英語基礎寫作教案

一各司其職的句子成分寫作運用探究句子由多個部分構(gòu)成，這些組成部分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、補語、表語和同位語等。明確句子各部分的功用就能最大限度地減少病句的出現(xiàn)。一、主語主語是說明謂語所表示的動作或狀態(tài)的執(zhí)行者，通常由名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、動詞不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句等充當。Whatimpressesusmostareyourartskills，inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.②Planningisgoodasitdecidesindetailhowwedo.【即時演練】完成句子1．________________isaboutthebookdonationfromourschooltoyourChineseclass.我打算告訴你的是關于我們學校向你們中文班贈書之事。2．Sometimes________________canmeangettingmore.有時放棄一些東西可能意味著得到的更多。3．________________isthesecondthingyoushouldlearn.如何與別人友好相處是你應該學會的第二件事。二、謂語謂語用來描述主語的行為動作、狀態(tài)或特征，只能由動詞(短語)充當，有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。①I'mapplyingforapart－timejobataforeigncompanyinmycityduringthesummervacation.Oncewewerelefttodecidewhethertohaveapicnicinaparkorgotoamuseum.【即時演練】完成句子4．I________________toapplyforthepositionasastudentvolunteer.我在寫信申請擔任學生志愿者這個職位。5．Halfanhourlater，I________________tofindtherightanswer.半小時后，我設法找到了正確答案。6．Aftermanytimesoffailure，I________________atlast.失敗多次之后，我終于成功了。三、賓語賓語是動作的對象或承受者，通常位于及物動詞和介詞的后面。賓語通常由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語和從句等充當。Asforourclass，wedecidedtotakefulladvantageofwastematerials.②Iknowyoutakegoodpicturesandyou'vealwayswantedtodosomethingforenvironmentalprotection.【即時演練】完成句子7．Suddenlyhethoughtof________________beforesettingout.他突然想在啟程之前再看看這座城市的美景。8．Firstofall，Ithink________veryimportant________________.首先，我認為在國外多交朋友是非常重要的。四、定語定語是用來描述名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的，常和名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語?？梢杂米鞫ㄕZ的有：形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等。①Thethemeoftheshowisenvironmentalprotection.②Ihavewrittenmyapplicationletterandmyresume，whichareenclosedintheattachment.③Thisisawell－knownstoryfromanancientChineseidiom.【即時演練】完成句子9．Finally，Iwouldliketoaskafewquestionsabouthispersonallife，________________.最后，我要問一些關于他個人生活的問題，這一定很有趣。10．You'veintroducedtwoways________________.你介紹了兩種分享書籍的方法。五、狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子的成分叫狀語。常由副詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、獨立主格和從句等充當。Ifit'sconvenientforyou，let'smeetat8：30outsidetheschoolgate.Whenthecraftsmancameintotheclassroom，wegavehimawarmwelcome.【即時演練】完成句子11．Afteraweek'strip，hereturnedhome，________________________.旅行了一周后，他回到了家，感到很累但很高興。12．________________，myclassmatesandIdiscusseditandcameupwithasuggestionandlaterreportedtotheheadmaster.為了解決這個問題，我和同學們進行了討論，想出了一個建議并匯報給了校長。六、補足語補足語用來補充說明賓語或主語的性質(zhì)、多由形容詞、名詞、不定式、分詞和介詞短語等充當。Thisprojectbroadenedourhorizonsandmadeuslearnmanythings.Hopefully，thesebookswillhelpthestudentstoknowandlearnChinesebetter.【即時演練】完成句子13．We'lltryourbesttomakeourcountry________________________.我們將盡全力使我們的國家越來越美麗。14．Therefore，don'tletyourchildren________________.因此，不要讓你的孩子在溫室里成長。15．Hewasonceagainfound________________.有人再次發(fā)現(xiàn)他流浪在城市街頭。七、表語表語與其前的系動詞一起構(gòu)成復合謂語，用來說明主語的特征、類屬、狀態(tài)、身份等?？梢杂米鞅碚Z的有：名詞(短語)、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式(短語)、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等。①WoulditbeconvenientforyouifwegotothebookshopthisSunday？②Althoughtheanswerseemedalittlestrange，nobodybutIdoubtedit.【即時演練】完成句子16．Severalminutespassedbutthewholeclasswas_________________.幾分鐘過去了，但是整個班級一片寂靜。17．Ouraimis________________.我們的目的是幫助他們擺脫困境。八、同位語對句中某一成分作進一步解釋、說明，與該成分在語法上處于同等地位的成分叫做同位語?？梢杂米魍徽Z的有：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語、不定式、動名詞和從句等。①MynameisLiJin，chairmanoftheStudentUnionofourschool.②WearegoingtothelocalnursinghomeforthecomingDoubleNinthFestival，aholidayforustoshowourrespectfortheelderly.【即時演練】完成句子18．ZhangMing，________________，haswonthefirstprize.張明，一位來自中國的中學生，獲得了一等獎。19．Iholdtheopinion__________________________.我認為，我們應該幫助他們克服目前的困難。單句跟蹤演練Ⅰ.分析句子成分\f(Recently,①)eq\f(I,②)eq\f(havecarriedout,③)eq\f(asurvey,④)eq\f(amongthestudentsinourclass.,⑤)\f(Oneday,①)eq\f(someofmystudents,②)eq\f(weretalkingabout,③)eq\f(whatwewouldliketobeinthefuture.,④)\f(Music,①)eq\f(canmake,②)eq\f(ourmind,③)eq\f(inapeacefulstate,④)eq\f(afterawholedayoftiringwork.,⑤)\f(Themeeting,①)eq\f(heldyesterday,②)eq\f(wasimportant.,③)\f(Everyday,①)eq\f(he,②)eq\f(wasforced,③)eq\f(toworkfrommorningtillnight.,④)\f(Word,①)eq\f(came,②)eq\f(thatthemayorwouldpayavisittoourschoolnextweek.,③)Ⅱ.完成句子1．Ourclass________________tomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.我們班提出了更好地利用舊材料的想法。2．Sincethen，math________________，andIhavealsomaderapidprogressinit.從那時起，數(shù)學成了我最喜歡的學科之一，并且我在數(shù)學上也取得了巨大的進步。3．TolearnEnglishwell，weshouldfindopportunities________________.為了學好英語，我們應該盡可能多地找聽英語的機會。4．________________，Ibecamethefocusofthewholeclassandwasfullofgreatprideandconfidence.在那一時刻，我成為全班的焦點，充滿了驕傲和自信。5．Ithink，goodbooksare________________tostudents.我認為好書對學生非常有價值。6．Thesedays,________________arenotuncommon，causingseriousharmtolifeandtheenvironment.最近，違反交通規(guī)則和亂丟垃圾已是司空見慣，給人們的生活和環(huán)境都帶來了嚴重的危害。二簡潔有力的五種基本句型寫作運用探究句子成分構(gòu)成了英語中各種各樣的句子，其實英語中最基本的句式只有五種，其他各種句式都是由這五種基本句式演變而來。五種基本句式如下：eq\x(\a\al(主語＋謂語不及物動詞,主語＋謂語及物動詞＋賓語,主語＋系動詞＋表語,主語＋謂語及物動詞＋間接賓語＋直接賓語,主語＋謂語及物動詞＋賓語＋賓語補足語))一、主語＋謂語(不及物動詞)此句型中的謂語是不及物動詞或相當于不及物動詞的動詞短語。本身句意完整，后面不需要賓語，但可以跟作句子狀語的副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句。①Actionspeakslouderthanwords.②Hardworkpaysoff.【即時演練】完成句子1．We________________.我們站在他身邊，聚精會神地觀看。2．Inordertokeepfit，we________________.為了身體健康，我們應該定期鍛煉。3．Bathedinthesunshine，we________________.沐浴在陽光中，我們高興得歡呼雀躍。二、主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語此句型中的謂語動詞需要用及物動詞，其后必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。①Unfortunately,Ican'tmakeit.②We'llgoandmakedumplingsandcakeswiththeelderlypeoplethere.③Wemayhavedifferentopinionsinorganizingclassactivities.溫馨提示：該句型的謂語動詞應當為及物動詞。如果是不及物動詞，后面要跟介詞才能跟賓語。如：Asanoutgoinggirl，Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.【即時演練】完成句子4．________________________anInternationalHighSchoolStudentPhotographyShow.我們學校的攝影俱樂部即將舉行國際高中學生攝影展。5．Wemay________________todealwithsuchasituation.我們或許有各種不同的方法來處理這種情況。三、主語＋系動詞＋表語此句型也可以稱為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動詞常用系動詞be，表語必須用可以表示主語身份、狀態(tài)的形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式或分詞等來構(gòu)成復合謂語。However，IamnotquitesureofthelanguageandtheformatI'veused.②Suchapositiveattitudetowardslifecanbehelpfulinliftingyourspirits.③ThepurposeofthisprogramistodevelopourinterestinEnglishlearningandpracticeabilitiesinlisteningandspeaking.【即時演練】完成句子6．Inmyopinion，apersonwithoutfriends________________________.在我看來，一個沒有朋友的人永遠不會幸福。7．Inaword，________________.總之，我的生活會越來越豐富多彩。8．Inconclusion，________________tohealththancitylife.總而言之，鄉(xiāng)村生活比城市生活對健康更有利。四、主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語此句型中的謂語動詞比較特殊，必須跟兩個賓語，即指物的直接賓語和指人的間接賓語，句子意思才能表達完整。后跟雙賓語的動詞有：do，give，hand，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，send，show，tell，wish，write，buy，choose，fetch，bring，get，leave，make，order，play，save，sing，spare等。①Onlinevotingmayindeedofferpeoplemoreopportunitiestoparticipateinavarietyofsocialactivitieswithoutexpendingtoomucheffort.②Firstheshowedusthebasicstepsandskillsofmakingdoughfigurines.【即時演練】完成句子9．Twoyearsago，ourteacher________________inclass.兩年前，我們的老師在課堂上為我們提供了一道數(shù)學難題的答案。10．________________onhowtolearnEnglishwell.格林先生將就如何學好英語給我們作一場報告。11．Fortunately，________________tointerview.幸運的是，她答應給我一個重新面試的機會。五、主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語＋賓語補足語此句型中的動詞后跟一個賓語仍然不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個成分來補充說明賓語的情況，才能使句子意思完整。能作賓語補足語的有：名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等。①I'dliketoaskyoutowriteanarticleforourschool'sEnglishnewspaper.②Obviously，agoodlearninghabitcanhelpustospeeduptoreachourdestinations.【即時演練】完成句子12．Iwill________________alltheway.我會一直牢記交通規(guī)則。13．Asahighschoolstudent，I________________.作為一名中學生，我認為數(shù)學是一門非常重要的學科。單句跟蹤演練Ⅰ.判斷下列句子所屬的類型1．Inotherwords，wearethemasterofourownfuture._____________________________________________________________2．ThismorningourteachertoldussomethingabouttheHopeProjectinclass._____________________________________________________________3．Ablindmanwaswalkingslowlyandcarefullywithastickinhishand._____________________________________________________________4．Shouldwesacrificeourchildren'sfutureforourowninterests?_____________________________________________________________5．Friendsmademylifefullofexcitement，imaginationandromance._____________________________________________________________Ⅱ.按要求完成句子1．Nowadaysafter－classactivities________________inhighschools.現(xiàn)在在中學里課外活動正變得越來越普及。(主語＋系動詞＋表語)2．Wehaven'tdecided________________________________.我們尚未決定什么時候再討論這個問題。(主語＋謂語＋賓語)3．Granny________________lastnight.奶奶昨晚給我講了一個有趣的故事。(主語＋謂語＋間接賓語＋直接賓語)4．Everymorningwehearhim________________.每天早上我們都能聽到他大聲朗讀英語。(主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語)5．________________isagoodhabit.早睡早起是個好習慣。(主語＋系動詞＋表語，動名詞作主語)6．________________inmyhometowninthepasttenyears.最近10年，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。(主語＋謂語)7．Youwillfind________________tosomuchknowledge.你會發(fā)現(xiàn)英語是通往如此豐富知識的橋梁。(主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語)8．Ireally________________tohelpmewithmymath.我真的很感謝你過來幫我補習數(shù)學。(主語＋謂語＋賓語，動名詞復合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語)Ⅲ.用簡單句翻譯下列各句，并標出所屬的基本句式1．你已經(jīng)讓我了解了你們美麗的城市。_____________________________________________________________2．我將要告訴你有關我的家鄉(xiāng)江城的一些事情。_____________________________________________________________3．這座城市位于長江沿岸。_____________________________________________________________4．它是一個供人們居住的美麗的地方。_____________________________________________________________5．近十年來它的經(jīng)濟一直在迅猛發(fā)展。_____________________________________________________________6．像污染一樣的新問題正變得越來越嚴重。_____________________________________________________________7．江城應該科學地發(fā)展經(jīng)濟。_____________________________________________________________8．這種發(fā)展應該使得人們越來越幸福。_____________________________________________________________

三層次分明的并列句寫作運用探究由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句并列連接起來的句子叫并列句。并列句的基本句型是：簡單句＋并列連詞/連接副詞＋簡單句。并列句在書面表達中是非常實用的句式之一。并列連詞其他意思相似的并列連詞或副詞表示句子間的關系and此外，而且also，besides，moreover,further－more，notonly...butalso...并列或遞進but但是，然而however，yet，still，while，nevertheless轉(zhuǎn)折，對比for因為/原因or或者，否則otherwise選擇so因此，所以thus，therefore,consequently，accordingly結(jié)果①HereItrulyhopeyouwillcometoChinaagaininthefutureandthenwe'llholdmoreculturalactivities.②Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife，butmayalsothreatenpeople'slives.③MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoingtoanicerplace.④I'dliketoknowtheclasssizeforIpreferasmallclass.⑤Withoutthem，peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.⑥Asamatteroffact，Icameacrosstheprobleminareferencebooktheotherday，soIgatheredmycourage，walkedtotheblackboardandworkeditoutinnotime.【即時演練】根據(jù)語境在空白處填入適當?shù)牟⒘羞B詞1．Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrulesforpeopleto，Iholdapositiveattitudetowardson－linevoting.2．Tovote，________nottovote?Thisisaquestionthattroubleshimverymuch.3．Somechoosetoavoidthem________othersdecidetodealwiththem.4．First，myEnglishisverygood________I'mopen－mindedandwarm－h(huán)earted，________I'mgettingalongwellwitheveryone.5．Itmusthaverainedlastnight，________itiswetallover.并列連詞構(gòu)成的句式1．祈使句/名詞詞組＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句(祈使句相當于一個條件狀語從句，and后面的句子相當于一個表示結(jié)果的主句)Workhardandyouwillsucceed.(＝Ifyouworkhard，youwillsucceed.)(2)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句(名詞詞組相當于一個條件狀語從句，其中常含有more，another等詞)Anothertry，andyou'llachieveasuccess.(3)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句Seizethechance，oryou'llregret.(4)名詞詞組＋or/otherwise＋陳述句Morehealthyfood，oryou'llbreakdownsoonerorlater.2．...when...……這時……(1)sbwasdoingsthwhen...某人正在做某事，這時……LastMonday，IwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIsuddenlysawanoldmanfalloffhisbicycle.(2)sbwasabouttodosthwhen...某人正要做某事，這時……Iwasabouttogiveupwhenmybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.(3)sbhadjustdonesthwhen...某人剛做完某事，這時……Ihadjustfinishedsweepingthefloorwhenthetelephonerang.【即時演練】根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列并列句6．________________Iheardaknockatthedoor.我正在家中寫作業(yè)，這時聽到一陣敲門聲。7．Theprofessor________________whentheelectricityfailedsuddenly.教授的演講剛剛開始這時突然停電了。8．________________thephonerang.他正要動身離開，這時電話鈴響了。單句跟蹤演練Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境在空白處填入適當?shù)牟⒘羞B詞1．IworkedhardatEnglishanddevotedallmysparetimetopracticingit,________Ifailedtopassthemid－termexamination.2．Bydoingso，Ican________sharegoodideaswithothers________learntoexpressmyselfclearly.3．Theboy，beingpoor，couldn'taffordevenacandle,________heboredaholeinthewallto“steal”lightfromhisneighbor'shousetoreadatnight.4．Asaretiredeardoctor，IheartilyrecommendTVEarstopeoplewithnormalhearing________thosewithhearingloss.5．HalfofthegirlschoosefilmandTVstarsastheiridols,________48%oftheboysfavorsportsstars.6．Startoutrightaway,________you'llmissthefirsttrain.7．Standatadistanceoffivemeters________you'llbeabletoseetheoilpaintingbetter.8．About9：00lastnight，Iwasbusypreparingformytomorrow'stest________suddenlyloudnoisescameintomyroom.Ⅱ.用并列句完成句子1．Firstly，asastudent，themostimportantthingistostudy，________________forallofyoutobuildaneffectivemethodinyourstudy.首先，作為一名學生，最重要的是學習，因此你們所有人都有必要在學習中建立一個有效的方式。2．We________________itsuddenlybegantorain.我們正打算動身，突然天下起雨來了。3．________________，andyou'llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.找方法經(jīng)常表揚你的孩子，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會向你敞開心扉。4．It________________，butalsogaveusrelaxationfromourstudy.它不僅給了我們接近大自然的機會，而且能讓我們在學習之余得到放松。5．So，fromnowon，let's________________haveaheart－to－h(huán)eartchatwithourparentsonceinawhile.因此，從現(xiàn)在起，讓我們不要在一些不重要的事情上浪費時間，而要經(jīng)常與我們的父母進行推心置腹的談話。

四富有文采的狀語從句寫作運用探究狀語從句主要包括時間、地點、條件、原因、讓步、比較、方式、目的和結(jié)果狀語從句。一、常見狀語從句的類型及連詞狀語從句連詞時間when，whenever，as，while，(ever)since，before，after，till，until，assoonas，hardly...when...，nosooner...than...，scarcely...when...，eachtime，everytime，thefirsttime，thelasttime，themoment，theminute，thesecond，theday，immediately地點where，wherever條件if，unless，providing/provided(that)，supposing/suppose(that)，given(that)，aslongas，solongas，oncondition(that)，incase，onlyif原因because，as，since，nowthat，seeingthat，consideringthat，inthat讓步though，although，evenif，eventhough，as，while，whatever，whoever，whenever，wherever，however，nomatter＋疑問詞，whether...or...，whether...ornot比較as，than，thesameas，notso...as...，as...as...方式asif，asthough，as目的that，inorderthat，sothat，incase，forfear(that)，lest結(jié)果sothat，so...that...，such...that...，that①IfyoureturntoEngland，we'llmissyouverymuch.②Youknow，Ihaven'tseeneachothersinceheleft.③Youcanwriteanythingrelevantsolongasit'sinterestingandinformative.④Hefeltsohappythathepraisedmeinpublic，sayingthatIwasanintelligentstudent.⑤Besides，IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishthatIamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.⑥Wheneveryouwanttoachievesomethinginlife，therewillbeproblemsofthisorthatkind.⑦Firstly，becausemyspokenEnglishisfluent，IthinkIamverysuitableforthisjob.【即時演練】用狀語從句完成句子1．Atthebeginning，learningEnglishseemed________________Iwantedtogiveupwithouteventrying.起初，學英語看上去那么難以至于我還沒嘗試就想放棄。2．Theywalkedabout30miles________________.他們走了約30英里才看見一個村莊。3．________________，Idon'tthinkit'sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.盡管因特網(wǎng)有很大幫助，但我認為在上面花太多的時間不是好主意。，we'llwaitforyouattheschoolgateat9inthemorning.如果你想?yún)⒓?，我們將于上?點在學校大門口等你。單句跟蹤演練用狀語從句翻譯句子1．如果你對它感興趣，告訴我一聲我會發(fā)給你更多信息。____________________________________________________________________________2．當談及選擇時，我寧愿去旅游。____________________________________________________________________________3．如果方便的話，你可以在上午11點半到機場去接他嗎？____________________________________________________________________________4．無論我做什么，我都會盡力做好。____________________________________________________________________________5．另外，我會告訴他你長得什么樣，以便你們可以容易地找到對方。____________________________________________________________________________6．你讀得越多，寫得就越好。____________________________________________________________________________7．他把名字寫下來以免忘記。____________________________________________________________________________8．只要你堅持下去，就一定會成功。____________________________________________________________________________五彰顯實力的定語從句寫作運用探究在復合句中作定語用來修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句，包括限制性和非限制性定語從句。一、定語從句的類型1．關系代詞引導的定語從句關系代詞who，whom，whose，that，which，as引導的定語從句是寫作的一大重點，尤其是which和as引導的非限制性定語從句在高考標準范文中更是屢見不鮮。①Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.②Tobeginwith，thethemeoftheshowisEnvironmentalProtection，whichwillbenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.③Asonesayinggoes，“Practicemakesperfect.”2．關系副詞引導的定語從句關系副詞引導的定語從句是指when，where，why引導的定語從句。①Duringholidayseasons，Iwillliveinthecountryside，wheretheairisfreshandpeoplearefriendly.②Ithinkthereasonwhyyouarealwaysangrymaybethehighpressureofstudy.③Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.3．“介詞＋which/whom”引導的定語從句①Whatimpressesusmostareyourartskills，inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.②Speakingandlisteningareveryimportantforalanguagelearning，bywhichyouaresuretomakegreatprogress.③Ourclassalsohasproblemsofitsown，ofwhichthemostobviousoneisthestudents'laziness.【即時演練】用適當?shù)年P系詞填空或“介詞＋關系詞”填空1．Those________dosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesociety.2．________weallknow，cleaningstreetsisoneofthehardestwork.3．Finally，Iwouldliketoaskafewquestionsabouthispersonallife,________mustbeveryinteresting.4．Iwillneverforgetthedays________weworkedinthesmalltown.5．ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,________shewenttohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.6．Theseactivitiesaretobeginateightthismorningindifferentplaces,________youwillbebroughtintothen.二、定語從句的寫法定語從句是比較難掌握而又是考生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復雜句，在寫作時可采用“三步法”：第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。第二步：在一個簡單句中找出一個要修飾的詞匯，這個詞在兩個簡單句中都要有。第三步：把另一個簡單句改成定語從句，要特別注意關系詞的選擇。[示例]第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。①TheforeignerisfromCanada.②Hevisitedourclassyesterday.第二步：在句①中找出一個要修飾的詞匯：theforeigner。第三步：用句②充當定語從句，theforeigner為先行詞指人，句②中的代詞he指代theforeigner且在句子中作主語，故用who或that作關系詞。Theforeignerwho/thatvisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.【即時演練】用定語從句將下列每組簡單句合并為一個復合句7．I'vealwayslongedforthewillbeabletobeindependentthen.______________________________________________________________8．Ihaveafatherisanengineer.______________________________________________________________9．Thisisthebestcanbeusedagainstpollution.______________________________________________________________10．Youknow，myuncleLiMingisgoingtothecitytoattendaninternationallivethere.______________________________________________________________11．WealllikeourEnglishhavelearnedalotfromher.______________________________________________________________單句跟蹤演練Ⅰ.單句改錯1．Thosehaveworkexperiencecanfindajobeasily.2．Thisisthefactorywevisiteditlastyear.3．Shehasbeenateacherfor30yearsintheplacewhereusedtobeapoorarea.4．Asachild，Jackstudiedinavillageschool，itisnamedafterhisgrandfather.5．IliveinBeijing，whereisthecapitalofChina.Ⅱ.用定語從句完成句子1．Inourdailylife，wewillhaveourownpointofviewaboutsomething，________________.在我們的日常生活中，我們對某件事情會有自己的不同于他人的觀點。2．________________，ourfriendslendusahelpinghandwhenweneedhelpandtheyhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituations.我們都知道，當我們需要幫助時，我們的朋友會伸出援手，他們會幫我們渡過難關。3．Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandtheplace________________inthatcountry.他談到了他在那個國家所見到的人和所參觀的地方。4．Firstofall，Iwillhaveawarmfamily______________.首先，我將有一個溫暖的家庭，在這個家庭中我們互相愛護、互相關心。5．Asailor________________willneverbecomeanexcellentsailor.沒經(jīng)歷過暴風雨的水手永遠不會成為一名優(yōu)秀的水手。六靈活易用的名詞性從句寫作運用探究名詞性從句是重要的語法項目之一，也是寫作中常用的高級表達之一。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。引導名詞性從句的連詞見下表：類別詞義在從句中的作用連接詞：that無任何詞義僅起連接作用，不作成分連接詞：whether，if是否起連接作用，不作成分連接代詞：what，which，who，whom，whose，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever有各自含義起連接作用，并在從句中充當主語、表語、賓語、定語連接副詞：how，when，why，where，however，whenever，wherever有各自含義起連接作用，并在從句中作狀語一、名詞性從句的種類1．主語從句：在句子中充當句子主語的從句Whoeverisinterestedinmakingsmallinventionscanjoininit.2．表語從句：在句子中起表語作用的從句①ThelastimportantthingyoushouldrememberisthatyouhavetosendthearticletomebeforeJune28th.②Todayiswhatwecanholdandmakeuseof.3．賓語從句：在句子中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語①Hisuncletellshimthatifhiscousinwinsthecompetition，thefamilywillwinanoverseastourforfree.②IfIcouldinterviewhim，Iwouldaskhimwhatmadehimanastronautandhowhewastrained.4．同位語從句：在復合句中充當同位語的從句，用以解釋或說明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容①Thereisnodoubtthateveryoneneedstomaketheircontributiontoenvironmentprotection.②Hemadeapromisethathewouldnevercomelate.【即時演練】根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列名詞性從句1．Iwouldalsoliketoknow____________Ihaveread.我想知道他在太空中的感覺如何以及太空旅游是否像我們讀到的那樣有趣。2．________________dependsmuchontheweather.那架延誤的班機什么時候起飛在很大程度上取決于天氣。3．________________childrentherearebadlyinneedofcareandhelp.毫無疑問，那里的孩子急需關愛和幫助。4．Andwewouldespeciallywelcomearticles________________，andthelifeofAmericanhighschoolstudents.我們特別歡迎關于美國人如何度過節(jié)假日以及美國高中生的生活的文章。5．Ithinkthat________________.我認為幫助父母做家務是我們的職責。二、名詞性從句的寫法在寫作中，如果我們能夠把兩個簡單句合并為一個含有名詞性從句的復合句，或者把一個簡單句擴展成為含有名詞性從句的復合句，對寫作都是一種質(zhì)的升華。名詞性從句在寫作時可采用“三步法”：第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。第二步：讓一個簡單句作從句，要注意和另一個句子的關聯(lián)性。第三步：把兩個句子合成復合句，要特別注意連接詞的選擇和從句的語序。[示例]第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。①Hesaidalotatthemeeting.②Hiswordswereveryattractive.第二步：讓句①作主語從句，可轉(zhuǎn)換為“他在會上所說的話”，即whathesaidatthemeeting。第三步：把句①轉(zhuǎn)換的主語從句和句②連在一起。Whathesaidatthemeetingwasveryattractive.【即時演練】用名詞性從句將下列每組簡單句合并為一個復合句6．Whendidyouentertheroom？Thepolicewantstoknowit.______________________________________________________________7．Thisismyofusaretostartat6o'clocktomorrowmorning.______________________________________________________________8．Shallwegopicnickingtomorrow?Itdependsontheweather.______________________________________________________________9．Ourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthenewsencouragedusallgreatly.______________________________________________________________單句跟蹤演練Ⅰ.用適當?shù)倪B接詞填空1．Listeningandspeakingis________myweaknesslieswhenitcomestoEnglish.2．IfIcouldinterviewhim，Iwouldaskhim________madehimanastronautand________hewastrained.3．________weneedmostarepopularsciencebooks.4．Iamwondering________youcanhelpmesellsome.5．Oneday，sheheardthenews________thesportsmeetingwouldbeheld.Ⅱ.用名詞性從句完成句子1．Thenews________________soonspreadoverthewholeschool.他們贏得比賽的消息很快傳遍了整個學校。2．________________wasthattheyallhadhadprofessionaltraining.使我印象最深的是，他們都經(jīng)過了專業(yè)培訓。3．________________youcangivemesomeadviceonhowtomakefriends.我想知道你能否給我提供一些如何交友的建議。4．____________somepeoplebecomeill____________theydon'ttakeexercise.一些人生病的原因是他們不鍛煉。5．________________aperson'seducationisthemostimportantaspectofhislife.沒有人能否認：教育是人生最重要的一方面。

七提升檔次的非謂語動詞寫作運用探究眾所周知，作文中出現(xiàn)過多的簡單句會讓人覺得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關系顯得松散；而文章中過多地出現(xiàn)復合句又顯得累贅，讀起來費勁。恰當?shù)剡\用非謂語動詞不僅使句型多樣，而且使習作結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。一、非謂語動詞的分類1．不定式①I'msorrytosaythatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.②Weshouldtakepainstoimproveourselvesthroughlearningandgetpreparedforthefuture.2．動名詞①Doingthesamesportsontheplaygroundgivesustheopportunitytopromoteourfriendship.②Questioningcanleadtosearchingforananswer.3．現(xiàn)在分詞Inthepicture，wecanseeaboyinwornclothes，sittingatashabbywoodentablewithapileofbooksonit.4．過去分詞①Itcarriesarticleswrittenbyforeignfriendsabouttheculturesoftheirhomecountries.②Comparedwiththeescapeddriver，IamproudofwhatIdid.【即時演練】完成句子1．_____________，weareallfilledwithjoyandcheer.聽說你將成為我們的一名新成員，我們心里充滿了興奮和快樂。2．Anothersuggestionis________________.還有一項建議是練習說的能力。3．Hopefully，thesebookswillhelpthestudents________________.讓人滿懷希望的是，這些書籍將有助于學生更好地了解和學習漢語。4．________________yourtemperinthiswaycanavoidhurtingothers.用這種方式釋放自己的情緒能避免傷害別人。5．________________，wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow.天氣允許的話，我們明天去郊游。二、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句寫作時，我們可以利用非謂語動詞對兩個簡單句進行轉(zhuǎn)換，使其成為較高級的表達方式。轉(zhuǎn)換時可采用“三步法”：第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。第二步：找準兩個簡單句的對接點，讓一個句子作為主干，另一個句子用非謂語動詞進行改寫。第三步：判斷應用何種非謂語動詞，把握好時態(tài)和語態(tài)，最后連接起來。[示例]第一步：寫出兩個簡單句。①Inthenewspaperofourschoolthereisacolumncalled“ForeignCulture”．②ItaimstointroduceAmericancustomsandthelifeofhighschoolstudents.第二步：讓句①作主句，用非謂語動詞改寫句②。第三步：讓句②作定語，由于其動詞aim與主語it之間為主謂關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語。Inthenewspaperofourschoolthereisacolumncalled“ForeignCulture”，aimingtointroduceAmericancustomsandthelifeofhighschoolstudents.【即時演練】用非謂語動詞進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換6．AllthepeoplehereliketheiswrittenbyTom.(用過去分詞作定語)→__________________________________________________________________________7．Theboycametoschoollatemadetheteacherveryangry.(用動名詞作主語)→__________________________________________________________________________8．Theboysweremakingthemostofwantedtofinishtheworkearlier.(用不定式作目的狀語)→__________________________________________________________________________三、運用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換復合句用非謂語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換復合句比轉(zhuǎn)換簡單句要容易一些，因為需轉(zhuǎn)換的一般是從句部分，這時只需要判斷用何種非謂語動詞，再把握好時態(tài)和語態(tài)即可，所以只需兩步。[示例]第一步：寫出復合句。Sinceyouhaverealizedthatyourtimeislimited，you'llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.第二步：把since引導的原因狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語動詞，realize與you之間為主謂關系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語。Havingrealizedthatyourtimeislimited，you'llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.【即時演練】用非謂語動詞進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換9．Whenwearefacedwithdifficulties，weneedfriendstogiveuscomfortandhelp.→________________，weneedfriendstogiveuscomfortandhelp.10．WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher，Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→________________，Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.11．Afterwehadpracticedplayingbasketballforalmosttwomonths，westronglydesiredtobethewinner.→________________，westronglydesiredtobethewinner.單句跟蹤演練用非謂語動詞進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Weweretouchedbytheteacher'sdecidedtoworkhard.→__________________________________________________________________________2．Ifeelquitesorryforbegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.→__________________________________________________________________________3．BecauseIwasamazedathowskillfultheywere，Ideterminedtobejustasgood.→__________________________________________________________________________4．BecauseIhadpaidavisittotheplace，Iwillgosomewhereelsethisyeartospendmysummervacation.→__________________________________________________________________________5．Asthesocietydevelopsrapidly，it'snecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishandcomputer.→__________________________________________________________________________

八吸引眼球的高級詞匯與復雜句式（一）寫作運用探究寫作時，如果僅局限在把內(nèi)容交代清楚這一層次，只選用一些普通的詞，或一律使用簡單句平鋪直敘，那么習作就會顯得呆板、單調(diào)，沒有可讀性。要想寫出高分作文，不僅要把要求表述清楚，而且還要嘗試使用高級詞匯與復雜句式。如能運用恰當，哪怕只用上一、兩處，也會為習作增添色彩，給閱卷老師留下深刻的印象。一、運用高級詞匯三原則1．標新立異恰當?shù)厥褂靡恍┨N含感情色彩或其他考生不容易想到的高級詞匯，會彰顯自己的水平。①I'llthankyouifyouthinkaboutmysuggestion.→I'llappreciateitifyoutakemysuggestionintoconsideration.②Ireceivedyouremaillastweek，butIambusypreparingformyfinalexam，whichisimportantforme，soIdidn'treplytoyouwithoutdelay.→Ireceivedyouremaillastweek，butIambusypreparingformyfinalexam，whichisvitalforme，soIdidn'treplytoyouwithoutdelay.③Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.→Theplanturnedouttobeafailure.④We'lltryourbesttoimprovethew