山東省東營市大碼頭鄉(xiāng)央上初級中學(xué)2022高一英語模擬試卷含解析

山東省東營市大碼頭鄉(xiāng)央上初級中學(xué)2022高一英語模擬試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Scientistssaidthatthewinterof2011was_____cold,andinfactitwasmuchcolderthanpredicted.A.frozen

B.freezing

C.freezingly

D.froze參考答案：B2.Hikingis____greatfun.Youwillgetcloseto_____natureandtakeexerciseatthesametime.A.a;the B.the;/ C./;the D./;/

參考答案：D略3.Mr.FengputZhaoMing

thestudygroup.A.inchargeof

B.inneedof

C.inthechargeof

D.responsible參考答案：A4.IsawSuebutshedidn’tseeme.She______theotherway.

A.waslooking

B.looked

C.hadlooked

D.wouldlook參考答案：A5.Please______thatyoulockthedoorwhenyougoout.A.makesure

B.makeaware

C.takenotice

D.takenotes參考答案：A6.

Itsuddenly

tomethattheywenttherebybike.

A.happened

B.occurred

C.struck

D.appeared參考答案：B7.Attherailwaystation,myfriendswavedgoodbyetome_____thetrainwasoutofsight.

A.before

B.until

C.as

D.since參考答案：B8.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It’shardforustothinkof_____worldwithout_____Internet.A.a;the

B.a;/

C.the;the

D.the;/參考答案：A略9.Seeingtheowner,away________.A.thethiefran

B.thethiefruns

C.didthethiefran

D.ranthethief參考答案：D10.Herisked_______soastogettheimportantinformationfromtheenemy.A.arresting

B.beingarrested

C.tobearrested

D.toarrest參考答案：B略11.Itwasnotimmediately____thatwaterwastobe_____tothedevelopmentoflife.A.curious,fundamental

B.nervous,essentialC.obvious,fundamental

D.quick,essential參考答案：C12.WhenwevisitedZhangzhuangagaintenyearslater,wefounditchangedsomuchthatwecouldhardly________it.A.remember

B.thinkabout

C.believe

D.recognize參考答案：D13.______isnopossibility______Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthefootballmatch.A.There;that

B.It;that

C.There;whether

D.It;whether參考答案：A14.

ofthemoney

usedup.A.Three-five;are

B.Three-fifths;havebeenC.Three-fifths;hasbeen

D.Third-fifths;is參考答案：C【分析】考察主謂一致。五分之三的錢已用光?！驹斀狻慨?dāng)表示分?jǐn)?shù)或百分比等修飾主語時，謂語動詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)主要看of后面的名詞的數(shù)。本句中是五分之三的錢（themoney），themoney是不可數(shù)名詞，所以要用單數(shù)。A和B是錯誤的。而D項(xiàng)的分?jǐn)?shù)表示法是錯的。分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法：分子要用基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時要加復(fù)數(shù)。故只有C項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】在英語的句子中，謂語動詞的形式應(yīng)與主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。如何判定，則要看句子的意思。多數(shù)情況下，根據(jù)句子的主語形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。all,more,most,some,any,none,half,therest等修飾主語時，既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，也可表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞要根據(jù)被修飾的名詞而定，如果被修飾的名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，如果被修飾的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：1）Alloftheappleisrotten.整個蘋果都爛了。（是一個蘋果的全部）2）Alloftheapplesarerotten.所有的蘋果都爛了。（很多蘋果）3）Mostofthemilkwasthrownaway。大部分牛奶被扔掉了。(牛奶是不可數(shù)的，故謂語動詞要用單數(shù))15.Hetoldmeapieceofnews,_____terrible.A.Ithinkitis

B.IthinkwhichisC.whichIthinkitis

D.whichIthinkis參考答案：D16.–Hello,Mr.Smith.ThisisLarryJackson.IamafraidIwon’tbeabletoarriveontimeforthemeetinginyouroffice.--_______.We’llwaitforyou.A.Harryup

B.Nodoubt

C.Cheerup

D.That’sallright參考答案：D17.Theprofessorlivesaverysimplelife.Wefoundtheonly_______inhisroomwasapictureonthewall.

A.decoration

B.invitation

C.envelope

D.entrance參考答案：A18.Haveyou_____yourthings,Bob?Thetrainisleavingat2:30thisafternoon,sowedon’thavetoomuchtime.A.addedup B.hiddenawayC.setdown D.packedup參考答案：D二、翻譯19.教材原句翻譯51.小測驗(yàn)之后，我說起話來聽上去一定洋洋自得，說它實(shí)在太簡單了，我肯定能取得好成績。___________________________________________________________________________________________52.女孩之間的友誼通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之間的友誼則以共同的活動或興趣為基礎(chǔ)。__________________________________________________________________________________________53.與1800年的人口相比，世界人口數(shù)量已經(jīng)增長了六倍。____________________________________________________________________________________________54.與很多環(huán)境顧問一起工作之后，我知道健康的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展并存是有可能的。____________________________________________________________________________________________55.二十年之后，當(dāng)你看到它們都長成大樹時，會有一種滿足感，因?yàn)槟阒雷约簽閹椭鉀Q氣候變化問題盡了你的一份力。___________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：51.Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodgrade.

52.Friendshipsbetweengirlsareusuallyanchoredinsharedfeelingsandsupport,butfriendshipsbetweenboysarebasedonsharedactivitiesorinterests.

53.Theworld’spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800.

54.Havingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime.

55.Twodecadesfromnow,whenyoulookatwhatwillhavebecomealargetree,youwillfindasenseofsatisfactionknowingthatyoudidyourparttohelpsolvetheproblemofclimatechange.【51題詳解】本句中“聽上去一定”是對過去的推測，故用musthavedone，實(shí)在太簡單了可用感嘆句，故用howeasyitwas，取得好成績getagoodgrade，洋洋自得beproudofmyself，故翻譯為Imusthavesoundedveryproudofmyselfafterthequiz,sayinghoweasyitwasandhowIwassuretogetagoodgrade.【52題詳解】建立在……之上beanchoredin,bebasedon,共同的情感和互相支持sharedfeelingsandsupport,共同的活動或興趣sharedactivitiesorinterests,兩個句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but，故翻譯為Friendshipsbetweengirlsareusuallyanchoredinsharedfeelingsandsupport,butfriendshipsbetweenboysarebasedonsharedactivitiesorinterests.?！?3題詳解】與1800年的人口相比whatitwasin1800，世界人口world’spopulation，增長了6倍growbysixtimes，故翻譯為Theworld’spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800.?！?4題詳解】環(huán)境顧問environmentalconsultants，健康的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展ahealthyenvironmentanddevelopment，可能的possible，本句用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式來表示先于謂語動詞動作發(fā)生，故翻譯為Havingworkedwithmanyenvironmentalconsultants,Iknowthatahealthyenvironmentanddevelopmentshouldbepossibleatthesametime.?！?5題詳解】二十年之后Twodecadesfromnow，滿足感asenseofsatisfaction，為幫助解決氣候變化問題盡了你的一份力doyourparttohelpsolvetheproblemofclimatechange，當(dāng)你看到它們都長成大樹時為時間狀語從句，故用when引導(dǎo)，知道作原因狀語，故翻譯為Twodecadesfromnow,whenyoulookatwhatwillhavebecomealargetree,youwillfindasenseofsatisfactionknowingthatyoudidyourparttohelpsolvetheproblemofclimatechange.。三、閱讀理解20.Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentexploringandresearchingsomethingwithsofewapparentbenefits?WhyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonEarth?Thesearequestionsthat,understandably,areveryoftenasked.Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup(基因構(gòu)成)ashumanbeings.Whatdroveourancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?Thewiderthespreadofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendencytoexpandwhereverpossible.Nearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasexplored,becausebydoingso,anydangersinsurroundingareascanbeidentifiedandpreparedfor.Withoutknowledge,wemaybecompletelydestroyedbythedanger.Withknowledge,wecanlessenitseffects.Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotential(潛在的)resourcestobefound.Evenifwehavenoimmediateneedofthem,theywillperhapsbeusefullater.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalpossessions.Knowledgeortechniqueshavebeenacquiredthroughexploration.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction,insatellitesforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-stickpansandmirroredsunglassesareby-products(副產(chǎn)品)oftechnologicaldevelopmentsinspace.Whilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowscreative,braveandintelligentmembersofourspeciestofocusonwhatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.8.WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A.Toexpresshisdoubts.

B.Tocomparedifferentideas.C.TodescribetheconditionsonEarth.

D.Tointroducepointsfordiscussion.9.Theunderlinedword“spin-offs”inParagraph4probablyrefersto______.A.survivalchances

B.potentialresourcesC.unexpectedbenefits

D.physicalpossessions10.Whatmakesitpossibleforhumanstoliveonotherplanets?A.Ourgeneticmakeup.

B.Resourcesontheearth.C.Theadaptiveabilityofhumans.

D.By-productsinspaceexploration.11.Whichofthestatementscanbestsumupthepassage?A.Spaceexplorationhascreatedmanywonders.B.Spaceexplorationprovidedthebestvalueformoney.C.SpaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpotentialproblemsonEarth.D.Spaceexplorationcanbenefitscienceandtechnology.參考答案：8.D

9.C

10.C

11.C本文是一篇科普類文章。文章介紹了人類探索太空的原因，介紹了太空探索的好處。8.寫作意圖題。由第二段Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmakeup(基因構(gòu)成)ashumanbeings.可知第一段作者提出了許多問題，是為了引出要討論的話題，選D。9.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)第四段Wehavealreadybenefitedfromotherspin-offsincludingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction指的是探索太空會有很多其它方面的好處，如地震預(yù)測方面的好處，故C正確。10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WhileEarthistheonlyplanetknowntosupportlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoliveonotherplanets.說明人的適應(yīng)能力是人能否在其它星球上生存的關(guān)鍵，故C正確。11.主旨大意題。文章主要講了太空探索有很多的好處，也許可能幫助我們避免未來可能的災(zāi)難，故C正確。21.請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。About4,500peoplehavelosttheirlivesbecauseoftheworstoutbreakofEbolavirusinhistory,happeningnowinWestAfrica,accordingtothelatestcountfromtheWorldHealthOrganization.Dr.Bhadeliaexplainedwhythebodyhassuchahardtimefightingoffthedeadlyvirus:HowdoesEbolaenterthebodyinthefirstplace?Ebolaisnotknowntoinfect(感染)peoplethroughtheair–youmustcomeintocontactwiththevirussomehowinordertobeatriskforinfection.Ebolacanalsosurviveoutsidethehostforaverylongperiodoftime–aslongasacoupleofdays–atroomtemperature.“That’swhyinfectioncontrolissuchahugepartofthis,”Bhadeliasaid.Whathappensinthebodyonceinfectionoccurs?OncetheEbolavirusmakesitswayintothebody,itgetsinthebody’scellsandreproducesitself.“Thenitcomesburstingoutofourcellsandproducesthisprotein.”Bhadeliaexplained.Theproteinattachestothecellsontheinsideofthebloodvessels(血管).Itcanfinallyleadtoshockanddeath.TheEbolavirusisalsoamasterofdestroyingthebody’snaturaldefenses:Itpreventsthesignalingtowhitebloodcellsth