高二英語非謂語動詞教案

(word圓滿版)高二英語非謂語動詞講課方案(word圓滿版)高二英語非謂語動詞講課方案(word圓滿版)高二英語非謂語動詞講課方案

非謂語動詞

動詞的非謂語形式有三種：不定式、動名詞和分詞。

一、不定式：

Itishardformetodothework.作主語

Hewantstospeakatthemeeting.作賓語

Ihavealotofworktodo.作定語

Heaskedmetofinishitintime.作賓補

Myjobistohelpthepatient.作表語

Heistooyoungtogotoschool.作結(jié)果狀語

Weweresurprisedtofindhimthere.作原由狀語

Hespokeloudlytomakeherselfheard.作目的狀語

Hewenttohishome,onlytofindhewasout.猜想之外的結(jié)果

特色1）不定式短語做主語時，常常放在謂語今后，用

it

作形式主語，（例

1）

2）不定式作賓語，假如還帶有賓語補足語，常常把不定式賓語放在賓補今后，

而用

it

作

形式賓語，請看下句：IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.3)不定式作賓補，在feel,hear,listento,lookto,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make

詞后的補足語，不定式不帶to,但這些句子變?yōu)楸粍訕?gòu)造就必然帶to.

二、動名詞：

等

動名詞形式由“動詞+ing”組成，擁有動詞和名詞的性質(zhì)，在句中起名詞作用，可作主語，表語，賓語和定語。請看例句：

1）Collectinginformation(采集信息）isveryimportanttobusinessmen.作主語

2)Itisnousearguingwithhim.(與他爭辯）作主語

3）Shefinishedreadingthebook(看完這本書）yesterday.作賓語

Hehasareadingroom.(書齋）作定語特色：

1.在itisnouse/good,noanyuse/good,useless等后須用動名詞作主語，泛指抽象動作.

在finish,mind,enjoy,pactise,avoid,imagine,consider,feellike,keep,prevent,risk,suggest

等詞后，必然用動詞的ing形式。

在forget,goon,like,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等動詞可帶動名詞或不定式作賓語，但意義上有差別，請看以下句型：

1）我記得讀過這本書.

Irememberreadingthebook.(指過去的動作）

Imustremembertoreadthebook.(指未來的動作）

2）我要想法提升我的英語口語。I’lltrytoimprovemyspokenEnglish.

叩門沒人答應(yīng)，試著敲后門。Tryknockingatthebackdoorifnobodyhearsyouatthefrontdoor.

3)不要發(fā)言。Stoptalking.

他停下來發(fā)言。Hestoppedtotalk.

4)我沒打算損害你。Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.

錯過這班車意味著再等一個小時。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.

4.動名詞和不定式構(gòu)造在乎義上差別：

動名詞形式表示一般習(xí)慣，抽象見解，或已成過去的動作，不定式表示的常常是詳細的或特定的動作，也可表示此刻或未來的動作。

Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指玩火）

Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.(指一詳細動作）

It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.指抽象動作

Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnouse.詳細動作

Hehasforgottenseeingmebefore.指已成過去的動作

ImustremembertoremindJohnthatthegardenneedswatering指未來的動作三、分詞：此刻分詞

和過去分詞

1．分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。

此刻分詞：1）有一般式和達成時，一般式即主句和從句謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生。

2）達成時（having+過去分詞）表示的動作在主句謂語動詞所表示的動作以前發(fā)生。

Whenhewasastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.

Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.

Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewenttobed.

Havingdonehishomework,hewenttobed.

當(dāng)句子的主語是分詞動作的承受者時，分詞用被動語態(tài)，假如要重申分詞的動作先于謂語動作，就用動詞達成時的被動形式。

Thequestionwhichisbeingdiscussedisimportant.

Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportant.

Ashehadbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.

Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.過去分詞：過去分詞表示在謂語動詞以前發(fā)生的動作，沒有達成式。

自己有被動的含義，因此只有一般式，

2.分詞的用法：

1.作定語：站在窗旁的那個男人是我們的老師。

Themanstandingatthewindowisourteacher.

被污染的空氣河水對人體有害。

Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.

請注意：假如此刻分詞作定語時，表示動作正在進行或與謂語動詞所表示的動作幾乎同時發(fā)生。假如兩個動詞有先后，一般不可以用此刻分詞作定語，而用定語從句。

Theteachercriticizedthestudentwhohadbrokenthewindow.

作狀語:

1)Whilehewasreadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

SinceIamastudent,Imuststudyhard.

Beingastudent,Imuststudyhard.

Aswewerenotsatisfiedwiththeresult,wedecidedtodotheexperimentagain.

Notsatisfiedwiththeresult,wedecidedtodotheexperimentagain.

3)Iftimepermits,Iwillfinishanotherlesson.

Timepermitting,Iwillfinishanotherlesson.

Ifheisallowed,hewouldeatallthefoodinthehouse.

Ifallowed,hewouldeatallthefoodinthehouse.

4)Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.（說談笑笑）

Heenteredtheroom,followedbyhisgirlfriend(后邊隨著女朋友）．

作賓補:

Wesawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.（做實驗）

I’veneverheardthesongsunginEnglish.(用英語唱）

作表語：

Thenewsisinspiring（令人激勵）

Heissurprised.(他很驚訝)

特色：

1.分詞短語作狀語,其邏輯主語須與句子的主語一致.

2.表示時間關(guān)系的分詞短語有時可由連詞while或when指引。

有時“with(without)+名詞（或代詞賓格）+分詞的構(gòu)造表示陪伴情況的獨立主格構(gòu)造。eg.1)Withhishomeworkfinishedaheadoftime,hebegantoplaycomputer.

Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.

分詞短語作狀語時，若句子主語不是它的邏輯主語（即兩邊主語不一致）平常在它前面加上它的主語，組成獨立主格構(gòu)造。

Allmymoneystolen,Ihadtowalkwithoutbuyinganything.

Timepermitting,（時間贊同的話）Iwillfinishanotherlesson

主語賓語表語定語狀語賓語補足語

動名詞

分詞

不定式

EXERCISES：

不定式作賓補

1.Theywouldnotallowhim___A___acrossthe

enemyline.

A.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing

ask,tell,invite,force,get,beg,allow,help,wishwant,like,hate,prefer,expect,encourage,advise,persuade,instruct,permit,request,order,warn.cause,urge等等動詞后可接不定式作賓補。

2.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister

_A___,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.

A.cry,tocryB.crying,cryingC.cry,cryD.tocry,cry使役動詞make,let只接不帶to的不定式作賓補。

Letmedoitforyou.

3.Asyou’veneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeone_B____youtheway.

A.toshowB.showC.showingD.showed

IhadmyTVsetrepairedyesterday.

Don’thavehimwaitingintherainforsolong.

4.---Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?

---I’dliketohavethispackage_D__,madam.

A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed

5.It’sverycold.Let’smakeafire__B_____ourselves.

A.warmB.towarmC.warmingD.warmed

6.Ihaveasuggestion__C__atthemeeting.

A.putforwardB.puttingforwardC.toputforwardD.tobeputforward

have(有),make(“做”等非使役意義)時接帶to的不定式作定語或目的狀語

7.InAustralia,hemadealotoffriends__B___averypracticalknowledgeoftheEnglish

language.

A.getB.togetC.gettingD.got

8.I’mgoingtoShanghainextweek.Haveyouanything__D___toyourparents?A.tobuyB.tobeboughtC.totakeD.tobetaken9.Themissingboywaslastseen__A___neartheriver.

A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay

10.Theboywhowascaught_B____intheexaminationwillbepunishedbytheteacher.

A.CheatB.cheating.C.tocheatD.cheated

11.Thestrangeryousaw__B___withabigtravellingbagstayedinRoom104yesterday.

A．tocomeinB.comeinC.hascomeinD.whocamein1)感官動詞，

2）“以致”動詞have,get,keep,leave

12.Whenhewasaboy,heusedtogothereandwatched___C___.

A.bicyclesrepairedB.bicyclestoberepaired

C.bicyclesbeingrepairedD.torepairbicycles

13.Whodidtheteacherhave__C____anarticleforthewallnewspaperjustnow?

A.writtenB.writingC.writeD.towrite

注意這一構(gòu)造的活用。

Isawthebikebeingrepaired.

Isawthebikerepaired.

Weoftenheardthesongbeingsung.

不定式作狀語

14.InordertoimproveEnglish,______.

A.Jenny’sfatherboughtheralotoftapes

B.Jennyboughtalotoftapesforherself

C.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny.

D.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny’sfather

不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語平常是句子的主語。

1>I’llwritedownhistelephonenumberinordertocallhimwhennecessary.

2>Inordernottobelate,wetookataxiinsteadofabus.

3>Shelivedtobeover100.

4>Shewasnotoldenoughtounderstandallthat.

5>WeareproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina.

15.Weshouldpreventpollution__B___happily.

A.fromlivingB.toliveC.livingD.toliving

16.I’mexaminingthecompositionhehasjustfinished__A___thepossiblemistakesinit.

A.tocorrectB.correctC.correctedD.correcting

17.Thedaywelookforwardto__C___atlast.

A.comeB.comingC.cameD.tocome

名

18.Idon’tmind_C____bybus,butIhate_____inqueues.

A.traveling;standB.totravel;tostandC.traveling;tostandD.traveling;tostanding

19.----WhendidyougotoShanghai?

------Iremember_B____therewhenIwasachild.

A.havingtakenB.havingbeentakenC.tobetakenD.taken

20.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed__C_.

A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch

21.__C___tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.

A.ExposeB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed

22.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_C___acrosstheAtlanticOceanin15days.

A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed

名的復(fù)合構(gòu)：名的主+名

Mary’scomplainingannoyedhim.

Idon’tmindhimcoming.

23.Whatworriedtheboywas_B____tovisithisfatherinthehospital.

A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowed.

C.hisbeingnotallowedD.havingnotbeenallowed

分

Thefirsttextbooks__A_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguage,wereproducedinthe16thcentury.

A.writtenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.havingwritten

25.Thisisoneoftheproblems_D___atthemeetingatpresent.

A.discussedB.dis