2022屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)點(diǎn)撥專題02高考閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解題

細(xì)節(jié)理解題目錄toc\o"1-3"\h\u四．閱讀理解—細(xì)節(jié)理解題 14.1【命題方式】 14.2【解題技巧】 14.3【正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)】 24.4【錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)】 3四．閱讀理解—細(xì)節(jié)理解題4.1【命題方式】單項(xiàng)細(xì)節(jié)題:題干定位theauthorstarteddrawingagainin1995because________.thebatteryoftheauthor’scarwasdeadbecause________.whatdoesthewriterpaytheleastattentionto?whichofthefollowingmapsshowtherightwayto…?多項(xiàng)細(xì)節(jié)題:選項(xiàng)定位allofthefollowingaretrueexcept________.whichofthefollowingstatementistrue/nottrue？4.2【解題技巧】1.找題干或選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞——定位2.定三句——原句、前句、后句3.分析選項(xiàng)特征：同義替換是答案；證明中心是答案；全面大于片面?！绢}干定位原那么：原詞定位；近義詞定位；同義轉(zhuǎn)換〔用不同方式表達(dá)相同或相似內(nèi)容〕定位】1.whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?原文：itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreadingmainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.2.whatdoestheauthorthinkisasurprise?原文：theonlywonderisthatsomanystatesinsistonclosingtheirearstothemessage.3.whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?原文：sailingintothewindisnotpossible.ifyoutry,thesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop.youmaywanttogointhatdirection.itispossible,butyoucan’tgoinastraightline.youmustgofirstinonedirectionandtheninanother.thisiscalledtacking.whenyouaretacking,youmustalwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat4.whatisaproblemwithcyberschools?原文：someeducatorssaycyberschoolsreceivemoneythatshouldsupporttraditionalpublicschools.theyalsosayitisdifficulttoknowifstudentsarelearningwell.5.billwassuspectedofbeinginfectedwithhivafter.原文:thedoctorsuspectedthathehadbeeninfectedwithhiv,thevirusthatleadstoaids.6.whatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtocarducci?原文：heexplains.“thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.〞4.3【正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)】對(duì)應(yīng)文章原詞；對(duì)應(yīng)文章近義詞；對(duì)應(yīng)同義轉(zhuǎn)換〔用不同方式表達(dá)相同或相似內(nèi)容〕1.cyberschoolsaregettingpopularbecameb.theirstudentscanworkattheirownspeed原文：othereducatorspraisethisnewformofeducationforlettingstudentsworkattheirownspeed.2.whatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheu.s.?a.love. b.politeness. c.joy. d.thankfulness.原文：forexample,inamericanculture(文化)thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.yetitalsohasotheruses.3.whatdoweknowabouthenryfordfromparagraph1?a.hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.

原文：whathenryforddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.4.whichofthefollowingistrueofthesquirrelbridge?c.itwasrebuiltafteryearsofuse 原文：repairsweremade5.whatwasthepurposeofedinburghfestivalatthebeginning?a.tobringeuropetogetheragain. b.tohonorheroesofworldwarii.c.tointroduceyoungtheatregroups. d.toattractgreatartistsfromeurope.原文： in1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanaustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinedinburgh.theideawastoreuniteeuropeafterthesecondworldwar.4.4【錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)】1.張冠李戴d.herentedastorefrontfordeluca.原文：delucarentedastorefront(店面)inconnecticut,2.把未然說成已然c.hewasstudyingattheuniversityofbridgeport.原文：delucawasmanagingthestoreandgoingtotheuniversityofbridgeportatthesametime.3.過度猜測(cè)d.hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.原文：jaekwon,assistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatmu.4.斷章取義c.bymovinghishand.原文：tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.5.與原文意義矛盾a.heneedstogotothedoctoreveryday.原文:thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulin(胰島素)threetimesaday【典例分析】1abouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio(影棚)totakepartinacrowd-scene.althoughour"act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.weallstoodatthefarendofthestudioasworkmenpreparedthescene,settinguptreesattheedgeofawindingpath.verysoon,brightlightswereturnedonandthebigmovie-camerawaswheeledintoposition.thedirectorshoutedsomethingtothecameraoperatorandthenwenttospeaktothetwofamousactorsnearby.sinceitwashotinthestudio,itcameasasurprisetoustoseeoneoftheactorsputonaheavyovercoatandstartwalkingalongthepath.abigfanbeganblowingtinywhitefeathersdownonhim,andsoonthetreeswerecoveredin"snow".twomorefanswereturnedon,anda"strongwind"blewthroughthetrees.thepicturelookedsorealthatitmadeusfeelcold.thenextscenewasacompletecontrast(比照).thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.picturestakenonanislandinthepacificwereshownonaglassscreen.anactorandactressstoodinfrontofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater'sedgeonanisland.byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees,sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm"stars"!1.whoistheauthor?a.acameraman. b.afilmdirector.c.acrowd-sceneactor. d.aworkmanforscenesetting.2.whatmadetheauthorfeelcold?a.theheavysnowfall. b.theman-madescene.c.thelowtemperature. d.thefilmbeingshown.3.whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentioned,inthelastparagraph?a.anewscenewouldbefilmed. b.morestarswouldactinthefilm.c.theauthorwouldleavethestudio. d.thenextscenewouldbeprepared.2manypeoplebelievehenryfordinventedtheautomobile(汽車).buthenryforddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.thatwaselevenyearsaftertwogermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.manypeoplebelievehenryfordinventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.thatisnottrue,either.manyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeford.whathenryforddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter.andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.henryforddecidedtobuildaracingcar.ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.theracewasin1901,atafieldneardetroit.allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:thewintonandford's.thewintonwasfamousforitsspeed.mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.thewintontookanearlylead.buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.fordstartedtogain.andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.fordwontheraceanddefeatedthewinton.hisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewell-knownallovertheunitedstates.withinweeksoftherace,henryfordformedanewautomobilecompany.inthe1903,adoctorindetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.thatsalewasthebeginningofhenryford'sdream.fordsaid:"iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodemengineeringcanproduce.itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone."themodeltwasacarofthatkind.itonlycost$850.itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.doctorsboughtthemodelt.sodidfarmers.evencriminals.theyconsidereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.americanslovedthemodelt.theywrotestoriesandsongsaboutit.thousandsofmodelt'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.1.whatdoweknowabouthenryfordfromparagraph1?a.hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.b.heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.c.heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.d.heinventedtheproductionline.2.whydidhenryfordtakepartinthe1901carrace?a.toshowoffhisdrivingskills.b.todrawpublicattention.c.tolearnaboutnewtechnology.d.toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.3.whatwashenryford'sdreamaccordingtothetext?a.producingcarsforaveragecustomers.b.buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.c.designingmorecarmodels.d.startingmorecompanies.3thecoalitionforthehomelessisanorganizationthatseekstoaddresstheneedsofthehomelesspopulationintheunitedstates.itisanetworkofoffices,someofwhichprovidefoodandhousesforthehomelesspopulation,andsomeofwhichfightforthepassingoflawsthatofovertwohundredmillionpeoplelivingintheunitedstates,uptothreemillionarehomeless—andthenumberisstillgrowing.sincethelate1970s,fastrisinghouseprices,largecutsingovernmentsupportedhousingprograms,andeconomicrecession(經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退)havemadeitimpossibleformanyamericanstomeethousingcosts.sadly,thishasresultedinanumberofpersonsbeingforcedtoleavetheirhomesand/orunabletofindnewaffordablehomes.accordingtoanotherresearch,familieswithchildrenappeartobethefastest-growingpartofthehomelesspopulation,makingup39%ofit.theoldideaofahomelessperson,thatofthesinglemanwhogetsdrunkallthetime,isnolongertrue.amuchlagerpartofthepopulationnowfindsitselfhomeless.evenworse,onceapersonbecomeshomeless,heoftenfindsitimpossibletofindajob,sincemostemployersrequireanyonewhowantsajobfromthemtoprovideahomeaddressonajobapplication.1.homelesspeopleoftenhavedifficultyfindingajobbecause.a.theyhavenohomeaddressesb.theymostlyhaveadrinkingproblemc.theyaren'tsupportedbygovernmentprogramsd.theyoftendon'thaveenoughworkexperience2.whatisthemaincauseoftherisingnumberofthehomelessintheu.s.?a.thepassingofnewhousinglaws.b.thefastgrowthoffamilysize.c.theslowconstructionofhouses.d.theever-risingpriceofhousing.4wheniwassix,dadbroughthomeadogoneday,whowascalled“brownie〞.mybrothersandialllovedbrownieanddiddifferentthingswithher.oreofuswouldwalkher,anotherwouldfeedher,thentherewerebaths,playingcatchandmanyothergames,brownie,inreturn.lovedeachandeveryoneofus.onethingthatmosttouchedmyheartwasthatshewouldgotowhoeverwassickandjustbewiththemwealwaysfeltbetterwhenshewasaround.oneday,asiwasgettingherfood,shechewedup〔咬破〕oneofdad’sshoes,whichhadtobethrownawayintheend.iknewdadwouldbemadandihadtoletherknowwhatshedidwaswrong.whenilookedatherandsaid,“badgirl,〞shelookeddownatthegroundandthenwentandhid.isawatearinhereyes.brownieturnedouttobemorethanjustourfamilypet,shewenteverywherewithus.peoplewouldstopandaskiftheycouldpether.ofcourseshe’dletanyonepether.shewasjustthemostlovabledog.thereweremanytimeswhenwe’dbeoutwalking,andasmallchildwouldcomeoverandpullupherhair.sheneverbarked〔吠〕ortriedtogetaway.funnythingisshewouldsmile.thisfrightenedpeoplebecausetheythoughtshewasshowingherteeth.farfromthetruth,shelovelyeveryone.nowmanyyearshavepassedsincebrowniediedofoldage.istillmissdayswhenshewaswithus.1.whatwouldbrowniedowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?a．lookatthemsadly.b．keepthemcompany.c．playgameswiththem.d．touchthemgently.2.wecaninferfromparagraph2thatbrownie________.a．worldeatanythingwhenhungryb．feltsorryforhermistakec．lovedplayinghide-and-seed．dislikedtheauthor’sdad3.whydoestheauthorsaythatbrowniewasmorethanjustafamilypet?a．shewastreatedasamemberofthefamily.b．sheplayedgameswithanyonesheliked.c．shewaslovedbyeverybodyshemet.d．shewenteverywherewiththefamily.4.somepeoplegotfrightenedbybrowniewhenshe________.a．smiled b．barkedc．rushedtothemd．triedtobefunny5.whichofthefollowingbestdescribesbrownie?a．shyb．polite c．brave d．caring5whenyou’relyingonthewhitesandsofthemexicanriviera,thestresses〔壓力〕oftheworldseemamillionmilesaway.hey,stop!thisisnovacation-youhavetofinishsomething!hereliestheproblemfortravelwriterandfoodcritic〔評(píng)論家〕,ediejarolim“ialwayslovedtravelingandalwayslikedtoeat,butitneveroccurredtomethaticouldmakemoneydoingbothofthosethings,〞jarolimsaid.nowyoucanreadhertraveladviceeverywhereinartsandantiques,inbrides,orinoneofhertherebooks,thecompleteidiot’stravelguidetomexicanbeachresorts.herjobintravelwritingbegansomeeightyearsago.aftergettingaphdinenglishincanada,shetookatestfrommer’stravelguides,passedit,andgotthejob.afterworkingatfrommer’s,jarolimworkedforawhileatroughguidesinlondon,thenfodor’s,whereshefellsoinlovewithadescriptionofthesouthwestoftheu.s.thatshemovedthere.nowasatravelwriter,shespendsone-thirdofheryearontheroad.therestofthetimeisspentcompletinghertasksandwritingreviewsofrestaurantsathomeintucson,arizona.asadventurousasthejobsounds,thehardpartisfact-checkingalltheinformation.sure,it’sgreattowriteaboutatouristattraction,butyou’dbettergetthelocal〔當(dāng)?shù)氐摹砿useumhourscorrectoryoucouldreallyruinsomeone’svacation.1.whichcountrydoesjarolimliveinnow?a．mexico b．theu.s. c．theu.k.d．canada2.whatismostdifficultforjarolim?a．workingindifferentplacestocollectinformationb．checkingallthefactstobewrittenintheguidesc．finishingherworkassoonaspossibled．passingatesttowritetravelguides3.whatdoweknowaboutjarolimfromthetext?a．sheissuccessfulinherjobb．shefindsherlifefullofstressesc．shespendshalfofhertimetravelingd．sheisespeciallyinterestedinmuseums4.whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?a．a(chǎn)dventuresintravelwriting b．workingasafoodcriticc．travelguidesonthemarket d．vacationingforaliving6sha