SA工作流基礎(chǔ)知識

ERP項目組內(nèi)部培訓(xùn)-WorkFlow

基礎(chǔ)知識篇（一）2010年08月13日概要Unit2

OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)Unit1Introduction工作流介紹Unit3

WorkflowTemplates工作流模板Unit4

BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺Introduction工作流介紹Unit2

OrganizationalStructure組織結(jié)構(gòu)Unit1Introduction工作流介紹Unit3

WorkflowTemplates工作流模板Unit4

BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺Introduction工作流介紹Content內(nèi)容1.WhatisSAPBusinessWorkflow?

什么是SAP業(yè)務(wù)工作流2.IntroductiontoWorkflowTerminology

介紹工作流術(shù)語3.AdvantagesofUsingWorkflow

運(yùn)用工作流的優(yōu)點Objectives目標(biāo)1.DescribeSAPBusinessWorkflowconcepts描述SAP業(yè)務(wù)工作流的概念2.OutlinethecircumstancesunderwhichSAPBusinessWorkflowcanbeusedeffectively描述什么樣的情況下能有效地使用SAP業(yè)務(wù)工作流3.DefinethebasicSAPBusinessWorkflowterminology

解釋基本的SAP業(yè)務(wù)工作流術(shù)語Introduction工作流介紹Introduction工作流介紹GoalsofReorganizingBusinessProcesses使用工作流達(dá)到的目標(biāo)：增加流程的透明性，增加雇員的職責(zé)，關(guān)注客戶的興趣，更高效的管理，關(guān)注流程的最終結(jié)果。Introduction工作流介紹Coversallaspectsoftheprocess流程涵蓋的各個方面TheProcessflowitself(Business)業(yè)務(wù)流程本身ThePeopleinvovled(Organization)流程涉及的人員Theeffects(ProcessInformation)流程結(jié)果SAPBusinissWorkflow■AWorkflowManagementSystemfacilitatesthe

electronicprocessingofstructuredprocesseswhich:IncludearangeofactivitiesAlwaysoccurinasimilaroridenticalformInvolveseveralpeopleordepartmentsRequireahighdegreeofcoordination■WorkflowManagementSystemscontrolprocessesaccordingtoapredefinedmodelandareespeciallysuitedtostructuredorganizations■工作流管理中，一些結(jié)構(gòu)流程符合：流程包括一系列的活動，流程是相似的或者相同的，需要多個人員或者部門的高度的協(xié)調(diào)性

■工作流管理通過預(yù)先定義的模板和合適的組織架構(gòu)控制流程Introduction工作流介紹WhatProcessesareParticularlySuitableforSAPBusinessWorkflow?Faster,simpleraccesstoinformation快速，簡單的訪問信息Administrativetasksarelessdemanding對管理任務(wù)有更少的要求Processesareeasiertolearnandunderstand

流程更簡單易學(xué),易懂Introduction工作流介紹Workflow:AdvantagesforEndUsersFlexibleinchangingofprocessesOrganizationalstructure流程，組織架構(gòu)的靈活變化Introduction工作流介紹WorkflowBenefitsforManagementBettercontrolofinformationofdeadlinesofservicelevelsofprocessingcosts對信息，最后期限，服務(wù)水平，流程花銷等有更好的控制IncreaseproductionClearingbacklogDistributionofinformationandwork:

EveryusergetshisworklistautomaticallyfromthesystemSpeedupprocessesyouwillgetcashdiscountmoreoftenbetter/quickerreactiontoerrorsCustomersaremoresatisfiedprocessesaremorequicklyfinishedbetterinformationflow增加生產(chǎn)：：及時清空空積壓，每每個用戶從從系統(tǒng)中自自動獲得工工作項加快流程：：經(jīng)常獲得得折扣，對對錯誤信息息的快速反反應(yīng)顧客的滿意意度增加：：流程更快快速的完成成，更優(yōu)化化的流程信信息Introduction工作流介紹紹Workflow:AdvantagesforEnterprisesSimplydocumentmanaging,Standarde-mailandgroupwarealthoughWorkflowusesboth!Datadistributionacrossmultiplesystems:EDI/ALEisusedforthispurpose,butWorkflowcansupportthisoption!ScreensequencemanagementwithinatransactionManagementoftemporarydataManagementof“onetime”processesAtooltofillfunctionalitygaps!Introduction工作流介紹紹WorkflowIsNot!!!簡單文件，，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的e-mail和groupware，，工作流只只能運(yùn)用這這些信息。。不能對這這些文件進(jìn)進(jìn)行管理數(shù)據(jù)跨系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)的分配：：EDI/ALE能能跨系統(tǒng)傳傳遞數(shù)據(jù)，，但是工作作流不能。。通過事物代代碼對屏幕幕的一系列列操作進(jìn)行行管理管理臨時的的數(shù)據(jù)執(zhí)行一次流流程的管理理補(bǔ)充SAP功能的工工具（如果果一個FC不能直接接執(zhí)行，那那么用工作作流就不能能執(zhí)行這個個FC）ToStreamlineaBusinessProcess使業(yè)務(wù)流程程的效率更更高效EnsureCorrectBusinessProcessesareFollowed確保執(zhí)行正正確的業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)流程FormallyDefineandImplementaBusinessProcess更加嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)牡拇_定和執(zhí)執(zhí)行一個業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)流程Introduction工作流介紹紹SAPBusinessWorkflow’sPurposeObjectAgentTaskRoleStepEventWorkflowWorkitemBusinessWorkplaceSAPBusinessWorkflowTerminologyIntroduction工作流介紹紹FiveQuestionsforEachPartofaBusinessProcessWhoShould?DoWhat?WithWhatObjects?When?InWhatOrder??Introduction工作流介紹紹InWhatOrder?ConsistsofstepsCanbetriggeredbyevents工作流由步步驟組成，，并由事件件觸發(fā)WorkflowDefinitionControlstheBusinessProcess通過工作流流模塊來控控制業(yè)務(wù)流流程Introduction工作流介紹紹What?Activity/TaskExecuteaTransactionExecuteaReportExecuteaFunctionModuleRunaRoutineinanExternalSystemUpdateaSpreadsheetDocumentgenerationUserdecisionautomaticcontrolstepsEventIntroduction工作流介紹紹活動或任務(wù)務(wù)：執(zhí)行一一個事物、、一個報表表、一個函數(shù)模模塊，運(yùn)行行一個外部部系統(tǒng)的程程序，更新一一個電子數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)表等文件生成用戶決定自動控制步步驟WhatandwithWhatObject:ObjectTypeExampleSAPBusinessObjecttypesInvoiceRequisitionMaterialArchiveddocumentsEDImessages(IDocs)DocumentsfromPCofficeapplicationsObjectMethods(DoWhat?)Post(theinvoice)Approve(therequisition)Change(thematerial)Display(theimage)Introduction工作流介紹紹SAP業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)對象：：發(fā)票，申請請，物料，，歸檔文件件，電子數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)交換信信息，PC應(yīng)用中的的文件對象方法（（對對象進(jìn)進(jìn)行的操作作）：開（發(fā)票）），同意（（申請），，修改（物物料），顯顯示（文件件）WhoTasksand‘PossibleAgents’Introduction工作流介紹紹WHO:ToDecidewhoShouldReceiveaWorkItemandPerformaTaskAlistofpossibleagentsisrequiredforatask.Thislistcontainstheemployeesinyourenterprisewhoareauthorizedtoreceivethisworkitem.Theactualrecipientsoftheworkitemaredeterminedatruntime.YoudonothavetohaveHRfortherelationshipswithorganizationalobjects.ThefunctionsareprovidedwiththeBasissystem.誰：決定誰誰收到代辦辦事項并執(zhí)執(zhí)行任務(wù)一個任務(wù)需需要一系列列可能的代代理人。這這些人包括括企業(yè)中有有權(quán)收到該待待辦事項的的雇員。在工作項執(zhí)執(zhí)行時決定定實際的收收件人。WHEN?out-come3out-come1out-come2EventOutcomeshowsthewariousresultsofastepTellstheworkflowthatsomethinghashappenedWorkflowcanbestarted(triggeringevent)Stepcanbeended(terminatingevent)WaitstepforreactingtoaneventSteptypeEventcreatorIntroduction工作流介紹紹工作流何時時啟動，何何時觸發(fā)，，何時審批，，何時結(jié)束束顯示一個步步驟的不同同結(jié)果Introduction:SectionSummaryActiveflowofinformationtotherightpeopleattherighttimeintherightformatintherightquantityABetterReturnonInformationIntroduction工作流介紹紹一個激活的的流程信息息：在正確確的時間，，以正確的的方式，以適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)數(shù)量，發(fā)給給正確的人人。更好的結(jié)果果信息OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)Unit2OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)Unit1Introduction工作流介紹紹Unit3WorkflowTemplates工作流模模板Unit4BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作作臺Contents:內(nèi)容OrganizationalManagement組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)的管理理HRSetUpHR的建立SimpleMaintenance簡單維護(hù)護(hù)Positions職位OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)OrganizationalStructureAttheconclusionofthisunit,youwillbeableto:在這部分分結(jié)束，，將學(xué)到到：SetupanOrganizationPlan建立一個個組織架架構(gòu)ConnecttheOrganizationPlantoaworkflow組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)和工作作流的連連接OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)UnitObjectivesTheworkflowsystemfindstheagentsoftheindividualtasksbyevaluatingtheorganizationalplan工作流系系統(tǒng)通過過評估組組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)找到每每個任務(wù)務(wù)的代理理人Youmustlookforoptionsonhowtorelateeachsteptoyourorganization找到怎樣樣連接工工作流的的每個步步驟與組組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)的方法法HRhascreatedacurrentorganizationalstructureofyourcompanyHR已經(jīng)在企企業(yè)中創(chuàng)創(chuàng)建好了了一個組組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)Youmustbuildtheconnectionfromthisorganizationalstructuretoyourworkflow必須建立立組織結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)和你你的工作作流的一一個連接接OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)OrganizationalStructure:BusinessScenarioOrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)OrganizationalPlanSAPHRTerminologyusingajobadvertisementinanewspaperasanexample利用報紙紙上的一一個職位位招聘廣廣告解釋釋SAPHR術(shù)語IntegrationoforganizationalmanagementTaskdistributionaccordingtoresponsibility:Linkingtaskswithpossibleagentsondescriptionlevelorientedto“jobs”Dynamictaskdistributionatruntime:DeterminationofrecipientsbasedoninformationfromthecontextoftheworkflowandtheobjectsprocessedActivedeterminationofthe““correct””recipientsandprovidingthemwiththeinformationrequiredHighdegreeoftransparencyofbusinessprocessesandtheirresponsibilitiesOrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)IntegrationofOrganizationalManagement組織管理理的一體體化根據(jù)職責(zé)責(zé)對任務(wù)務(wù)進(jìn)行分分配：以以職務(wù)為為導(dǎo)向連連接任務(wù)務(wù)和可能的代代理人；；運(yùn)行時動動態(tài)分配配任務(wù):依據(jù)工作作流的背背景和對對象流程程信息決定收收件人；；活動或或者任務(wù)務(wù)決定正確確的代理理人并提提供給他他們想要要的信息息業(yè)務(wù)流程程和職責(zé)責(zé)的高度度透明性性O(shè)rganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)ExampleforanOrganizationalChart部門內(nèi)部部的業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)流程和和跨公司司的業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)流程OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)BasicHRDefinitionforWorkflowInOrganizationalManagement,SimpleMaintenanceenablesyoutoquicklycreateyourinitialorganizationalplan.YouonlycaterforThebasicobjectsandtheirrelationships.在組織管管理中，，簡單維維護(hù)能快快速的創(chuàng)建一一個基本本的組織織結(jié)構(gòu)。。這只符合合最基本本的目標(biāo)標(biāo)和關(guān)系系。OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)CreatinganOrganizationalPlaninSimpleMaintenance（earlierrelease）CreateOrganizationalUnit,CreatePositions,AssignTasksOrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)NavigationOverviewObjects:organizationalunits,persons,jobs,positions,tasks,usersUsethesearchareatolocateobjects.Searchalsoviarelationshipswithotherobjectsandsoreresultsas‘‘favorite’’variants.Resultsofsearchappearhereforselection.Double-clickdesiredobjecttobringitintoOverviewArea.Seeoverviewineitherlistmodeorasatreestructure.Double-clicktoreachfurtherobjectcharacteristicsinDetailArea.IntheOverviewareayoucanswitchbetweentheoganizationalstructureandthestaffingplanofoneorganizationalunit.CharacteristicsoftheobjectinOverviewAreacanbemaintainedhere.Tabstripsidentifyandgroupsimilardata.OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)UndoChangescannotbeundoneoncethedatahasbeenstoredinthedatabase.OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)PositionsPositionsarespecifictoyourorganization.Multiplepositionsmayperformsimilarjobtasks.Eachpositiontypicallyrepresentsoneemployee,butmaybepartiallyfilledbymorethanone.職位在組組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)中是具具體的，，但是職職務(wù)不是是。多個職位位可以執(zhí)執(zhí)行相同同職務(wù)的的工作。。每個職位位下面掛掛一個人人，但是也有有一個職職位下掛掛好幾個個人的情情況。事務(wù)碼：：PPOCE創(chuàng)建一個個新的根根組織單單元，然然后創(chuàng)建建一個子子級別的的組織單單元，或或者創(chuàng)建建一個職職位。OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)Release4.6B:CreatingaPositionJobsareindependentofprganizationalunits.Positionsareconnecteddirectlytoanorganizationalunit.OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)Release4.6B:CreatingaNewJobRelease4.6B:AssigningaUserOrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)把創(chuàng)建好好的職位位分配給給具體的的人OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)AssignmentWorkflowTasks-OrganizationalObjects注意：一個用用戶被定義成成可能的代理理人，才可能能在工作流運(yùn)運(yùn)行時收到待辦事項；通通過任務(wù)維護(hù)護(hù)分配工作流流任務(wù)給組織織對象是最好好的方法。OrganizationalStructure:UnitSummaryIntegrationoforganizationalManagementintoSAPBusinessWorkflowSAP業(yè)務(wù)工作流中中的組織架構(gòu)構(gòu)的一體化管管理Transparencyofbusinessprocessesandtheirresponsibilities業(yè)務(wù)流程和職職責(zé)的透明性性Dynamictaskdistributionatruntime執(zhí)行時動態(tài)分分配任務(wù)Highflexibilitywithregardtoorganizationalchanges組織架構(gòu)改變變的高度靈活活性O(shè)rganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)Unit2OrganizationalStructure組織架構(gòu)Unit1Introduction工作流介紹Unit3WorkflowTemplates工作流模板Unit4BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺WorkflowTemplates工作流模板WorkflowTemplates工作流模板WorkflowTemplatesContents:內(nèi)容Workflowtemplatesinapplications工作流模板的的應(yīng)用Workflowandtemplatedocumentation工作流和模板板文件AttheconclusionofthisSection,youwillbeableto:在這部分內(nèi)容容中，將學(xué)到到：Findworkflowtemplatesusingthestructuresearch通過結(jié)構(gòu)搜索索查找工作流流模板Callworkflowtemplatehelpdocumentation查找工作流模模板幫助文件件SpecifythestepsforadaptinganSAPworkflowtemplate描述SAP工作流模板的的各個步驟WorkflowTemplates工作流模板WorkflowTemplates:UnitObjectivesWorkflowTemplates工作流模板SAPDeliveredWorkflowTemplatesStructureSearch與模板有關(guān)事事務(wù)碼：模板創(chuàng)建：PFTC_INS模板修改：PFTC_CHG模板顯示：PFTC_DIS模板復(fù)制：PFTC_COP模板刪除：PFTC_DELWorkflowTemplates工作流模板SAPDeliveredWorkflowTemplatesDocumentationWorkflowTemplates工作流模板FI:ApprovalofParkedDocumentsWorkflowTemplates工作流模板MM:PurchaseRequisitionApprovalWorkflowTemplates工作流模板HR:NotificationofAbsenceWorkflowTemplates工作流模板AdaptingTemplatesIdentifybusinessprocesstobesupportedbySAPBusinessWorkflow以SAP業(yè)務(wù)工作流為為支撐確認(rèn)業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)流程Configuretheworkflowruntimeanddevelopmentsystem配置工作流的的運(yùn)行和開發(fā)發(fā)環(huán)境Selecttemplatethatcorrespondstoyourrequirements根據(jù)需求選擇擇合適的模板板Createorganizationalplan創(chuàng)建組織單元元Definepossibletaskagents確定可能的任任務(wù)代理人Linktaskstotheorganizationalplan任務(wù)和組織架架構(gòu)的連接Activateeventlinkageforyourworkflow激活工作流的的事務(wù)連接（（事務(wù)連接事事務(wù)碼：SWETYPV）WorkflowTemplates工作流模板BusinessProcess‘LeaveApproval’WhensomeonecreatesanotificationofabsenceProcess:DepartmentheaddecideswhethertoapproverequestIfapproved,requestisreleasedbyHRCreatorcancancelatanytimeIfnotapproved,requestcreatordecidestowithdraworchangeIfrequestistobechanged,itisreturnedtocreatorforupdateScenarioisrepeatedifchangesaremadeGainmanagementandenduserapprovalbeforecontinuing!WorkflowTemplates工作流模板UseTemplate1.Assignagents2.Activaterelevantevents3.AdaptinformationtextI.UsingtemplatewithoutenhancementⅡ.Configureatemplate1.Changeagents2.Maintaininformationtexts3.Scheduledeadlinemonitoring一.運(yùn)用一個個沒有增強(qiáng)的的模板：分配配代理人，激活關(guān)聯(lián)的事事件，編寫文文本信息二.配置一個個模板：修改改代理人，維維護(hù)文本信息，設(shè)定定最后期限監(jiān)監(jiān)控WorkflowTemplates工作流模板ConfiguringaTemplatefromtheIMGEachtemplatefromtheImplementationGuiderequiressomeapplication-specificCustomizing每個模板都需需要滿足用戶戶的某些特殊殊需求Workflowscenariodocumentationtellsyouwhatconfigurationisrequired工作流的實際際業(yè)務(wù)流程告告訴我們模板板需要根據(jù)需需要修改Stepsaredifferentforeachtemplate每個模板的步步驟都是不一一樣的StepsareinthesectionoftheIMGwhereyoucarryouttheapplicationconfiguration執(zhí)行模板的步步驟時需要根根據(jù)需求修改改Unit2OrganizationalStructure組織結(jié)構(gòu)Unit1Introduction工作流介紹Unit3WorkflowTemplates工作流模板Unit4BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺BusinessWorkplaceContents:內(nèi)容：UseofBusinessWorkplace使用業(yè)務(wù)工作作臺BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺BusinessWorkplace:ObjectivesAttheconclusionofthissection,youwillbeableto:在這部分內(nèi)容容中，將學(xué)到到：UsethefeaturesandfunctionalityoftheBusinessWorkplaceforworkflowactivityandmonitoringofworkitems利用業(yè)務(wù)工作作臺的特性和和功能執(zhí)行工工作流活動和和監(jiān)控工作項項BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺BusinessWorkplace:BusinessScenarioTheend-userinterfaceofaworkflowistheworklistoftheBusinessWorkplace最終用戶界面面中的工作流流就是業(yè)務(wù)工工作臺中的工工作項Youmustaccommodatethedifferentrequirementsfromallusers要考慮到所有有用戶的不同同需求Therefore,youwanttolearnaboutBusinessWorkplacehandling因此，首先需需要熟悉業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)工作臺的操操作BusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工作臺WorklistasInterfaceforEndUser業(yè)務(wù)工作臺是是SAP業(yè)務(wù)務(wù)工作流運(yùn)行行環(huán)境的一部部分。雇員在在業(yè)務(wù)工作臺里面接接收到文件和和待辦事項。。Overview

treeAutomaticgroupingSpecialworkitemsTaskdescriptionWorkitemtextTips/TricksRelatedobjectsWorkitempreviewWorklistBusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工工作臺臺BusinessWorkplaceinR/3（SBWP）ExecuteForward（轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)發(fā)）Resubmit（重新新提交交）Replace（替代代）Reserve(保留)DisplayDisplayattachmentCreateattachmentBusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工工作臺臺BusinessWorkplace-WorklistBusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工工作臺臺WorkItemDisplayNotechnicaldetailscanbeseenAttractiveappearanceandclearstructureimproveacceptancefromusersAttachmentsappearimmediatelyandcanbeviewedbyclickingDescriptionisformattedBusinessWorkplace業(yè)務(wù)工工作臺臺TechnicalWorkItemDisplayTechnicalinfocanbeseenDescriptionisnotformatted設(shè)置->工作流流設(shè)置置->個個人設(shè)設(shè)置設(shè)置技技術(shù)信息的的顯示示Busine