2022北京育英學(xué)校高二（上）期末英語（教師版）

2022北京育英學(xué)校高二（上）期末英語（本試卷共8頁，滿分100分，考試時(shí)長90分鐘。）第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。OutsideourhotelinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam,aseeminglyancientwomanwaitedbesidethedoorwithherhandoutstretched（伸出）.EverydayIputmyhandinhersasoureyesmet.Shenever1toreturnmysmile,mygrasp,andmygreeting.Onthelastdayofourvisit,Ifoundmyself2onabusycomeracrossthestreetfromourhotel.Bicyclesandmotorbikesrushedinfrontofme.Wehadbeenadvisedtowalkstraightthroughtheheavytrafficwithoutlookingrightorleft.Letthem3us.ButtonightIwasbymyselfandfelt4tofacethestreamofvehicles.AsIhesitatedonthesidewalk,Ifeltahandonmyelbowandlookeddowntoseethesmileofmysmallbeggarfriendlookingupatme.Shenoddedherheadtowardthestreet,indicatingthatshewouldtakemeacross.Together,wemovedslowlyintothechaos.Thenwcmovedontowardsthesidewalk,whereshepulledmyfacedowntohers,kissedmeonbothchecks,andthenwalkedaway,stillsmilingandwavingbacktome.Ihadnotgivenherasinglecoin.Wehad5somethingvastlymoreimportant—awanningofheartsinfriendship.Travelinginpoorernations,Ihavewitnessedavarietyofwaystodealwithbeggars.Themostcommonresponseoftouristsfacedwiththoseextremelypoorpeopleistoignorethemandfbcustheireyeselsewhere.Ihaveseenpeoplepushawayanoutstretchedhandin6.Afewmayhurriedlydropafewcoins,andthenmakeaquickgetawayinhopesthatanother20raggedbeggarswon,timmediatelyappearonthe7.Formanyreasons,givingmoneyisnotthebestresponsetoanoutstretchedhand.Thegreatestgiftistimeandrespect.Tolookbeggarsintheeyeandsmile,thusacknowledgingtheirexistence,isasmallthing.Puttingyourhandintoanother'soutstretchedhandandgraspingit8fbramomentisalsoasmallthing.Buttheseareimportant.Everyoneneeds9、tobeseenasworthyofbeing10,tofeelappreciatedandloved.AndIbelievethateveryoneisworthyandworthknowing.1.A.attemptedB.wantedC.managedD.failed2.A.freeB.aloneC.lostD.exposed3.A.avoidB.stopC.leadD.direct4.A.unwillingB.inadequateC.inappropriateD.unfit5.A.earnedB.sharedC.expectedD.undertaken6.A.anxietyB.desperationC.annoyanceD.sadness7.A.streetB.comerC.wayD.scene8.A.firmlyB.casuallyC.cautiouslyD.eagerly參考答案第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.B5.B6.C7.D8.A9.C10.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在越南遇到的一個(gè)女乞丐，在對女乞丐給予施舍的同時(shí)，乞丐也回饋?zhàn)髡叩膸椭?。讓作者感到每個(gè)人都需要認(rèn)可，需要被了解，需要被欣賞和被愛。作者也相信每個(gè)人都有價(jià)值，值得了解?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她總是回應(yīng)我的微笑、握手和問候。A.attempted試圖，嘗試；B.wanted想要；Cmanaged設(shè)法，努力做;D.failed失敗、未能。根據(jù)上文“EverydayIputmyhandinhersasoureyesmet.”（每天，當(dāng)我們的目光相遇時(shí)，我都會把手放在她的手中）可知，作者主動去招呼女人，以及下文女乞丐的友好可■知，她從來沒有不回應(yīng)作者的微笑、握手和問候。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們參觀的最后一天，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己獨(dú)自一人在酒店對面一個(gè)繁忙的街角。A.free免費(fèi)的，自由的;B.alone獨(dú)自的；C.lost迷失的；D.exposed暴露的。根據(jù)下文MtonightIwasbymyselfn可知，作者獨(dú)自一人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有人建議我們徑直穿過擁擠的車流，不要看左右。讓他們避開我們。A.avoid避開；B.stop阻止；C.lead帶領(lǐng)；D.direct引導(dǎo)。由上文解析“被告知在穿過擁擠的車流時(shí)不要看左右”，結(jié)合句意，“他們避開我們”，為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但今晚，我獨(dú)自一人，面對車流感到力不從心。A.unwilling不情愿的；B.inadequate信心不足的；不充分的；C.inappropriate不合適的;D.unfit不合適的。由"ButtonightIwasbymysclP可知今晚是作者一個(gè)人過馬路，結(jié)合句意可知，作者是感到力不從心了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們分享了更重要的東西一一友誼之心的溫暖。A.earned掙錢；B.shared分享；C.expected期望；D.undertaken進(jìn)行。根據(jù)上文“Ihadnotgivenherasinglecoin.”可知作者沒給她錢，結(jié)合句意分享了更重要的東西。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我見過有人惱怒地推開別人伸出的手。A.anxiety焦慮；B.desperation絕望；C.annoyance惱怒；D.sadness悲傷。根據(jù)上文wignorethemandfbcustheireyeselsewherev可知,人們忽視他們，對他們感到很厭煩。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后迅速走開，希望不會再出現(xiàn)另外20個(gè)衣衫襤褸的乞丐。A.street街道；B.comer拐角；C.way方式，方法；D.scene場景。由句意可知，onthescene"在現(xiàn)場”為固定短語。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：把你的手放在別人伸出的手里，緊緊地握一會兒，這也是小事。A.firmly牢固地；B.casually隨意地；C.cautiously小心地:D.eagerly熱切地。此處為副詞修飾動詞grasp。根據(jù)句意，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)意思應(yīng)為“緊緊地握著"，BCD與句意不符。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都需要認(rèn)可。A.motivation動機(jī)；B.encouragement鼓勵(lì)；C.recognitionU可；D.commitment承諾。根據(jù)上文“thusacknowledgingtheirexistence”可知，承認(rèn)他們的存在和認(rèn)可意思一致。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都需要認(rèn)可，需要被了解，需要被欣賞和被愛。A.liked喜歡；B.trusted信任；C.accepted接受；D.known了解。根據(jù)下文“worthknowing.”可知,每個(gè)人都值得被了解。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】ILhadcollectedwhich##thatwasencouragedwhat【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹美國著名游泳運(yùn)動員菲利普斯。[11題詳解】考查過去完成時(shí)。句意：到菲爾普斯31歲退役時(shí)，他已經(jīng)在奧運(yùn)會上獲得了23枚金牌，3枚銀牌和2枚銅牌，這一紀(jì)錄在未來很多年都不太可能被打破。該句是復(fù)合句，含Bythelime”到……時(shí)候”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句動作先于從句動作，所以用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadcollected?！?2題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：到菲爾普斯31歲退役時(shí)，他已經(jīng)在奧運(yùn)會上獲得了23枚金牌.，3枚銀牌和2枚銅牌，這一紀(jì)錄在未來很多年都不太可能被打破。此處arecord是先行詞，指物，后面的定語從句沒有主語，定語從句由關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that<.【13題詳解】考查?般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)和主謂?致。句意：菲爾普斯小時(shí)候患有多動癥，7歲時(shí)就被鼓勵(lì)去游泳以控制自己的精力。Phelps是句子主語，第三人稱單數(shù)形式，和謂語動詞encourage之間是被動關(guān)系，是一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故填wasencouraged?！?4題詳解】考杳賓語從句。句意：我試著去看我真正能做什么，我的潛力可以在哪里。動詞see后面是賓語從句，從句既缺少引導(dǎo)詞，其謂語動詞do缺少賓語，所填詞要其雙重作用，連接代詞what符合句意。故填what?！敬鸢浮?5.findingSo.'Therefbre/Thuseasily【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了在雨天很難打到出租車的原因。【15題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:但是在雨天,人們很難打到出租車。haveahardtime（in）doing表示“做……有困難”，故填finding。16題詳解】考查副詞/連詞。句意：因此，在雨天，乘坐出租車的人更多。根據(jù)句意可知“人們喜歡在雨天打車”與“在雨天，乘坐出租車的人更多”是因果關(guān)系，此處表示結(jié)果，故填So/Therefore/Thus?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意:此外，拉客的出租車也較少，因?yàn)楹芏喑鲎廛囁緳C(jī)賺夠了錢提前I可家了。修飾動詞reach用副詞，故填easily?！敬鸢浮?8.developedinfluentialto【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了儒家思想是由孔子在春秋時(shí)期發(fā)展起來的一套哲學(xué)和倫理體系以及它國內(nèi)外文化產(chǎn)生的影響?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：儒家思想是由孔子在春秋時(shí)期發(fā)展起來的一套哲學(xué)和倫理體系。分析句子可知，該空為非謂語動詞形式，又由develop和Confucianism為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，表被動。故填developed。19題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：儒家思想是一種哲學(xué)和倫理體系，它已成為中國文化的重要組成部分。此處修飾名詞part,應(yīng)用形容詞。故填influentialo【20題詳解】考查介詞。句意：世界各地的人們都可以在國外的孔子學(xué)院和中國文化中心接觸到儒家思想。固定短語haveaccessto”接近,獲得”。故填to。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。旨在通過介紹一些醫(yī)藥公司以便招募一些作醫(yī)藥研究的人?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題?？疾榇祟愵}型中的目的意圖。首段首句Someofourresearchprojectsrelyonthegenerosityofpeoplelikeyou.和尾句Watchthisspaceforwaysinwhichyoucouldgetinvolved.我們的一些研究項(xiàng)目需要你這樣大方的人來參與；看看適合你的空缺位置。下文最后一段也有說明recruiting,招募新人。說明此篇文章的目的意圖是為研究項(xiàng)目招募志愿者。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。審題得知關(guān)鍵詞是OVG的目的是?？啥ㄎ挥诖耍篛VGworkstowardsthegoalofdevelopingnewandimprovedvaccinesforthepreventionofinfectioninadultsandchildren,OVG目標(biāo)指向培育新的改進(jìn)了的疫苗以便阻止成人和小孩被感染。可知OVGZIDDDDDDDDDD。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。審題定位于此:TheOxfordInternetInstitute,togetherwiththeBusinessSchool,isrecruitingindividualstoparticipateincomputer-basedexperimentsinvolvingonlinesurfingbehavioraswellaseconomicandpoliticaldecision-making.這里關(guān)鍵詞信息是recruiting和participateincomputer-basedexperimentsQ□□□□□□□□□□□LQDODDDDDaDDQQDaDDaD。所以□故選C?！敬鸢浮?4.C25.B26.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己參加學(xué)生會主席競選演講的經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“IwishedIhadnevereventhoughtofthisstupidideaofrunningfbrstudentbodypresident.Thatwasamonthago,beforeIfoundoutthatIwouldhavetospeakinfrontoftheentireschool.“可知，作者之前沒想到參加競選還需要在全校面前發(fā)表演講，所以她感到自己當(dāng)初參加競選很傻。所以故為什么作者認(rèn)為參加選舉是愚蠢的是因?yàn)樗龥]有想到會有這么多觀眾。C項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的uItwouldonlybeafewhoursbeforetheembarrassingresultswouldcomeout,andthatwasn'teventheworstofmyworries.Whatwouldeveryonesay?WhatwouldmyparentsthinkwhenItoldthemthatIlosttheelection?Theyweresoproudofme;Iwouldneverbeabletotellthem.Everyonewascountingonme,myteachers,myfhends,eveniheprincipal.”可知，只要幾個(gè)小時(shí)，尷尬的結(jié)果就會出來，這還不是我最擔(dān)心的。大家會怎么說？如果我告訴我父母我競選失敗了，他們會怎么想？他們?yōu)槲腋械津湴粒矣肋h(yuǎn)無法告訴他們。每個(gè)人都指望著我，我的老師，我的朋友，甚至是校長。所以作者最擔(dān)心的是如果自己演講失敗會讓關(guān)心她的人失望，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“AndasIdeliveredthatspeech,anewandstrangerealizationcametome.Ihadcapturedtheirattentionandfbramoment-theybelongedtome.”而知，當(dāng)作者走上講臺演講時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)觀眾認(rèn)真聆聽，事情沒有她原以為的那么糟糕。由此我們能從作者的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到事情可能沒有你想的那么糟。故D項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮?7.B28.C29.C30.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，一項(xiàng)研究表明，植物在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，這可能會開辟一個(gè)精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領(lǐng)域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的"Onaverage,drought-stressedtomatoplantsmade35soundsanhour,whiletobaccoplantsmade11.w（平均來說，干旱壓力下的番茄植株每小時(shí)發(fā)出35個(gè)聲音，而煙草植株每小時(shí)發(fā)出11個(gè)聲音。），可知缺水番茄比煙草更敏感，干旱條件下，番茄植株發(fā)聲多。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段"Thesuggestionthatthesoundsthatdrought-stressedplantsmakecouldbeusedinprecisionagricultureseemsfeasibleifitisnottoocostlytosetuptherecordinginafieldsituation”（干旱壓力卜植物發(fā)出的聲音可以用于精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的建議，如果在田間條件下設(shè)置錄音成本不太高的話，這一建議似乎是可行的。）和最后一段中的"Shewarnsthattheresultscan'tyetbebroadenedouttootherstresses,suchassaltortemperature,becausethesemaynotleadtosounds.Inaddition,therehavebeennoexperimentstoshowwhethermothsoranyotheranimalcanhearandrespondtothesoundstheplantsmake,sothatidearemainsspeculative（推測的）fornow,shesays."（她警告說，研究結(jié)果還不能擴(kuò)大到其他壓力，如鹽或溫度，因?yàn)檫@些可能不會導(dǎo)致聲音。此外，她還說，目前還沒有實(shí)驗(yàn)證明飛蛾或其他動物是否能聽到并對植物發(fā)出的聲音做出反應(yīng)，所以這個(gè)想法目前仍然是推測性的。），可推斷出AnneVisscher對實(shí)驗(yàn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)抱有謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Butnow,forthefirsttime,theyhavebeenrecordedmakingultrasoniccrieswhenstressed,whichresearcherssaycouldopenupanewfieldofprecisionagriculturewherefarmerslistenfbrwater-stagedcrops."（但現(xiàn)在，有人首次記錄到它們在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，研究人員說，這可能會開辟一個(gè)精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領(lǐng)域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音。）和第五段中的“Theresearcherstrainedamachine-learningmodeltodiscriminatebetweentheplants*soundsandthewind,rainandothernoisesofthegreenhouse,correctlyidentifyinginmostcaseswhetherthestresswascausedbydrynessoracut,basedonthesound'sintensityandfrequency."（研究人員訓(xùn)練了一個(gè)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)模型來區(qū)分植物的聲音和溫室里的風(fēng)、雨和其他噪音，根據(jù)聲音的強(qiáng)度和頻率，在大多數(shù)情況下正確地識別出壓力是由干燥還是割傷引起的。），可推斷出此研究可以幫助人們更快地診斷出植物狀況。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段中的"Butnow,forthefirsttime,theyhavebeenrecordedmakingultrasoniccrieswhenstressed,whichresearcherssaycouldopenupanewfieldofprecisionagriculturewherefarmerslistenfbrwater-stagedcrops."（但現(xiàn)在，有人首次記錄到它們在壓力下會發(fā)出超聲波叫聲，研究人員說，這可能會開辟一個(gè)精確農(nóng)業(yè)的新領(lǐng)域，讓農(nóng)民們傾聽缺水作物的聲音。）和第二段“ItzhakKhaitandhiscolleaguesatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelfoundthattomatoandtobaccoplantsmadecriesatfrequencieshumanscannothearwhenstressedbyalackofwaterorwhentheirstemiscut."（以色列特拉維夫大學(xué)的伊扎克?哈伊特和他的同事們發(fā)現(xiàn)，番茄和煙草植物在缺水或莖被割下時(shí)發(fā)出的叫聲頻率是人類聽不到的。），可知文章講的是植物會在壓力下發(fā)出人類聽不到的超聲波叫聲，所以B選項(xiàng)“植物在壓力下尖叫”，為短文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?1.B32.D33.A34.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了團(tuán)隊(duì)合作并不總是湊效，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)其只有在人們偶爾合作情況卜才能奏效?！?1題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Buimanagersalwayshavetobalancethemeritsofteamwork,whichhelpensurethateveryoneisworkingtowardsthesamegoal,withthedangersof“groupthink"，whensomedon'tpointoutthefaultsofaplantofitinwithothers.Whenpeoplearcawareoftheviewsofothers,thereisatendencyforthemtofollow,asparticipantsarereluctanttolookfoolish”可知，但是，管理者總是必須平衡團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，這有助于確保每個(gè)人都朝著同一個(gè)目標(biāo)努力，同時(shí)也有群體思維的危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)橛行┤藶榱伺c他人保持一致而沒有指出計(jì)劃中的不足之處，當(dāng)人們了解到他人的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，他們就有一種追隨的傾向，此處解釋原因一一因?yàn)樗麄儾辉敢馄x多數(shù)人的觀點(diǎn)（與別人的觀點(diǎn)不同）而顯得愚蠢，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“不同于"，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的'Theintennittentcollaboratorsfoundtherightresultasoftenastheindividualists,andgotabetteraveragesolution可知，這三位美國學(xué)者在研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)間歇性的合作者和個(gè)體主義者一樣經(jīng)常找到正確的結(jié)果，并得到更好的平均解決方案，也就說他們發(fā)現(xiàn)偶爾的合作可以提升績效，故D項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Fashionhouseswithco-creativedirectorsareratedaslesscreativebyindustryexpertsthanbrandsthatwereindividuallyled.”可知,行業(yè)專家認(rèn)為,與單人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的品牌相比,擁有聯(lián)合創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)的時(shí)裝公司的創(chuàng)意更少，由此可知，單人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（單一權(quán)威）的時(shí)裝公司更具創(chuàng)意，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講的是團(tuán)隊(duì)合作并不總是湊效，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)其只有在人們偶爾合作情況下才能奏效，故B項(xiàng)（團(tuán)隊(duì)合作何時(shí)湊效？）適合作文章標(biāo)題。故B項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）【答案】35.F36.A37.B38.D39.E【解析】【分析】本文是一片議論文，主要通過作者自己的經(jīng)歷來說明公共圖書館不可取代?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文，Nothingcouldbefartherfromthetruth.這個(gè)（觀點(diǎn)）離譜得很。作者不同意上面的觀點(diǎn)，繼而表明自己的觀點(diǎn)：事實(shí)上，就是因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)絡(luò)，公共圖書館才比以往更被需要。故選F項(xiàng)。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文Wehearsomuchaboutfalsenews”.我們聽到那么多“錯(cuò)誤的新聞”，再根據(jù)下文Librariansaretheretohelp.圖書管理員可以幫助我們?？芍?，我們在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上會獲得很多信息，但是我們不知道這些信息是否準(zhǔn)確，但是我們可以到公共圖書館去，那里的信息來源很可信。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文Ithelpsconnectpeoplewiththeresourcestheyneedtofindajob,continuetheireducation,andlearnnewskiHs.它幫助人們連接找工作，繼續(xù)教育以及學(xué)習(xí)新技能所需要的資源?？?知，這一段是表明公共圖書館時(shí)人們生活的積極影響，即幫助改善人們的生活，而且放在首句，起中心句的作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段第一句話（中心句）可知，本段的大意是公共圖書館不僅僅只是書本和信息。結(jié)合上文Yes,therearepubliccomputers,Internetaccess,movies,music,programsandathousandotherthings.確實(shí)，那兒有公用電腦，網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)網(wǎng)，電影，音樂，節(jié)目以及其他好多東西，結(jié)合下文Theyarcplaceswherepeoplefeelsafeandwelcomed.他們也是讓人們感到安全，感到受歡迎的地方。上文講的是有形的方面，下文將無形的方面，中間缺少一個(gè)過渡，表明公共圖書館不僅僅是有形的，他們的意義和關(guān)聯(lián)性不僅僅如此。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文Someofthebestmemoriesofmychildhoodinvolvegoingtothelocallibraryandinspeakingwithmanyothersintheneighborhood,theytoohavethosesamememories.Theyarepresentlymakingthosesamememorieswiththeirchildrenandtheirgrandchildren.我童年時(shí)期的一些最好的回憶涉及的是去公共圖書館，并且跟附近的許多人閑談，那些人也有（跟我?樣的）回憶。他們現(xiàn)在也在跟他們的后代創(chuàng)造類似的回憶?？芍?，公共圖書館連接了人與人之間的關(guān)系。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）［答案］40.Thesharingindustryisaneconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshareresources,eitherfreeorfbrafee.Becauseitoffersenvironmentally-friendlymeansoftransportationtopeopleincities.Sharedservicesarcgettingincreasinglypopularfbrtheirconvenience,buttherearcstillcallsfbrexpansiontowiderareasbecausetheyarecurrentlyrestrictedtomachines.Accordingtothepassage,presentlysharedservicesincludenotonlymachinesbutalsosmaller,lessheavyitems,suchastiesandumbrellas.（1）Sharingbooksisagoodtypeofsharedservices.Peoplecanshareandreadthebookstheylikewithoutpayorwithonlyalittlemoney,sothattheywillimprovetheirknowledgeandenrichtheirlife.ThusIthinkitiswellworthspreading.（2）Sharingplatformsisagoodtypeofsharedservices.Forexample,resourcescanbesharedthere.Anotherexampleisthatinacommunity,oldpeoplecanleamhowtousecomputersandsmartphoneswiththehelpofit.ThusIthinkitiswellworthspreading.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了共享服務(wù)的理念及發(fā)展，指出共享服務(wù)需要更多的想象力，人們正在呼吁將共享服務(wù)擴(kuò)展到越來越多的地區(qū)。【40題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段"Thesharingindustryisanemerging,highlyflexibleeconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshareresources,eitherfreeorforafee.（共享產(chǎn)業(yè)是一個(gè)新興的、高度靈活的經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，允許人們免費(fèi)或收費(fèi)共享資源）”可知，共享產(chǎn)業(yè)是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，允許人們免費(fèi)或收費(fèi)共享資源。故答案為Thesharingindustryisaneconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshareresources,eitherfreeorfbrafee.[41題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thiskindoftransportationissoenvironmentally-friendlythatitisincreasinglypopularamongpeopleinmanycities.（這種交通工具非常環(huán)保，在很多城市越來越受歡迎）”可知，因?yàn)楣蚕斫煌槌鞘欣锏娜藗兲峁┝谁h(huán)保的交通工具，所以受到了人們的關(guān)注。故答案為Becauseitoffersenvironmentally-friendlymeansoftransportationtopeopleincities.【42題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第四段中的"Therealpay-offinsharedservicesprobablyliesinrentingoutsmaller,lessheavyitems.（共享服務(wù)的真正|可報(bào)可能在于出租較小、較輕的物品）”和“Sosomecompanies,wouldletyoupickupatiewhenyouneededitandonlywhenyouneededit.（因此，一些公司會讓你在需要的時(shí)候挑選領(lǐng)帶，而且只在你需要的時(shí)候）”以及4<Anotherexampleisanumbrella-sharingservice.（另一個(gè)例子是雨傘共享服務(wù)）”可知，共享服務(wù)并不僅僅是局限于機(jī)器，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的共享服務(wù)不僅包括機(jī)器，還包括較小、較輕的物品，如領(lǐng)帶和雨傘。所以題干中的“theyarccurrentlyrestrictedtomachines（它們目前僅限于機(jī)器）”錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)在此處畫下劃線，原因是現(xiàn)在的共享服務(wù)不僅包括機(jī)器，還包括較小、較輕的物品，如領(lǐng)帶和雨傘。故答案為Accordingtothepassage,presentlysharedservicesincludenotonlymachinesbutalsosmaller,lessheavyitems,suchasticsandumbrellas.【43題詳解】主觀題。答案不唯一，有理有據(jù)即可。答題時(shí)應(yīng)先舉出一個(gè)文中并未提及的共享服務(wù)的例子，再解釋原因。參考答案為（1）Sharingbooksisagoodtypeofsharedsendees.Peoplecanshareandreadthebookstheylikewithoutpayorwithonlyalittlemoney,sothattheywillimprovetheirknowledgeandenrichtheirlife.ThusIthinkitiswellworthspreading.（2）Sharingplatformsisagoodtypeofsharedservices.Forexample,resourcescanbesharedthere.Anotherexampleisthatinacommunity,oldpeoplecanlearnhowtousecomputersandsmartphoneswiththehelpofit.ThusIthinkitiswellworthspreading.第二節(jié)應(yīng)用文（20分）44.【答案】DearJim,Knowingyouareconductingasurveyofthehouseworkthathighschoolstudentsdoathome,I,mwritingtotellyouaboutwhatIdo.Althoughmyschoolscheduleisrathertight,1stillmanagetohelpwiththehouseworkfromtimetotime.1willcleanupafterdinner.Ialsohelpwithotherthingslikesweepinganddusting.Everyonceinawhile,Iwillcooksomethingfbrmyfamily.Sofar,myspaghettihasbeenthemostdeliciousdish.Ithinkhighschoolstudentsshoulddosomehousework.Foronething,bydoinghouseworkwelearntotakeresponsibilityathome,andinthelongertenn,insociety.Foranother,Ifindthetimespentdoinghouseworkwithmyparentsreallyfunandrewarding;wechatwitheachotherandsometimesevensingtogether.Doinghouseworkcanbeagreatbreakfrommybusyschoolwork.Goodluckwithyoursurvey.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一封郵件，回復(fù)Jim關(guān)于你做家務(wù)的情況。【詳解】第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文；人稱：第一、二人稱為主；時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；要點(diǎn)：1）你平時(shí)做哪些家務(wù)；2）你對中學(xué)生做家務(wù)的看法。第二步：列提綱（重點(diǎn)詞組）athome；managetodo：fromtimetotime；cleanup；asurveyof；sofar；dosomehousework；inthelongerterm；takeresponsibility；chatwith：schoolwork等第三步：連詞成句Knowingyouareconductingasuneyofthehouseworkthathighschoolstudentsdoathome,I'mwritingtotellyouaboutwhatIdo.Althoughmyschoolscheduleisrathertight,Istillmanagetohelpwiththehouseworkfromtimetotime.3.1alsohelpwithotherthingslikesweepinganddusting.4.Everyonceinawhile,Iwillcooksomethingformyfamily.5.1thinkhighschoolstudentsshoulddosomehousework.6.Bydoinghouseworkwclearntotakeresponsibilityathome,andinthelongerterm,insociety.7.1findthetimespentdoinghouseworkwithmyparentsreallyfunandrewarding.Doinghouseworkcanbeagreatbreakfrommybusyschoolwork.根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）.表轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系:Although；Foronething...Foranother...；.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系:still：also；and；even：.表示時(shí)間關(guān)系：Everyonce等連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫??定要規(guī)范清晰。第五步：潤色修改【點(diǎn)睛】范文內(nèi)容完整，要點(diǎn)全面，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系。作者在范文中使用了較多高分句型，如：Knowingyouareconductingasurveyofthehouseworkthathighschoolstudentsdoathome,TmwritingtotellyouaboutwhatIdo.使用了現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語;Althoughmyschoolscheduleisrathertight,Istillmanagetohelpwiththehouseworkfromtimetotime.使用了由although弓|導(dǎo)的讓步》犬語從句；Foronething,bydoinghouseworkwclearntotakeresponsibilityathome,andinthelongerterm,insociety.Foranother,Ifindthetimespentdoinghouseworkwithmyparentsreallyfunandrewarding;wechatwitheachotherandsometimesevensingtogether.使用了Foronething...Foranother…弓|導(dǎo)并歹ll句；Doinghouseworkcanbeagreatbreakfrommybusyschoolwork.使用了動名詞作主語等。還使用了一些固定短語，如：managetodo；fromtimetotime：cleanup；sofar；dosomehousework；inthelongertenn：takeresponsibility；chatwith等。另外，文章思路清晰、層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。A.motivationA.likedB.encouragementB.trustedC.recognitionC.acceptedD.commitmentD.known第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共A.motivationA.likedB.encouragementB.trustedC.recognitionC.acceptedD.commitmentD.knownA閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。BythetimeMichaelPhelpsretiredat31,he11(collect)atotalof23golds,threesilversandtwobronzesattheOlympics,arecord12looksunlikelytobebrokenfbrmanyyearstocome.Phelpssufferedhyperactivitydisorderasachildand13(encourage)totakeupswimmingatseventocontrolhisenergy.Overtheyearshedevelopedintoachampionswimmer,beatingrecordafterrecord.4tIwastryingtosee14Icouldreallydoandwheremypotentialcouldgo”,saidPhelps.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Inmostbigcities,itiseasiertohireataxiatamoment'snoticewhentheweatherisgood.Butwhenit'sraining,peoplehaveamuchhardertime15(find)one.Oneobviousreasonisthatmanypeoplewhowalkshortdistancesduringgoodweatherprefertotakeataxiintherain.16,taxistendtobemorefullyoccupiedonrainydays.Besides,thesupplyofavailabletaxisisalsosmallerbecausetaxidriverscan17(easy)reachthetargetfaresandgohomeearly.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。18(develop)byConfuciusduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,Confucianismisaphilosophicalandethicalsystem,whichhasbecomean19(influence)partofChineseculture.Today,mottosfromConfucianismarefrequentlyusedbyforeignofficialsintheirspeechesortalks.Peoplearoundtheglobecanhaveaccess20ConfucianisminConfuciusInstitutesandChineseCultureCentersabroad.Uptonow,Chinahasopenedabout500ConfiiciusInstitutesin140countriesandregions,introducingChinabyopeningtrainingclasses,buildinglibraries,andholdingculturalactivities.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AGetinvolvedwithourresearchSomeofourresearchprojectsrelyonthegenerosityofpeoplelikeyou.Whetherit'susingyourhomePC,takingpartinaclinicaltrial,orsimplyvolunteeringyourtimefbrastudy,youmaybeabletocontributetosomeoftheground-breakingprojectswhichmaketheUniversityofOxfordaworldleaderinresearch.Watchthisspacefbrwaysinwhichyoucouldgetinvolved.SeekingpoorsleepersforinsomniaresearchTroublesleeping?ResearchersfromtheSleep&CircadianNcuroscicnccInstituteattheUniversityofOxfordareevaluatingdifferentinterventionsaimedatimprovingsleep.Wearelookingforpoorsleepersbetweentheagesof18and65.ParticipationwillinvolvespendingovernightsinthesleeplaboratoryatOxford,monitoringyoursleep/wakecycle,andcompletingcomputerisedtasks.Dependingonthestudyyouvolunteerfbr,youwilleitherundergoanonlinesclf^hclptreatmentprogrammeorlab-basednon-invasivcbrainstimulationsessionspriortobedtime.Youwillbereimbursedfbryourtime.Ifyouareinterestedintakingpartorwouldlikemoreinformationpleasecontacttheresearchteamdirectlyatinsomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.ukVolunteerswithlazyeyewantedWearelookingfbrvolunteerswithahistoryoflazyeyetotakepartinourbrainscanningstudyonhowbinocular（雙眼的）visionrelatestobrainchemistry.Wearelookingfbrhealthy,fluentEnglishvolunteersaged18-45withahistoryoflazyeye.YouwillalsobeaskedquestionsaboutyourmedicalhistorytocheckyoursuitabilityfbranMRIscan.Call01865223622formoreinformation.OxfordVaccineGroupTheOxfordVaccineGroupisanindependentmulti-disciplinaryclinicaltrialsandepidemiologygroup.OVGworkstowardsthegoalofdevelopingnewandimprovedvaccinesfbrthepreventionofinfectioninadultsandchildren,enhancingtheunderstandingofimmunityandstudyingtheepidemiologyofinfectiousdiseases.Tofindoutwhichresearchprojectsarecurrentlyrecruitingvolunteers,pleaseseetheOVGwebsiteoremailinfb@ovg.ox.ac.uk.OxfordExperimentallabfortheSocialSciencesTheOxfordInternetInstitute,togetherwiththeBusinessSchool,isrecruitingindividualstoparticipateincomputer-basedexperimentsinvolvingonlinesurfingbehavioraswellaseconomicandpoliticaldecision-making.Wcpayoursubjectswell,therearcnospecialskillsrequiredandyoudon'thavetobeastudenttotakepart!Contactusatsocialscience.study@ox.ac.ukformoreinfbnnation.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?TooffermedicalhelptopatientsTolookfbrexperiencedresearchersTointroducenewresearchprogramsTorecruitvolunteersfbrresearchprojectsThegoalofOVGisto.carryoutclinicaltrialsproducevaccinesagainstviniseslearnmoreabouttheimmunesystemstudytheoccurrenceofinfectiousdiseases

YoucanfinishtheexperimentonyourhomePCifyoujoinOxfordVaccineGroupInsomniaresearchgroupOxfordExperimentallabBrainScanningstudygroupBDramatizedThoughtsonPublicSpeakingAsthecrowdgathered,Icouldfeelmyheartbeating.Iwonderediftheycouldhearit.Againstmywill,IcouldfeelmyfaceturninghotandknewthatIwasblushing.Eveniftheycannothearmyheartthumpingwitheverybeat,Ithought,theycansurelyseeitinmyeyes.Myeyesarealwaysadeadgive-away.Theywellupwithfearandoftenevenhotwithtears,everytimeIgetncnous.Thatandmystupidoldfaceturningabrightshadeofred...IknewthatbynowIprobablylookedlikeasunburnedtomato.Theywouldnevertakemeseriously.IbegantowishthatIwasmorelikemysister.SheisalwayssoconfidentandproudofherselfItseemedlikeshehardlyevergetsnervouswhenitreallycounts.Eitherthatorshehiditbetterthan1.1wishedIhadnevereventhoughtofthisstupidideaofrunningfbrstudentbodypresident.Thatwasamonthago,beforeIfoundoutthatIwouldhavetospeakinfrontofiheentireschool.Itwastoolatetobackoutnowprettysoonthespeecheswouldbegin.Itwouldonlybeafewhoursbeforetheembarrassingresultswouldcomeout,andthatwasn'teventheworstofmyworries.Whatwouldeveryonesay?WhatwouldmyparentsthinkwhenItoldthemthatIlosttheelection?Theyweresoproudofme;Iwouldneverbeabletotellthem.Everyonewascountingonme,niyteachers,myfriends,eventheprincipal.IwassurethatIwouldfailmiserablynowthatIhadgottenmyselfintosuchanegativestateofmind.Irereadmyspeech.AllthegreathopesandideasIhad,allwrittenonthatawfulpieceofpaper.IrealizedwhyIhadwrittenthosewordsandanairofanticipation（預(yù)感）ranthroughmybody.Justintime,too.Iheardmynameonlysecondslater.Thosefewfeettothepodium（講臺）fbltlikeamile.Mykneeswereshaking,butsomehowImanagedtokeepmyground.AlthoughIknewthatIprobablywouldn'tneedit,Iplacedmywell-rehearsedspeechonthepodium.Then,likeagymnastabouttoplungeintoatumblingpass,Ilookedupattheaudience.AndasIdeliveredthatspeech,anewandstrangerealizationcametome.Ihadcapturedtheirattentionandfbramoment-theybelongedtome.Whydidtheauthorthinkitstupidtoattendtheelection?A.Peoplewouldn'ttakeherseriously.C.Shedidn'texpectsuchalargeaudience.25.Whatwastheauthor'sworstworry?Hereffortswouldbeinvain.Hersisterwasmuchbetterthanher.A.Peoplewouldn'ttakeherseriously.C.Shedidn'texpectsuchalargeaudience.25.Whatwastheauthor'sworstworry?Hereffortswouldbeinvain.Hersisterwasmuchbetterthanher.D.Therewasn'tenoughtimefbrhertoprepare.C.Theresultswouldcomeoutsoon.B.Shewoulddisappointothers.D.Shewouldsufferfromstagefright.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'sexperience?GreateffortspayofT.Alwayslookonthebrightside.Neverloseheartwhenyoufail.Tilingsmaynotbeasbadasyouthink.cAlthoughithasbeenrevealedinrecentyearsthatplantsarccapableofseeing,hearingandsmelling,theyarcstillusuallythoughtofassilent.Butnow,forthefirsttime,theyhavebeenrecordedmakingultrasoniccrieswhenstressed,whichresearcherssaycouldopenupanewfieldofprecisionagriculturewherefarmerslistenforwater-starvedcrops.ItzhakKhaitandhiscolleaguesatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelfoundthattomatoandtobaccoplantsmadecriesatfrequencieshumanscannothearwhenstressedbyalackofwaterorwhentheirste