被動語態(tài)用法復習

ThePassiveVoice（被動語態(tài)）一、被動語態(tài)的構成

被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。(1)把主動語態(tài)的賓語移到句首作被動語態(tài)的主語(2)把謂語改成被動結構(be+過去分詞）(3)把主動句中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語

Allthepeoplelaughedathim.

Hewaslaughedbyallthepeople.

Theymakebikesinthefactory.

Bikesaremadeinthefactorybythem.一、被動語態(tài)的構成1.They

make

shoes

inthatfactory.二、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)構成：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞2.

They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時：S+was/were+過去分詞3.They

willfinish

thework

intendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時：S+will+be+過去分詞4.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkers

now.現(xiàn)在進行時：S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞5．We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時：S+have/has+been+過去分詞6．LingFeng

cantakegoodcareof

Polly．Polly

canbetakengoodcareof

byLingFeng.情態(tài)動詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞三、使用被動語態(tài)的情況1.表示“據(jù)說”或“相信”等詞組一般用被動語態(tài)1)Itissaidthat…據(jù)說…2)Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報道…3)Itisbelievedthat…大家相信…4)Itishopedthat…大家希望…5)Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知…2.某些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)HewasborninOctober，1989．

3.表示禮貌時YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat800p．m．tomorrow．敬請您明天晚上8：00光臨我們的英語晚會。

四、不用被動語態(tài)的情況1.不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。（rise,happen/takeplace/comeabout,breakout,appear,disappear)

Atrafficaccidenthappened

justnow.2.系動詞無被動語態(tài)。(be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become)

Thefoodtastesgood.3.祈使句一般沒有被動語態(tài)。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【誤】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．

4.反身代詞在句中作賓語時，不能用被動語態(tài)?！菊縔oumustlookafteryourself．【誤】Yourselfmustbelookedafter

四、不用被動語態(tài)的情況四、不用被動語態(tài)的情況5.放在形容詞和副詞后的不定式作狀語不能用作被動語態(tài)。Thewaterishardtodrink.Theproblemiseasytosolve.五、特殊形式的被動語態(tài)帶雙賓語動詞的被動語態(tài)（give,buy,lend,send,bring,show,throw）

間接賓語(人)為主語：直接賓語（物）為主語：在間接賓語前加to

或for.Mymothergaveme

abook.

間接賓語

直接賓語Iwasgivenabookbymymother.Abookwasgiventomebymymother.五、特殊形式的被動語態(tài)2.一些使役動詞(have,make)和視覺、感覺動詞（see,watch,hear,notice）可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補，但在被動語態(tài)中不定式符號to必須補上.Iheardhimsaygoodbyetohisfriends.Hewasheardtosaygoodbyetohisfriends.五、特殊形式的被動語態(tài)3.need,want,require,beworth+V-ing主動形式表示被動意義。

sell,write,wash,cut,read,wear,cook+adv.主動形式表示被動意義。Thebookisworthreading.Yourhairneedscutting.Thedresssellswell.Thisknifecutseasily.歷年高職考題1.----Doyoulikethesilk?It’smadeinHuzhou.-----Yes,it_____verysoft.（06年高職考題)A.feltB.isfeltC,isfeelingD.feels2.Thepoormanismade___verylateeverynight.(06年高職考題)A.workB.toworkC.workingD.workedDB3.---TownHallisthetallestbuildinginthecity.----__________fromhere?(07年高職考題）A.CanitbeseenB.CanitseeC.CanseeitD.Canbeseenit4.Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswho___bytheirteacher.(07年高職考題）A.ispraisedB.arepraisedC.praisingD.praises歷年高職考題AB5.Booksofthiskind_______wellinthisbookshop.(08年高職考題)A.sellB.sellsC.aresoldD.issold6.Asweallknow,HanHan________their(偶像）bymanyyoungpeople.(2011)A.ConsiderasB.isregardedasC.IsthoughtoutD.treatedfor歷年高職考題AB7.----Longtimenosee!-----I’vejustreturned.I_______toAmericaforameetinglastmonth.(2012)amsentB.amsendingC.wassentD.wassendi