高中英語數(shù)詞用法+練習(xí)

數(shù)詞數(shù)詞考點(diǎn)大盤點(diǎn)數(shù)詞在高考中雖然不像其它詞類那么 "熱",但也有其考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn) ,須引起同學(xué)們的注意。一、考查基數(shù)詞的用法1.基數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million等表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)，其詞尾不能加-s,其前面可用數(shù)詞或several,some等修飾；當(dāng)表示籠統(tǒng)數(shù)目時(shí)，其詞尾要加-s,可跟of連用淇前不能用數(shù)詞，但可以用several,some等修飾?！驹}再現(xiàn)】 1. peopleintheworldaresendinginformationbye-maileveryday.A.SeveralmillionB.ManymillionsC.SeveralmillionsD.Manymilliondozen和score的用法要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：dozen與數(shù)詞或many,several等連用時(shí)，不加-s所修飾的名詞前常省去 of。如two(many,several)dozenpencils。但是，在adozenofthese/thosepeople,twodozenofthem等短語中應(yīng)加of,這是習(xí)慣用法。twoscoreofpeople中應(yīng)力口of,但在threescoreandtenpeople(70人)中,不力口of。3)表示"幾十許多"時(shí),可使用dozensof;scoresof形式?！驹}再現(xiàn)】 2.Mr.Smith metobuyseveral eggsforthedinnerparty.A.asked;dozenB.suggested;dozensofC.had;dozenD.persuaded;dozens注意年齡、年代的表達(dá)法。 表達(dá) "在某人幾十歲時(shí) "用"inone's+逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù) ";表達(dá)"在幾十年代 "時(shí),用"inthe+逢十的基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù) "?！驹}再現(xiàn)】 3.Itisnotrarein thatpeoplein fiftiesaregoingtouniversityforfurthereducation.A.90s;theB.the90s;/C.90s;theirD.the90s;their二、考查序數(shù)詞的用法序數(shù)詞一般由基數(shù)詞+th構(gòu)成。以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞時(shí) ，先把y變?yōu)閕,再加eth。如twentieth;fiftieth。常用的不規(guī)則的序數(shù)詞有 :first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth。序數(shù)詞前通常要加定冠詞 the,但序數(shù)詞不表示順序而表示 "再一 ;又一"時(shí),前面要用不定冠詞a(an)。【原題再現(xiàn)】 4.Thecakesaredelicious.He'dliketohave thirdonebecause secondoneisrathertoosmall.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a三、考查分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)的用法表示幾分之幾或百分之幾的人或物時(shí)，須在分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)和人或物之間加 of。若充當(dāng)主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)須與 of后的名詞保持一致?！驹}再現(xiàn)】 5. ofthelandinthatdistrict coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;are四、考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法英語中表達(dá)倍數(shù)常用下列句型 :Aisthree/four...timesthesize/height/length/width...ofB.Aisthree/four...timesasbig/high/long/wide...asB.Aisthree/four...timesbigger/higher/longer/wider...thanB.用times表示倍數(shù)時(shí) ,一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的數(shù) ,表示兩倍常用 twice或double。【原題再現(xiàn)】 6.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch【原題再現(xiàn)】答案.【解析】 million前可用several修飾 ,此時(shí)其后不能加 -s,many不能修飾 million。表達(dá) "幾百萬"也可用millionsof。答案為A。TOC\o"1-5"\h\z.【解析】dozen前有具體數(shù)字或some,several等修飾時(shí)要用單數(shù)形式；have作使役動(dòng)詞時(shí),應(yīng)該用省略 to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。答案為 A。.【解析】根據(jù)題意 ,第一空應(yīng)表示 "年代 ";第二空表示 "在50多歲的時(shí)候 "。答案為 D。.【解析】從句意可知第一空表示"再一"，應(yīng)填a;第二空表示順序"第二"，應(yīng)填the。答案為C。5【解析】. "五分之二 "應(yīng)為"twofifths";land是不可數(shù)名詞 ,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式答案為 C。.【解析】倍數(shù)應(yīng)位于 as...as結(jié)構(gòu)之外。答案為 D。例題解析.Whattimeisitnow? Itis .A.elevenandthirty B．eleventhirtyC.thirtyeleven D．eleven—thirty解析 :考查英語中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法。 在英語中， 時(shí)間用基數(shù)詞表示，先讀“時(shí)”，再讀“分” ，：30讀作eleventhirty，還可以表示為 halfpasteleven。答案B2.Shehasbeenskatingfor ．A.threeandahalfyears B．threeandhalfayearC．threeandahalfyear D．threeyearsandhalf解析 :考查“三年半” ，表達(dá)方法?！叭臧搿庇袃煞N表達(dá)方法：threeandahalfyears或threeyearsandahalf,故選項(xiàng)A正確。答案A．Ihavetowritea compositioneveryotherweek．A.six-hundred-wordsB．six-hundreds—wordsC.six-hundreds—wordD．six-hundred—word考查整“百”的表示方法及名詞做修飾語時(shí)用單數(shù)的規(guī)則。 數(shù)詞hundred做定語時(shí)不加 “s”，即“幾百”用“基數(shù)詞+hundred'’表示。另外，此題中的“六百字”應(yīng)看做一個(gè)整體來修飾名詞composition，所以要加連字符 “--”，且word用單數(shù)形式。由此可見， 選項(xiàng)D正確。答案D．Thehallcanhold people．A. fivehundredandfiftyfive B．fivehundredfifty-fiveC．fivehundredandfifty-five D．fivehundredsandfiftyfiveTOC\o"1-5"\h\z考查數(shù)字的讀法。“幾十幾”的數(shù)字，構(gòu)成是先說“幾十”再說“幾”，中間用連字符“一” 。百位和十位之間用 and連接，百位不能加“ s”．所以選項(xiàng) C正確。答案 C.Thereareeightclassesinourgrade．I'min .A.GradeThree，ClassTwoB.ClassTwo，GradeThreeC.gradethree，classtwoD．classtwo，gradethree解析 :考查基數(shù)詞的用法。 “幾年級(jí)幾班” ，用“名詞 +基數(shù)詞”表示，此時(shí)作為專有名詞必須大寫。英文的排列順序是“先小后大” ，即“先讀班級(jí)后讀年級(jí)” ，所以選項(xiàng) B正確。答案 B6.1990sisreadinEnglishas ．A.twentyninth B．twentyninthsC.nineteennineties D．nineteenninety解析 :考查年代的讀法。 1990s代表“20世紀(jì)90年代”，按正常的讀法，年代分“前兩位”和“后兩位” 。本題前兩位是 “19”，即nineteen；后兩位是“90”，因?yàn)橛?s，所以用nineties．因此選擇選項(xiàng) C。答案C．Wearegoingtolearn nextweek．A.LessonFourB．LessonFourth C．FourthLessonFourth D．theLesson解析:考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的不同表達(dá)方法。 “第幾課”可用“Lesson理數(shù)詞”表示，也可用“定冠詞the+序數(shù)詞+Lesson''表示，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。答案A.Helefthishometown.A.whenhethirtiesB.inthethirtiesC.inhisthirties D.atthirties解析:考查基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的特殊用法。根據(jù)句意“他三十多歲時(shí)離開了家鄉(xiāng)” ，不具體說明“幾十幾歲”時(shí)用整“十”的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示， 所以“他三十多歲時(shí)”用inhisthirties表示。答案C.Thenumber2,548isreadas.twothousandsandfivehundredsandfortyandeighttwothousand,fivehundredandforty-eighttwothousand,fivehundreds,fortyeightfivehundredandfivehundredandforty-eight解析:考查"千"以內(nèi)數(shù)字的讀法?；鶖?shù)詞加 thousand,hundred分別"幾千"、"幾百"，先讀“千位”，再讀“百位”它們之間一般用逗號(hào)分開；然后加and，最后加“幾十幾”。答案：B.Everyfouryears,peoplewatchtheOlympicGames.A.millionof B.millionsofC.towmillionsD.towmillionsof解析:考查數(shù)詞名詞化的用法。數(shù)詞當(dāng)名詞用時(shí)，其后跟“of短語”，這時(shí)數(shù)詞加“s”不表示具確切的數(shù)字而表示多的概念， millionsof意為"數(shù)百萬”。.CountrieslikeItaly,SpainandArgentinahavestrongfootballtraditionsandfans.A.hundredof;thousandof B.severalhundredsof;severalthousandsofC.severalhundreds;severalthousandsD.hundredsof;thousandsof解析:考查數(shù)詞用作名詞的用法。hundredsof意為"數(shù)百"，thousandsof意為"成千上萬”，hundred各thousand用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但前面不加數(shù)量詞， B正確。答案：B.Somechampions,likethegolferTigerWoods,makeayear.A.billionsdollarsB.billionsofdollarsC.billiondollars D.billionsofdollar解析:考查billionsof修飾名詞時(shí)的規(guī)則。 billionsof意思是"上億"、"數(shù)億"，不表明具體：數(shù)量，它后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 答案B.HowcanIgettotheSummerPalace? willtakeyouthere.A.332No.Bus B.No.332BusC.BusNo.332D.Bus332No.解析:考查基數(shù)詞與名詞連用的方法。 “332路公共汽車”作為專有名詞時(shí)要倒裝且大寫，即BusNo.332,也可寫成theNo.332Bus,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。答案C.Outsidepeopleweresellingdollsformorethantheprice.A.fivetime B.fivetimesC.thefifthtimeD.fifthtimes解析:考查“倍數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法。time當(dāng)“時(shí)間”講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞； times作“倍數(shù)”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，表示“多少倍”用“基數(shù)詞 +times"。根據(jù)句意“外面的人們正在以高出原來五倍的價(jià)格出售玩具”可知，選項(xiàng)B正確。答案BbirthdayIgotanewwatch.A.InmytenB.OnmytenC.Inmytenth D.Onmytenth解析:考查序數(shù)詞及表示時(shí)間的介詞的用法。 “第幾個(gè)生日”要用序數(shù)詞表示。另外，在“某一天”用介詞on,所以“在我第十個(gè)生日那天”是onmytenthbirthday。答案DWhenisyourbirthday,Jeff?Mybirthdayis A.JanuarythethirtiethB.JanuarythirtyC.ThirtyofJanuary D.ThirtiethofJanuary解析:考查日期的讀法。讀日期時(shí)一般是“月份加序數(shù)詞” ，20?90中“整十”的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí)是將y變?yōu)閕e,再加th,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。答案Anourclassofthestudentsgirls.A.three-fifth;are B.three—fifth;isC.three-fifths;areD.three-fifths;is解析:考查分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法及主謂一致的規(guī)則。分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法為：分子讀基數(shù)詞，分母讀序數(shù)詞；分子是二或二以上的數(shù)時(shí)分母加“ s”。分?jǐn)?shù)做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式取決于它所代表的量。本題是“五分之三的學(xué)生”，故謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用 are。答案CThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.onOctoberthefirst,1949B.inOctoberthefirst,1949C.on1949Octoberone D.inOctoberone,1949解析:考查年、月、日的表達(dá)方法。英文中年、月、日的順序是“月、日、年”，“日”用序數(shù)詞，與“日期”連用時(shí)介詞用 on,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。答案AIn1850.aboutwascoveredbyforestintheUSA.A.thirdB.thethirdC.athirdD.athirds解析:考查分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法。"三分之一”可以讀成 one-third或athird,因?yàn)榉肿邮恰耙弧?所以分母不必加“s”，因此選擇Co 答案Coftheworkersinthisfactoryisaboutthreehundred.ofthemarewomenworkers.A.Anumber;Three-fourthThenumber;ThreequartersA.Anumber;Three-fourthAnumber;Three-fourthsD.Thenumber;Three-fours解析:考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方法及 thenumberof與anumberof的區(qū)別。thenumberof指“的數(shù)量”，它做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式； anumberof意思是“許多”、“若干”，它做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。"四分之三”有兩種表達(dá)法：three-fourths或threequarterso由此可見，選項(xiàng)B正確。答案BIthinkthatthecenturywillbringusmorehopes.A.twenty-one B.twentieth-oneC.twentieth-firstD.twenty-first解析:考查序數(shù)詞“第幾十幾”的表示方法?！?1世紀(jì)”用序數(shù)詞表示。“第幾十幾”只把“個(gè)位數(shù)”變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，“十位數(shù)”用基數(shù)詞，所以選擇選項(xiàng) Do答案DMylittlebrotherwasborninA.nineteeneighty-five B.onenineeightfive C.nineteeneightyfiveD.nineteeneighty-fifth解析:考查年代的讀法。讀年代時(shí)要用基數(shù)詞，前兩位放在一起連讀，后兩位放在一起連讀。如1874年，讀作eighteenseventy-four。答案ATherearemonthsinayear,monthisFebruary.A.twelve;twoB.twelve;secondC.twelve;thesecondD.twelfth;thesecond解析:考查基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的用法?！耙荒曛杏?2個(gè)月”中的"12''用基數(shù)詞。“第二個(gè)月”是February,"第二"用序數(shù)"第一"、"第二"、"第三”是first,second,thirdo序數(shù)詞前往往在加the,故選項(xiàng)C正確。答案CIliveinatallbuildingandIlivefloor.A.intwelfth B.onthetwelfthC.intwelve D.onthetwelve解析:考查序數(shù)詞及介詞的用法。 “住在第幾層”用序數(shù)詞，介詞用on,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。答案B booksmustbeproducedfortheyoung.A.ManythousandsofB.MuchthousandC.ManythousandofD.Thousandof解析:考查數(shù)詞名詞化的短語的用法。 thousandsof意思是“成千上萬”，它前面還可以加一些修飾語，如many,some等，故本題選A項(xiàng)。答案A數(shù)詞練習(xí)一、選擇題Wearegoingtolearn nextweek.A.LessonTwelveB.LessonTwelfthC.TwelfthLessonD.TheLessonTwelfthAbout oftheworkersinthatsteelworksareyoungpeople.A.third-fifths B.three-fifths C.three-fives D.three-fifthThefarmerhasraised of of onhisfarm.A.hundred;head;cattle B.hundreds;head;cattleC.hundred;heads;cattle D.hundreds;heads;cattlesTwo diedofcoldlastwinter.A.hundredsoldpeople B.hundredoldpeopleC.hundredsoldpeoples D.hundredoldpeoplesTheheroofthestoryisanartistinhis .A.thirtieth B.thirtyC.thirty'sD.thirtiesShortlyaftertheaccident，two policeweresenttothespottokeeporder.A.dozenof B.dozensC.dozenD.dozensofHedidit ittookme.A.one-thirdatimeB.one-thirdtimeC.theone-thirdtimeD.one-thirdthetimeWiththehelpoftheGermanexperts,thefactoryproduced carsin1993astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanyastwice.C.astwiceasmanyD.twiceasmanyMr.Smith metobuyseveral eggsforthedinner.A.asked,dozen.B.suggested,dozensof.C.had,dozen.D.persuaded,dozensPaperproducedeveryyearis theworld’sproductionofvehicles.A.thethreetimesweightof B.threetimestheweightofC.asthreetimesheavyas D.threetimesasheavierasItisnotrarein thatpeoplein fiftiesaregoingtouniversityforfurthereducation.A.90s,theB.the90s,/C.90s,theirD.the90s,their ofthelandinthatdistrict coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,areAsaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge ofdesert coveredtheland.A.number,hasB.quantity,hasC.number,haveD.quantity,have peopleintheworldaresendinginformationbyE-maileveryday.A.SeveralmillionB.ManymillionsC.SeveralmillionsD.ManymillionAmericanseat vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasmanyManystudentssignedupforthe raceinthesportsmeetingtobeheldnextweek．A．800-meter-longB．800-meters-longC．800meterlengthD．800meterslengthHedidit ittookme.A.one-thirdatimeB.one-thirdtimeC.theone-thirdtimeD.one-thirdthetime二、用適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)詞填空Therearemonthsinayear,（第二）monthisFebruary,（第四）monthis,（第五）monthis,（第八）monthis,（第九）monthis,（第十二）monthis。TheChangjiangRiveris（第一長(zhǎng)）riverinChina.Thereareonly（二十八天）inFebruary.ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded（1949年10月1日）.ChristmasDaycomes