第三冊第二課新視野課文講解SectionA

IronChallengeAdReproductionI.Iron

ChallengeHowmuchdoyouknowaboutiron?Takethequizandtellyourreasonsforyourchoices!Everyoneneedsirontogrowandstayhealthy.Itisfoundinmanypartsofthebody.Chooseonething

iron

doesinyourbody:

(reference)a.Ithelpsyourfingernailsstaysmooth.b.Ithelpstocarryoxygenfromlungstocells.c.Ithelpsyourhairstayhealthy.d.Ithelpstostrengthenyourmuscles.Iron

ChallengeQuestion1/10

Everyonerequiresadifferent

amountofdietaryirontostayhealthy.Whichofthegroupsbelowneedsthemostironeachday?

(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion2/10

a.infants,7-12

monthsold

b.teengirls,14-

18yearsoldc.men,19-50

yearsoldd.women,19-

50yearsoldYoumaybeirondeficientifyouareawomanand_____.

(reference)a.havealongmenstrualperiodb.donatebloodoftenc.don'teatmeat,fishorpoultryd.alloftheaboveIron

ChallengeQuestion3/10

Therearetwotypesofiron.Oneisheme(亞鐵血紅素),whichiseasilyabsorbedbythebody;andtheotherisnon-heme,whichisnotaswellabsorbed.Chooseonefoodthatcontainshemeiron.

(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion4/10

a.branflakesb.beef

hamburgerc.eggsd.redkidney

beans

Meat,fishandpoultrycontaindifferentamountsofhemeiron.Choosethefoodwiththemosthemeiron.

(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion5/10

a.salmon

steakb.beef

tenderloinc.chicken

breastd.pork

tenderloinYoumaybeirondeficientifyou______.(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion6/10

a.oftenfeeltiredb.lookpalec.havedifficultyconcentratingd.alloftheabove

Theamountofnon-hemeironyouabsorbisaffectedbyotherfoods.Chooseonefoodthatincreasestheabsorptionofnon-hemeiron.

(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion7/10

a.orangesb.wholegrain

breadsc.yoghurtd.tea

Peoplewhodonoteatmeat,fishorpoultryneedto_____.(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion8/10

eatfoodsenrichedorfortifiedwithironhavevitaminC-richfoodswiththeirmealsavoidteaandcoffeeduringtheirmealsdoalloftheabove

Howmuchboiledspinachwouldyouneedtoeattoequaltheironavailableinaservingofsirloinsteak?(reference)Iron

ChallengeQuestion9/10

a.1

cup/250

mLb.2

cups/500

mLc.3

cups/750

mL

Iron

ChallengeQuestion10/10

Agoodwaytomaintainahealthylevelofironinthebodyisto_______.

(reference)a.eatiron-fortifiedbreakfastcerealsoftenb.enjoyavarietyofmeatdishesonaregularbasisc.includevitaminC-richvegetablesinyourmealsd.doallofthese

Allofthese1.TheanswerisB.Ironcarriesoxygenfromyourlungsto

allpartsofyourbody.Ironalsobuilds

redbloodcells.Withoutenoughiron,

youmayfeeltiredandhavetroubleconcentrating.toquestion1toquestion2Women19－50yearsoldneedmoreironthananyotheragegroup.

Womenneedthemostironbecausetheylosevaryingamountsduringthemenstruation(月經(jīng)期).2.TheanswerisD.toquestion33.TheanswerisD(alloftheabove).Bloodlossofanykindandnoteatingmeat,fishorpoultrymayleadtoirondeficiency.toquestion44.TheanswerisB.Hemeironisfoundinallmeat,fishandpoultry.Non-hemeiron,whichisnotsowellabsorbed,canbefoundinfoodssuchasnuts,beans,cerealsandeggs.toquestion5Redderordarkermeatstendtohavemorehemeiron.Forexample,chickenlegs(darkmeat)hasmorehemeironthanchickenbreast(lightmeat).5.TheanswerisB.

Symptomsofirondeficiencymayinclude:lookingpale,feelingtired,havingtroubleconcentrating,feelingoutofbreath,nothavingenoughenergy,andfeelingirritable.

toquestion66.TheanswerisD(alloftheabove).OrangesareagoodsourceofvitaminC,whichcanincreasetheamountofnon-hemeironabsorbedbyuptofourtimes.Meat,fishandpoultrycanalsoincreasetheabsorptionofnon-hemeiron.Substancesinteaandcoffeecanlowertheamountofnon-hemeironyourbodycanuse.

toquestion77.TheanswerisA(oranges).toquestion8

Meat,fishorpoultryandvitaminC-richfoodsincreasetheabsorptionofnon-hemeironinthediet.

Peoplewhomostlyhavenon-hemeironeachday,needtoconsumemoreirontomeettheirbodies’need.8.TheanswerisD(alloftheabove).

toquestion9Youneedtohavetwocupsofspinachtoequaltheamountofironabsorbedfroma90gramservingofbeefsirloin.9.TheanswerisB.toquestion1010.TheanswerisD

(alloftheabove).

Reproducethefollowingadwithyourowndubbing(配音).Useyourimaginationandtherelatedknowledgeyouacquiredinthistext.II.AdReproductionAnAdfortheIronFortifiedMilk

ParaphraseTranslationSentenceAnalysisSentenceAnalysisAppositive

同位語…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.(L6)Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.(L34)Splittheabovetwosentencesintosimplesentencesrespectively.…,saysRoseanneM.Lyle.SheisanassociateprofessoratPurdueUniversity.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves.Itisaconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.

Nowcombinethefollowingsimplesentencesintoonesentencebyusingappositives.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofphilosophersandsoldiers.TheancientChinesewereapeopleofpoetsandcraftsmen.TheancientChinesegavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.TheancientChinese,apeopleofinventorsanddiscoverers,philosophersandsoldiers,poetsandcraftsmen,gavetheworldmanyofitsmostusefulthings.ParaphraseButthenewexerciserswhofollowedtheir

normaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.(L11)Butthosewomenwhobeganaprogramofexercisewhilegoingonwiththeirdietasusualshowedadecreaseinironlevels.2.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincrease

theirriskbyrejectingredmeat…(L19)

Inaddition,manywomenwhocaremuchabouttheirhealthrefusetoeatredmeatsuchasbeefandmuttonandthusincreasethedangeroflosingiron…3.Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdiet

inanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynot

consumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliable

toexperienceadeficiency.(L22)Andbecausewomenoftenlimittheirfood,tryingtocontrolweight,theymaynoteatenoughfoodcontainingmuchiron,andthereforearelikelytohavelessironthannecessary.*翻譯時，常使用詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的方法，如：源語言中使用的是名詞，目標語中則可以把該名詞譯成動詞。tip…overtheedge:bringaboutanoticeablechangeTranslation1.Forawomanwhoalreadyhasapooriron

status*,anyadditionalironlossfromexercise

maybeenoughtotipherovertheedgeinto

對于那些已經(jīng)缺鐵的女性，任何因鍛煉而產(chǎn)生的更多鐵離子流失都足以導致體內(nèi)缺鐵狀況的惡化。amoreseriousdeficiency…(L27)

becompromised=beaffectedseverely=badly2.…andexerciseperformanceisseverely

compromised.(L38)運動成績大打折扣。throwup=vomit;besick3.Supplementsmayproduceafeelingof

wantingtothrowup...(L55)服用鐵離子補充劑可能使人想嘔吐。

supplement(v.)=addto4.Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmall

amountthatnaturallyoccursingrains.(L60)這些增加的鐵補充了谷物中自然含鐵量的不足。

GlossaryWordUsingGlossary運動醫(yī)學專家asportsmedicineexpert耐力運動員耐力運動缺鐵anenduranceathleteenduranceexerciseirondeficiency/ironlossironsupplements鐵離子補充劑womenofchild-bearingage育齡女性含鐵豐富/加鐵的食品iron-richfood;iron-addedfood;foodwithfortifiedironGlossary消化系統(tǒng)digestivesystem血管疲勞血蛋白分子bloodvesselfatiguemoleculesofbloodproteinironreserve鐵離子儲量bloodtest驗血physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生surgeon外科醫(yī)生substance物質(zhì)WordUsing1.supplementn.(L10)

TranslationamultiplevitaminandmineralsupplementaspecialsupplementtoamonthlyfinancialmagazineTheyaredoingextrajobsoutsidetheirregularonestosupplementtheirincomes.復合維生素和礦物質(zhì)補劑一份金融月刊的特別增刊除了常規(guī)工作外，他們還干些零活，以補充收入。2.respectivelyad.(L14)源詞

respect(v./n.)Comparisonrespective:individual各自的；分別的respectful:showingrespecttowardsb./sth.恭敬的；表示尊重的（對待某人/某物）respectable:consideredbysocietytobegood,proper

orcorrect;deservingrespect體面的；正確的；值得尊敬的2.respectivelyad.(L14)BlankfillingrespectiverespectfulrespectableTheylistenedin___________silence.Hewasbornina____________family.Wewenttovisitour__________mothers.respectfulrespectablerespective3.riskn./v.(L18)Phrases

beatrisk;take/runrisks;riskone’slifee.g.

Upto2,000jobsarestill

atrisk.仍有多達2,000人有失業(yè)的危險。He

tookarisk

whenhecrossedtheoldbridge.他冒險過這座舊橋。He

riskedhislife

whenhesavedthekidfromthefire.他冒著生命危險把孩子從火中救出來。4.plusprep.(L19)withtheadditionofand;alsoTranslation三加六等于九。Threeplussixisnine.這工作不僅需要經(jīng)驗，而且需要細心。Thisworkneedsexperiencepluscare.5.liablea.(L24)1)likely;2)suffering(from)Phrase

beliabletodosth.UseitWhatisapersonliabletodowhenhe/sheisverytired/angry…?

He/sheisliableto…when…6.allowancen.(L26)1)theamountallowedorgranted限額，定量e.g.:

Mostofourflightshaveabaggageallowanceof20kgperpassenger.

我們的大多數(shù)航班容許每位旅客免費帶20公斤行李。Whatisyourweeklyallowanceofmilk?Useite.g.

Themanagertraveledonbusinesswithanallowancethatcoveredhotelandrestaurantbills.這位經(jīng)理出差時有包括食宿的補貼。2)Something,suchasmoney,givenatregular

intervalsorforaspecificpurpose津貼，補貼等6.allowancen.(L26)7.sufficienta.(L45)Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthatheisguilty.e.g.

近形詞efficient有效率的（efficiency–n.)派生詞sufficiency(n.)UseitWhatifyouhadalotofmoney?Withsufficientmoney,Iwould…8.advisablea.(L50)Talkaboutyourdailyhabitswithyourpartnerandtrytogivesomeadvicetohim/herbyusingthefollowingstructure:Useit=wise;sensibleItisadvisableforsb.todosth.9.derivefrom(L63)Heisoneofthosepeoplewhocanderive

pleasurefromhelpingothers.e.g.

1)obtain(especiallyafeelingoranadvantage)from有些人從幫助他人中得到快樂，他便是其中之一。9.derivefrom(L63)Thetownderivesitsnamefromtheriveronwhichitwasbuilt.Translation2)comefrom

這個市鎮(zhèn)沿河而建，由此得名。近形詞

deprive:takeawayfrom剝削，奪去deprivesb./sth.ofsth.10.strikinga.(L65)Isthereanythingstrikinginyourlife?Whatisthat?Useitverynoticeable;makingastrongimpression源詞

strike敲打；突襲；給······印象；罷工11.interferewith(L67)

Everytimethetelephoneringsitinterferes

withmywork.

電話一響就打斷我的工作。e.g.

1)preventsth.orslowdowntheprogress2)touchorchangesth.withoutpermission很多人認為科學家不該做干涉大自然的事。Translation

Manypeoplefeelthatscientistsshouldn’t

erferewith(L67)

Ihaveneverinterferedinhisaffair.

我從不干預他的事。interfereinsth.指別人未請而自己主動參與interferewithsth.指阻礙事情發(fā)生Comparison

interfereine.g.

InterviewPresentationInterviewOnthebasisofyourunderstandingofthetext,interviewyourclassmatesabouttheirdiet.Yourquestionsmayinclude:Whatareincludedinyourmeals?Pork,beef,fish,chicken,tofu,spinach,or…?Doyouliketohavesomedrinksduringyourmeal?Ifso,whatarethey?Haveyoueverhadanyironsupplement?Doyouoftendonateblood?PresentationMakeapresentationoftheironstatusofyourclassmatesandyoursuggestionsaccordingtoyourinterviews.SuggestedStructureYourpresentationcaninclude:SuggestedStructureRemember:Trytotalklikeanexpert!Whatyougetfromtheinterviews.Analysisofyourresults.Yoursuggestions.StructureAnalysisYourTaskTipsforWritingStructureAnalysisCause&EffectFromeffectbacktocausesFromcausestoeffectFromeffectbacktocausesStructureAnalysisSampleTheProblemofHumanPopulationHumanpopulationhasincreasedrapidly.Thesetworeasonsshowwhyhumanpopulationincreasesa

lot.Itisurgenttopracticeastrictbirth-controlpolicybeforetheworldbecomestoocrowded.Therearetwomajorreasonsforthisrapid