電子商務英語unit03

電子商務英語課件制作人：張海波Objective8PassageA@ActivitiesOnPassageA@BasicE-commerceWriting&RelatedReading8PassageB@ActivitiesOnPassageB:Workonline

ContentsUnit3學習目標Objective:Inthisunit,youwilllearn:TheissuesneedtoknowintheapplicationofE-CommerceTheB2CapplicationflowmodelBenefitsandlossesoccurredintheapplicationofE-commerceBasicE-commerceEnglishWriting

Focus:UseE-commercewiselyandtakeadvantageofit.

Nodus:HowtoavoidthenegativeeffectbroughtbyE-commerce

TheSocialEffectCausedByElectronicCommercePassageA參考譯文注釋與翻譯板電子商務往往通過網(wǎng)絡把企業(yè)與顧客，雇員，供應商和分銷商直接聯(lián)系起來，并籍此獲得市場先機，擴大顧客和供應商群體，提高效率并減少開支。

4注解：電子商務將傳統(tǒng)的商務流程電子化、數(shù)字化，一方面以電子流代替了實物流，可以大量減少人力、物力，降低了成本；另一方面突破了時間和空間的限制，使得交易活動可以在任何時間、任何地點進行，從而大大提高了效率。

Ane-commerceconnectscriticalbusinesssystemsdirectlytocustomers,employees,suppliers,anddistributorsviatheWebtoimprovetimetomarket,accessabroaderbaseofcustomersandsuppliers,improveefficiency,andreducecosts.Toachievethesebenefits,existingbusinessesmusttransformtheirtraditionalbusinessprocesseswithe-commerceapplications.Newbusinesses,sometimescalled“NetGens,”canadopte-commerceapplicationsfromthebeginningtoachievethesamebenefits.Toallowe-commercetoreapthedesiredbenefits,e-commerceapplicationsmustmeetsomefundamentalrequirements;theymustbe:

NetGens(shortforNetworkGeneration),implyingthattheywerethenew,network-basedgenerationofsoftware網(wǎng)絡情報toobtain12為了使電子商務獲取這些所祈望的利益，電子商務的應用必須滿足一些最基本的要求。4注解：以一個簡單的定單交易為例，其中包括了定單內容的傳遞和對定單的處理。前者屬于數(shù)據(jù)交換，后者屬于流程交易。當買方企業(yè)把定單用基于XML的格式傳給了其供應商，那么它們之間就完成了定單的數(shù)據(jù)交換。接下來，買方企業(yè)和供應商之間對定單的應答過程構成了定單的流程交易。如果供應商對定單的處理流程跟買方企業(yè)的一樣，那么流程對話完成，交易實現(xiàn)。然而，事實上，大部分企業(yè)間的流程規(guī)定是不一樣的。如果供應商系統(tǒng)中約定一段時間內的不回復表示拒絕，顯然，這莊交易肯定不能做成功。在這種情況下，買方企業(yè)與供應商之間為了實現(xiàn)交易，就必須彼此溝通，通過利益均衡，定出一個折中的可行的標準接口流程。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代，企業(yè)所面對的客戶和供應商已經(jīng)不再僅僅局限于本地有限的幾個，而是散布在世界各地的數(shù)目可觀的一批。如果說原來企業(yè)間交易可以通過專門開發(fā)的接口，那么面對數(shù)量眾多的異構商務平臺，在實時性要求相當苛刻的現(xiàn)在，專用接口已經(jīng)不能勝任，建立一個基于XML數(shù)據(jù)交換標準的、描述企業(yè)間商務流程交易的標準框架體系已經(jīng)成為必需。

第二頁PassageA注釋與翻譯板1.Standards-basedtoensureportabilityofe-commerceapplicationsacrossmultipleclientandserverplatformsandimproveflexibilityandtimetomarket2.Server-centrictoallowe-commerceapplicationstobedevelopedanddeployedquickly,expandaccesstoabroadrangeofclienttypes,andofferimprovedmanagementanddeploymentcapabilitiescharacteristicofmoderne-commerceapplications3.Scalabletoallowe-commerceapplicationstohandlethehighlyvariableandunpredictableloadsintoday'sWebenvironment4.AvailabletoaddresstheglobalnatureoftheWebrequiringthate-commerceapplicationsrun24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,withguaranteedqualityofserviceTheabilitytoimportandexportdatabetweensystemsToputintouseoractionThisisanattributivephrasemodifyingthenoun“deploymentcapabilities”andequalsto“whicharecharacteristicofmoderne-commerceapplicationsTheabilityforawebsitetogrowwithouttheneedforatotalredesign.可升級的tomeetwithThisisanobjectiveclausePassageA注釋與翻譯板5.Securetoaddresscustomers',suppliers',andotherconstituents'demandsforsecureWebinteractions,inrecognitionofthepotentialrisksofdoingbusinessontheWeb6.Easytodevelopanddeploytoachievelowercostsandfastertimetomarket,bothcriticalsuccessfactorsforanybusiness7.Manageabletoachievelowermaintenancecostsandcontributetohigheravailability8.Abletoleverageandextendexistingassetstoimprovetimetomarketandreducecostofdevelopmentanddeployment,whileimprovingsecurity,reliability,andscalability.Identify;distinguishMakefulluseofproperty資產(chǎn)TheapplicationofelectroniccommercecanbeillustratedinFigure3.1:Ordermanagementsystem①Shoppingcart②Orderprocessing③Confirmorder④EntrytodatabaseShopfrontManagementSystem①Customermanagement②Customerdatabase③Salespromotion④SalesreportOnlineShopping①Browsecatalogue②Orderinquiry③SSLencryption④Registereduser⑤NewsletterupdateBrowserConsumerBrowserLogisticsCompany①Receiveorders②Delivergoods③CollectpaymentFinancialInstitution①Verification(vendor’sandconsumer’s)②Onlinepayment③OnlinebankingBusinessBusinesswebsite(ThirdPartyHosted)Internet

4注解：SSL(安全套接層)是

SecureSocketLayer

的首字字母縮寫，是一種加密的通訊協(xié)定,用在使用者與網(wǎng)絡服務器之間。SSL(SecureSocketLayerProtocol)網(wǎng)絡資料傳輸?shù)陌踩珔f(xié)定，是由著名的Internet先驅NetscapeCommunication提出的針對數(shù)據(jù)的隱秘性/完整性/身份的確認/開放性的安全標準機制。Netscape公司已經(jīng)把SSL協(xié)議遞交給W3C網(wǎng)絡安全工作小組以便使之成為萬維網(wǎng)應用的安全標準。盡管使SSL協(xié)議成為標準還需要一段時間，但SSL協(xié)議事實上已被大部分萬維網(wǎng)軟件生產(chǎn)商所采用。SSL協(xié)議能很好地解決身份驗證、信息保密、信息完整等網(wǎng)絡信息傳輸過程中最為關鍵的安全保密問題。

Aconfirmationoftruthorauthority.

核實，核查對真理或權力的確認課文學習完畢@ActivitiesOnPassageA3.3.1Criticalthinking1)WillECbelimitedbecausenotmanypeoplecanaffordPCsand/oraccesstotheInternet?2)Whatisyourconcernifyouwanttoinitiateatransactiononline?3)CanyoudescribetheapplicationflowofB2Cmodel?4)WhatistheapplicationflowofB2Bmodeltoyou?5)Whatarethenecessarymeasurestoensureinternetsafetyandprivacy?GivetheChineseequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:3.3.2Translationpractice1)SSLencryption2)server-centric3)orderenquiry4)maintenancecosts5)shopfrontmanagementsystem6)verification7)improveefficiency8)reducecosts9)consumerprivacy10)governmentregulationSSL加密（技術）以服務器為中心的訂單咨詢

維修費用店面管理系統(tǒng)

認證

提高效率

減低成本消費者隱私

政府監(jiān)管GivetheEnglishequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:3.3.2Translationpractice1)售后服務2)客戶數(shù)據(jù)庫3)訂貨管理系統(tǒng)4)物流管理5)在線支付6)服務質量保證7)供貨商8)在線購物9)網(wǎng)絡名錄10)安全性和可靠性

after-saleservicecustomerdatabaseordermanagementsystemlogisticsmanagementonlinepaymentguaranteedqualityofservice

vendoronlineshoppingonlinecataloguesecurityandreliabilitySentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

3.3.2Translationpractice1)Consumersfinditverydifficulttobelievethattheirfinancialinformationwillbesafelytransmittedbetweenthemselvesandamerchant.消費者很難相信他們的財務資料能被安全地通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)送達商戶。2)Itwillrequiretheuseofdigitalsignaturesandencryptiontoensuresecurity.這需要使用數(shù)字簽名和加密技術來確保安全。

3)Electroniccommerceraiseissuesofsecurity,consumerprivacy,andgovernmentregulation.電子商務在安全，個人隱私和政府監(jiān)管方面都產(chǎn)生了新問題。

SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

3.3.2Translationpractice4)TheE-commerceapplicationmustbescalabletoallowe-commerceapplicationstohandlethehighlyvariableandunpredictableloadsintoday'sWebenvironment電子商務應用適應范圍應較廣，以滿足在當今的網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境下處理多變及不可預料的工作需求。

5)Electroniccommercecouldleadtoimprovementsinbothdevelopednationsanddevelopingnations.發(fā)達國家與發(fā)展中國家都能從電子商務中受益。

SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish.3.3.2Translationpractice1)消費者足不出戶，就能支付賬單，開立賬戶并且清點股票。(opennewaccounts)

Withoutleavinghome,consumerscanpaybills,opennewaccountsandcheckstocks.2)電子商務能讓公司降低廣告、裝運費用及設計和生產(chǎn)的成本。(allow…toreduce)Electroniccommerceallowscompaniestoreduceadvertisingcosts,deliverycostsanddesignandmanufacturingcosts.SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish

3.3.2Translationpractice4)我們可以利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)采集各種各樣的商品信息。(leverage)WecanleveragetheInternettocollectvariousproductinformation.5)你把這根電線和電視機連上好嗎？(connect)Willyouconnectthiswiretothetelevision?End3)他之所以取得成功是他努力的結果。(achievesuccess)Heachievedsuccessbecausehewasahardworker.注釋與翻譯板DistinguishingFeaturesofE-Commerce

PassageBE-commercehasseveralbenefitsoverthenormalmanualtrade.AsthereachofInternetisvast,theMerchantcansellgoodstoalargernumberofpeople.Moreover,amerchantcanreachacustomerwhoisphysicallytoofaraway.Thecustomer,ontheotherhand,canbuysomethingfromamerchantwhowouldotherwisenothavebeenaccessibletohim.Hehasgotawiderchoice.Moreover,unnecessarydelaysthatareinvolvedinconductingatradelikemovingtotheplacewheretradeisconductedcanbecutshort.Thisalsoreducestheoverheadcostsincertaincases.Takethecaseofanormalauction.Youhavetopayforthepersonconductingtheauctionandtheplacewheretheauctionisbeingheld.Ashereisusedasaconjunction,introducinganadverbialclause.Thewordreachhereisanoun,usedasthesubject,meaningrangeorscopeofinfluenceoreffect.影響力產(chǎn)生影響或效果的范圍或領域(Plscomparethereachinthenextsentence,whichmeanstocontact.)拍賣Theoperatingexpensesofabusiness,includingthecostsofrent,utilities,interiordecoration,andtaxes,exclusiveoflaborandmaterials.

管理費用，經(jīng)常費用企業(yè)的管理費用，包括租金、設備、內部裝修及繳稅等的花銷，但不包括工資和購買原料的費用第二頁PassageB注釋與翻譯板參考譯文

人們一般不會愿意將有關財務方面的信息提交給互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，除非他們確信信息不會被未授權者獲得。

4注解：beaccessed意思是“被獲取”；過去分詞短語notauthorizedtogettheinformation修飾someone。However,iftheauctionisconductedontheInternet,youjusthavetopayforthewebapplicationconductingtheauction,whichingeneralwillbetoocheapormightevencomeforfree.Theotheradvantagetothecustomerisround-the-clockavailabilityofgoods/services.Thedemandsofcustomerscanbemetatawkwardhoursforthereisnopersonneededtoconductthetrade.Thesellercanhaveawebapplicationsellinghisgoods.However,therearecertainproblemsrelatedtoE-commercethathasgreatlystalledtheprogressofE-commerce.Themostobviousofthesearethoserelatedtosecurityandprivacy.Peoplewon'tliketogiveinformationovertheInternetrelatedtofinanceunlesstheyareverysurethattheinformationcannotbeaccessedbysomeonenotauthorizedtogettheinformation.

1alldayandallnightwithoutstopping全天候的stop;haltPassageB課文學習完畢

注釋與翻譯板參考譯文4注解：注意anyuniversallyaccepted屬于過去分詞短語，用作定語，直接放在其修飾的對象solution的前面。

然而，即使到那時，對于那些能夠支付昂貴的軟件安裝費用來解決他們個別的問題的商家而言，安全解決方案仍會受到制約。4注解：主語this指前面所提到的solution；remainrestricted意為“仍然受制約”；定語從句thataremadetosolvetheirindividualproblem修飾先行詞protocols。

Anumberofsolutionsarebeingproposedtotakecareofalltheseproblems.Thoughnoneofthemcanbeappliedtoeverysituation,E-commerceissurelycatchingup.Giventhebenefitsitprovides,therelatedproblemsmustbesolved(inacheapandefficientmanner).Thereisnowayout.However,tillthenthiswillremainrestrictedtothemerchantswhocanaffordtopayforinstallationofcostlyprotocolsthataremadetosolvetheirindividualproblem.Moneytransactionhastobedonesecurely.Moreover,sometransactionsdemandanonymityofthecustomer.Alltheseissuesareverycomplicatedandtherehasnotyetbeenanyuniversallyacceptedsolutiontoit.TheotherreasonforpeoplebeingwaryofE-commerceisthatthelegalframeworkforE-commerceisnotproperlydefined.

123假如電子商務有利可圖，那么相關問題就必須（以低廉而有效的方式）得到解決。4注解：Given假設的，假使的。例如：△Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaiMondayevening.假如天氣好，我們的船將于星期一晚上到達上海?！鱅'dcomeandseeyouinNewYork,giventhechance.如果有機會,我就到紐約來看你。所有這些問題都非常復雜，而且也還沒有得到普遍認可的解決方案。

Thequalityorstateofbeingunknownorunacknowledged.匿名Tospecifydistinctly;Todescribethenatureorbasicqualitiesof;explain規(guī)定;解釋3.6.1Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsare(T)orfalse(F)3.6Activities@ActivitiesOnPassageB1ConsumersneedtoknowtheirfinancialinformationsecuredbeforetheyarereadytosendoutrelateddataovertheInternet.2Asolutiontothesecurityissueiswidelyacceptedbypeople.3ThelegalframeworkofE-commerceisstillincomplete.4BothmanufacturerandconsumerfindthemselvesawiderchoicebyusingE-commerce.5CustomercanobtaingoodsorservicesthroughInternetatanytime.TFTTT3.6.2MatchtheEnglishontherightwithChineseontheleft1authorizedA隱私和安全2auctionB法律框架

3privacyandsecurityC匿名4legalframeworkD被授權

5anonymityE拍賣EndBasicRequirementsFortheLettersofCommerce@BasicE-commerceWriting3.7.1Well-expressedandclearlanguage明確而清晰的語言Whenyouwriteabusinessletter,youmusttrytosetdownyouraim.Askyourself,whyamIwriting?AndwhatdoIwanttoachieve?Thecleareryouareinyourownmindaboutwhatyouwanttoachieve,thebetteryourletter.Bydoingthis,youhavetolearntopresentthemostrelevantinformationforyourreaders'needs.

3.7.2Helpfulandfriendlywriting有益和善的寫作Whenyouwriteabusinessletter,it’sveryimportanttouseatonethatisfriendlyandefficient.Trytogiveapersonalandhumanfeeltoyourwriting,andtrytomakewritingmuchmorereadablesuchasusingI,we,you,your,my,andourinyourwriting.Thisisausefultricktomakewritinglookandsoundmorelikeface-to-facetalk.3.7.3Writeyourbusinessletterinplainlanguage簡明扼要的語言Yourbusinesslettermaybeimpressingbecauseyouhaveorganizedthecontenttoappealtothereader'sneeds;youneedtouseprofessionaleditingtechniquestomakesureyouwriteclearlyandconcisely.Don'tstrainyourreader'sconcentrationwithlongsentences.3.7.4Useactiveverbs使用生動的動詞Trytowritethesentencewithstrong,activeverbs.Thiswillpresentyouasactive,andgiveasensethatthewriterisincontrolandisdynamicallyinvolvedwiththesubjectbeingdiscussed.3.7.5Positiveandseriousattitude積極認真的態(tài)度Thequalityofpositivenesswouldgiveyourwritingmuchmoreimpactandisacommontechniqueinmarketingandadvertisingmaterial.Marketingpeopleusethistechniquetoputinformationacrossclearlyandtogivetheirwritingimpact.

Keepingyourletterseriouscanavoidsuspicion,evenwithsomeoneyouknowwell,itisbettertowritestraightforwardlyonthesubject.3.7.6Establishingnecessarybusinessrelations建立必要的商務關系Establishingbusinessrelationsisthefirststepinatransactionforeigntrade.Italwaysincludestheself-introduction,initialintentionsanddesires.Thisshouldbeabrief,friendlyletter.Itshouldnotimplythatyourreaderhasanobligationtomeetwiththecontact,butitdoesshowyourinterestandconsideration.Yourreadermustretaintheoptionofactingonthisinformationbasedonhisorherownneedsanddesires.Thisisnotaletterofreference,soincludeonlyinformationrelevanttotheoccasion.Forexample:3.7.7Sample1

DearSirsLearningfromtheCommercialCounselor’sOfficeofourEmbassyinyourcountrythatyouareoneoftheleadingimportersofcannedfoodstuffs,wehavethepleasureofintroducingourselvestoyouasastatecorporationspecializingintheexportofcannedgoods,andexpressourdesiretoenterintobusinessrelationswithyou.Inordertogiveyouageneralideaofourcannedgoods,wearesendingyoubyseparateairmailacopyofourlatestcatalogue.Quotationsandsampleswillbesenttoyouuponreceiptofyourspecificenquiries.Wearelookingforwardwithinteresttohearingfromyou.YoursfaithfullyDearSirsWewishtoappointanexclusiveagentforourTextbookDivisioninthefollowingterritories:…wouldyoubeinterestedintakingthisagency?Wewishstocktobeheldlocallyandwouldpreferanoutrightpurchaseagreement,butwouldconsiderconsignmentterms.Weenclosepreliminaryinformationabouttheproductdivisioninquestion.Weprovidedetailedsupportforouragencies,includingregularadvanceproductinformationandsharedpromotionalmaterial.Ifyouareinterested,couldyoukindlysendusyourproposalsforhandlingthisproductline,coveringthefollowingmatters:Othercompaniesrepresented;Commercialandfinancialreferences;Summaryofmarketconditionsfortheproductline;Yourorganization,localcoverageandpromotionalactivities;Three-yearsalesoutlookforourproducts;Yoursuggestedtermsofagreement.Welookforwardtohearingfromyouandtodiscussingpossibletermsinmoredetail.Withbestwished.Yourstruly

Encl.:resume3.7.9WritingPractice

1)WritealettertoMessrs.Zhang&Co.withthefollowingparticulars:

End4Yourcompanyestablishedin1950,4Yourcompanyhasbeenexpandingbusinessoperationsaroundtheworldasaleadingexporterandimport

ofbusinessmachines.4Yourlineofbusinessincludes:copyingmachines,typewriter,calculators,printing,etc.4Youwishtohavetheco-operationforeachother.參考答案OutlookExpress&RelatedReadingMicrosoftOutlookExpressputstheworldofonlinecommunicationonyourdesktop.Whetheryouwanttoexchangee-mailwithcolleaguesandfriendsorjoinnewsgroupstotradeideasandinformation,herearewhatyouareenabledtodowithit.1.Ifyouhaveseverale-mailornewsgroupaccounts,youcanworkwithallofthemwithinonewindow.Youcanalsocreatemultipleusers,oridentities,forthesamecomputer.Eachidentityhasuniquee-mailfoldersandanindividualAddressBook.Multipleidentitiesmakeiteasyforyoutokeepworke-mailseparatefrompersonale-mail,andalsotokeepindividualusers'e-mailseparated.2.Usingthemessagelistandpreviewpane,youcanviewalistofmessagesandreadindividualmessagesatthesametime.TheFolderslistcontainse-mailfolders,newsservers,andnewsgroups,andyoucaneasilyswitchamongthem.Youcanalsocreatenewfolderstoorganizeandsortmessages,andthensetupmessagerulessothatincominge-mailthatmeetsyourcriteriaautomaticallygoestoaspecificfolder.Youcanalsocreateyourownviewstocustomizethewayyoulookatyoure-mail.4.YoucansavenamesandaddressesintheAddressBookautomaticallybysimplyreplyingtoamessage.Youcanalsoimportnamesandaddressesfromotherprograms,typethemintotheAddressBook,addthemfrome-mailmessagesyoureceive,oraddthemfromasearchofpopularInternetdirectoryservices(whitepages).TheAddressBooksupportsLightweightDirectoryAccessProtocol(LDAP)forviewingInternetdirectoryservices.3.IfyourInternetserviceprovider(ISP)usesanInternetmessageaccessprotocol(IMAP)e-mailserverforincominge-mail,youcanread,store,andorganizeyourmessagesinfoldersontheserverwithoutdownloadingthemessagestoyourcomputer.Thatway,youcanviewmessagesfromanycomputerthatcanconnecttothatserver5.Youcaninsertessentialinformationintooutgoingmessagesaspartofyourpersonalsignature,andyoucancreatemultiplesignaturestousefordifferentpurposes.Youcanalsoincludeabusinesscardwithmoredetailedinformation.Tomakeyourmessageslookmoreattractive,youcanaddstationerypatternsandbackgrounds,andyoucanchangethecol