高三英語高考復習：unit 2同位語從句

語法精解(一)1.同位語theAppositive同位語是句子成分的一種,它位于名詞、代詞后面,說明它們的性質和情況,它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞性短語或從句充當。.同位語的表現形式有以下幾種：(1)名詞Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.(2)代詞Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.(3)數詞Sheistheoldestamongthemsix..(4)從句Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.他告訴我飛機爆炸的消息。(5)由suchas,thatis引導Somesubjects,suchasmathsandphysics,areverydifficulttolearn.某些學科,例如數學和物理,是很難學的。.(6)由of引導ThecityofBeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000.自從2000年以來,北京市發(fā)生了很大的變化。.(7)由or引導Thefreezingtemperature,orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.結冰溫度即冰點,是水在常壓下結冰時的溫度。.一.指出下例句子劃線部分是什么句` 子成份。1.ThereisgoingtobeaChinesefilmtonight.()2.SheistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.()配套練習(一)表語謂語.3.Herwishistobecomeateacher.()4.He,mybrother,managedtofinishtheworkintime.()5.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.()表語同位語狀語.6.WefounditimportanttolearnEnglish.()7.Doyouhaveanythingelsetowash?()8.Tobehonest,yourwritingisn’tsogood.()形式賓語定語插入語.9.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyourname?()10.Theynoticedamanenterthe room.()間接賓語、直接賓語賓語補足語.1.Myperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn’treachtherequiredstandard,___,Ifailed.A.intheendB.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime二.單項填空。C.2.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,___Iwillalwaystreasure.(NMET2002)A.thatB.oneC.itD.whatB.1.OnmywayhomeImetanoldfriendofmy.2.Theypaidnoattentiontothedoctor’sadvicetheyshouldstopsmoking.第二個my改為mine在they前加that三.單句改錯.2.同位語從句theAppositiveclause(1)同位語從句的定義在復合句中用作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句是名詞性從句的一種。它在句中起同位語的作用。語法精解(二).它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名詞的后面,對前面的名詞作進一步的解釋,說明前面名詞的具體含義。引導同位語從句的詞有連詞that,連接副詞how,when,where,whether,

what等。.e.g.Thehope

thathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.

Theproblem

whetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoidea

whenhewillcomeback..同位語從句有時被別的詞把它和名詞隔開：注意:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon..⑵同位語從句的表現形式:①由that引導Thefactthatyouhaven’tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.Thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet..ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists..②由whether引導Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.③由when引導Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo..⑶有時可用namely(即),thatistosay(也就是說),inotherwords(換句話說),thatis(那就是),forexample等引出同位語,說明其前面的名詞或代詞。有時同位語直接跟在名詞或代詞的后面。.Hetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topracticemore.AltogetherDollyhadlivedforsixyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep..⑷同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別:同位語從句與定語從句在使用中常常混淆,我們可以從以下幾個方面區(qū)別它們:①同位語從句說明的名詞大都是抽象名詞;定語從句所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞有抽象的也有不抽象的。.②同位語從句所說明的名詞與從句沒有邏輯關系；

定語從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。.③同位語從句主要由連接詞that引導,有時也可用when,where,who,whether等引導;

定語從句由關系代詞或關系副詞引導。Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn?.④引導同位語從句的連詞不可省略;引導定語從句的關系代詞作賓語時常可省略。Thenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue.Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting..⑤同位語從句與先行詞一般可變成一個完整句子,謂語動詞用be的不同形式。Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€表語從句:Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon..區(qū)別下列句子哪些是同位語從句,哪些是定語從句。1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreepartsisknowntomany.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.3.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.同位語從句定語從句同位語從句.36.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.(2004春季上海)

A.whichB.that

C.whatD.whether答案B。這是一個同位語從句,解釋promise的具體內容,要用that引導。高考題.37.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt______acureforAIDSwillbefound.(05廣東卷)A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether38.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary_________hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.（05浙江卷） A．who B．that C．asD．which.39.Doris'successliesinthefact___sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.(06年上海

春招）A.which B.that C.when D.why40.Doyouhaveanyidea________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?（05遼寧卷）A．that B．what C．as D．which

.41.There’safeelinginme___we’llneverknowwhataUFOis–notever.(2002年上海)A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what解析:答案A。同位語從句thatwe’llneverknowwhataUFOis–notever作afeeling的同位語，解釋afeeling的具體內容。that連接同位語從句時，只起連接作用，不作從句的任何成分。.42.Informationhasbeenputforward___moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.(2001年上海)A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as解析：答案B。That引導從句作information的同位語，解釋information的具體內容。.43.Astorygoes_____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that44._____isnopossibility_____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.(2001上海春）A.There…thatB.It…thatC.There…whetherD.It…whether..9、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:51:35AM11、以我獨沈久，愧君相見頻。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、故人江海別，幾度隔山川。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、他鄉(xiāng)生白發(fā)，舊國見青山。。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、行動出成果，工作出財富。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317、做前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點的射線向前。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/119、沒有失敗，只有暫時停止成功！。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、很多事情努力了未必有結果，但是不努力卻什么改變也沒有。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:51:35AM11、成功就是日復一日那一點點小小努力的積累。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、世間成事，不求其絕對圓滿，留一份不足，可得無限完美。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、不知香積寺，數里入云峰。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、意志堅強的人能把世界放在手中像泥塊一樣任意揉捏。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、楚塞三湘接，荊門九派通。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、少年十五二十時，步行奪得胡馬騎。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317