｈeolddaｙswasaｎamaｔeurwhｏsimpｌylｏvedmusｉｃ.SecｔｉｏnDＩnｔhｉｓｓecｔion,tｈerｅisｏnepasｓａgeｆolloｗedby5ｑuｅsｔioｎsｏｒunｆinｉshｅdｓtatemenｔｓ.Readthepassagecarefullｙ，thenansweｒeachqｕeｓｔiｏnorcompleteeachstａt(yī)ementinamaximumof10ｗｏrds.RemeｍｂｅrtowrｉtetheansweronｔｈeAｎswｅｒShｅet.Ｑｕｅsｔｉonｓ71-75arｅbaseｄonthｅfollowinｇｐａｓsaｇe.Vｅｎiｃeｍａｙstilｌｂeｉnperｉｌ.Howeｖｅr，thecityｋnｏwnasLaSerenｉｓsiｍａisnｏlongｅrsiｎking，buｔｒisiｎg．ＡｎeｗstｕdｙfromexpeｒｔsappｏiｎtedbｙtｈeＩｔalianenviｒonmentministｒyｈaｓdiscoｖeredｔhａt(yī)thelevｅloftｈegroｕndｓurrouｎdiｎgSｔＭarｋ'ｓSqｕaｒe－-ａmonｇthｅlowest-lyinｇiｎVeniｃｅ--hasbｅｅnｒaｉｓｅｄbyhａlｆacentimetresiｎce197３.Severａloｔherｐartsoｆthecity'ｓhistｏricceｎｔreareasmuchasoｎeceｎtimetreｈiｇher．Sｃientistssａｙthecityｈasbｅeｎrｉｓingsinceahaltｗaｓｃalledtｏthｅpuｍｐingoflａrｇｅamｏｕntsofｇroundwaterfrｏmartesiaｎｗellsｒunningundeｒｔｈecity．ＴhewatersuppliｅdａnindustrialｃoｍplｅxaｔＭarｇhｅraontｈｅｍainlandnearby.ThishａddrｉedoｕｔtｈeｒoｃkｂelowaｎｄａllowedVeｎiceｔｏsinkbyuptｏ12cｍ.Sincｅtｈeｗatｅrhasｂegunfｌｏｗｉngbackiｎ,therocｋｈasswollenｌikeaspｏnｇe，pｕshingupthｅleｖeloftｈｅalleywａyｓａndｂuildinｇs.ThｅＶeｎetianswillnotbｅputtｉngthｅiｒwaｔｅrpｒooｆbootsａｗayｙet,though.Althoｕgｈｔｈeｎumberoｆｈiｇhwaterfloodｓｈasｒemａinedfairlycｏｎstantoverthepａst30yeａrｓ，smaｌｌerfｌｏoｄshavebeｃomｅmoｒeｃｏｍmon．Iｎ1996Veｎicewaｓｈitbｙfｌoｏdｉngoｆ８０ｃm．oｒｍｏｒe.Cｈaｎgingweａt(yī)herpattｅrnｓareｔoblame,aｓwelｌasｄamagetｏthelagoｏｎｆrｏmerｏsｉoｎandadeepchａnneldｕgｔoalｌoｗｔａnkersｔhrough."TｈeｎewstｕdｙsｈｏwsthatVｅnｉcｅiｓnotｓｉnｋingthewayｍostpeoplebeliｅｖe，butｏfcouｒseitisｓtillindanger，＂ｓaidGiｏｒgioSarto,ｓeｎaｔorｆorVeｎｉcｅaｎdanｕrbaｎplaｎner."Thｅｃitｙcouldstarｔｓubｓｉｄｉngaｇａininｆuture,andｗestillｈaｖetoacｔagaiｎstｔheｆｌood．Butwe＇veｌｏsｔprｅciousｔime.Ｇivｅnthｅneｗｄａt(yī)a，ｗeｓhouｌdhavestartedtryingtorａｉsｅthecｉty１0ｙｅarsago．"Underaｎewschｅme,thｅｅdgｅoｆSｔＭarｋ'srunnｉnｇalongｔheGｒandCanａl－－whiｃｈｉsaｓlittleas85ｃｍ.abovesealeｖel--ｗoulｄbeelevaｔeｄbyAseｃtioｎbeyｏndwｏuldbeｒebuilttoｓｌopegｅｎｔlyuｐｗardsｔoaｍaxiｍumｈeighｔof1.15metｒesaｂovesealevｅlbeforerolｌｉngbaｃｋｄowntowaｒdsthｅDｏｇe'sｐalace."Aparｔfromrｅstｏｒingtheｅｎvirｏnmｅntaｌbalａnceoftｈelagｏoｎ,"sａidMafiaRｏsaVｉttａdｉni,whochairedthecｏｍmiｓsｉon,"wemustｃoｎcentratｅonraisinｇthegｒoundlevelsofthｅcanalembanｋmｅｎts,ａndofanyｏtheｒareaswｈｅrｅｔhiscａnbedone．＂TｈebackerｓoftｈｅpｒoｊecｔｈadoｒigｉnallysuggｅｓtｅdｒaisinｇthewｈoleｏfSｔMaｒk's,ｂutthｉswasｖetoｅdbylocalaｕthorｉｔiesａsanunaｃceptaｂlｅthreattothebasilica,ｐalacesaｎdlandmａrkbellｔoweraroundit,thｅｌeｖelofwhiｃｈcaｎnotｂechanｇed.Ｔhelａ