新風尚大學實用英語第四冊課后練習答案for Unit 1

新風尚大學實用英語第四冊課后練習答案forUnit1新風尚大學實用英語第四冊課后練習答案forUnit1新風尚大學實用英語第四冊課后練習答案forUnit1新風尚大學實用英語第四冊課后練習答案forUnit1編制僅供參考審核批準生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:Unit1SincereFriendshipPassageATheSecretsofMaleFriendshipsBackgroundKnowledgeClintonBillClintonwasbornonAugust19,1946andbecamethe\o"ListofPresidentsoftheUnitedStates"42nd\o"PresidentoftheUnitedStates"PresidentoftheUnitedStatesinfrom1993andlefttheWhiteHouseinto2001.At46hHewasthe\o"ListofUnitedStatesPresidentsbyage"third-youngestpresidentwhenhewonthepresidencyat46.Clintonhasbeeninvolvedinpublicspeakingandhumanitarianwork.Hecreatedthe\o"WilliamJ.ClintonFoundation"WilliamJ.ClintonFoundationtopromoteandaddressinternationalcausessuchastreatmentandpreventionof\o"HIV"HIV/\o"AIDS"AIDSand\o"Globalwarming"globalwarming.In2004,hereleasedhisautobiography\o"MyLife(BillClintonautobiography)"MyLife,andwasinvolvedinhiswifeHillary's\o"HillaryRodhamClintonpresidentialcampaign,2008"2008presidentialcampaignandsubsequentlyinthatofPresident\o"BarackObama"BarackObama.In2009,hewasnamed\o"UnitedNations"UnitedNations\o"SpecialEnvoyoftheSecretary-General"SpecialEnvoyto\o"Haiti"Haiti.Intheaftermathofthe\o"2010Haitiearthquake"2010Haitiearthquake,Clintonteamedwith\o"GeorgeW.Bush"GeorgeW.Bushtoformthe\o"ClintonBushHaitiFund"ClintonBushHaitiFund.GoreAlbertArnoldGorewasthe\o"ListofVicePresidentsoftheUnitedStates"45th\o"VicePresidentoftheUnitedStates"VicePresidentoftheUnitedStatesfrom1993to2001under\o"PresidentoftheUnitedStates"President\o"BillClinton"BillClinton.Heiscurrentlyanauthor,businessperson,and\o"Environmentalism"environmental\o"Activist"activist.BushGeorgeW.Bushisthe43rdPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HewasswornintoofficeonJanuary20,2001,re-electedonNovember2,2004,andsworninforasecondtermonJanuary20,2005.BeforehisPresidency,heservedfor6yearsasGovernoroftheStateofTexas.TomCruiseHeisanAmericanfilmactorandproducer.Hehasbeennominatedforthree\o"AcademyAwards"AcademyAwardsandwonthree\o"GoldenGlobeAward"GoldenGlobeAwards.Hisfirstleadingrolewasthe1983film\o"RiskyBusiness"RiskyBusiness,whichhasbeendescribedas"A\o"GenerationX"GenerationXclassic,andacareer-maker"fortheactor.Afterplayingtheroleofaheroicnavalpilotinthepopularandfinanciallysuccessful1986film\o"TopGun(film)"TopGun,Cruisecontinuedinthisvein,playingasecretagentinaseriesof\o"Mission:Impossible(film)"Mission:Impossibleactionfilmsinthe1990sand2000s.Almosteveryfilmhehasstarredinhasachievedblockbusterstatus,withboxofficerevenuestotaling$100-millionormoreintheU.S.In2006,\o"Forbes"Forbesmagazinerankedhimastheworld'smostpowerfulcelebrity.HollywoodHollywoodstartedasasmalltownintheCaliforniadesert,andbecametheentertainmentcapitaloftheworld.Intheearly20thcentury,filmindustrypioneersdrawntothearea'smildclimate,sunshine,variedterrainandlargelabormarketsetupstudiosinHollywoodandbeganproducingmovies.ThroughouttheGreatDepressionandWorldWarII,HollywoodmoviesprovidedAmericanswithentertainment,distractionandinformation.Whentelevisionemergedasthenextgreatmediaformat,Hollywoodsoonalsobecamethecenteroftelevisionshowproduction.Today,theterm"Hollywood"hasbecomesynonymouswiththeentertainmentindustry,andtheonce-independenttown--nowapartofLosAngeles--isamajortouristdestinationsituationcomedyAsituationcomedyisa\o"Genre"genreof\o"Comedy"comedythatfeaturesrecurringcharactersinacommonenvironmentsuchasahomeorworkplaceandmayberecordedbeforea\o"Studioaudience"studioaudience.Somealsofeaturea\o"Laughtrack"laughtrack.Asituationcomedyhasastorylineandongoingcharactersin,essentially,acomedicdrama.Thesituationisusuallythatofafamily,workplace,oragroupoffriends.AWinningFriendshipTheNewYorkYankeesisateam’snameof\o"Professionalbaseball"professionalbaseballinUSteam.AWinningFriendship，astoryabouttheclosefriendshipofYankeegreatsDerekJeter,MarianoRivera,JorgePosadaandBernieWilliams,wasfeaturedintheOctober2005issueofReader'sDigest.ItwaswrittenbyMollyO'Neill,foodwriterandsisterofformerYankeePaulO'Neill,nowaYankeesbroadcaster.OnNovember4,2009theYankeeswontheir27thWorldSeriestitle.ItwasthefifthchampionshipforJeter,Posada,RiveraandpitcherAndyPettitte.Collectively,theyareknownasthe"corefour".Withtheexceptionofathree-yearstintthattookPettittetoHouston,the"corefour"haveplayedtogetherfor14years.Relatedwebsitesorwebpages/wiki/Yankees/about/presidents/georgewbush///topics/hollywoodTeachingDesignTheStructureoftheTextPartsParagraphsMainIdeaofEachPartPartOneParas1-4Thegrowingphenomenonof“Mandate”PartTwoParas5-13Thereasonsoftherealexistanceofmalefriendshipsphenomenon2.ThewritingstyleofthepassageThisisabeautifulandwell-arrangedessaythattellsusthesecretsofmalefriendships.Fromanewpointofview,theauthordiscussedthegrowingphenomenonof“ManDate”.Thenitiseasierforreaderstounderstandthereasonsoftherealexistanceofmalefriendshipsphenomenonwiththehelpofmanyvividexamples.Moreover,metaphorisemployedintheessayssuitably.Forexample,“Trusthasanage-oldrecipe…”means“Trustcomesfrom…’Theauthorchangestedioustheoryintoplainwords.Readerscannotonlyobtaininformationaboutmalefriendships,butalsolcometoknowearnthesecretsoftruefriendships.3.SuggestionstoTeachingActivitiesWarming-upactivity:Step1:.Everystudentsarerequiredtopreparefortwominutesonthequestion:Whoismybestfriendinthisclass?Step2:Fourvolunteersarechosentotakepartinthegameonebyone.Attheverybeginning,thevolunteertellstheEnglishteacherthenameofhis/herbestfriendsecretly.Step3:EveryvolunteercanintroducehisorherbestfriendinEnglishtotheclassatmostinoneminutewithouttellingclassmateshis/herfriend’snumberorname.Step4:Classmatestrytoguesswhothevolunteer’sbestfriendis.Step5:Whocanfindthecorrectanswermostquicklyisthewinnerandthevolunteerwhomakesotherfindthecorrectanswermostquicklyisthewinner,too.Thepurposeofthisgameistoarousestudents’interestontherelatedtopicofthetextandenhancetheirfriendship.DetailedDiscussionoftheText1.Formuchofthe20thcentury,mostpeoplebelievedthatmenweretoooutoftouchwiththeirfeelingstomakefriends.(Para.1)beoutoftouchwith:tonothavethelatestknowledgeaboutasubject,situation,orthewayofpeoplefeel.不了解（某事）e.g.ManyyoungpeopleareoutoftouchwithBeijingOpera.很多年輕人不了解京劇。Theoldmanhasfewfriendsbecauseheisoutoftouchwithmodernsociety.這位老人的朋友很少，因為他不了解現代社會。Parentsshouldn’tbeoutoftouchwiththeyoungstersandtheirways.家長不應該對年輕人和他們的習慣完全不了解。2.Therewasapredominantfeminineunderstandingoffriendship.(Para.1)femininea.a).characteristicorappropriateoruniquetoawoman女性化的e.g.Mydaughterlovesprettyfemininethings,suchasskirtswithpinkroses.我女兒喜歡非常女性化的東西，比如裝飾了粉紅玫瑰的裙子。b).relatingtobeingfemale女性的，婦女的e.g.TheemergenceofFeminineEconomyfurthersthedevelopmentoffemininetouristmarket.“女性經濟”的出現促進了女性旅游業(yè)的進一步發(fā)展。Thisfilmdescribestherelationshipbetweenmothersandchildrenfromafemininepointofview.這部電影從女性的角度來描述母親和孩子的關系。c.f.masculinea.男性特有的，陽性的3.Iftwomendidn’ttalkonthephoneeverydayandpourouttheirhearts…(Para.2)pouroutone’shearttosb.:totellsomeoneallfeelings,includingmostsecretsones.向某人訴說心里話e.g.MaryandIareclosefriendsandtrusteachother,soIoftenpouroutmyhearttoher.瑪麗和我是親密的朋友，而且互相信任，因此我經常對她訴說心里話。Parentssuggestthatweshouldn’tpouroutourheartstostrangers.父母親建議我們不要向陌生人訴說心里話。Whenyouaresad,you’dbetterpouroutyourhearttoyourreliablefriends.當你悲傷的時候，最好向你靠得住的朋友訴說心里話。4.InApril2005,TheNewYorkTimesusedthephrase“mandate”todescribethegrowingphenomenonofstraightmenhavingdinner,…goingtomuseumsanddoingothernon-sports-relatedactivitiestogether.(Para.3)straightman：a\o"Heterosexual"heterosexualmale,inotherwords,amanisattractedbypeopleoftheoppositesex.異性戀而不是同性戀的男性5.Malefriendshipscantakerootin“thosetransitionalperiodsinourlives…(Para.5)1)takerootin:e.g.a).tobegintogrowinsomewhere生根于Theseplantswillnotrootinsucharidsoil.這些植物不會在這樣干燥的土壤里扎根生長的b).tobegintobeacceptedandbelieved扎根，深入人心Ihopeyourwordsofwisdomwilltakerootintheirminds.我只希望你的真知灼見會在他們的心中扎下根來。Theprejudicesofparentsusuallytakerootintheirchildren.父母的偏見通常深植于子女的頭腦中。2)transitional:a.relatingtoaperiodduringwhichsomething.ischangingfromonestateorformintoanother.過渡的e.g.Environmentalproblemisoneoftheimportantsocialproblemsinthistransitionalperiod.環(huán)境問題是這個過渡時期重要的社會問題之一Tosomedegree,theCommissionisonlyatransitionalorganization.在某種程度上，委員會只是是一種過渡性的組織。6.Theyhadmetonce,becausetheirwiveshadworkedtogether,andtheygotseparatedwithinayearofeachother,bothkeepingpartialcustodyoftheirkids.(Para.6)1)partial:a.a).notcomplete部分的e.g.Thecardrivertookpartialresponsibilityfortheaccident.這位汽車司機承擔事故的部分責任。Carryingoutlawstrictlyisapartialsolutiontoenvironmentalpollution.嚴格執(zhí)法部分地解決了環(huán)境污染的問題。b).likingsomethingverymuch偏愛某物e.g.Accordingtoaninvestigation,alotofgirlsarepartialtoorangejuicesinsteadoforanges.根據一項調查，很多女孩子偏愛桔子果汁而不是桔子。Mostpeoplearepartialtotraditionalfoodsoftheirhometowns.大多數人偏愛家鄉(xiāng)的傳統(tǒng)食品。c)unfairlysupportingonpersonoronegroupagainstanother偏袒的，不公平的e.g.Asweknow,ajudgeshouldnotbepartial.眾所周知，一個法官不應該有所偏袒。2)custody：n.therighttotakecareofachild,giventooneoftheirparentswhentheyhavedivorced.對孩子的監(jiān)護權。e.g.Motherstendtobeawardedjuridicalcustodyofchildreninmanycountries.在很多國家，媽媽往往能獲得孩子法律上的監(jiān)護權。Theseparationagreementalsoincludestermsrelatedtospousalsupport,childsupport,childcustodyandequalizationoffamilynetworthproperty.分居協(xié)議中還規(guī)定了有關如何處理配偶撫養(yǎng)費，子女撫養(yǎng)費，子女撫養(yǎng)權，平分家庭財產等內容。Atlast,thecoupleretainedjointcustodyoftheirbabies.最終這對夫妻繼續(xù)保留對寶寶們的共同監(jiān)護權。7.Friendshipisoneofthemajoravenuesofself-exploration.(Para.7)Paraphrase:Friendshipisoneofthemajorwaysofmakingprogresstowardsindentifyingoneself.avenue:n.a.achoiceorwayofmakingprogresstowardssomething途徑，手段e.g.Theyexploredallkindsofavenuesbutcouldnotfindasolution他們尋求各種途徑,但仍找不到解決辦法。AccordingtoarecentsurveyinGuangzhou，relyingonbankloansisthemainavenueofbuyinghouses.據最近在廣州的一項調查，依靠銀行貸款是購房的主要途徑。b).abroadroadwaylinedwithtrees大道，林蔭道e.g.Mymothersatatthewindowwatchingtheeveninginvadetheavenue.她坐在窗口，凝視著夜幕漸漸籠罩在林蔭道上。

8.Whilemostguysareamiableatwork,veryfewfindtheirclosestfriendsthere,…becausetheydon’tdevelopthetrustthatfriendshipdemands.(Para.8)1)while:conj.inspiteofthefactthat雖然，盡管e.g.WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.雖然我理解你說的話，但是不同意你的想法。Whilehisgrandmaisnotwell-educated,sheisawisewomanandoftenteacheshimhowtoberealman.雖然他的奶奶沒有受過良好的教育，但是她是個聰慧的女性，而且經常教他如何做個真正的人。WhileEnglishisnoteasy,webelievethatmostofuswillhaveagoodcommandofitifwearestudyinghard.所以英語不容易，我們相信只要我們努力學習，大多數人將掌握好它。2)amiable:adj.pleasant;friendlyandeasytolike和藹可親的；親切友好的e.g.AllthestudentsinthisclassliketheirEnglishteacher,anamiableyounglady,verymuch.這個班所有的學生都很非常喜歡他們的英語老師，一位親切友好的年輕女士。Theprofessor’samiableandwittystyleofconversationhasbridgedthegapbetweenmasterandstudents.教授隨和風趣的談吐拉近了大師與學生間的距離。Theyoungmoviestarsaidthathewantedtochooseaprettyandamiablegirlashiswife.這位年輕的影星說他想選擇一位美麗隨和的女孩做妻子。9．Oncetherelationshipisforged,manymenwillcommunicatetheiremotionstoclosefriends.(Para.11)1)once:conj.fromthetimewhensomethinghappens一旦e.g.Onceamanbecomesafather,hebeginstolearnhowtotakeresponsibility.一旦一個男人成為父親，他開始學習如何承擔責任。Onceachildisspoiledbyhisparents,hewillaskformorenexttime.一旦孩子被家長溺愛，他下次就會要更多的東西。Onceweareatthetopofthemountain,wewillforgettroublesandenjoythenature.一旦我們登上山頂，我們將忘記煩惱，享受自然。2)forge:v.a).todevelop(astrongrelationship)建立（穩(wěn)固的關系）e.g.Afterlivingandstudyingtogetherforasummerholiday,pupilsfromtwodifferentcitiesforgebondsofdeepfriendship.在暑假一起生活和學習后，來自兩個不同城市的小學生們建立了深厚的友誼。CountriesinEuropeforgeanalliancetoovercometheglobaleconomiccrisis.在歐洲的國家結盟來克服全球經濟危機。b).toillegalcopysomethingtomakepeoplethinkthatitisreal偽造；假冒e.g.Itisshamefulthatsomepeopleforgediplomasinordertofindajob.一些人為了找工作而偽造文憑，這樣做很無恥。Themanagerisaccusedofforgingofficialdocuments.這位經理被指控偽造了官方文件。Nounitandindividualshallforge,alter,letout,lendorassignthebusinesslicense.任何單位和個人不得偽造、涂改、出租、出借、轉讓營業(yè)執(zhí)照11.Ifafriendshipistoprosper,anyweaknessshownbyoneman…h(huán)astobematchedbytheotherinthesamefashion.(Para.12)prosper:v.tobecomestrongandflourishing;todevelopinasuccessfulway;tobesuccessful,esp.financially健康成長；繁榮，興旺，成功