中考-代詞講解

考點一：人稱代詞分類\第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)主格IweVOUVOU*hesheitthev*■,賓格meusVOUVOUhimheritthem用法口訣：人稱代詞分兩格，主格賓格來分說；主格定把主語作，賓格作賓不會錯。1、“1（我）”不論在什么地方都要大寫。IstudyEnglisheveryday.2、“5卜6”常常代替國家，城市，寵物等，表示一種親密或愛撫的感情。IliveinChina。Sheisagreatcountry.3、“it”有時也可指人。（敲門，打電話）It'sme.Openthedoor,please.4、人稱代詞并用時，單數(shù)為第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱；復數(shù)為第一人稱，第二人稱，第三人稱；you,heandIhelpus,youandthem5、在簡短對話中，當人稱代詞單獨使用或在not后多用賓格. Havemorewine? Notme IlikeEnglish. Metoo.

考點二：物主代詞\^稱分￡\\第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)形容詞性mvourvour*VOUI*hisheritstheir名詞性mineoursvonrsVOUF科hishersitstheirs用法口訣：物主代詞兩類型，形容詞性、名詞性。形容詞性作定語，后面定把名詞用。名詞性、獨立用，主賓表語它都充。考點三：反身代詞、、、人稱分類、第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)mvselfvourselfhimselfhei"selfitself復數(shù)ourselvesvoui*selvesthemselves用法口訣：反身代詞表自身，句中可作兩成分:表示強調(diào)同位語，賓語動作回自身。常見搭配：enjoyoneself,helponeselfto,teachoneself,byoneself,foroneself,makeoneselfathome,loseoneselfin….teachesusEnglish.(She,Her)[She].Pleaselookafter.(him,he)[him].teacherisayoungman.(Our,Ours)[Our].Thatisn'tmybike.It′s(her,hers).[hers].Wewillbuildthefactory.(ourselves,us)[ourselves].HeteachesEnglish.(himself,his)[himself] 練習題：.Mypenisbroken.MayIuse?A.youB.yoursC.yourselfD.your. Arethesecoats? No,theyaren't.arehere.A.your,OursB.your,WeC.you,OursD.you,Our.Don'tloseincomputergames,boys.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.himselfD.themselves.Where'syourmother?Ican'tfindanywhere.sheB.herC.heD.him.Mike'swordsaredifferentfrom.Wereallycan'tagreewith.A.ours,himB.ours,he'sC.us,himD.us,hissawplayinginthestreetatthattime.A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs7Thepenishers.Passitto,please.A.herB.sheC.hersD.herself.WeatthepartylastSunday.A.enjoyedmyselfB.enjoyedourselvesC.enjoymyselfD.enjoyedthemselves.LetTonydoitby.HeisnolongerakidA.himB.hisC.himselfD.he10.Ourroomisbig,butisbiggerthan.A.their;ourB.their;oursC.theirs;oursD.theirs;ourOnlyknowit.A.IandheB.heandyouC.heandID.Iandyou12."Makeathome."hesaidtohisfriends.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.youD.yours13.CouldyouhelpwithEnglish?A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I14.Wecan’tleavemygrandparentsby.A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.their15.Mary,pleaseshowyourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID,me 練習題答案：(溫馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！)1-5BABBA6-10AABCC11-15CBCCD考點四：指示代詞單數(shù)復數(shù)用法thisthese近指thatthose匹指1.it,one,that作代詞的區(qū)別①it指上文提到過的事物。②?one泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一個。③that常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的名詞，避免重復.(1)Ihavemanybooks.Whichdoyoulike?[one](2)Thebookismine.isveryinteresting.[It](3)TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthaninHainan.[that]2.it的幾種特殊用法①有時用來代替小孩和嬰兒。Who'sthisboyinthepicture?It?sme.②不知姓名或是誰時。Whoisitatthedoor?It?sJim.③作形式賓語或形式主語時It'seasytoclimbthehill.IfounditinterestingtolearnEnglish. 練習題：-Look,whoiscoming?-mustbeourEnglishteacher.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.ThisIfoundnoteasytogetonwithhim.A.thatB.itC.thisD.oneThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanofChina.A.itB.thatC.oneD.thisIfoundimportanttoreadEnglishinthemorning.A.itB.thatC.whichD.itsIhavesomeappleshere.Youcanhave.A.oneB.itC.thatD.thosetreesareplantedlastyear.A.ThisB.ThereC.ThoseD.That 練習題答案：（溫馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦?。?-6CBBAAC考點五：不定代詞只修飾可數(shù)名詞只修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞inanv;*anumberofthenumberofmuchalotof=lotsoffew,fewlittle^alittle&ome.anv■ imany,much的區(qū)別①Hedoesn'thavetimetofinishhiswork.(many,much)[much]②arereadingbooks.(many,much)[Many]anumberof,thenumberof的區(qū)別anumberof+名詞復數(shù)做主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。thenumberof+名詞復數(shù)做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。①Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis54.②Anumberofstudentsareplantingtrees.③Anumberofworkersinthatfactoryarewomenworkers.④Thenumberoftheteachersinourschoolisverylarge.few,afew,little,alittle的區(qū)別?Thereareminutesleft.Hurryup.(few,afew)[few]②Don’tworry.Ihavemoneyhere.(little,alittle)[alittle]some,any的區(qū)別some一般用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑問句中。?Ihavesomebooks,butIdon'thaveanypens.②Thereisnotanymeatinmybowl.Thereissomechickeninit.提示板：some有時也可用于疑問句中，表示勸告，請求或建議。any用于肯定句中，表示“任何一個”?Wouldyoulikesometea?②MayIaskyousomequestions?③Youcanborrowanyofthethreebooks.noone和nonenone后跟of短語，既可指人又可指物，noone只單獨使用，只指人。none作主語，謂語動詞用單，復數(shù)均可；noone作主語謂語動詞只能是單數(shù)。Noneofyoucouldliftit. Didanyone call me upjust now? Noone. Howmanyboys are in theroom? None.anyone和anyoneanyone僅指人，anyone既可指人，也可指物。+ofDoesanyoneofyouknowit?every和eachevery:1）強調(diào)全體的概念；2）指三個以上的人或物（含三個）；3）只作形容詞，不可單獨使用；4）有反復重復的意思；5）every與not連用，表示部分否定each:1）強調(diào)個體概念；2）指兩個以上的人或物（含兩個）；3）可作代詞或形容詞；4）each和not連用表示全部否定。Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook.Everystudenthastotakeone.Eachboyhastotakeone.Eachoftheboyshastotakeone.everytwoweeksEverymanisnothonest.Eachmanisnothonest.both（兩者都），either（兩者中任何一個），neither（兩者都不）。以上詞使用范圍為兩個人或物。Neitherofthetwoboysisclever.both與復數(shù)連用，either與單數(shù)連用。Boththeboysareclever.Eitherofthetwoboysisclever.Thereareflowersonbothsidesofthestreet.=Thereareflowersoneithersideofthestreet.Eitherwayisright.all（所有的，全部的人或物），any（任何一個），none（都不）。以上詞使用范圍為三者以上。Alltheflowersaregone.Idon'tlikeanyoftheflowers.Ilikenoneoftheflowers.注意：all與none用法一樣。跟單數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)動詞；跟復數(shù)名詞，用復數(shù)動詞。Allofthestudentsarethere.All（of）themilkisthere.ita.代替事物，動物:It’sacat.b.代替人:It?sme.c.代替上文的句子:Hesavedme,I’llneverforgetit.d.代替天氣，溫度，時間，距離：It’scoldtoday.It?s5:00.f.作形式主語，形式賓語;It'simportanttostudyEnglishwell.Ifounditdifficulttoreachthere.g.用于強調(diào)句型.It'sJohnthat/whoworehisnewcoat.

考點六：復合不定代詞指人肯定句someonesomebodyeveryoneeverybody否定或轅問句anyoneanybody通用everyoneeverybodynobodynoone指物肯定句something杳定或疑問句anything通用everythingnothing 練習題：1)Ihaveimportanttotellyou.(something,anything)2)Idon'tknowelseaboutit.(something,anything)3)Don’tworry,isOK.(nothing,everything)Youlooksohappy! JacksaysIamverybeautiful.hasevertoldmethatbefore.(Everybody,Nobody)Thebottleisempty.Thereisinit.(something,nothing) 練習題答案：(溫馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！)somethinganythingeverythingNobodynothing考點七：疑問代詞，連接代詞和關(guān)系代詞主格賓格所有格指人whowhomwhose指物whatwhose指人或物whichwhose 練習題：1)rulerisyours,thisoneorthatone?(What,Which)2)bagisthis?(Who,Whose)3)isshe?(Who,Whom)Aboutdidtheytalkjustnow?(who,whom)DidyouunderstandIsaid?(what,that)-isthatmanoverthere? He'sMrGreen.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who isyourclassmateJohnlike? He'sverytall.A.HowB.WhatC.WhoD.Which 練習題答案：(溫馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！)WhichWhoseWhowhomwhatDB【典題精煉】Thoughitrainedheavily,werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves.Hethoughtalittledifficulttoworkoutthismathsproblem.A.thereB.itC.thisD.thatSorryIhaveforgottelephonenumber.A.yoursB.himC.youD.hisisyoursister?-Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Whoonedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.ThisTheyalllostinthebeautifulmusic.A.themB.themselvesC.theirD.theirsListentome.Ihavetotellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew-Arethesetwobooksint