必修五第二單元Useful words and expressions

Unit2TheUnitedKingdomUsefulwordsandexpressionsMatchthefollowingusefulwordsaccordingtotheirEnglishmeaning.consistofaccomplishdivide…intoclarifybreakaway(from)tosucceedindoingsth.separate…intobemadeupofescapefromsomeonecausesth.tobecomeclearoreasiertounderstandtomakesomeonelikeoradmireenjoyableconvenienceattractcollectionleaveout

thequalityofbeingusefulandconvenientfailtoincludeapersonorthingagroupofobjectsthathavebeencollectedprovidingpleasureorhappiness

Usefulphrases

consistofdivideintobelinkedtorefertoaswellbejoinedtobreakaway由……組成把……分成……連接,聯(lián)系提到；講起也與……相連Revision脫離；掙脫（束縛）8.toone’scredit9.forconvenience10.beknownas11.settlein12.lookaround13.leaveout值得贊揚(yáng)；為……帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)為了方便,為了實(shí)用被稱作……,以……著稱安頓,適應(yīng)環(huán)視；到處看省去,不考慮,遺漏Languagepoints1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?

consistvi.在于,存在于;組成,構(gòu)成習(xí)慣搭配：1)

consistof

由…組成,由…構(gòu)成,包括

(注意:不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))

相當(dāng)于bemadeupof

Thisclubconsistsofmorethan200members.Auniversityconsistsofteachers,administratorsandstudents.2)

consistin

在于,存在于Thebeautyofthepictureconsistsinitsbalanceofcolors.3)

consistwith

與…一致,符合…Thereportdoesnotconsistwiththefact.2.Englandcanbedividedintothreemainareas.

divide

v.

分,劃分；分裂Theteacherdividedourclassintofourgroups.Thechildrendividedupthecandyamongthemselves.

Weshallnotletsuchasmallmatterdivideus.divide的常用搭配:

divide…into…把…分成…

dividesth.among/between

在…中分配

divideAfromB使分離;使分開(kāi)

divide…by…用…除以divide,separate都有“分開(kāi)”之意

divide指把一個(gè)整體按要求分成幾個(gè)部分，

暗示分配之意；也可指分開(kāi)兩個(gè)對(duì)立的

事物。separate指把兩個(gè)人或物分開(kāi)，著重從原屬

一個(gè)整體中移居一部分或把兩者隔開(kāi)。[知識(shí)拓展]Theworldisdividedintofivecontinents.Let’sdividethecakeintothree.Heseparatedthebigeggsfromthesmallones.Thetwocommunitiesareseparatedbyahighway.1).Theapplewas_______intotwo.2).We_______themoneyequally.3).Oxygencanbe________fromwater.4).TheTaiwanStrait________TaiwanfromFujian.divideddividedseparatedseparates[小試身手]3.Thereisnoneedtodebateanymoreaboutwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethefourcountries:England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIsland.

句中why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作介詞about的賓語(yǔ)。Marywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.(2005全國(guó)I)A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that解析：答案是A。why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞on的賓語(yǔ)。句意“瑪麗在寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于這個(gè)隊(duì)為什么沒(méi)有贏得比賽的報(bào)告”。[小試身手]1)Thereisnoneedtodosth.

沒(méi)有必要做某事

Thereisnoneed(foryou)tocomeifyoudon’twantto.

Isthereanyneedtoexplainanyfurther？

類似句型有：There'snotimetodosth.沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某事Therewas/isnodoubt...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)2)

debatev.&n.辯論,討論

Whataretheydebating(about)?Shedebatedwhethertoaccepthisinvitation.Afteralongdebate,theHouseofCommonsapprovedthebill.

debate短語(yǔ)：

debateabout/on/uponsth.爭(zhēng)論某事

debatewithoneself心中盤(pán)算underdebate在辯論中

beyonddebate無(wú)疑義;無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯openadebate開(kāi)始辯論[知識(shí)拓展]argue,quarrel,debate,discuss,reason這些動(dòng)詞均含“辯論，爭(zhēng)論，說(shuō)理”之意。argue指提出理由或證據(jù)為自己或自己一方的看法或立場(chǎng)辯護(hù)，著重說(shuō)理、論證和企圖說(shuō)服。quarrel指兩人之間或兩個(gè)團(tuán)體之間不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大聲爭(zhēng)論某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”。[知識(shí)拓展]debate側(cè)重指意見(jiàn)等對(duì)立的雙方之間正式或公開(kāi)的爭(zhēng)辯。discuss最常用詞，指就某一或某些問(wèn)題表明觀點(diǎn)、看法等，以便統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識(shí)，解決問(wèn)題。reason指據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)以說(shuō)服對(duì)方或求得對(duì)問(wèn)題作更深入的研究。4.YoucaneasilyclarifyanyproblemsifyoustudyBritishhistory.

clarifyvt.

澄清,講清楚;闡明

vi.得到澄清;變得明晰IhopethatwhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.Hismindsuddenlyclarified.clarifymatters澄清真相clarifyone’sstand闡明自己的立場(chǎng)clarificationn.澄清clarityn.清澈；透明[知識(shí)拓展]5.Happilythiswasaccomplishedwithoutconflict…accomplishvt.完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)Theydidn'taccomplishthepurposedesired.Theyhaveaccomplishedtheirtasksuccessfully.Thejourneywasaccomplishedinfiveweeks.Thebestwayto_______thegoalistodoitatonce.A.completeB.makeC.accomplishD.realize[小試身手]Ccomplete,finish,end,conclude,accomplish這些動(dòng)詞均含“結(jié)束，完成”之意。complete:

側(cè)重指完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)或使某事完善，補(bǔ)足缺少的部分等。finish:

在多數(shù)情況下與complete換用，但不及complete正式，指完成應(yīng)做的事，強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的了結(jié)、終止。[知識(shí)拓展]end:

最普通用詞，著重事情的完成。也指某種活動(dòng)因達(dá)到目的而自然結(jié)束或由于某種原因而突然中止。conclude:

正式用詞，多指以某事或活動(dòng)達(dá)到預(yù)期目的而告終。accomplish:

正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程的完成；也可指依靠努力達(dá)到一定目的，或取得一定的結(jié)果。conflictn.沖突，矛盾，斗爭(zhēng)，戰(zhàn)斗

vi.沖突，爭(zhēng)執(zhí)Armedconflictislikelytobreakoutbetweenthetwocountries.Thehoursofthetwomeetingsconflict.Ifso,yourpointsofviewwillconflictwithhis.

conflictwith抵觸,與...沖突

inconflictwith和...有矛盾,不一致6.However,justastheyweregoingtogetIrelandconnectedtoformtheUnitedKingdom,theSouthernpartofthatcountrybrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.

getIrelandconnected

是getsth.done的結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“使某物/事被做…”，sth.與done存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。getsb.todo

使某人做某事Ourteachergotustofinishourhomeworkinclass.

getsb.done“使某人被…/處于…的狀態(tài)”,sb.與done存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Themothergetsherbabyhangedonherback.Thepolicegothimdefinedintheroom.

havesb.dosth:讓/叫/使某人做某事havesth.done:無(wú)意識(shí)的被動(dòng)行為或有意識(shí)的讓別人替自己做事

havesb./sth.doingsth:

使…一直…Thebossoftenhasthemworkfor14hoursaday.Thepatientisgoingtohavehistemperaturetaken.I'llhavethebikerepairedtomorrow.Youcan’thavehimwaitingintherain.break

away掙脫,逃脫Theprisonerbrokeawayfromhisguards.Canyoubreakawayfromoldhabits?Whatcanwedotohelpthembreakawayfromthedifficultposition?breakawayfrom

脫離，逃說(shuō)，與…斷絕來(lái)往/改變某種習(xí)慣Wetriedtobreakawayfromhim.He’sbrokenawayfromhisfamily.Can’tyoubreakawayfromoldhabits?break的習(xí)慣搭配:breakdown拋錨,出故障,身體跨了breakinto闖入,突然發(fā)出breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、瘟疫、火災(zāi))爆發(fā)breakoff中斷breakin打斷breaktherules違反規(guī)則breakarecord打破記錄6.Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas(eg.thecurrencyandinternationalrelations),...

creditn.信任；贊揚(yáng)；信貸ThecreditforthisinventiongoestoMr.Lodgeandhiscollaborators.

didnotgivecredittoherstory.Heboughtthefurnitureoncredit.

toone’scredit值得贊揚(yáng)

Itisgreatlytoyourcreditthatyougavebackthemoneyyoufound.7.Englandisthelargestofthefourcountriesandforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.

convenience

n.

方便,便利；便利的事

Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydeskforconvenience.

It'sagreatconveniencetoliveintown.

convenient

adj.

適合需要的,方便的習(xí)慣搭配:

atone’sconvenience在方便的時(shí)候

for(thesakeof)convenience為了方便起見(jiàn)

makeaconvenienceofsb.利用某人

8.Whichcountryisleftout?leaveout

省去，不考慮，遺漏Theymustdecidewhattoleaveout.Sheleftoutthedateonthecheque.

leave的常用搭配:leavefor出發(fā)去…leave…behind留下，遺留leave...alone不管，不理，聽(tīng)其自然leaveto留某事給...處理，委托

9.Allofthewordsbelowcantaketheplaceof

said,…taketheplaceof

代替，取代

Nowadaysplasticshavetakentheplaceofmanyconventionalmaterials.takeone’splace入座、就位，坐某人的座位，代替某人Takeyourplace,please.Weareabouttostart.Mr.Greenisill.Whowilltakehisplacetogiveuslessons?takeplace

發(fā)生，舉行TheceremonyshouldtakeplaceonThursday.

一、根據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示用單詞的正確形式填空。

1.Thec________betweentheemployers

andtheworkershasfinallybeen

settled.2.Wehavea___________agreatdealoftheprojectinthelastfewmonths.3.Whata________memosttothehouse

wasitsbeautifulgarden.conflictaccomplishedattracted4.Theflowershow__________(吸引)largecrowdsthisyear.5.Thehotelhasarestaurantfortheguests’___________(方便).

6.Thereportaimedto_________(闡明)

howtheseconclusionswerereached.attractedconvenience

clarify二、用方框內(nèi)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(每個(gè)短語(yǔ)限用一次)。

consistof,divideinto,breakout,referto,pickup,breakaway,toone’scredit,leaveout

1.Thiswordhasbeenspeltincorrectly,andyou’ve__________aletter.2.TheLugouqiaoIncident___________in19373.Ourclassislikeabigfamily,________forty-fivestudents.4.Theboy__________thehatfortheoldman.leftoutbrokeoutconsistingofpickedup5.Whilehewasmakingthespeech,healways__________hisnotes.6.___________,Marytoldotherswhathadhappenedthatmorning.7.ThesouthernpartofIreland_____________fromtheEnglishgovernmentin1921.8.We________________severalgroupstodiscussthedifficultproblemsinclass.referredto

Tohercreditbrokeawayweredividedinto三、根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成