wy人教版第一單元book5unit1languagepoints語言點(diǎn)講解課件

1.defeat[教材P2原句]

JOHNSNOWDEFEATS

“KINGCHOLERA”約翰·斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王”

(1)vt.打??；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫LiNadefeatedheropponentandwonthefirstinthefinalofFrenchOpenin2011.

在2011年法國(guó)網(wǎng)球公開賽決賽中李娜擊敗對(duì)手獲得

了冠軍。(2)n.[C，U]失敗TheBrazilnationalfootballteamsufferedadefeatintheWorldCup.巴西國(guó)家足球隊(duì)在世界杯上被擊敗了。defeat，

beat，

windefeat擊敗，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程和結(jié)果賓語是對(duì)手beat打??；(連續(xù))擊打賓語是對(duì)手win贏得；獲勝賓語是game或prize等[自填助記]YesterdayI

Johnatchess.He

onlyoneset，

whileI

twosets.昨天我和約翰下棋贏了他。他只贏了一盤，而我贏了兩盤。Defeated/beatwonwondefeat，

beat，

win2.attendvi.&vt.照料；護(hù)理(病人)；出席；參加

[教材P2原句]

JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert，

indeed，

thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.約翰·斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生——他的確醫(yī)術(shù)

精湛，因而成了維多利亞女王的私人大夫。①Theprofessorisrichinknowledge，

soweallliketoattendhislecture.這位教授知識(shí)淵博，因此我們都希望聽他的演講。attendameeting/alecture/school

參加會(huì)議/聽報(bào)告/上學(xué)attend(on/upon)sb.照顧某人；伺候某人attendto處理；對(duì)付；接待

(顧客)；專心；注意②DuringhisvisittoChina，

Putinattendedthe16thChinese-RussianPrimeMinistersmeetinginOctober，

2011.在2011年10月訪問中國(guó)期間普京出席了中俄總理第十六次會(huì)議。③Hewasbadlyinjured.Asaresult，

hewasattended(on)bythreenurses.他傷勢(shì)嚴(yán)重。因此，有3名護(hù)士護(hù)理他。attend，

join，

joinin，

takepartin指參加會(huì)議、上課、上學(xué)、聽報(bào)告等指加入某組織、團(tuán)體，成為其中的一員指參加某種活動(dòng)，表示與某人一起做某事則用joinsb.insth.指參加群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等，往往指參加并持積極態(tài)度，起一定作用[自填助記]①Ioften

meetingsandsometimesI

theirdiscussion.我經(jīng)常出席會(huì)議，有時(shí)參與大會(huì)的討論。②Mywishisto

thearmyaftergraduation.我的愿望是畢業(yè)后參軍。③Lincoln

politicsandwasstronglyagainstslavery.林肯積極參加政治活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)奴隸制度。attendjoinin/takepartinjointookanactivepartin3.exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接觸

[教材P2原句]

Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助(那些)受到霍亂威脅的普通

百姓，他就感到很振奮。exposesb./sth.to...

使……暴露于……；

使……接觸到……beexposedto...

暴露于……；置身于……exposuren.暴露；揭發(fā)形象記憶1.Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我們想讓孩子們受到盡可能多的藝術(shù)和文化熏陶。2.別在太陽下曬得太久，你會(huì)被曬傷的。

Don'texposeyourselftothesunfortoolong.Youwillgetburnt.4.cure

n.[C]治愈；療法vt.治愈；治療；改掉(壞習(xí)慣)[教材P2原句]

Neitheritscausenoritscure

wasunderstood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。

1.DoctorsaresearchingforacureforAIDS.醫(yī)生們正在尋找艾滋病的治療方法。2.Wemustcurethechildrenofbadhabits.我們必須糾正孩子們的壞習(xí)慣。3.這種藥也許可以治好你的頭痛。Thismedicinemaycureyouofyourheadache.⑤acurefor...

⑥

治愈某人的??；改掉某

人的壞習(xí)慣curesb.ofsth.醫(yī)治某種病的療法cure，

treatcure強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，即“治愈”；可構(gòu)成curesb.ofsth.結(jié)構(gòu)treat強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，不涉及結(jié)果；可構(gòu)成treatsb.forsth.結(jié)構(gòu)[自填助記]①Thedoctor

herheadachewithanewmedicine，

butdidn't

her.②Hewas

forhisheartdiseaseforthreemonths，

butthedoctorssaidtheycould

himofitinonemonth.treatedcuretreatedcure5.challengen.[C，U]挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)

[教材P2原句]

JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.約翰·斯諾想面對(duì)這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，解決這個(gè)問題。①TodealwiththeeconomyisarealchallengeforGreece.處理經(jīng)濟(jì)問題對(duì)希臘來說是一項(xiàng)真正的挑戰(zhàn)。(1)facethechallenge面臨挑戰(zhàn)

accept/takeupachallenge接受挑戰(zhàn)(2)challengesb.

tosth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)某事

challengesb.

todosth.向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事

②He

toaTVdebate.他接受了電視辯論的挑戰(zhàn)。③WhenIsaidIranfasterthanher，

shechallengedmetoarace.當(dāng)我說我跑得比她快時(shí)，她硬逼著要和我賽跑。④MrWang

anothertennisgame.王先生向我挑戰(zhàn)再打一場(chǎng)網(wǎng)球比賽。acceptedachallengechallengedmetoplay[點(diǎn)津]challenge本身已含“向……；對(duì)……”的意義，因而不要再加多余的to。向某人挑戰(zhàn)

6.absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使專心

[教材P2原句]

Thesecondsuggestedthatpeople

absorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時(shí)把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。①Thiskindofpaperabsorbsink.這種紙吸墨水。o...把……吸收入……absorb...from...

從……中吸收……absorbsb.'sattention吸引某人的注意beabsorbedin專心于；全神貫注于②Plantscan

nutrients

thesoil.植物能從土壤中吸收養(yǎng)分。③Dolly

SongsungbyWuDongboabsorbedmyattention.武東博演唱的《甩蔥歌》吸引了我的注意力。④

，

Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.湯姆專心工作，幾乎忘記了吃飯和睡覺。absorbfromAbsorbedinhiswork7.suspect[教材P2原句]

JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededevidence.約翰·斯諾推測(cè)第二個(gè)理論是正確的，但他需要證據(jù)。(1)vt.懷疑；認(rèn)為①Neveremploythemanyoususpect，

norsuspectthemanyouemploy.[諺語]疑人不用，用人不疑。suspectthat...

懷疑……；覺得……suspectsb.

of(doing)sth.懷疑某人(做過)某事suspectsb.

tobe...懷疑某人是……②Whatmakesyoususpecthimofstealingthemoney？你憑什么懷疑錢是他偷的？③Isuspectthatheisathief.＝

I

him

athief.＝

I

him

athief.我懷疑他是個(gè)小偷。(2)n.[C]嫌疑犯④Thepolicehavetakenthesuspecttothepolicestation.警察把那個(gè)嫌疑犯帶到了警察局。suspectofsuspecttobe8.blame[教材P2原句]

Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?1)vt.責(zé)備；指責(zé)；把……歸咎于betoblame(forsth.)

對(duì)(壞事)負(fù)有責(zé)任；

(因某事)應(yīng)受責(zé)備blamesb.

for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而責(zé)備某人blamesth.

onsb.把某事歸咎到某人身上①Don'talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.Sometimesyouyourselfaretoblame.不要總把自己的失敗歸咎于他人。有時(shí)該怪你自己。②Who

theaccidentoftheBeijing-Shanghaiexpresstrain？誰應(yīng)該為京滬高鐵事故負(fù)責(zé)？wastoblamefor(2)n.[U]過失；責(zé)備bear/take/accept/gettheblame(forsth.)(對(duì)某事)承擔(dān)責(zé)任put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.將某事歸咎于某人③IamreadytotaketheblameforwhatIsaid.我已準(zhǔn)備對(duì)我所說的負(fù)責(zé)。④She'll

meifitgetsbad.如果事情變?cè)?，她?huì)把此事歸咎于我。puttheblameon9.announcevt.宣布；宣告(決定、計(jì)劃等)；(尤指通過

廣播)通知

[教材P3原句]

WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.有了這個(gè)特別的證據(jù)，約翰·斯諾就能夠肯定地宣布，

這種被污染了的水?dāng)y帶著病菌。(1)announcesth.(tosb.)

(向某人)宣布、通告某事

announcethat...

宣布……；通知……Itisannouncedthat...

據(jù)宣布……(2)announcementn.通知；通告

makeanannouncement宣布；下通知(3)announcern.廣播員；播音員①Guangdongpoliceannouncedarewardforreportingcrimeclues.廣東警方宣布將給予提供犯罪線索者一筆賞金。②ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistryannouncedthenewstothereporters.＝ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistry

thereportersthenews.外交部發(fā)言人向記者發(fā)布了新聞。announcedto[點(diǎn)津]表示“向某人宣布某事”用announcesth.tosb.或announcetosb.sth.，而不用于announcesb.sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。③ItisannouncedthattherewillbeacelebrationonNationalDay.據(jù)宣布，國(guó)慶節(jié)要舉行慶祝會(huì)。④The

madean

thatallthedetailsshouldbeannouncedthroughthebroadcast.廣播員宣布所有的細(xì)節(jié)都應(yīng)通過廣播公布出來。announcerannouncementannounce，

declareannounce指正式公布、宣布，側(cè)重預(yù)告人們關(guān)心或感興趣的事情，尤指新聞declaredeclare指正式向公眾宣布，側(cè)重“當(dāng)眾發(fā)表”，多用于宣戰(zhàn)、議和或宣判等。declare后可跟復(fù)合賓語[自填助記]①Thedateofhisvisithasnotbeen

.他來訪的日期尚未公布。②Fightinghasbeengoingonforayear，

butwarhasnotyetbeen

.仗已打了一年，但并沒有宣戰(zhàn)。announceddeclared10.instructvt.命令；指示；教導(dǎo)

[教材P3原句]

Thewatercompanieswere

instructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.供水公司得到指示，再也不能讓人們接觸受污染

的水了。①WhenImethim，

hewasinstructinghissonhowtodealwiththecarproblem.當(dāng)我見到他時(shí)，他正在教兒子如何修汽車。(1)instructsb.

insth.

教授某人某事instructsb.todosth.命令某人做某事(2)instructionn.[用復(fù)數(shù)]說明書；使用指南

[C，常用復(fù)數(shù)]指示；命令givesb.instructionstodosth.

命令某人做某事followone'sinstructions聽從某人的指示②MyjobistoinstructherinEnglish.我的工作是教她英語。③Heinstructedme

.他吩咐我把東西傳送給顧客。④Theteachergavethem

toarriveearlytomorrowmorning.老師命令他們明天早晨要早到。todeliverittoacustomerinstructions點(diǎn)擊此圖片進(jìn)入應(yīng)用落實(shí)1.put

提出；推薦2.

aconclusion 得出結(jié)論3.expose...

... 使顯露；暴露4.

sb.'s/sth.'sday 在某人/某物存在的時(shí)候5.facea

面臨挑戰(zhàn)forwarddrawtoofchallenge6.mark...

... 在……上把……標(biāo)出來7.beto

該受責(zé)備；應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)8.link...

將……和……聯(lián)系或連接起來9.look

調(diào)查10.slow

減速；減緩onblametointodown1.putforward提出；撥快；將……提前；推薦

[教材P1原句]

Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes？誰提出了黑洞理論？①Duringthe“10＋3”summit，

PremierWenputforwardproposalsonhowtoestablishanEastAsiafreetradearea.

②Thewomen'sfinalhasbeenputforwardto2：00pm.提出提前寫出putforward的漢語意思③Heputhiswatchforwardtoavoidbeinglateforthemeeting.

④WeputMaryforwardtotakepartinthecompetitiontofindadesignerforthenewairportbuilding.撥快推薦；提名⑤We'retryingtoputasideafewhundreddollarseverymonthtowardsourvacation.我們盡量每月存幾百美元供度假用。⑥Beforeweleavetheoffice，

let'sputthesefilesaway.離開辦公室之前，讓我們把這些文件收拾好。2.drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論①Thedebatedidnotarriveat/cometo/reach/drawaconclusionuntilmidnight.辯論直到午夜才結(jié)束。②Inconclusion，

I'dliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyself.最后，我想說說我過得有多么愉快。③arriveat/cometo/reach/drawaconclusion

④inconclusion得出結(jié)論最后⑤WewillconcludeourconcertwiththenationalAnthem.我們將以國(guó)歌結(jié)束我們的音樂會(huì)。⑥Whatdoyou

theexperiment？從這次試驗(yàn)中你得出了什么結(jié)論？⑦FromtheevidenceImustconcludethatyouarewrong.從證據(jù)看，我敢斷定你錯(cuò)了。concludefrom3.link...to/with...把……和……連接起來

[教材P3原句]

InanotherpartofLondon，

hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.在倫敦的另一個(gè)地區(qū)，他從兩個(gè)與寬街爆發(fā)的霍

亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡病例中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力證據(jù)。①Forcenturiesfarmershavelinkedthebehaviorofanimalstochangesintheweather.幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來農(nóng)民們一直把動(dòng)物行為與天氣變化聯(lián)系在一起。②OureconomyiscloselylinkedwithAmerica's.我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)與美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)緊密相連。linkup(with)

(與……)連接；聯(lián)合join...to/and...

把……與……連接起來connect...to/with/and...

把……與……連接起來relate...to...

把……和……聯(lián)系起來combine...with...

把……和……聯(lián)合起來③Thebandshavelinkedupforacharityconcert.這些樂隊(duì)已聯(lián)合起來，準(zhǔn)備辦一場(chǎng)慈善音樂會(huì)。④Wealthisseldomrelatedtohappiness.財(cái)富鮮與幸福相關(guān)。1.[句型展示]

itscause

itscurewasunderstood.它的起因和治療辦法都未為人所知。[典例背誦]NeitherLibyanorIranwasthemainfocusoftheattentionatthemomentinAsia.現(xiàn)在在亞洲利比亞和伊朗都不是人們關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。Neithernor2.[句型展示]

Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied

therewasanoutbreak.因此每次(霍亂)爆發(fā)，就有成千上萬驚恐的人們死去。

[典例背誦]EverytimeIsawthepictures，

Iwasremindedthat

Guo

Meimeishowedoffwealthonline.每次我看到這些圖片，我就會(huì)想起郭美美在網(wǎng)上炫富

的事。everytime3.[句型展示]

①Thefirst

thatcholeramultipliedintheair.第一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖。②Topreventthisfromhappeningagain，

JohnSnow

thatthesourceofallthewatersupplies

.為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰·斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測(cè)。suggestedsuggestedbeexamined[典例背誦]①PremierWen'sremarkssuggestedthatTiangong-1hadbeensentupintospacesuccessfully.溫總理的話表明“天宮一號(hào)”已發(fā)射成功。②HesuggestedConocophillips(should)takemeasurestostopoilleaking.他建議康菲公司應(yīng)采取措施阻止漏油。4.[句型展示]

Awoman，

whohadmovedawayfromBroadStreet，

likedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshe

toherhouseeveryday.一位已經(jīng)從寬街搬走的婦女，很喜歡從這個(gè)水泵里抽

上來的水，每天都要讓人把水送到她家。

[典例背誦]WangShipenghadhisfootinjuredwhileplayingbasketball.王仕鵬打籃球時(shí)腳受了傷。haditdelivered1.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied

therewasanoutbreak.因此每次爆發(fā)(霍亂)時(shí)，就有成千上萬驚恐的人們

死去。

everytime在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，與eachtime

相同，意為“每次……的時(shí)候”。everytime①EverytimeIwenttoBeijingIwouldvisittheGreatWall.我每次去北京都會(huì)去參觀長(zhǎng)城。②EverytimeIseehim，

he'salwayswearingasmileonhisface.我每次見到他時(shí)，他總是面帶笑容?？梢杂米鬟B詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的名詞短語有以下三類：(1)表示習(xí)慣、經(jīng)常性：everytime，

eachtime，

nexttime，

thefirst/second/last...time等；③

，

Icouldn'tunderstandwhatforeignerssaid.第一次出國(guó)時(shí)，我聽不懂老外說什么。(2)表示瞬間變化，意為“一……就……”：themoment，

theminute，

theinstant，

thesecond等；④ThemomentIsawhim，

Iknewwhathadhappened.見到他的那一刻，我就知道發(fā)生了什么事。ThefirsttimeIwentabroad(3)表示具體時(shí)間，意為“……的那天/那周/……”：

theday，

theweek，

themonth，

theyear，

thespring，

thesummer，

theautumn，

thewinter等。⑤Wegottogether

hereturnedfromabroad.他從國(guó)外回來的那個(gè)晚上我們聚會(huì)了。thenight2.Topreventthisfromhappeningagain，

John

Snow

thatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.

為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰·斯諾建議所有水

源都要經(jīng)過檢測(cè)。句中suggest表示“建議”，另外suggest還有“表明；暗示”的意思。其用法如下：suggested

suggest提議；建議suggestdoing建議做某事suggestthatsb.(should)do(從句中常用虛擬語氣)suggest表明；暗示suggestthat-clause(從句中用陳述語氣)①Hisattitudesuggestedthathewasnotinterestedinitatall.他的態(tài)度表明他對(duì)此一點(diǎn)也不感興趣。②Isuggestedthathe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.我建議他應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。③Mydeskmate'ssleepylooksuggestedthathe

tiredofhisstudyandIsuggestedhe

.我的同桌困倦的表情顯示他學(xué)習(xí)累了。我建議他休息一下