初中英語語法11

語法互動(dòng)(十一)主謂一致語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致1．就近一致原則。2．意義一致原則。3．語法一致原則。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)一就近一致原則就近一致原則就是謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)。1．由either…or，neither…nor，not…but…，notonly…butalso等連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與最靠近它的主語保持一致。Neitherherparentsnorsheherself________abankclerk.她父母和她本人都不是銀行職員。Eithermyfatherormymother________onweekdays.在工作日，不是我爸爸就是我媽媽做飯。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致iscooks中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)2．當(dāng)therebe句型中的主語是一系列事物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與離其最近的主語保持一致。There_________apen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.書桌上有一支鋼筆、一把小刀和幾本書。There_________twentyboysandtwenty-threegirlsintheclassroom.教室里有20名男生和23名女生。3．在here引導(dǎo)的句子中，主語有不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常與離其最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致isare中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)二意義一致原則1．有些集合名詞，如family，class，team等，作主語時(shí)，若看作整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；若強(qiáng)調(diào)其中的每個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Mr.Smith'sfamily_________abigone.史密斯先生家是一個(gè)大家庭。Mr.Smith'sfamily________watchingTV.史密斯一家正在看電視。2．由all,either,neither,most,more,some,any,none作主語時(shí)，若代表復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；若代表單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Nowall________beenchanged.現(xiàn)在所有的都變了。All________present.所有的都在這兒。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致isarehasare中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)3．“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”以及“alotof/lotsof/plentyof/halfof/therestof/(a)partof＋名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞形式要以of后面的名詞而定。名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；名詞是單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Lotsofdamage________causedbyfire.很多損失是由于火造成的。4．名詞所有格之后的名詞被省略，表示“商店、工廠、住宅”等意義時(shí)，作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thedoctor's_________acrossfromthestreet.診所在街道的對(duì)面。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致wasis中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)5．politics，physics，works，theUnitedStates，news,maths等詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thenews________veryexciting.那則新聞是非常令人興奮的。Physics_________abitdifficultforme.物理對(duì)我來說有點(diǎn)兒難。6．表時(shí)間、距離、長度、價(jià)格、度量的詞(短語)及動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。加減乘除也?？醋髡w，謂語也用單數(shù)形式。Fiftydollars________enough.五十美元足夠了。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致isisis中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)7．a(chǎn)numberof作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；thenumberof作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass________50.我們班學(xué)生的數(shù)量是五十個(gè)。Anumberofplayers________fromAmerica.很多隊(duì)員來自美國。8．形式上雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Alotofpeople________dancingoutside.很多人正在外面跳舞。Thepolice________lookingforthelostboy.警察正在找那個(gè)丟失的男孩。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致isareareare中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)三語法一致原則1．由each以及some,any,no,every等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Eachofus________anEnglishbook.我們每個(gè)人都有一本英語書。________everybodyready?每個(gè)人都準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？2．常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞，如glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致hasIs中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)3．主語后有with,togetherwith,alongwith,besides,except,but,aswellas等引導(dǎo)的短語作插入語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與它前面的主語保持一致。Theteacherwithhisstudentsisgoingtovisitthemuseum.老師和他的學(xué)生們將去參觀博物館。4．由and或both…and連接的并列成分作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。BothheandIareright.我和他都是對(duì)的。5．單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞及動(dòng)詞不定式短語作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)Ⅰ.用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．There________(be)somebeefontheplate.2．Notonlyyoubutalsoshe________(have)beentoParis.3．Everydayanumberofpeople________(come)tothepark.Thenumberofthem________(be)about700.4．Fiftydollars________(be)enough.5．Therich________(be)notalwayshappy.6．Nobody________(like)tobecriticized.7．Bettywithherparents________(be)goingcamping.8．Thepairofshoes________(be)veryexpensive.9．Neitherwenorshe________(have)beentothefarm.語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致考點(diǎn)過關(guān)ishascomeisisarelikesisishas中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)10．Doingmorningexercises________(make)ushealthy.11．Anumberofstudentsinthisclass________(be)fromSichuan.12．EveryoneexceptTomandMike________(be)herewhentheteachercamein.13．SomeagreewithJim,buttherestofus________(agree)withSam.14．TheSmiths________(be)makingdumplingsinthekitchenatthistimeyesterday.15．Todevelopourindustryandagricultureatagreatspeed________(be)necessary.Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Thenumberoftheteachersinourschool________greatlyincreasedsincelastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschool________fromthecountryside.A．has;isB．has;areC．were;areD．were;is語法互動(dòng)（十一）┃主謂一致makesarewasagreewereisB中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)2．There________stillsomemilkinthefridge.It'snotnecessarytogotothestoretoday.A．a(chǎn)mB．isC．a(chǎn)reD．be3．—Howmuchisthepairofshoes?—Tendollars________enough.A．isB．a(chǎn)reC．a(chǎn)mD．be4．—David,there________adictionaryandsomebooksonyourdes