【廣東創(chuàng)新設(shè)計】高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero 必修1

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero漫畫欣賞畫面描述Aboyisshoutingathisdad，wholooksupsetanddoesn’tknowwhattodowithhisson.Itseemsthatthekiddoesnotrespecthisdad.寓意理解

Nowadaysmanyfamilieswithteenagersfacetheproblem:parentsandtheirchildrendon’tgetalongwell.Lackofunderstandingandcommunicationisthesourceoftheproblem.你能否對此加以擴(kuò)展，寫一篇120詞左右的小短文？短文填空根據(jù)課文Elias’Story完成下列短文。NelsonMandela，

onJuly18,1918，isthefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfrica.Hestudied

afterheentereduniversity.Thenin1952hesetupalawofficetohelppoorblackpeople.Becauseofhisfight

thegovernmentandanti—blacklaws，hewas

tofiveyearsofhardlabour.AfterthatheformedANCYouthLeague.FightersfromANCbeganto

upbuildingsin1963andhewassentenced

lifeimprisonmentonRobbenIsland.Twentysevenyears

，hewas

bythewhitegovernment.In1993hewas

presidentofSouthAfricaandthegovernmentbyandfortheblackpeoplewasfinally

up.NelsonMandelawasreallyagreatman!bornlawagainstsentencedblowtolaterfreedmadesetⅠ.單詞拼寫1．You’vebrokenthe________(法律)，andyou’llbeputinprisonfortenyearsasapunishment.2．Afterashortrest，Henry________(繼續(xù))todrawthepicture.3．InChina，eachcitizenover18hasthe________(權(quán)利)toelectandtobeelected.4．Thecriminalwas________(判處)to15yearsinprison.5．Whentheactorsplayedonthe________(舞臺)，theaudiencessatintheirseatsandwatchedquietly.lawcontinuedrightsentencedstage6．Thef________intheschoolaresohighthatonlyrichchildrencanstudythere.7．MaryreceivedaninvitationtothepartyfromJohn，butshedidn’ta________it.8．Someofthefilmsarefullofv________.Toomuchfightingisnotgoodforyoungkidstowatch.9．Blackpeopleareborne________tothewhitessotheyshouldsharethesamerightsasthem.10．Itwassocoldinsidethehousethatshehadtowrapherselfinab________tokeepwarm.eescceptiolencequallanketⅡ.短語填空1．Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon’tknowwhoto________.2．AfterHitler

inGermany，EinsteinwasforcedtogotoAmerica.3．Whenhersonreturned，shewasatlast________worries.4．Apoliceofficerwaskilledwhenhiscar________.5．Youcan’t________people________sayingwhattheythink.6．Iknewhimwhenwewereincollege—

wewereonthesamecourse.7．Nothinggiveshimmorepleasurethanhelpingsomeone________.8．Thestudentcheatedintheexam，buthewas________soon.9．Youhavegotto________yourself，oryou’llneversucceed.10．He________hisownbusinessafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.turntocametopowerfreefromblewupstopfromasamatteroffactintroublefoundoutbelieveinsetupⅢ.完成句子1．Itwasin1952andhehadopenedablacklawfirm

(為遇到麻煩的窮苦黑人提供咨詢)．(advise)2．ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaught

(可能就要坐幾年牢)．(prison)3．Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheevenings

(那時我們本來應(yīng)該睡覺)．(asleep)toadvisepoorblackpeopleontheirproblemsIcouldbeputinprisonforyearswhenweshouldhavebeenasleepⅣ.模仿造句1．Wehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.[翻譯]最后，這家工廠到了大量生產(chǎn)這種產(chǎn)品的階段。_______________________________________________________2．Wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwe

werelessimportant，orfightthegovernment.[翻譯]我們可能會陷入無人可求助的地步。_______________________________________________________3．Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.

[翻譯]直到那個時候，我才有機(jī)會去實現(xiàn)我的夢想。_______________________________________________________Finally，thefactoryreachedastagewheretheproductcouldbemadeinlargeamounts.Wemightgetintoasituationinwhichwehavenoonetoturnto.OnlythendidIgetachancetoachievemydream.4．SinceIwasbettereducated，Igotajobworkinginanoffice.[翻譯]因為我日語懂得不多，所以聽不懂她說的話。________________________________________________________

________________5．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.

[翻譯]我初次見到她時，就認(rèn)為她善良誠實。_______________________________________________________SinceIunderstoodverylittleJapanese，Icouldn’tcatchwhatshesaid.IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.核心詞匯梳理1.devotevt.

投身于；獻(xiàn)身；致力于搭配(1)devote...to...獻(xiàn)身于……；專心于……；花(時間、精力等)做……(2)bedevotedto...忠誠于；專心于；熱愛；喜歡

完成句子(1)他致力于城市公園的改善。He

inhiscity.(2)基科熱愛她的音樂。Kiko____________________hermusic.devotedhiseffortstotheimprovementoftheparksisdevotedto提示

to是介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。(3)目前我把所有時間和精力都放在當(dāng)媽媽這件事上。I’mdevotingallmytimeandenergyto

rightnow.(4)特雷薩修女把自己的全部身心都傾注在照顧窮苦人上。MotherTeresahasdevotedherselfto

.派生devotedadj.深愛的；忠實的devotionn．奉獻(xiàn)用devote的適當(dāng)形式填空。(5)MissWhite，a________friendofmine，________allherenergytohercareerandher________tothechildrenmadeusvoteforherandshewaspromotedtoheadmistress.beingamomcaringforthepoordevoteddevoteddevotion2.equaladj.

相等的；平等的n．對手；匹敵；同輩(可數(shù))搭配beequalto勝任；相等；合適

英譯漢或漢譯英(1)Allmenarebornequal

.(2)Theyarequiteequalinability

.(3)她能勝任該項工作。She________thetask.

派生(4)________adv.平等地，同等地(5)________n．平等，同等(6)________adj.不相等的，不平等的

用equal的適當(dāng)形式填空(7)Insomecountries，whatiscalled________doesn’treallymean________rightsforallpeople.人人生而平等。他們能力相當(dāng)。isequaltoequallyequalityunequalequalityequal3．escapen.

逃亡；逃難v．逃脫；避開識記anarrowescape幸免于難；僥幸逃脫；九死一生makeone’sescape逃離；溜走

完成句子(1)他有好幾次差點被鯊魚吃掉。Morethanoncehe____________________frombeingeatenbysharks.(2)聚會很無聊，我們迫不及待地要溜走。Thepartywasboring—wecouldn’twaitto_________________.hadanarrowescapemakeourescape句型(1)escapefrom...從……逃走(2)escapebeingdone差一點被……；僥幸沒有被……(3)他險些被淹死。Henarrowly____________________.(4)他在意外事件中差一點受傷。Henarrowly____________________intheaccident.escapedbeingdrownedescapedbeinghurt4．continuevt./vi.

延續(xù)；繼續(xù)；綿延Thedesertcontinuedasfarastheeyescouldreach.沙漠向前延伸至盡處。

Theweathercontinuedcalm.天氣仍然平靜。

搭配(1)continuetodo或continuedoing或continue＋(with)n．意為繼續(xù)做……

(2)continue(tobe)……繼續(xù)保持某種狀態(tài)

表示空間延伸的詞還有extend，stretch，reach，spread等完成句子

(1)我不得不輟學(xué)，因為我的家庭無法繼續(xù)支付學(xué)費和交通費。Ihadtoleave，becausemyfamilycouldnot__________________theschoolfeesandthebusfare.continuetopay(2)你在那不停的噪聲中怎么能工作下去呀？Howcanyou____________________withallthatnoisegoingon?(3)我們這樣的報酬還要再維持一年。We’ll____________________thepaymentsforanotheryear.(4)據(jù)天氣預(yù)報，到本周末天氣依然很好。Accordingtotheweatherreport，theweatherwill_______________tillthisweekend.continueworkingcontinuewithcontinuefine5．rewardn.

獎賞v．報答Theyrewardedhimforhisgreathelpwithagiftofmoney.他們給他一筆錢以報答他的大力相助。

成為……的報酬：

Goodresultsrewardedherefforts.＝Hereffortswererewardedby(with)goodresults.

她的努力獲得了良好的結(jié)果。

搭配(1)rewardsb.forsth./doingsth.因為……給某人報酬或獎賞某人

(2)reawrdsb.withsth.使某人獲得……獎賞

(3)inrewardforsth.為了獎賞……；作為對……的報答

(4)receive/begivenarewardfor...因……而得到獎賞拓展awardvt.獎勵n．獎品awardsb.sth.使某人獲得……獎品sth.beawardedtosb.某物被授予某人根據(jù)句子意思填空(1)Isthishowyou________meformyhelp?(2)She________him________asmile.(3)Theprofessor

afirstclassprizeforhisscientificdiscovery.(4)Hereceivedamedal

hisbravery.(5)Hewas________thefirstprize.(6)Hispersistence

whenthecarfinallystarted.rewardrewardedwithwasrewardedwithinrewardforawardedwasrewarded6.sentencen.句子；判決，宣判vt.宣判，判決Hereceivedaheavysentence.他受到很重的刑罰。

Thestructureofthesentenceisstrange.這個句子的結(jié)構(gòu)很奇怪。

搭配besentencedto...被判……

完成句子他因參與犯罪被判處三年徒刑。

He

inprisonforhispartinthecrime.

識記pass/pronouncesentenceonsb.對某人判刑；對某人下判斷

serveone’ssentence服刑

undersentenceofdeath被判處死刑

alifesentence無期徒刑，終身監(jiān)禁wassentencedtothreeyears7.opinionn.

意見，見解；評價；輿論用opinion完成下列句子，并熟記。(1)依我和大多數(shù)人的看法，男女是平等的。

andintheopinionofmostpeople，boysandgirlsaretreatedequally.(2)我對她的工作評價很高。I

herwork.(3)我認(rèn)為我們現(xiàn)在存的錢過了10年或許就毫無價值了。Ihold

thatmoneywesavenowmightbeworthlessintenyears’time.(4)金錢能買來幸福嗎？不同的人有不同的回答。有的人認(rèn)為能，有的人則持相反的意見。Canmoneybuyhappiness?Differentpeople

.Somethinkyes，whileothersholdtheopposite.Inmyopinionhaveahighopinionoftheopinionhavedifferentopinions8．crueladj.

殘忍的；殘酷的派生(1)________adv.殘忍地，令人痛苦地(2)________n．殘忍；殘酷

用cruel的適當(dāng)形式填空(3)Itisnoexcusetosaythatdangerouscreaturesdeservetobetreated________onaccountoftheirown________.Theyarenotreally________，fortheytearandkillnotfromloveofunkindness，butbecausetheymustdosoinordertolive.cruellycrueltycruellycrueltycruel重點短語例釋1．outofwork失業(yè)(＝outofajob/withoutajob)根據(jù)漢語意思，完成英文句子。(1)我擔(dān)心自己會丟掉工作。IamworriedaboutwhetherIwill

.(2)他失業(yè)兩年了。He’s

fortwoyears.

提示

表示“失業(yè)”的outofwork是介詞短語，與be連用，可與時

間段連用；而loseone’sjob是瞬間短語動詞，不可與時間段連用。beoutofwork/losemyjobbeenoutofwork拓展填入適當(dāng)?shù)拿~。(3)outof________混亂的；有毛病的；出故障的(4)outof________身材不好；不成樣子(5)outof________看不到(6)outof________過時的，過期的(7)outof________失去控制(8)outof________脫離危險(9)outof________出于興趣(10)outof________出于好意ordershapesightdatecontroldangerinterestkindness2.loseheart喪去信心Sodon’tloseheart，whateveryoudo.不論干什么，都要信心十足。

聯(lián)想loseone’sheartto愛上，喜歡上withallone’sheart全心全意地breakone’sheart使人難過aheavyheart沉重的心情heartandsoul全心全意地

用heart的相關(guān)短語填空(1)She

himassoonasshesawthehandsomeandbravesoldier.(2)Pleasedon’t

，youstillhavemorechances.(3)Amotherlovesherbaby

.(4)Theyhadvery

astheywenttothefuneral.(葬禮)lostherhearttoloseheartwithallherheartheavyhearts3．a(chǎn)samatteroffact事實上Asamatteroffact，fewofusadmitthatexaminationscan

contributeanythingreallyimportanttothestudents’studies.事實上，我們中很少有人承認(rèn)考試能對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)起到什么真正重要的作用。

聯(lián)想infact事實上，實際上actually事實上，實際上inreality事實上，實際上完成句子(1)我昨天沒去，事實上，我整個星期都沒去。Ididn’tgoyesterday，and____________________，Ididn’tgoallweek.(2)他看起來很結(jié)實健康，但實際上，他患有心臟病。Heappearsstrongandhealthy，but，____________________，hesuffersfromaweakheart.asamatteroffactasamatteroffact4．introuble處于不幸中；在監(jiān)禁中完成句子(1)你總是給自己找麻煩。Youarealways

.(2)沒有哪件事比幫助陷入困境的人能給人帶來更大的快樂了。Nothingcangivemorepleasurethanhelpingsomeone____________________.(3)叫你怎么做你就怎么做，否則你就會有麻煩。Doasyouaretold，otherwiseyou’ll____________________.

聯(lián)想getintrouble惹上麻煩askfortrouble/lookfortrouble找麻煩beagreattroubleto對……來說很麻煩have/therebetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事困難maketrouble制造麻煩gettingyourselfintroubleintroublebeintrouble5.turnto翻到；求助于；求救于完成句子(1)打開書，翻到第98頁。Openyourbooksand____________________.(2)他不知道該做些什么，只好求助于老師。Hedidn’tknowwhattodoand____________________forhelp.6.blowup

觀察下列句子，并說出blowup的含義。(1)Ihavetogetmyfronttireblownup.

.(2)Theterroristsblewupthegovernmentbuildings.

.(3)Whenheaskedthedayoff，themanagerblewup.________turntopage98turnedtotheteacher使充氣；打氣(使)爆炸；炸毀生氣7．inaway從某種程度上，也可以說inoneway或insomewayInaway，Idon’tlikethesupergirls’performance.

從某種程度上講我不喜歡超級女生的表現(xiàn)。

聯(lián)想alltheway一路上

bytheway順便說

noway不行，決不

bywayof經(jīng)過，途經(jīng)

ontheway在途中

intheway擋道的；妨礙人的用有關(guān)way的短語填空(1)Thechangesareanimprovement________.(2)Hekeptaskingthesamequestion

.(3)Theystoppedforapicnic

.(他們中途停下車野餐)(4)________willIgoonworkingforthatman.(5)I’mafraidyourcaris

.(6)TheyaretravelingtoFrance________London.inawayallthewayonthewayNowayinthewaybywayof8．setup設(shè)立；創(chuàng)立；建立完成句子(1)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后成立了新政府。Anewgovernment____________________afterthecivilwar.(2)學(xué)校設(shè)立了一個特別班級來幫助閱讀差的學(xué)生。Theschoolhas____________________tohelppoorreaders.

聯(lián)想setabout著手做setaside儲蓄；擱置setoff動身，啟程；引爆，燃放setout出發(fā)；開始做wassetupsetupaspecialclass疑難語句細(xì)解1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。點撥

此處Thelastthirtyyearshaveseen...是一種擬人化的寫作手法，以增加句子的表現(xiàn)力。see意為“(在某段時期或某地)發(fā)生，經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受”。(1)接下來的幾年里發(fā)生了連年的糧食欠收。Thenextfewyears

.

(2)五世紀(jì)見證了西方羅馬帝國的滅亡。____________________theendoftheRomanEmpireinthewest.(3)這個城市在過去的十年間經(jīng)歷了多次的變革。

inthelasttenyears.sawaseriesofbadharvestsThe5thcenturysawThecityhasseenmanychanges2．ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時候，是我一生中非常艱難的時期。

句型Thetimewhen...……的時間(時候)……

根據(jù)漢語意思，完成英語句子。(1)我們什么時候走無關(guān)緊要。Thetime____________________matterslittle.(2)你們說冬奧會是什么時候開始的呢？Tellme_________whenthewinterOlympicGamesbegan.(3)這個習(xí)俗始于男子佩戴寶劍的時代。Thecustomdatesfrom_______________menworeswords.whenweleavethetimethetimewhen3．Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful；whenthiswasnotallowed...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。

句型onlythendidwe...只有到那個時候，才……

提醒“only＋狀語(副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句)”放在句首，用部分倒裝。

用括號中所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)Onlyinthisway________you________fromthehero.(can；learn)(2)Onlywhentheactortookoffhisglasses________we________him.(do；recognize)canlearndidrecognize怎樣猜測詞義(一)【方法技巧】根據(jù)給出的定義或解釋猜測詞義。為了解釋或說明某個詞語的意義，有時作者會用直接定義法。如：Anthropologyisthescientificstudyofman.由此可知anthropology意為“研究人類的科學(xué)，人類學(xué)”。注意關(guān)鍵的信息詞，如：is，means，refersto，isconsideredtobe，isknownas，iscalled，canbedefinedas等等。有時作者也會用一個定語從句之類的結(jié)構(gòu)來解釋某個單詞的含義。如：Forthepurposeofelectrostatictheoryallmatterscanbedividedintotwofairlydifferentclasses:conductors，inwhichelectricalchargecanfloweasilyfromoneplacetoanother；andinsulators，inwhichitcannot.由inwhich引導(dǎo)的定語從句，可猜測出conductors意為“導(dǎo)體”，insulators意為“絕緣體”。

【實例驗證】“AsIstoodinfrontofthegrave(墓)ofPresidentRichardNixon，Iwasthinkingaboutthetime25yearsagowhenthispresidenthelpedbringtheUnitedStatesandChinaclosertogether.Youngpeopleofourtwocountriesshouldhelpthisrelationshipgrow.”

ThisremarkwasmadebyaShanghaistudentwhenspeakingtohisfellowstudentsattheNixonLibraryinCalifornia，USA.Hewasoneofthe80middleschoolstudentsfromChinaattendingamonth-long“YouthSummit”．TheSummitwastomarkthe25thanniversary(周年)ofPresidentNixon’sjourneytoChina，whichwastheturningpointinChina-U.S.relations.

TheYouthSummitwasaimedatincreasingunderstandingandfriendshipbetweenyoungstudentsofthetwocountriesthroughvisitsanddiscussions.Seventy-fiveAmericanstudentswereselectedtovisitChina.TheyalsovisitedtheNixonLibraryonJuly21beforeleavingforBeijingthenextday.TheheadofthelibrarysaidhewaspleasedtoseetheAmericanandChinesestudentstalkingandlaughingtogether.OneChinesestudentsaid，“Ididn’tfinditparticularlydifficulttotalkwithAmericans.Wehaveourdifferences，butwehavealotincommon.Dialogueisgoodforus.”◆Thewords“YouthSummit”referto________.A．visittotheNixonLibrary

B．theChinesestudents’visittotheU．S.C．a(chǎn)meetingdiscussingrelationsbetweenChinaandtheU．S.D．a(chǎn)ctivitiestostrengthenthetiesbetweentheChineseandAmericanstudents

答案：D

【實踐應(yīng)用】RecentsurveysfoundthatnearlyafifthofteenswhohaveaccesstotheWebhavetheirownblogs.And38%ofteenssaytheyreadotherpeople’sblogs.Bycomparison，aboutatenthofadultshavetheirownblogsandaquartersaytheyreadotherpeople’sonlinejournals.

Inanothersurvey,79%ofteensagreedthatpeopleattheiragearen’tcarefulenoughwhengivingoutinformationaboutthemselvesonline.Besides，carelessbloggingcanalsoaffectblogviewers.Whenyouareangryorfrustrated，yourblogisthefirstplaceyouturnto.Thewordsyoupostthenmaynotberationalwhichyoumayregretlater.Tominimizethenegativeeffect，changethepermissionsettingandmakesuchposts“private”sothatonlyyoucanreadthem.Aslongasyouarecarefulwithwhatyoupost，bloggingisagreatmeansofstayingintouchwithfriendsanddisplayingone’screativeworks.◆Theunderlinedword“rational”probablymeans______.A．strangeB．perfectC．helpfulD．reasonable

解析：根據(jù)rational后面的定語從句“whichyoumayregretlater”可做這樣的判斷，“令人后悔的話”肯定是“不理智的，欠思考的(notrational)”，是不太合理的發(fā)泄或表達(dá)。那么，rational肯定意為“合理的，有道理的”。

答案：D實戰(zhàn)演練Wealreadyknowthefastest，leastexpensivewaytoslowclimatechange:Uselessenergy.With

a

little

effort，and

not

much

money，most

of

us

could

reduceour

energy

diets

by25percent

or

more—doingtheEarthafavor

while

also

helping

our

wallets.

Notlongago，mywife，PJ，andItriedanewdiet—nottolosealittleweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange.Scientists

have

reported

recently

that

the

world

is

beatingup

even

faster

than

predicted

only

a

few

years

ago，and

that

the

consequences

could

be

severe

if

we

don’t

keep

reducing

emissions(排放)of

carbon

dioxide(CO2)and

other

greenhouse

gases

that

are

trapping

heat

in

our

atmosphere.Wedecidedtotryanexperiment.ForonemonthwerecordedourpersonalemissionsofCO2.Wewantedtoseehowmuchwecouldcutback，sowewentonastrictdiet.TheaverageUShousehold(家庭)producesabout150poundsofCO2adaybydoingcommonplacethingsliketurningonair-conditioningordrivingcars.That’smorethantwicetheEuropeanaverageandalmostfivetimestheglobalaverage，mostlybecauseAmericansdrivemoreandhavebiggerhouses.Buthowmuchshouldwetrytoreduce?Forananswer，IcheckedwithTimFlannery，authorofThe

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