大學(xué)英語精讀第三冊unit 5

UnitFiveTheVillainintheAtmosphereBackgroundInformationWhatisthe“greenhouseeffect”?Whatarethecausesof“greenhouseeffect”?3.Whataretheinfluencesof“greenhouseeffect”?4.Whatcanwedotosolvethisglobalcrisis?Whoonearthisthevillainthatcausesglobalwarming?ThegreenhouseeffectistheriseintemperaturethattheEarthexperiencesbecausecertaingasesintheatmosphere(watervapor,carbondioxide,nitrousoxide,andmethane,forexample)trapenergyfromthesun.Withoutthesegases,heatwouldescapebackintospaceandEarth’saveragetemperaturewouldbeabout60oFcolder.Becauseofhowtheywarmourworld,thesegasesarereferredtoasgreenhousegases.SunlightenterstheEarth‘satmosphere,passingthroughtheblanketofgreenhousegases.AsitreachestheEarth’ssurface,land,water,andbiosphere（生物圈）absorbthesunlight’senergy.Onceabsorbed,thisenergyissentbackintotheatmosphere.Someoftheenergypassesbackintospace,butmuchofitremainstrappedintheatmospherebythegreenhousegases,causingourworldtoheatup.Thegreenhouseeffectisimportant.Withoutthegreenhouseeffect,theEarthwouldnotbewarmenoughforhumanstolive.Butifthegreenhouseeffectbecomesstronger,itcouldmaketheEarthwarmerthanusual.Evenalittleextrawarmingmaycauseproblemsforhumans,plants,andanimals.GlobalListeningandQuestionsNewWordsandExpressionpoisonousa.有毒的;惡意的Thismedicineispoisonousiftakeninlargequantities.Hegaveherapoisonouslook.poisonn.毒藥,毒物Poisonispoisonthoughitcomesinagoldencup.poisonv.施毒，放毒；毒殺，毒死hetriedtopoisonhiswife.essentialadj.絕對必要的;非常重要的；本質(zhì)的,基本的Itisessentialforustoknowallthefacts.Thereareessentialdifferencesbetweenthetwo.

beessentialto

必不可少的，非常重要的essentialn.要素,要點；必需品Weonlyhavetimetopackafewessentials.ThebookdealswiththeessentialsofEnglishgrammar.

convertv.convertinto1.(使)轉(zhuǎn)變,(使)轉(zhuǎn)化Convertwaterintoice.將水變成冰Thecityisconvertingoldindustrialspacesintoschools.2.使皈依;使改變信仰ThepriestconvertedmanynativesintoChristianity.3.兌換(證券、貨幣等）IwanttoconvertseveralthousanddollarsintoRMB.apparentlyadv.顯然地;表面上,似乎Hewasapparentlymuchsurprisedatthenews.Apparentlyshedidnotsucceed.apparenta.顯然的,明白的;表面上的Hisguiltisapparenttoall.Theapparenttruthwasreallyalie.starvationn.挨餓；餓死Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwereclosetostarvation.Theanimalshaddiedofstarvation.starvev.餓死;使饑餓Becausethereisnofood,thepeoplearestarving.Theytriedtostarvethearmyintosurrender.collapsev.倒塌；塌陷;徹底失敗;崩潰,瓦解Thecompanycollapsedinitsfirstyearoftrading.Theirprojectcollapsedforlackofmoney.

collapsen.倒塌;崩潰;(健康等的)衰竭,垮掉

Thecollapseofthebuildingcausednocasualties.Thecollapseofhishealthwasbroughtonbyundernourishment.

visiblea.可見的，看得見的;明顯的Itseemstoservenovisibleuse.Theshorewasbarelyvisiblethroughthefog.visionn.視力，視覺visibilityn.可見性，能見性，明顯度Visibilitywasdownto25yards.distinctlyad.清晰地,無疑地,確實地IdistinctlyrememberJanesayingthattheshowstartedateight.Theroomlookeddistinctlyfamiliar.distincta.清晰的,明白的Itisdistinctthatsmokingisharmfultohealth.Theearth'sshadowonthemoonwasquitedistinct.

estimatev.估計;評價,評估/n.Thegardenerestimatedthatitwouldtakehimfourhourstoweedthegarden.Idon'tknowherwellenoughtoformanestimateofherabilities.replacev.代替，取代;把…放回原處Machinescannotreplacepeopleinthiswork.Hecarefullyreplacedthevaseontheshelf.

consumev.吃；喝；耗盡；消耗EachyearAmericansconsumeahighpercentageoftheworld'senergy.Americansconsumenearly50.billioncupsofteaannually.

consumern.消費者alternativen.選擇之一，可能性之一/a.兩者擇一的,供替代的shehadnoalternativebuttobreakthelaw.Wereturnedbythealternativeroad.

competev.競賽;競爭Some1000athletescompetedin20events.Tpetitionn.比賽,競爭Therewillbeachesscompetitionnextweek.

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed20-30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnaHarmoniousDormitoryLife.Youshouldwrite100-120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.宿舍生活有時會出現(xiàn)不和諧的情況;

2.一個和諧宿舍生活的必要性;

3.如何創(chuàng)造和諧的宿舍生活。DetailReadingoftheTextParagraph1-7atmospheren.

1.大氣2.(某特定場所的)空氣

Theatmosphereofthecityisverymuchpolluted.

3.氣氛Thetalkwasconductedinafriendlyatmosphere.

absorb吸收(液體,氣體,光,聲等)

Cottonshirtsabsorbsweat.使全神貫注;吸引(注意等

Theyoungmanwasabsorbedinthebook.

retreat(vt.)把...后撤;使后退;使往后移

Heretreatedhischairwithdisgust.

(vi.)撤退,退卻;退避,躲避(+from/to)

Iwillnotretreatfrommyduties.

Afteraweek'sworkIliketoretreattothecountrytorelax.(n.)撤退Thearmy'sretreatwasorderly.

Paragraph8-13tendto有...的傾向,趨向Modernfurnituredesigntendstosimplicity.

Theytendtodobadlyinschoolcreepv.躡手躡腳地行走,漸漸出現(xiàn)Hecreptdownstairs,hardlymakinganynoise.Oldagecreepsuponyoubeforeyourealizeit.acreepingplant正在蔓延的植物Paragraph14-18atagoodrateatarapidlyincreasingrateatarateofatanequalratepourinto傾倒，大量涌入Travelerspouredintothetrainstation.addto增加，增進Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulties.add…to把…加到…里Pleaseaddsomemilktothecoffee.addup把…加起來Pleaseaddupallthefigures.addupto總計是Thefiguresaddedupto450.Paragraph19-22involvevt.使卷入,連累;牽涉

Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel!2.包含著,意味著

Hisworkinvolvesoccasionaljourneys.3.使專注,使忙于

Hewasinvolvedinwritinghisdoctoraldissertation.

對比用語：ononehand,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary/contraryto...,though,foronething;foranother,nevertheless遞進用語：even,besides,what’smore,asfor,so…that…,worsestill,moreover,furthermore;inaddition,tomakemattersworseThehouseistoosmallforafamilyoffour,andfurthermore/besides/what’smore/moreover/inaddition/worsestill,itisinabadlocation.例證用語：inone’sopinion,thatistosay,forexample,forinstance,asamatteroffact,infact,namely強調(diào)用語：especially,indeed,atleast,atthemost,onearth..,notatall因果用語：thanksto,because,asaresult,becauseof/asaresultof,without,withthehelpof...,owe...