初中英語賓語從句秋季個(gè)性學(xué)講義-學(xué)生板

賓語從句賓語從句.掌握賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞;.掌握賓語從句的語序；.掌握賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)。1.if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句;2.賓語從句中語序問題。、什么是賓語？1、賓語是動作、行為的對象，是動作的承受者，一般放在及物動詞或介詞后面。賓語由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語來擔(dān)任。例1.Ilikemyteacher.（名詞作賓語）練習(xí)1.判斷下列句子的賓語成分。Ienjoyplayingbasketball.Idecidetostudyhard.Iknowhim.二、什么是賓語從句？賓語從句就是由一個(gè)句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語，并有一個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)。例1.WeknowYaoMing.2.Weknowthatheisafamousbasketballplayer.練習(xí).判斷下列句子，哪些句子含有賓語從句，并畫出來。willtelltheteacherMarywon,tgotoschooltomorrow.Everybodyherelikestohelpeachother.Thebosssaidthatheeverwasverypoor.I’msogladthatyoucancometomybirthdayparty.Pleasetellmethetruth.三、引導(dǎo)詞1、that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，可省略。I——例.Idon,tthink(that)hewillcome.我認(rèn)為他不會來。Manypeoplebelieve(that)robotswilldomostourwork.許多人相信機(jī)器人會做我們的大部分工作。練習(xí)：單項(xiàng)選擇1、Idon'tthinkhewillkeephisword.A./B.whenC.whyD.what2、Weallknowmostforeignersdon'tusechopsticks.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what2、whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不作成分，翻譯為“是否”，不可省略。rYi 例：Iaskthemwhether/iftheywouldwinthematch.我問他們能否贏得這場比賽。Doyoucarewhether/ifyouwin?你對自己是否會贏很介意嗎?Heaskedmewhether/ifMissLiwasateacher.他問我李小姐是否是一位老師。(2)只用whether不用if的情況□引導(dǎo)介詞后的賓語從句時(shí)。E.g:Itdependsonwhetheritwillsnowtomorrow.這取決于明天是否會下雪。I’minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。口與ornot連用時(shí)。E.g:Iaskedyoursecretarywhethershecouldcomeornot我問你的秘書她是否能來。Letmeknowwhetherhehaspassedtheexamornot.讓我知道他是否已通過了考試?？谂c不定式連用時(shí)。E.g:Ireallydon,tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.我真的不知道是接受還是拒絕。NextMondaytheteacherwilltelluswhethertohaveatest下周老師會告訴我們是否考試。□賓語從句前置，置于句首時(shí)。E.g:Whethertheycancomehereontimewedon,tknow.他們能否按時(shí)到這里，我們不知道。練習(xí)：在下列橫線上填上whether或if。1、Idon,tknowhewillcomeornot.2、Marywillattendthemeeting,Idon,tcare.3、Idon,tcareMarywillattendthemeeting.4、Mrs.WhiteaskedmeIwouldgoshoppingwithher.3、疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句疑問詞包括疑問代詞(what,which,who,whose)和疑問副詞(when,how,where,why)。它們在賓語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語等，因此不能省略。E.g:Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?你知道今天下午誰要來嗎？Idon,tknowwhomyoushoulddependon.我不知道你該依靠誰。Idon,tknowwhatitis,我不知道那是什么。Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?(作定語)能告訴我我們得走哪個(gè)門嗎？Hedidn,ttellmewhenthetrafficaccidenthadtakenplace.(作時(shí)間狀語)Yourcoatlooksverynice.Couldyoutellmewhereyouboughtit?(地點(diǎn)狀語)例：將正確答案的選項(xiàng)填在括號里。( )1.It'sfoggytoday.Ican'tfindoutit'samanagirl.A.if,and B.that,and C.either,or D.whether,or( )2.CouldyoutellmeifhetoBeijing?A.hasgoneB.hadgone C.went D.go( )3.Mrs.WhiteaskedmeIwouldgoshoppingwithher.A.what B.which C.whether D.that( )4.Idon'tknowtheshoescheapenough.A.if,are B.where,wasC.that,was D.if,was四、語序賓語從句的語序?yàn)殛愂稣Z序，句式為:引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其他.。如Iwonderwhetherhewillpasstheexam.Shedoesn,tknowwheresheshouldgo.注意：當(dāng)who為賓語從句的主語時(shí)，句式為：who+謂語+其他。E.g:DoyouknowwhohaswonBattlefield3game?你知道是誰贏得了“戰(zhàn)地3”的游戲嗎？江］例：單項(xiàng)選擇1、LiLeididn'ttelltheteacherwhyyesterday?A.hedidn'tcome B.didhenotcomeC.didn'thecome D.hedon'tcome2、Wedidn'tknowtovisitourschool.A.whendidhecomeB.whenwouldhecomeC.whenhecameDoyouknowwhattime.A.thetrainleave B.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleave D.thetrainleaves*五、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1、時(shí)態(tài)變化：賓語從句謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)常常受到主句謂語動詞的影響，簡單概括為:主過從也過；'主現(xiàn)從而意Eg:Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboywherehelived.這個(gè)女警詢問小男孩住在哪里。Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.他說他要去照顧那個(gè)小孩。DoyouknowhowAmycametoschoolmorning?你知道今早艾米是怎么來上學(xué)的嗎?Idon,tknowwhenhewillcomeback.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。Pleasetellmewhomyouwenttothegardenwiththismorning.請告訴今早和你去花園的是誰？由例：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1、Lacytoldmeshe(will)helpmewithmyEnglishthisafternoon.2、Jackisn'tsurehowmanystudentshesawthere(be)inhisfather,sfactory.3、Jackisn'tsurehowmanystudentsthere(be)inhisfather,sfactorynow.2、當(dāng)賓語從句表達(dá)客觀事實(shí)或規(guī)律時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。E.g:Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老師說地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。Everyoneknewthattherearesixtyminutesinanhour.每個(gè)人都知道一個(gè)小時(shí)六十分鐘Theteachertoldus.A.istheearthround B.theearthwasroundC.theearthisroundD.wastheearthroundOurteacherevertoldusoneandonetwo.A.hasbeenD.wasC.is D.were、選擇填空:( )1.DoyouknowIcouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which( )2.Ithinkyouwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how( )3.Hetoldmeshewouldcatchtheearlybus.A.which B.whether C.whyD.that( )4.Mrs.GreenaskedmeIwouldgowithher.A.whatB.whether C.whyD.that( )5.Idon,tknowhestillliveshere.A.whereB.what C.whenD.whether( )6.Callyoutellmewhyyesterday?A.youdidn'tcomeB.didyounotcomeC.didn'tyoucomeD.youdon'tcome( )7.Idon,tknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,I,lltellyou.A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;if( )8.Jackisn'tsurestudentsthereareinhisclass.A.howmany B.what C.which D.whether( )9.Canyoutellmeyesterday?A.whattheydo B.whattheydidC.whatdotheydo D.whatdidtheydo( )10.Iwanttoknowhishomeworkyesterdayevening.A.ifhefinished B.whetherhehadfinishedC.hadshefinishedD.hasshefinished( )11.Doyouknowwhatthistimeyesterday?A.theyaredoing B.aretheydoingD.theyweredoing D.weretheydoing( )12.Excuseme,canyoutellme?A.whywasthetrainlateB.whythetrainwaslateC.whyisthetrainlateD.whythetrainislate( )13.Iwanttoknowiftheythespringsportsmeetingnextmonth.Iftheyit,Imustgetreadyforit.A.hold;willholdB.willhold;holdC.hold;holdD.willhold;willhold( )14.Hewantedtoknowhowlonginhospital.A.sheisstayingB.shehadstayedC.didshestayD.shestay( )15.Mybrothersaidhegoinghisfriendthenextday.A.was,tomeet B.wouldgo,hasC.willgo,wasgoingto D.willgo,will( )16.HetoldmethathetoLondonthenextday.A.wouldgoB.go C.went D.hasgone( )17.Hesaidthatlightmuchfasterthansound.A.traveled B.willtravelC.travelsD.istraveling( )18.Ourteachersaidthatthemoonaroundtheearth.A.turn B.turnedC.hasturnedD.turns( )19.HesaidthatAprilthemonthofayear.A.is,third B.is,fourthC.was,fourthD.was,third()20.Doyouknow?A.isitwhosepen B.whosepenisitC.whosepenitis D.itiswhosepen二、用合適的連接詞填空。Jimtoldmehedidn'tgofishingyesterdayafternoon.(how,why)Doyouknowelseisgoingtobeondutytoday?(who,whom)Shesaiditwouldn'tmattermuch.(that,if)Healwaysthinkshecandobetter.(how,who)Theydon'tknowtogoorwait.(if,whether)Wearetalkingaboutwe'llgobacktomorrow.(whether,if)IwasreallysurprisedatIsaw.(where,what)Idon'tknowsomanypeoplearelookingathim.(how,why)三、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1、Mikeaskedmeifwe(ask)anyquestionsthenextclass.2、ComradeWangdidn'tknowifthere(be)onEnglisheveningthatday.3、Pleasetellmeifshe(come)againnexttime.4、Hetoldmehe(help)herwithhermathsthenextevening.5、Shesaidthey(know)eachotherforquitesometime.四.按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型。DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?(改寫句子)一CouldyoutellusMr.BrownlivinginChina?"Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?” heaskedme.(變?yōu)閺?fù)合句)一Heaskedmethegirlsomehelp.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Iwanttoknowthetrain.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用not...Until改寫)Theygohometheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句)LiLeiwantstoknowPeterhereyesterday.五、根據(jù)句子所給的漢語意思完成句子。.我聽說他一個(gè)小時(shí)后會回來。Ihearthathe..他說他非常想念我們。Hesaidthat..老師告訴我們地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。Theteachertoldusthat...我想知道他是否跟我我們一起去公園。Iwanttoknow .問問他是否能來。Askhim.、單項(xiàng)選擇Canyoutellmeyouwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.thatIdon'tknowtheyhavepassedtheexam.A.WhatB.ifC.whenD.whereIhardlyunderstand.hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whoShedidn'tknowbacksoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeIdon'tknowhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.whenDoyouknowtheylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatB.whenC.whyD.howHeaskedmetoldmetheaccident.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whoseIwastoldBillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.（重慶市）A.t