初二英語(yǔ)寒假預(yù)習(xí)課件

淮安外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校初二英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)

8AUnit6

Naturaldisasters

預(yù)習(xí)課件詞匯識(shí)記1.nature(形容詞)2.mop(過(guò)去式)3.shake(名詞)4.trap(過(guò)去式)5.dead(反義詞)6.wind(形容詞)7.fog(形容詞)8.loud(副詞)9.drop(過(guò)去式)10.arrive(名詞)11.fireman(復(fù)數(shù))12.frighten(形容詞)

13.hear(過(guò)去式)14.frost(形容詞)

15.save(形容詞)

16.call(名詞)17.break(過(guò)去式)18.fall(過(guò)去式)19.snow(形容詞)

20.cloud(形容詞)

21.sun(形容詞)

22.rain(形容詞)

naturalmoppedshakingtrappedalivewindyfoggyloudlydroppedarrivalfiremenfrightenedheardfrostysafecallerbrokefellsnowycloudysunnyrainy1.自然災(zāi)害 2.用拖把拖干凈3.成千上萬(wàn)的人 4.一場(chǎng)汽車事故5.撞毀 6.把村莊沖走7.引起一場(chǎng)大火 8.從樹(shù)上掉下來(lái)9.感到有點(diǎn)顫動(dòng)10.聽(tīng)到像雷一樣的聲音

naturaldisastersmopupthousandsofpeopleacaraccidentcrashintowashthevillagesawaystartabigfirefallfromthetreefeelaslightshakinghearabignoiselikethunder11.害怕12.開(kāi)始晃動(dòng)13.四處亂跑14.盡某人的努力做某事15.瘋狂地跑16.掉下 17.鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)18.被困 19.自言自語(yǔ)20.大聲喊救命infearstarttoshakeruninalldirectionstryone’sbesttodosthrunwildlyfalldowncalmdownbetrappedsaytooneselfscreamforhelp21.活著22.一包巧克力 23.急匆匆做某事24.最后25.移開(kāi)26.在地震中幸免于難27.降至零下3度28.計(jì)劃去唐山旅行29.拋錨30.聽(tīng)到從我上面?zhèn)鱽?lái)的聲音

stayalive apacketofchocolateinagreathurrytodosth.atlastmoveawaysurvivetheearthquakedropto-3℃planatriptoTangshanbreakdownhearsomenoiseaboveme31.覆蓋整個(gè)地面32.感到又冷又害怕33.報(bào)警34.給我發(fā)電子郵件35.持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間36.著火37.向前跌倒 38.第二天早晨39.把雪清除 40.給當(dāng)?shù)氐娜朔职l(fā)食物和飲用水

coverthewholeroadfeelcoldandfrightenedcallthepolicee-mailmelastlongcatchfirefalloverthenextmorningremovethesnowgiveoutfoodanddrinkingwatertothelocalpeople1.Naturaldisasters natural一般用作形容詞，意為“自然界的；天然的；自然的”，其名詞形式為nature，意為：“自然，自然界”，副詞形式為naturally，意為“自然地，天然地”，例句：Canyoufeelthebeautyofnature.你能感受自然地美嗎?It'snaturalforachildtolovehismother.孩子愛(ài)母親是常情。Naturally,Iwanttogowithyou.當(dāng)然，我想跟你一起去。2.accidentaccident是名詞，意為“事故”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是accidents.如：Therewasacaraccidentlastnight.byaccident偶然Ionlyfounditbyaccident.我只是碰巧找到的。3.Afloodwashedthevillageawaywash是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“洗，洗滌，沖掉”等，washsthoff洗掉；washawaysth把...沖走Thefioodwashedawayhersonlastmonth.洪水上個(gè)月把她的兒子沖走了。4.Acarcrashedintoatreelastnight.此處crash為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)出猛烈聲音的”碰撞；（飛機(jī)等）墜毀，撞毀。crashinto意為“撞上”。如：Aplanecrashedyesterday.Thecarcrashedintothewalljustnow.crash也可以用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“撞擊；砸碎”等。如：Hecrashedthemodelplaneangrilyontheground.他氣憤的將飛機(jī)模型摔在地上make/light/startafire生火；點(diǎn)火putoutafire滅火playwithfire玩火fightthefire救火6.Ayoungboyfellfromatreeandhurthislegs.fallfrom......意為“從.......跌落”。如：Hefellfromthetreeandhurthimself.他從樹(shù)上摔了下來(lái)受了傷。由fall構(gòu)成的常見(jiàn)詞組還有：falldownfrom=falloff從.....上摔下來(lái)5.Lighteningstartedabigfireinahouse.fire作“火，炮火，火力”講時(shí)長(zhǎng)作為不可數(shù)名詞；但它也可作可數(shù)名詞，表示“爐火；篝火；火災(zāi)”等；還可以做動(dòng)詞，意為“開(kāi)火，解雇，開(kāi)除”等。如：Itisdangeroustoplaywithfire.玩火很危險(xiǎn)。Hewasfiredlastyear.他去年被開(kāi)除了。由fire構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：catchfire著火（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）beonfire著火（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）7.It'sraining.①rain動(dòng)詞，意為“下雨，降雨”。Itrainedhard(heavily)yesterday.昨天雨下的很大。②rain還可以作為名詞，意為“雨，雨水”。如：Look,manychildrenareplayingintherain.看，許多小孩在雨中玩耍。③rain的形容詞形式為rainy，意為“有魚(yú)的，下雨的”It'sarainydaytoday.今天有雨。NounsAdjectives

sunsunny

windwindy

rainrainy

snowsnowy

NounsAdjectivescloudfogfroststorm

表天氣的名詞+y(雙寫(xiě)

+y）

形容詞cloudystormyfrostyfoggyNoun+yAdjective8.Who'sgoingtomopallthewaterupifyoudon'tcomewithme?mop是動(dòng)詞，意為“用拖把拖洗”，mop還可表示“擦；抹”。mopup意為“用拖把拖干凈”，屬于“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，人稱代詞作其賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須放在兩者中間。如：Youshouldmopthetablebeforeandaftermeals.你應(yīng)該在飯前飯后擦一下桌子。Thereissomewateronthetable,pleasemopitup.桌子上有一些水，請(qǐng)把它擦干凈。9.Atfirst,Ifeltaslightshakingthroughmybody.①atfirst意為“起初，原先”，其反義短語(yǔ)為atlast或intheend，意為“最后，終于”。如：Theyplayedhappilyatfirst,butitrainedlater.開(kāi)始，他們玩的很高興，但后來(lái)下雨了。②shaking為名詞，意為“搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)”為不可數(shù)名詞。如：Canyoufeeltheshakingoftheground?你能感受到地的震動(dòng)嗎？③shaking的動(dòng)詞形式為shake，過(guò)去式為shook.10.Somepeoplescreamedbecausetheywereveryfrightened.①scream在句子作動(dòng)詞，意為“尖叫”。我們所學(xué)的含有“大聲叫，喊”之意的詞還有：cry和shout。cry含有感情色彩，shout表示大聲的喊叫，而scream則強(qiáng)調(diào)由于恐懼，痛苦而發(fā)出的尖叫。如：Hescreamedforhelp.他尖叫救命。②frightened是形容詞，意為“受驚嚇的"，修飾人；frightening意為”令人恐懼的“，修飾物。其動(dòng)詞形式為frighten,意為”使.....驚恐；嚇唬“11."Iamtrapped",Isaidtomyself.trap用作動(dòng)詞，意為“誘捕；誘騙；陷入困境”；用作名詞，意為“陷阱，全套”。betrapped是一種被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“被困”如：Hunterstrappedthefox.獵人誘捕了這只狐貍。Afoxdroppedintothetrap.一只狐貍掉進(jìn)了陷阱。Theyweretrappedintheroom.他們被困在了房間里。12.Astormhitthecityearlythismorning.①hit是動(dòng)詞，在句中意為“襲擊，使.....遭受”。如：AtyphoonhitTaiwanlastnight.昨晚，一場(chǎng)臺(tái)風(fēng)襲擊了臺(tái)灣。②hit也可意為“打；擊；擊中”，但在表達(dá)“擊中”或“打了”某人某個(gè)部位時(shí)，用主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+sb+介詞+the+身體部位”，常用的介詞有on,in等。在比較柔軟的部位，如：臉，肚子等，用in；在較硬的部位，如：頭，鼻子，背等，用on。如：Shehithimintheface.她扇了他一耳光Johnhithimonthehead.約翰打了他的頭。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。這一特點(diǎn)的過(guò)去時(shí)，除了有上下文暗示以外，一般用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表示。Hewasmendinghisbikeatteno’clockyesterday.Iwasdrawingahorsewhentheteachercamein.--Whenwereyoudoingthistime

yesterday?--Wewereworkinginclass.Whileshewastryingtopassatruckbeforeher,shesaw

anothercarcoming.如：Marywrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.Mary昨晚給她的朋友寫(xiě)了封信。（信寫(xiě)完了）Marywaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.Mary昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫(xiě)信。（信不一定寫(xiě)完）連詞while與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)?當(dāng)兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)，我們可以在兩個(gè)句子中都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，并用while連接。?當(dāng)while用在句首時(shí)，兩個(gè)句子應(yīng)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Pastcontinuoustensewith‘while’and‘when’8BUnit1

PastandPresent

預(yù)習(xí)課件cheapeasylikegoodhappyhighhotnewsamelongslowpossiblepoliteregularpleasantluckykindhonesthealthycorrectexpensivedifficultdislike/unlikebadsadlowcoldolddifferentshortfast/quickimpossibleimpoliteirregularunpleasantunluckyunkinddishonestunhealthyincorrect詞匯識(shí)記1.pollute(名詞)2.south(形容詞)3.change(復(fù)數(shù))4.tour（名詞）5.beautiful(名詞)6.please(形容詞)7.easy(比較級(jí))9.recent(副詞)10.bring(過(guò)去分詞)11.cheap(反義詞)12.nature(形容詞)13.easy(反義詞)14.luck(形容詞)15.wife(復(fù)數(shù))pollutionsouthernchangestouristbeautypleased,pleasanteasier

recentlybroughtexpensivenaturaldifficult,hardluckywivesnot…anymoreknow…wellsincethen

inthesouthernpartoftown

getmarried

overtheyearschangealotturn…into

playChinesechess

waterpollutionmuchcleaner

insomeways

aseriousproblemopenspacefromtimetotimemovehouse

不再很了解自打那時(shí)起在鎮(zhèn)的南部結(jié)婚這些年變化很大變……為……

下象棋水污染干凈多了在某種程度上一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題開(kāi)闊的空間時(shí)不時(shí)搬家asoftenasbefore

overthepastcentury

thechangesinNanjing

hearabout/of

inthepast

beinservice/usechangealottraveltotown

usedtodo

moveinto/outof/awayhavetimetorelaxmore

bringmanyadvantages

causemanyproblems

agoodplacetogo/touristattractionhavethesamefeeling17.

像以前一樣頻繁18.在過(guò)去的一百年中19.南京的變化20.聽(tīng)說(shuō)21.在過(guò)去22.運(yùn)營(yíng)/使用/服務(wù)中23.變化很大25.去鎮(zhèn)上旅游26.過(guò)去常做27.搬進(jìn)/出/走28.有時(shí)間多休息29.帶來(lái)許多好處30.引發(fā)許多問(wèn)題31.游客向往的地方32.有相同的感受changen./v.changealotthechangestoHuaian__________________overtheyears.There__________________________Yanchengovertheyears.Greatchanges_______________inYanchengovertheyears.haschangedalothavebeengreatchangesin/tohavetakenplace

getmarried結(jié)婚be/getmarriedtoSb.marrySb.和某人結(jié)婚Tom________Maryin1965.Mary_____________________Tomin1965.TomandMary___________in1965.marriedgotmarriedwas/gotmarriedto

usedtodosth過(guò)去常常做某事

1.我父親過(guò)去是個(gè)老師.

Myfather_____________ateacher.

2.我曾經(jīng)在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí).

I____________inthisschool.usesthtodosth用某物做某事beusedtodo/fordoingsth被用來(lái)做某事beusedassth被用為某物beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事usedtobeusedtostudyHefeelslonely

.Hefeelslonely

.Hespent

doinghishomework.Wewillvisitthere

nextweek.

fromtimetotime＝sometimessometimesometimefromtimetotimesometimessometimesometime一段時(shí)間某一時(shí)候有時(shí)feelabitlonely感到有點(diǎn)兒寂寞alone單獨(dú),一個(gè)人(用作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))lonely孤獨(dú)的,寂寞的,偏僻的(作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ))eg.1.他一個(gè)人單獨(dú)居住,但從不感到寂寞.Helives_____,butheneverfeel_____.2.他一個(gè)人住在偏僻的山村里.

He________________________.alonelonelylivesaloneinalonelyvillageabit/alittle+adj.(adv.)abitof/alittle+不可數(shù)名詞Heknows_________________French.他懂得一點(diǎn)法語(yǔ)She’s____________afraidofherfather.abit/alittleabitof/alittleabitof/alittle/abit她有點(diǎn)/有一點(diǎn)害怕她的父親。haveaninterviewwithsb＝interviewsbInterviewn/vMyparents________________________myteacher.=Myparents_______________myteacherThereare_______________________somefamousfootballplayers.我父母已經(jīng)采訪了我的老師havehadaninterviewwithhaveinterviewedanumberofinterviewswith有很多采訪一些著名的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員定義1：

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的含義是表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的或已完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。特點(diǎn)是既涉及過(guò)去，又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在：動(dòng)作是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在存在的。

Shehasgone.(她走了。)

從這句話中動(dòng)詞所用的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可以看出“走”的動(dòng)作是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，而對(duì)現(xiàn)在所造成的結(jié)果是她不在這里了?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定義HespeaksFrenchsofluently.HelearneditinParis.Hewastherefortwoyears.

HehasstudiedFrench.

(他學(xué)過(guò)法語(yǔ)。)

這句話所說(shuō)明的結(jié)果是他現(xiàn)在懂法語(yǔ)。Look!Theblackboardissocleannow.

Hehascleanedtheblackboard.

(他已經(jīng)擦過(guò)黑板了。)

這句話所表示的結(jié)果是黑板現(xiàn)在是干凈的。定義2：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)還表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至將來(lái)。Mikeborrowedthebookstwodaysago.Mikehaskeptthebooksfortwodays.二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成

1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句句型

主語(yǔ)（第一、二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù))+have

主語(yǔ)（第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)）+have

+過(guò)去分詞

主語(yǔ)（第三人稱單數(shù)）+has

2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句句型主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+……

Ihavenotseenthemovieyet.Hehasn’tbeentoBeijingsincethen

WehavelivedinBeijing.HehaslivedinBeijing.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型

Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+….

Haveyoufinishedthework?Hasshearrivedhere?4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+…….

HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentotheGreatWal