上海牛津英語7A-Unit6,7知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語法重點(diǎn)

教學(xué)內(nèi)容：7AUnit5、6知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語法重點(diǎn)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：三種時(shí)態(tài)的訓(xùn)練和鞏固教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：therebe句型，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法教學(xué)過程：1、課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解2、therebe句型，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法3、練習(xí)鞏固4、家庭作業(yè)Unit6Differentplacespeacen.和平peacefula.祥和的onthemapof…在…的地圖上convenienta.方便的inconvenienta.不方便的convenience口.便利different@不同的differencen.不同點(diǎn)importanta.重要的importancen.重要，性Doingsth.isconvenient.做某事很方便dosth.conveniently方便地做某事takeabusto…=goto…bybus乘公交車去某處11taketheundergroundto… =goto…byunderground乘地鐵去某處.onceaweek一周一次15.twiceamonth一月兩次6aconveniencestore13.Itisimportantforusto家便利店learnEnglishwell.對(duì)我們來7Itisconvenientforsbtodo說學(xué)好英語很重要。sth.某人做某事很方便sth.某人做某事很方便sth.對(duì)他來說做…不容易。inthesuburbs.在郊區(qū)Therearemanytrafficjams有許多交通堵塞。atthebottomofsomesteepsteps在陡峭的臺(tái)階下面ontopofthemountains在山頂relaxoneself自我放松pleasev.-pleasanta.-pleaseda.取悅，使愉快-令人愉快的-感到愉快的pleasesb.取悅某人，使某人高興thechangestothelives生活中的變化lifeindifferentseasons不同季節(jié)的生活seasonalchanges季節(jié)的變化fallingleaves落葉fall—fell-fallen落下Thispairofglovesisblack.這副手套是黑色的。Theglovesareblack這手套是黑色的。Whatseasonisit?是什么季節(jié)？indifferentplaces不同的地方bedifferentfrom…/thesame…as…differencesbetween…and…Itis+adj+todosth做?一很…onceaweek一周一次twiceaweek一周兩次threetimesaweeknoisen.噪音noisyadj.嘈雜的noisy,noisier,noisiestexcitingadj.令人激動(dòng)的/excitedadj.感到激動(dòng)的excitev.使激動(dòng)，使興奮excitementn.激動(dòng)；興奮pleasantadj/使人愉快的pleasev.使高興pleasedadj.高興的；bepleasedwithsth對(duì)…感到滿意的pleasuren.高興；愉快It’smypleasure.leafn.樹葉leavespl.?1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法一、選擇題Whoovertherenow???A.singing??B.aresing??C.issinging??D.singIt'seighto'clock.ThestudentsanEnglishclass.??A.have??B.having??C.ishavingD.arehavingListen!Thebabyinthenextroom.??A.crying??B.cried??C.iscrying???D.criesLook!Thetwinsnewsweaters.??A.arewearing??B.wearing??C.arewear??D.iswearingDon'ttalkhere.Grandparents.A.issleeping??B.aresleeping??C.sleeping??D.sleepTomisaworker.Heinafactory.Hissistersinahospital.??A.work/work??B.works/work??C.isworking/areworkingWhoEnglishbestinyourclass???A.speak??B.speaks??C.speakingMrsReadthewindowseveryday.??A.iscleaning??B.clean??C.cleansD.cleaningWemusicandoftentomusic.??A.like/listen??B.likes/listens??C.like/arelisteningSheupatsixinthemorning.??A.get??B.gets??C.gettingOnSundayhesometimeshisclothesandsometimessomeshopping.??A.wash/do??B.iswashing/isdoing??C.washes/doesThetwinsusuallymilkandbreadforbreakfast,butJimsomecoffeeforit.??A.have/have??B.have/has??C.has/haveD.having/having二、填空：Myfatheralways(come)backfromworkverylate.Theteacherisbusy.He(sleep)sixhoursaday.Listen!Joan(sing)intheclassroom.Sheoften(sing)there.Whereyou(have)luncheveryday?Thegirl(like)wearingaskirt.Look!She(wear)aredskirttoday.?2掌握when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法?3學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句?4therebeTherebe句型用法總結(jié)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中陳述事物客觀存的常用句型，表示“有”，其確切含義是“存在"there作為引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒有意義，用動(dòng)詞be的某些形式作為謂語動(dòng)詞，它的主語是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名詞詞組，動(dòng)詞be和主語的數(shù)必須一致。句子最后通常為表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的狀語。因此要表達(dá)“某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)時(shí)間存在什么事物或人”的時(shí)候常用“Therebe+名詞+地點(diǎn)(時(shí)間)這一句型。例如：ThereisagreatItaliandeliacrossthestreet.穿過街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。Therearesomestudentsinthedormitory.在宿舍里有一些學(xué)生。一、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be應(yīng)該取單數(shù)is；當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用復(fù)數(shù)are。There'samanatthedoor.門口有個(gè)人。Thereissomeapplejuiceinthebottle.瓶子里有些蘋果汁。Therearesomestrangersinthestreet.大街上有一些陌生人。.如果Therebe后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞做主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞be的形式和最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。Thereisanashtrayandtwobottlesontheshelf.架子上有一只煙灰缸和兩個(gè)瓶子。Therearetwobottlesandanashtrayontheshelf.架子上有兩個(gè)瓶子和一個(gè)煙灰缸。二、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的時(shí)態(tài).Therebe句型中動(dòng)詞be可以有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、將來時(shí)和完成時(shí)。Thereisnoharmintrying.不妨一試。Therewerefabulouswildflowersinthehillslastspring.去年春天，山中有極美的野花。Therewillbeafinedaytomorrow.明天將是一個(gè)晴天。Therehavebeenseveralprivateschoolsinourareathisyear.今年，我們這里已經(jīng)有好幾所私立學(xué)校了。.Therebe句型可以和各種助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。Theremaybeacigaretteinthatbox.那只盒子里或許有支香煙。Theremustbesomecakesonthetable.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。Thereusedtobeahospitaltherebeforethewar.戰(zhàn)前，那里曾經(jīng)有家醫(yī)院。.Therebe句型也可以和這樣一些的謂語動(dòng)詞連用：begoingto、seemto、appearto、usedto、belikelyto、happento….Thereseemtobeafewtreesbetweenmeandthegreen.在我與草坪之間好像有一些樹。Thereisgongtobeameetingtonight.今天晚上有個(gè)會(huì)議。Thereislikelytobeastorm.可能有一場(chǎng)暴雨。Therehappenedtobeabusnearby.碰巧附近有輛公交車。Thereappearstohavebeenanastyaccident.似乎發(fā)生了一起嚴(yán)重事故。.therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中除可以用be夕卜，還可以用其它動(dòng)詞。例如：Therecameascentoflime-blossom.飄來一陣菩提樹的花香。OnceuponatimetherelivedakinginChina.從前中國(guó)有一個(gè)國(guó)王。三、Therebe句型的否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和反意疑問句I.Therebe句型的否定句有兩種構(gòu)成方式，一種是將否定副詞not放在be之后，如：Thereisn’taboxintheroom.房間里沒有盒子。Therearen’tanypensonthedesk.課桌上沒有鋼筆。.Therebe句型的一般疑問句是將be放在there之前，回答時(shí)用yes或no,后接簡(jiǎn)單答語。如：Isthereacakeonthetable?桌子上有塊蛋糕嗎？Yes，thereis./No，thereisn't.是，有。/不，沒有。Willtherebeapartytonight？今晚有聚會(huì)嗎？Yes，therewill./No,therewon't是的，有。/不，沒有。.Therebe句型的特殊疑問句主要有howmany和howmuch做引導(dǎo)詞兩種情況:Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?你們學(xué)校有多少學(xué)生？Howmuchmoneyisthereinyourpocket?你口袋里有多少錢?.Therebe句型的反意疑問句Thereisacuponthetable,isn'tthere?桌子上有只杯子，是嗎？Thereissomeorangeintheglass,isn’tthere?杯子里有桔汁，是嗎?四、Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)和have的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系.區(qū)別點(diǎn)：therebe意為存在，強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有某物，不表示所屬關(guān)系；have表示所有關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某地有某物，這是其基本用法。如：Therearesometreesinfrontofthehouse.房前有些樹。TomhasmanyfriendsinChina.湯姆在中國(guó)有許多朋友。.相同點(diǎn)：在表示結(jié)構(gòu)上的含有時(shí)，既可以用therebe句型，也可以用have（has）來表示。如：中國(guó)有許多長(zhǎng)河。TherearemanylongriversinChina.Chinahasmanylongrivers.一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thereisacomputerinmyhouse.（一般疑問句）acomputerinhouse?Therearesomeflowersontheteachersdesk.（一般疑問句）flowersontheteachers'desk?Therearesomeapplesonthetree.否定式）There applesonthetree.Therearen’tanypearsinthebox.（同義句）Thereare pearsinthebox.Therearefiftystudentsinmyclass.（對(duì)劃線部分提問） studentsarethereinyourclass?Thesearecars.（用buses改寫成選擇疑問句）ArethesecarsTwoboysareinourhouse.（改為therebe句型） twoboysinourhouse.二、選擇Thestudentsexpectedthere morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexam.A.beB.beingC.havebeenD.tobeTherenofreshdrinkingwaterandnogoodfarmland,itwasnotacomfortableplaceinwhichtolive.A.be B.wasC.wereD.beingWheredirt,thereareflies.A.therehasB.isC.thereis D.hasthereThereanEnglishteacherand40studentsintheclassroom.A.is B.areC.haveD.being?5用以wh-開頭的特殊疑問句進(jìn)行提問6掌握“ittakes+時(shí)間”的句型.指時(shí)間、季節(jié)、天氣、距離等。Itis5kilometersfrommyhometotheschool..指環(huán)境情況等。 Itwasverynoisyoutsidenow..用作人稱代詞，代替前面提到過的事物。 Thebikeisnotmine.It'sPetre's..用以代替指示代詞this或that。---What'sthis?---It'sapen..具有指示代詞的作用，指一個(gè)人或事物。---Who'sknockingatthedoor?---It'sme.7掌握“itis+形容詞+todo...”的句型Itis+adj+for/ofsbtodosth..it為形式主語.不定式表示的動(dòng)作是由for引導(dǎo)的邏輯主語發(fā)出的.todosth為真實(shí)主語.用for的形容詞:對(duì)事物進(jìn)行描述的形容詞difficulteasyhardimportantnecessaryconvenientdangerouspossibleimpossibleeg:Itisdifficultformetochoosetherightstyle.Itisgoodforustoeatvegetables.注意:有時(shí)可以不帶邏輯主語eg:Itiswrongtolaughatotherswhentheyareindifficulty.Itisimpossibletolearnalanguagewellintwomonths.用of的形容詞:表示人的性格品格的形容詞kindgoodbadnicerightwrongwisesillyfoolishclevercarelesspolitegenerousrudeeg:Itwaswrongofhimtotelllies.Itisstupidofhertomakesuchamistake.It,sniceofyoutooffermeaseat.=Youarenicetooffermeaseat.Itwascarelessofhimtolosesomanythings.=Hewascarelesstolosesomanythings.語法要點(diǎn)2:adj+enoughtodosth（當(dāng)主語與todosth的邏輯主語不一致時(shí)用此句型）

adj/adv+enoughenoughtimefastenoughenoughforsbtodostheg:Herhairislongenoughforhertotieback.ThequestionishardenoughforTomtoreplyto.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換too…to=not???enoughtodosth=so…that…、Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.=Theboyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.8掌握乘坐交通工具的兩種用法:by...,takethe...9掌握some,any,much,alotof的用法direct v.導(dǎo)向 directiondirect v.導(dǎo)向 directionn. 方向 director n. 導(dǎo)演instructv.指導(dǎo)instructionn.指示hike v. (hiked - hikedUnit7Signsaroundussmoking.=Youmustn'tsmoke.=Don'tsmoke.不準(zhǔn)吸煙。6.Nolitter.=Youmustn'tleaverubbish.=Don'tleave-hiking)-hiking)遠(yuǎn)足rubbish.不準(zhǔn)亂扔垃圾。4.gohikinginthe4.gohikinginthe7.silentadj.---silencecountryside在鄉(xiāng)下遠(yuǎn)足countryside在鄉(xiāng)下遠(yuǎn)足n.沉默的—沉默5.Nocigarettes.No5.Nocigarettes.No8.differentadj.differencen.不同的—不同點(diǎn)differencen.不同的—不同點(diǎn)importantadj.-importancen.重要的—重要性convenientadj.-conveniencen.方便的-便利keepsilent=keepquiet 保持安靜putuptentsandgocamping 支起帳篷去野營(yíng)usev.使用-usefula.有用的uselessa.沒有用的helpv.幫助helpfula.有幫助的helplessa.沒有幫助的carev.在意-carefula.仔細(xì)的carelessa.不仔細(xì)的What’sthemeaningof…?它是什么意思？taketurnstodosth.輪流做某事haverulestotakecareoftheenvironment.有規(guī)貝U是無論照顧環(huán)境。It,syourturntodosth.輪到你做某事了。dosth.silently=dosth.insilence靜悄悄地做某事exitv.出去 一反一enterv.進(jìn)入exitn.出口 一反一entrancen.入口usethetelephoneforhelp=callforhelp用電話求助Whatdoesthissignmean?=Whatisthe16.Whatdoesitmean?=meaningofthissign?這個(gè)標(biāo)志是什么意思？Nosmoking.=Don’tsmoke.meanv.meant,meantmeaningn.turnleft志是什么意思？Nosmoking.=Don’tsmoke.meanv.meant,meantmeaningn.turnleft=turntotheleft向左轉(zhuǎn)ontherightof??在。。。右邊silenta安靜的silencen安靜Wemustnotsmoke.=smoken.煙霧v.抽煙Goodluck!好運(yùn)luckya幸運(yùn)的luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)地unluckilyad.finishdoing完成做某事?1掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和must在本單元中的用法can的用法：.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時(shí)一般譯為“能、會(huì)”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時(shí)may和must均不可代替它。如：Shecanswimfast,butIcan’t.她能游得很快，但我不能。Icanseewithmyeyes.我用眼睛看。.表示許可，常在口語中。如:Youcanusemydictionary.你可以用我的字典。.表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時(shí)can’t譯為“不可能”。如：Canthenewsbetrue?這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？一Canitbeourteacher?那個(gè)人有可能是我們老師嗎？一No,itcan'tbeourteacher.HeisonavisittotheGaeWall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長(zhǎng)城呢?！纠}】一IthinkMissGaomustbeinthelibrary.Shesaidshewouldgothere.—No.She__bethere,Ihavejustbeenthere.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t【解析】根據(jù)下文“我剛?cè)ミ^那兒”可知，應(yīng)為“不可能"，can't表示推測(cè)［答案］Acould的用法：.can的過去式，意為“能、會(huì)”，表示過去的能力。如：Hecouldwritepoemswhenhewas10.他十歲時(shí)就會(huì)寫詩。.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時(shí)could沒有過去式的意思。如:Couldyoudomeafavour?你能幫我個(gè)忙嗎？一CouldIuseyourpen?我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎？一Yes,youcan.可以。（注意回答）may的用法：.表示請(qǐng)求、許可，比can正式，如：MayIborrowyourbike?我可以借你的自行車嗎？Youmaygohomenow.現(xiàn)在你可以回家了。【例題】一: IborrowyourMP3?—Sure.Hereyouare.A.MayB.ShouldC.MustD.Would.表示推測(cè)，談?wù)摽赡苄裕鉃椤翱赡?，或許”，一般用于肯定句中。如：Itmayraintomorrow.明天可能會(huì)下雨。Shemaybeathome.她可能在家呢.⑶.may的過去式為might，表示推測(cè)時(shí)?？赡苄缘陀趍ay。如：Heisawayfromschool.Hemightbesick.他離開學(xué)校了，可能是他生病了。.表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿”。通常是用may+主+V例如:Mayyouhaveagoodtime.祝你過得愉快。Mayyoubehappy!祝你幸福！Mayyousucceed！祝你成功！must的用法：⑴.must表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定”。如：YoumuststayhereuntilIcomeback.在我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。MustIhandinmyhomeworkrightnow?我必須現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)嗎？⑵其否定形式mustn't表示“一定不要”“千萬別”“禁止,不許”.如：丫。Umustn'tplaywithfire.你不許玩火。Youmustn'tbelate.你一定不要遲到。(3)對(duì)must引導(dǎo)的疑問句，肯定回答為must，否定回答為needn't或don'thaveto.如：一MustIfinishmyhomework?我現(xiàn)在必須完成作業(yè)嗎？一No,youneedn’t.不，你不必。(4)must表示有把握的推測(cè)，用于肯定句。如：Thelightison,sohemustbeathomenow.燈亮著，他現(xiàn)在肯定在家。注意其反意問句的構(gòu)成形式：當(dāng)must表示肯定的判斷、推測(cè)時(shí)，其反意疑問句要用實(shí)際問句的助動(dòng)詞來構(gòu)成。如：Shemusthaveseenthefilmbeforehasn'tshe?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分)YoumusthavemetuncleWangintheshopyesterday，didn’tyou?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分)need的用法：.need表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問句中，其否定形式為needn't,意為“沒有必要，不必”。用need提問時(shí)，肯定回答為must，否定回答為needn’t或don’thaveto。如：—NeedIstayhereanylonger?我還有必要留在這兒?jiǎn)幔恳籝es,youmust.是的。一No.youneedn't/don'thaveto.不，你不必。⑵.need還可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，如果是人作主語后邊多接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：Ineedtodoitrightnow.我需要馬上做這件事。Heneedstolearnmoreaboutthegirl.他需要多了解那個(gè)女孩。如果是物作主語，一般用needdoing與needtobedone這種情況下應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn)：①.主動(dòng)形式的動(dòng)名詞doing具有被動(dòng)的含義；②.該動(dòng)名詞可以改為其動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式而句子的意義不變。例如：.Thedoorneedspainting.=Thedoorneedstobepainted.那扇門需要油漆一下。Yourcarneedsmending.=Yourcarneedstoberepaired.你的車需要維修了。can't和mustn't1.can’t根據(jù)其基本用法可譯為：(1)不會(huì)。如：Ican'tspeakEnglish.我不會(huì)說英語。不能。如:Wecan'tdoitnowbecauseit'stoodark.天太黑了，我們現(xiàn)在干不了。(3)否定句中表示推測(cè)?！安豢赡堋?，如：Themancan'tbeourteacherbecauseheismuchyoungerthanourteacher..那個(gè)人不可能是咱們老師，他年輕得多。2.mustn't意為“禁止、不許”，用來表達(dá)命令，表示強(qiáng)烈的語氣。如：丫。口mustn'tplayfootballinthestreet.It'stoodangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危險(xiǎn)了。易混點(diǎn)五：must和havetol.must側(cè)重于個(gè)人意志和主觀上的必要。haveto側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)。如：IknowImuststudyhard.我知道我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemid-night我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來。Ihaven’tgotanymoneywithme,soIllhavetoborrowsomefrommyfriend.我身上沒帶錢，只好向朋友借點(diǎn)了。Hesaidtheymustworkhard.他說他們必須努力工作。2.haveto可以用于多種時(shí)態(tài);而must只用于一般現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼Ｈ纾篢hecompositionisduetohandinthismorning,soIhadtofinishitlastnight.作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。易混點(diǎn)六：usedtodo/beusedtodoing/beusedtodo??/beusedfordoingsthusedtodo表示過去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去，只用于過去，注意用to~。，不用doing形式；而beusedtodoing意為“習(xí)慣做…”be可有各種時(shí)態(tài)；beusedtodo意為"……被使用去做……,”為被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。beusedfordoing$出“用作……”如：Myfatherusedtoeatingmeat我父親過去起床晚，但現(xiàn)在不得不早起了。Sheisusedtoeatingmeat她習(xí)慣吃肉。Hewasn'tusedtoeatinginarestaurant.他不習(xí)慣在飯店吃飯。Aknifecanbeusedforcuttingthings.（刀可以用來割東西）/Aknifecanbeusedtocutthings.（刀可以用來割東西）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí).MayIstopmycarhere?????No,you_.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.don'thaveto.Mustwecleanthehousenow???No,you.A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can'tYoureturnthebooknow.Youcankeepitnextweekifyoulike.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynotJohnny,youplaywiththeknife,youhurtyourself.A.won't…can'tB.mustn't…may?C.shouldn't,mustD.can't…shouldn'tThefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonegetout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD