低溫固體氧化物燃料電池

LoweringtheTemperatureofSolidOxideFuelCells

匯報(bào)人：OUTLINEIntroductionofSOFCLoweringtheTemperatureofSOFCImpactofAnodeMicrostructureonSOFCIntroductionIntroductionSOFCFuel:anyfuel

(fromhydrogentohydrocarbonseventtocarbon)HighefficiencySOFC固體氧化物燃料電池(SolidOxideFuelCell，簡稱SOFC)是一種直接將儲(chǔ)存在燃料和氧化劑中的化學(xué)能高效轉(zhuǎn)化成電能的全固態(tài)化學(xué)發(fā)電裝置。

圖2不同能量轉(zhuǎn)換設(shè)備的能量密度[1]Forstand-aloneapplications,SOFCchemicaltoelectricalefficiencyis45to65%LHV,whichistwicethatofaninternalcombustion(IC)engine’sabilitytoconvertchemicalenergytomechanicalwork.[1]

Inacombinedcycle,therearenumerouscombinedheatandpower(CHP)applicationsusingSOFCsystems,whichhavethepotentialtoachieveefficienciesof>85%LHV.[1][1]EricD.Wachsman,KangTaekLee,LoweringtheTemperatureofSolidOxideFuelCells[J].Science,Vol.334,No.6058,2011,pp.935~939ProblemLifetimeSealingproblemsThermalexpansionStart-uptimeTraditionalSOFC(900-1000℃)Cost/ApplicationLT-SOFCLoweringtheTemperatureofSOFCLT-SOFCLT-SOFCMaterialcostdropMaximumtheoreticalefficiencyLT-SOFC（Maximumtheoreticalefficiency)

IncontrasttotheCarnotcycletemperaturedependenceofICengines,theoreticalfuelcellefficiencyincreaseswithdecreasingtemperatureForexample,themaximumtheoreticalefficiencyofanSOFCusingCOasafuelincreasesfrom63%at900℃to81%at350℃.圖3不同燃料的最大理論效率[1][1]EricD.Wachsman,KangTaekLee,LoweringtheTemperatureofSolidOxideFuelCells[J].Science,Vol.334,No.6058,2011,pp.935~939LT-SOFCSearchfornewelectrodeandelectrolytematerials.

Developnewcell

structures.400℃,400mW/cm2.[4][4]H..Huangetal.,High-PerformanceUltrathinSolidOxideFuelCellsforLow-TemperatureOperation[J].Electrochem.Soc.,Vol.154,No.820,2007Electrolyte:LSGM600℃,400mW/cm2.[3]Electrode:Ba-basedperovskite-typeoxidecathodeLaCrO3-Basedanode550℃,>1W/cm2.[5][5]T.Suzukietal.,DesignandFabricationofLightweight,SubmillimeterTubularSolidOxideFuelCells[J].Electrochem.Solid-StateLett.,Vol.10,No.A117,2007[3]J.Yan.etal.,High-PowerSOFCUsingLa0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3Ce0.8Sm0.2O2

CompositeFilm

[J].Electrochem.SolidStateLett.,Vol.8,No.A389,2005ExperimentResultsConclusionTheelectrochemicalperformanceofthecellwasextensivelyimprovedwhenthesizeofconstituentparticleswasreducedsoastoyieldahighlyporousmicrostructure.Becauseofthegasdiffusion,themicro-structuraleffectonperformanceoccursmostclearlyathigherlinearfuelvelocity.Azicronia-basedcellcouldbeusedforaLT-SOFCsystemunder600℃justbyoptimizingthemicrostructureoftheanodeelectrodeandoperatingconditionsReferencesEricD.Wachsman,KangTaekLee,LoweringtheTemperatureofSolidOxideFuelCells[J].Science,Vol.334,No.6058,2011,pp.935~939ToshioSuzukietal.,ImpactofAnodeMicrostructureonSolidOxideFuelCells[J].Science,Vol.325,

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2009,

pp.852-855WeiWanget