2023年高考試題英語(新課標1卷)解析版

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試〔新課標1卷〕英語本卷須知：1.本試卷分第一卷〔選擇題〕和第二卷〔非選擇題〕兩局部。第一卷1頁至10頁，第二卷11頁至13頁。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名，準考證號填寫在本試卷相應(yīng)的位置。3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，搭載本試卷上無效。4.第一卷聽力局部總分值30分，不計入總分，考試成績錄取時提供給高校作參考。5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一卷第一局部聽力〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕做題時，現(xiàn)將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上?！补?小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分〕〔略〕聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。第二局部閱讀理解〔共兩節(jié)，總分值60分〕〔共15小題；每題3分，總分值45分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項〔A、B、C、和D〕中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AMonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19:30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon’tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofnanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilenginerrs〞.December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon’sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheSmoudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopenling.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.LondonCanalMuseum12-13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RTTel:0207713083621.WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A.February6th.B.March6th.C.November7th.D.December5th.22.WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A.TheCanalPioneers.B.IcefortheMetropolisC.EyotsandAits-ThamesIslandsD.AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals23.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames.A.MirandaVickersB.MalcolmTuckerC.ChrisLewisD.LizPayneBThefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine〞.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(維生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,butthebestpart-particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables-wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7:00amto1p.m,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries,thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I’verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown’sGroveFarm’sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal-andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths.DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where-luckilyforme-Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI’dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.24.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.25.Whatmadetheauthor’sgettinguplateearlyworthwhile?A.Havingaswim.B.Breathinginfreshair.C.Walkinginthemorningsun.D.Visitingalocalfarmer’smarket.26.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?A.Theyaresoft.B.Theylooknice.C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.27.Whatwastheauthorgoingtothatevening?A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.C.Eatinarestaurant.D.Buyfreshvegatables.CSalvadorDali(1904-1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(無限).“Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,〞explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg.28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Optimistic.B.ProductiveC.Generous.D.Traditional.29.WhatisDali’sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?A.Oneofhismasterworks.B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.C.Anartisticcreationforthestage.D.OneofthebeatTVprogrammes.30.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?A.Bypopularity.B.Byimportance.C.Bysizeandshape.D.Bytimeandsubject.31.Whatdoestheword“contributions〞inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.DConflictisonthemenutonightatthecaféLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrance’sfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkingandthe“talkingcure〞.Heretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisn’talwayseasy.Theycustomers-somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$2(plusdrinks)persession-carequicktointellectualize(高談闊論)，slowtoopenupandconnect.“Youareforbiddentosay‘onefeels,’or‘peoplethink’,〞Lehanetoldthem.“Say‘Ithink,’‘Thinkme’.〞Acafésocietywherenointellectualizingisallowed?Itcouldn’tseemmoreun-French.ButLehanne’spsychologycaféisaboutmorethanknowingoneself:It’stryingtohelpthecity’stroubledneighborhoodcafes.Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle-longerworkinghours,afastfoodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesiretospendmoretimeathome.Dozensofnewthemecafesappeartochangethesituation.Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,fillingtableswellintotheevening.32.WhatarepeopleencouragedtodoatthecafeLaChope?A.LearnanewsubjectB.Keepintouchwithfriends.C.Showofftheirknowledge.D.Expresstheirtruefeelings.33.HowarecafesaffectedbyFrenchlifestylechanges?A.Theyarelessfrequentlyvisited.B.Theystayopenforlongerhours.C.Theyhavebiggernightcrowds.D.Theystarttoservefastfood.34.Whatarethemecafesexpectedtodo?A.Createmorejobs.B.Supplybetterdrinks.C.Savethecafebusiness.D.Servetheneighborhood.35.WhyarepsychologycafesbecomingpopularinParis?A.Theybringpeopletruefriendship.B.Theygivepeoplespiritualsupport.C.Theyhelppeoplerealizetheirdreams.D.Theyofferaplatformforbusinesslinks.D篇．文章大意：文章主要講述了精神咖啡館在法國越來越受歡迎。32.D解析：根據(jù)文章第一段第三句可知在LaChope咖啡館鼓勵人們表達他們真正的情感。應(yīng)選D。33.B解析：根據(jù)文章第二段第四句咖啡館通過更長的工作時間、增加快餐等改變法國人的生活。應(yīng)選B。34.D解析：根據(jù)文章最后一段可知更多的法國人需要這樣的咖啡館，應(yīng)選D項。35.B解析：根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句話可知心理咖啡館在巴黎受歡迎的原因在于他們給予人們精神上的支持。應(yīng)選B。第二節(jié)〔共5小題，每題2分，總分值10分〕根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences,36.Thatisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeensufferfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore,37.It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.38havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.39Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality〞.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidn’tlose“everything〞.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.Learntoreallytrustyourself.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.文章大意：文章主要講述了一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。36.D根據(jù)后句Trustisarisk.〔信任是一種冒險〕可知信任是不可以期望得到最好的回報。應(yīng)選D。37.E根據(jù)前句Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.可知他們受到嚴重的傷害且不能忍受再次發(fā)生。應(yīng)選E。38.A根據(jù)后句可知此段主要講述要學(xué)會信任自己。應(yīng)選A。39.C根據(jù)后面可知此段主要講述不要認為自己是受害者。應(yīng)選C。40.G根據(jù)前一句和后一句可知既要看到事情的積極面，也不要無視所發(fā)生的事情。應(yīng)選G。第三局部英語知識運用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值45〕完形填空〔共20小題；每題15分，總分值30分〕閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項〔A、B、C和D〕中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MykidsandIwereheadingintothesupermarketovertheweekend.Ontheway,wespottedamanholdingapieceofpaperthatsaid,“__41___myjob.FamilytoFeed.〞Atthisstore,a__42___likethisisnotnormal.My10-year-oldnoticedhimandmakea__43____onhowbaditmustbetohavetostand___44____inthecoldwind.Inthestore,Iaskedeachofmykidsto__45___somethingtheythoughtour“friend〞therewould___46___.Theygotapples,asandwichandabottleofjuice.Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima___47____.Ithoughtaboutit.Wewere___48__oncashourselves,but…well,sometimes__49___fromourneedinsteadofourabundanceis___50__whatweneedtodo!Allthekids__51____somethingtheycoulddoawaywithfortheweek.Whenwehandedhimthebagof__52__,helitupandthankeduswith___53__eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor__54____hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.Thishasbeenawonderful___55__forourfamily.Fordaysthekidshavebeenlookingforotherswecan__56___!Thingswouldhaveplayedoutso__57____ifIhadsimplysaid,“No,wereallydon’thave___58___togivemore.〞Steppingoutnotonlyhelpedabrotherin__59___,italsogavemykidsthe__60____tasteofhelpingothers.It’llgoalongwaywiththem.41.A.Lost B.Changed C.Quit D.Finished42.Acondition B.place C.sight D.show43.A.suggestion B.comment C.decision D.call44.A.outside B.proudly C.by D.angrily45.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick46.A.order B.supply C.appreciate D.discover47.A.dollar B.job C.hotmeal D.giftcard48.A.easy B.low C.soft D.loose49.A.giving B.saving C.spending D.begging50.A.yet B.even C.still D.just51.A.declared B.shared C.ignored D.expected52.A.toys B.medicine C.food D.clothes53.A.sleepy B.watery C.curious D.sharp54.A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever55.A.experience B.example C.message D.adventure56.A.relyon B.respect C.learnfrom D.help57.A.suddenly B.vividly C.differently D.perfectly58.A.time B.power C.patience D.money59.A.fear B.love C.need D.memory60.A.strong B.sweet C.strange D.simple文章大意：文章講述了在周末作者帶孩子們?nèi)コ?，在路上看到一個需要幫助的人。在超市里作者和孩子買了許多東西給這個需要幫助的人的故事。41.A。短語loseone’sjob失業(yè)。在路上，我們注意到一個男人握著一張紙，紙上寫到：“失業(yè)，需要養(yǎng)家。〞應(yīng)選A。42.C。sight這里指“場景〞。在這家商店，像這樣的場景并不正常。應(yīng)選C。43.B。makeacommenton對……發(fā)表看法。我10歲的孩子注意到他，并評論說他一定很糟糕。應(yīng)選B。44.A。根據(jù)常識可知是站在外面，故用outside。應(yīng)選A。45.D。pick挑選。在商店里，我要求每一個孩子挑選一些他們認為我們“朋友〞可能會需要的東西。應(yīng)選D。46B。supply提供。這里指商店所能提供的東西。應(yīng)選B。47.D。根據(jù)下文提示可知，我17歲的孩子建議給他一張禮物卡。應(yīng)選D。48.C?？疾槎陶Zbesofton愛上。我們都彼此相親相愛。故先C。49.A。但是有時給予是來自我們自己的需要。應(yīng)選A。50.D。just僅僅，只是。僅僅是我們需要做的。應(yīng)選D。51.D。所有的孩子都期望一些他們能買他們能做的東西。應(yīng)選D。52.C。根據(jù)上文的apples,sandwichandabottleofjuice可知是食物。應(yīng)選C。53.B。watery潮濕的。帶著潮濕的雙眼感謝我們。應(yīng)選B。54.B。動詞need缺少賓語，故用whatever。應(yīng)選B。55.A。experience經(jīng)歷。這對我們家庭是一次極好的經(jīng)歷。應(yīng)選A。56.D。help幫助。多少天來，孩子們一直在尋找我們能夠幫助的其他人。應(yīng)選D。57.C。differently不同地。事情發(fā)生得如此的不同。應(yīng)選C。58.D。money金錢。我們真的不需要給更多的錢。應(yīng)選D。59.C。inneed在危難中。走出去不僅僅幫助在危難中的兄弟。故先C。60.B。sweet甜的。也給予我孩子們幫助他人的甜頭。第II卷第三局部英語知識運用〔共兩節(jié)總分值55〕閱讀下面材料，用不多于1個單詞的正確形式填空Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI__61__(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours__62__,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__63_(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.I’dskippednea