2019-2020學(xué)年高中英語Unit2Robots4SectionⅣGrammar知能演練輕松闖關(guān)新人教版選修7

PAGEPAGE8SectionⅣGrammareq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Asisknowntoall,the2022WinterOlympicswill__be__held(hold)inBeijingandtownsintheneighboringHebeiProvince.2．InChina,thepracticeofpresentingthebestfoodfirsttotheseniormembersofthefamilyhas__been__observed(observe)forgenerations.3．Uptonow,alargenumberofnewhouseshave__been__built(build)inwhatusedtobeawasteland.4．Thedecisionto__be__made(make)attomorrow’smeetingwillaffectalotofpeople.5．Hisbookissaidto__have__been__translated(translate)intomorethan30languagessinceitwas__published(publish)inthe1940s.6．Yourpencilcaseisnowhereto__be__found(find),andIwillbuyanewoneforyouthisweekend.7．Thefireisreportedto__have__been__caused(cause)byacigaretteend,whichwasthrownbyonetourist.8．Thebestandmostbeautifulthingintheworldcannotbe__seen(see)oreventouchedforitmustbe__felt(feel)．9．Itisagreathonorformeto__be__asked(ask)tospeakatthemeetingonbehalfofthewholeclass.10．Thekidswere__allowed(allow)togoswimmingintheriver,whichmadethemveryhappy.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解Weliveinagoldenageofmisinformation.OnTwitter,falsenewsspreadsfurtherandfasterthanthetruth.Intherun-uptothe2016USpresidentialelection,themostpopularfalsearticlesgotmoreFacebookshares,reactionsandcommentsthanthetoprealnews,accordingtoaBuzzFeedNewsanalysis.BeforetheInternet,“Youcouldnothaveapersonsittinginaroomandgeneratingconspiracy(陰謀)theoriesatamassscale，”saysLucadeAlfaro,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofCalifornia.Butwithtoday’ssocialmedia,sellingliesistooeasy—whetherthoseliescomefromacompanylikeDisinfomedia,whichhasownedseveralfalsenewswebsites,oracrowdofteenagersinMacedoniawhogothugesumsofmoneybywritingpopularfalsenews.MostInternetusersprobablyaren’tintentionallybroadcastingnonsense.InformationoverloadandtheWebsurfers’limitedattentionspanaren’texactlygoodatfact-checkinginspection.Confirmationbias(偏見)feedsinaswell.“Whenthey’redealingwithunfilteredinformation,it’slikelythatpeoplewillchoosesomethingthatmeetswiththeirownthinking,evenifthatinformationisfalse，”saysFabianaZollo,acomputerscientistinItalywhostudieshowinformationcirculatesonsocialnetworks.Intentionalornot,sharingmisinformationcanhaveseriousconsequences.Falsenewsdoesn’tjustthreatentheequityofelectionsandwearawaypublictrustinrealnews.Itthreatenslives.Rumors(謠言)thatspreadonWhatsApp,asmartphonemessagingsystem,forinstance,ledtomurdercasesinIndiathatleftmorethanadozenpeopledead.Tohelpsortfalsenewsfromtruth,programmersarebuildingautomatedsystemsthatjudgethetruthofonlinestories.Acomputerprogrammightconsidercertaincharacteristicsofanarticleorthereceptionanarticlegetsonsocialmedia.Computersthatrecognizecertainwarningsignscouldwarnhumanfact-checkers,whowoulddothefinalcheck.“Automaticlie-findingtoolsarestillintheirbabyhood，”sayscomputerscientistGiovanniLucaCiampagliaofIndianaUniversityBloomington.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。如今，我們處在一個(gè)假新聞充斥網(wǎng)絡(luò)的時(shí)代，本文就假新聞的影響及如何抵御進(jìn)行了討論。1．Whatcanbelearnedfromthesecondparagraph?A．Falsenewsissometimesmorepopularthantherealnews.B．Teenagersarethemainforceforspreadingfakemessages.C．TheopennessoftheInternetprovidessoilforfalsenews.D．Socialmediacontributestothelossofpeople’ssocialvalues.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的BeforetheInternet...sellingliesistooeasy可知，在過去，大規(guī)模的傳播假消息是很難的，而如今，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展使其變得十分容易。由此可推斷，第二段想告訴我們的是網(wǎng)絡(luò)為假消息提供了生存的土壤。2．Whatbestexplainstheunderlinedword“unfiltered”inparagraph3?A．Unknown. B．Original.C．False. D．Boring.B解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)消息的關(guān)注度并不能證明它的真實(shí)性，因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)陂喿x那些未過濾的信息時(shí)，容易根據(jù)自己的喜好去選擇，即使那是錯(cuò)誤的消息。由此推斷，畫線詞意為“未過濾的，原始的”。3．Paragraph4ismainlyabout________．A．thedrawbacksofsocialmediaB．thenegativeeffectsofmisinformationC．thedisorderedInternetmarketofIndiaD．therelationshipbetweenlawsandrumorsB解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容尤其是第一句可知，本段主要想告訴我們虛假消息的不利影響。4．Whatdoweknowabouttheautomaticlie-findingtools?A．Theyhavebeenfullydevelopedinthecomputerprogram.B．Theyremindhumanfact-checkersofsomewarningsigns.C．Theyareprovedtobegoodattellingfalsenewsfromthetruth.D．Theymakeupamachine-controlledsystemthatcandothefinalcheck.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Computersthatrecognizecertainwarningsignscouldwarnhumanfact-checkers,whowoulddothefinalcheck.可知，這個(gè)自動(dòng)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)可以幫助人工排查人員分辨網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完形填空IcamefrommyhomeinItalybyovernighttraintoViennatostartthesecondpartofmyyearabroadasanEnglishlanguageassistant.IwenttosleepinItalyand__1__inAustria,toasnow-coveredcountrysidethatlookedlikesomethingoutofatourguide.Althoughthis__2__scenemademeexcited,Isoon__3__thatadjustingtotheAustrianworldwasgoingtobe__4__．Thefirstthingwasthe__5__.IhadtoswitchfromtalkingandthinkinginItaliantoGerman__6__.Ifoundmyselfstumblingover(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說)wordsandreallystrugglingto__7__whenpeoplespoketome,especiallyinAustrianGermanwhichnotonlysoundsdifferentfromtheGermanIlearnedatschoolbutalsousesdifferentwords!SoI’vehadlotsof__8__momentsinthesupermarketandfeltratherembarrassedwhenIusedthe__9__word.Therearealsolotsofother__10__things.Onebigdifferenceisthe__11__.Italyisfamousforitsvariedpasta(意大利面食)dishesanddeliciouspizzas!ButinAustriathe__12__foodseemstobemeat.Italsoseemsthatthereisn’ttimefora__13__，relaxedlunch.InItalyIhadanhour’slunchbreakfrommyofficejob,butwhenI’m__14__intheschoolsinViennatherearejust10or15minutesbetweenlessons,whichisonly__15__foraquicksandwich.Idon’tthinktheseare__16__things,butitwilljusttaketimetogetusedtothem.However,therearesomethingsIhaveimmediately__17__，liketheveryefficientpublictransport—it’s__18__togetaroundandit’salwaysontime!Ialso__19__thecoffeehousecultureherewhereyoucangotoacaféandjustsitforhours,chattingand__20__withfriendsandacakeortwo.Infact,IreallylovethecountryandIthinkIwillenjoymystayhere.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在異國他鄉(xiāng)遇到的問題，但是作者仍然希望通過努力能夠快樂地生活在這里。1．A.stayedup B．dressedupC．warmedup D．wokeupD解析：根據(jù)上文的IcamefrommyhomeinItalybyovernighttraintoVienna及IwenttosleepinItaly...Austria可知，作者睡著的時(shí)候還在意大利，但醒來(wokeup)時(shí)已身在奧地利。2．A.familiar B．touchingC．beautiful D．funnyC解析：根據(jù)上文的asnow-coveredcountrysidethatlookedlikesomethingoutofatourguide可知，這里的景色很美(beautiful)。3．A.realized B．guessedC．a(chǎn)dmitted D．rememberedA解析：根據(jù)下文中對(duì)作者在奧地利遇到的問題的描述可知，作者很快就意識(shí)到(realized)適應(yīng)奧地利的生活是比較難的(hard)。4．A.hard B．boringC．meaningful D．interestingA5．A.habit B．languageC．a(chǎn)ttitude D．customB解析：根據(jù)本段中的IhadtoswitchfromtalkingandthinkinginItaliantoGerman可知，首先是語言(language)方面的問題。作者的所說所想都要立刻(immediately)從意大利語切換成德語。6．A.patiently B．finallyC．secretly D．immediatelyD7．A.think B．understandC．learn D．explainB解析：根據(jù)上文的Ifoundmyselfstumblingover(結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說)words...spoketome可知，當(dāng)別人跟作者說話的時(shí)候，作者理解(understand)起來很吃力。8．A.brief B．a(chǎn)nxiousC．a(chǎn)wkward D．terrifyingC解析：根據(jù)本段中的especiallyinAustrianGerman...usesdifferentwords及feltratherembarrassed可知，作者在超市里經(jīng)歷過很多尷尬的(awkward)時(shí)刻，在使用了錯(cuò)誤的(wrong)詞語后會(huì)感到非常尷尬。9．A.key B．wrongC．foreign D．hurtfulB10．A.different B．basicC．wonderful D．sillyA解析：根據(jù)下文中對(duì)意大利和奧地利食物的對(duì)比及Onebigdifference可知，在這里生活還有很多其他不一樣的(different)地方，其中一項(xiàng)就是食物(food)。11．A.restaurant B．billC．menu D．foodD12．A.delicious B．mainC．cheap D．fastB解析：根據(jù)上文的Italyisfamousforitsvariedpasta(意大利面食)dishesanddeliciouspizzas！可知，奧地利的主要(main)食物就是肉類。13．A.late B．lightC．long D．hotC解析：根據(jù)上文的startthesecondpartofmyyearabroadasanEnglishlanguageassistant及InItalyIhadanhour’slunchbreakfrommyofficejob,but...10or15minutesbetweenlessons可知，在維也納，人們沒有很長(zhǎng)的(long)時(shí)間來享受一頓輕松的午餐。當(dāng)作者在學(xué)校工作(working)時(shí)，每節(jié)課之間只有10到15分鐘的休息時(shí)間，僅僅夠(enough)吃一個(gè)三明治。14．A.struggling B．studyingC．sitting D．workingD15．A.proper B．enoughC．convenient D．readyB16．A.bad B．smallC．risky D．importantA解析：根據(jù)空后的butitwilljusttaketimetogetusedtothem可知，作者并不覺得這些不同是壞(bad)事，只是需要時(shí)間去適應(yīng)。17．A.gottentiredof B．gottenclosetoC．gottenusedto D．gotteninterestedinC解析：根據(jù)本段的liketheveryefficientpublictransport可知，作者在奧地利還是很快適應(yīng)了(gottenusedto)一些事，比如高效便捷的公共交通——到處走動(dòng)很容易(easy)而且通常很準(zhǔn)時(shí)。18．A.safe B．necessaryC．easy D．possibleC19．A.feel B．shareC．keep D．enjoyD解析：根據(jù)本句的chattingand...friendsandacakeortwo可知，作者也很喜歡(enjoy)這里的咖啡屋文化，人們可以一連坐在咖啡廳里幾個(gè)小時(shí)，和朋友聊天或者吃些點(diǎn)心放松(relaxing)身心。20．A.relaxing B．dreamingC．comparing D．competingAeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅳ)語法填空Scientistsfoundthatairpollutionmayberesponsible1.____________abigreductionin2.____________(intelligent).Researchshowedthatairpollutionledtobigfallsintest3.____________(score)forlanguagesandmathematics.Thestudycalled“Theinfluenceofairpollutiononcognitive(認(rèn)知的)performance”4.____________(conduct)overfouryearsago.Researchersanalyzedspeakingandmathematicstests5.____________(take)by20，000peopleofallages.Theysaid,“Pollutedairmaydoharmtocognitiveabilityaspeoplebecomeolder.”Thestudyisawarningtotherestoftheworld,6.____________(particular)thoseincities.Over91percentoftheworldpopulationliveinareaswithpollutedair,7.____________isthefourthbigges