高中必考英語語法

高中必考英語語法(可打印)高中必考英語語法(可打印)高中必考英語語法(可打印)高考必考英語語法一.句子成分（一）句子成分的定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。（二）主語：主語是一個句子所表達(dá)的主體，一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句（當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或神情動詞后邊。WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代詞）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtohealth.（動名詞）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主語從句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（三）謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動作或擁有的特色和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語此后。謂語的構(gòu)成以下：1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構(gòu)成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由神情動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如：Wearestudents.（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特色和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）此后。Hishobby（愛好）isplayingfootball.（動名詞）Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介詞短語）1Timeisup.Classisover.（副詞）（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后邊。Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（動名詞短語）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（賓語從句）賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），比方：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.（2）復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)），比方：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）賓語補(bǔ)足語：補(bǔ)充說明賓語的特色或狀態(tài)的。Wesawherenteringtheroom.（現(xiàn)在分詞）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介詞短語）（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容詞）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分詞）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短語）（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特色的句子成分，叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示：Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副詞及副詞性詞組）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介詞短語）Heisproudtohavepassedtheexamination.（不定式短語）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分詞短語）（九）同位語：用來說明也許講解同一事物或人，平時放在所說明的名詞也許代詞此后。可由以下形式表示：Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother's.2Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody．★即時訓(xùn)練：指出以下句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?15.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.Henoticedamanentertheroom.Theapplestastedsweet.3二.英語句子分類一）句子種類兩種分類法、按句子的用途可分四種：1）陳述句（必定、否定）：Heissixyearsold;Shedidn’thearofyoubefore.2）疑問句（一般、特別、選擇、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,can’tshe?3）祈使句：Becareful,boys;Don’ttalkinclass4）惋惜句：Howclevertheboyis!、按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：1）簡單句：只有一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.并列句：由并列連詞（and,but,or等）或分號（；）把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。）復(fù)合句：含有一個或一個以上從句的句子。復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句）、定語從句和狀語從句等。e.g.TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.三.簡單句的五種基本句型41、主語+系動詞+表語：e.g.Heisastudent.2、主語+謂語（不及物動詞）：e.g.Wework.3、主語+謂語（及物動詞）+賓語：e.g.Henryboughtadictionary.4、主語+謂語+雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.5、主語+謂語+復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.★即時訓(xùn)練：判斷簡單句的五種基本句型。1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.ItisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyouAllofusconsideredhimhonest.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity．Treesturngreenwhenspringcomes.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.Theideasoundsgreat.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.I’llgetmyhaircuttomorrow.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.5四.定語從句講解(1)（一）定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語．定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞此后。．先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。．關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞相關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等。關(guān)系詞平時有以下三個作用：A、引導(dǎo)定語從句；B、代替先行詞；C、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。例如：Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.該句中，whoisshakinghandswithmyfather是定語從句，修飾先行詞theman，“who”是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞，代替先行詞theman，在定語從句中作主語。（二）定語從句的分類定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理史密斯昨年退休了，他從前是我的老師。（非限)Thereissomebodyherewhowantstospeaktoyou這里有人要和你說話(限制性)（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞一覽表6功能用于限制性從句或非限制性從句只用于限制性從句作用代替人代替物代替人或物主語whowhichthat賓語whomwhichthat定語whose(=ofwhose(=ofwhom)which)1．who指人，在定語從句中作主語。YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.昨天我?guī)椭艘晃幻月返睦先?。Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.那就是教我們物理的老師。2．whom指人，在定語從句中做賓語，?？墒÷浴r.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.劉先生就是你們在公共汽車上議論的那個人。LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.李明正是我想要見的男孩。注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho來代替，也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3．Which指物，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，做賓語經(jīng)?？墒÷?。Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.這是他昨天買的鋼筆。Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.他們昨晚看的電影一點(diǎn)意思也沒有。4．that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which.。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時?？墒÷?。7Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?我今天清早看到的那個人在哪兒？Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtomeisverykind.你介紹給我的那個人很友好。Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.春天今后的季節(jié)是夏季。YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.昨天我收到了一封來自澳大利亞的信。*詳盡使用時還要注意以下問題：1、只能使用that,不用which的情況：*1）當(dāng)先行詞是：all,any,much;little;none;anything,everything,nothing或被它們修飾時。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么能夠?yàn)槟阕龅膯?？Allthatcanbedonemustbedone.凡是能做的都必定做。2）當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高等或序數(shù)詞修飾時。比方：Thatisoneofthemostinterestingbooksthataresoldinthebookshop.那是這家書店銷售的最幽默的書之一。Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistogetsomefood.我們該做的第一件事是弄點(diǎn)吃的。*3）當(dāng)先行詞有：theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾時。比方：Mynecklaceisnottheonlythingthat'smissing.我的項(xiàng)鏈不但是拋棄的東西。*4）當(dāng)主句以who或which開頭時，定語從句中引導(dǎo)詞用that,不用which或who，以防備重復(fù)。比方：Whoisthegirlthatiswearingaredcoat?正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是誰？*5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，用that。比方：Thewriterandhisnovelthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutarereallywellknown.8你剛剛談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實(shí)很出名。2、只用which不用that的情況：1)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時；e.g.ThisistheroominwhichLuXunlived.2)非限制性定語從句中；作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能夠省略。e.g.Thatnecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday*3)先行詞自己是that時；e.g.Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime即時訓(xùn)練：Iwilltellhimallyoutoldmeattheball.Theonlythingwecoulddowastowait.ThefirstplacewevisitedwastheGreatWall.Wetalkedaboutthepeopleandthevillagesweremembered.5．Whose平時指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語。Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.我拜會了一個全國出名的科學(xué)家。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一個爸爸當(dāng)醫(yī)生的朋友。Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.我從前住在那幢屋頂已經(jīng)倒塌了的房子里。注意：指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替：Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?9（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句經(jīng)常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.他從前就讀過的學(xué)校很出名。Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtenniswithyesterday.這是我昨天跟他打臺球的男孩?！锛磿r訓(xùn)練：一、請解析一下定語從句：(請劃出定語從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞)Eg.1.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.4.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.二．定語從句易犯錯誤（改錯）1．SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn’tcome．2．Thebookthatyouneeditisinthelibrary．3．Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbepunished．4．Thosewhohasfinishedmaygohome．5．Childreneatalotofsugaroftenhavebadteeth．6．Thekeyopensthebikeismissing．7．Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing．108．IstillrememberthedayonwhenIfirstcametoBeijing．9．Haveyouaskedherforthereasonwhymayexplainherabsence？10．Idon’tbelievethereasonwhyhehasgivenforhisbeinglate．三、用關(guān)系代詞填空：that、which、who、whom、whoseThisistheman__________wantstoseeyou.Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.Thewoman_______________yousawisourgeographyteacher.Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.Iwillneverforgetthedays______wespenttogether.Aclockisamachine______tellspeoplethetime.Adictionaryisabook_____________givesthemeaningtotheword.Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces_____Ihaveevervisited.Isthereanyone____________familyisinBeijing?Shehateseverything_____________ismodern.14.Shewroteabookaboutthepeopleandthings_____________impressedhermostdeeplyduringherstaythere.Heistheonlyperson_____________waspresentatthetime.Thisisthebestcar_____________ismadeinChina.定語從句講解(2)11（一）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1．when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我依舊記得我第一次抵達(dá)這所學(xué)校的那一天。2．where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.上海是我出生的城市。ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.我十年前住的房子已經(jīng)被拆掉了?！羰嵌ㄕZ從句分別修飾point,situation,stage,condition,degree和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種情況中”（前提是從句中缺少狀語）。3.why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語。Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.請告訴我你誤機(jī)的原因。Thereasonwhyhewaspunishedisunknowntous.他受處分的原因我們都不知道。Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.我不知道他今天為什么看上去不快樂。注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句經(jīng)常能夠用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來表示。如：Fromtheyearswhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoprimaryschoolinthecountryhehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.自從他在農(nóng)村讀小學(xué)時，他就已經(jīng)知道長大后要做什么。Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive.他們生活的城市正發(fā)生巨大的變化。Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.他為什么拒絕接受邀請的原因是十分了然的?？偟恼f來,選擇介詞，一是依照從句中動詞或形容詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配，二是依照先行詞和介詞的習(xí)慣12搭配，三是依照句子意思表達(dá)的需要。觀察定語從句中謂語部分的搭配習(xí)慣看定語從句中動詞與介詞的搭配①Thedocumentswhichtheyweresearchinghavebeenrecovered.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_______theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom(2004上海卷)看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配HereferredmetosomereferencebookswhichIamnotveryfamiliar.2.觀察先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣這類考題經(jīng)常要依照詳盡的語境來選擇介詞。如：①I’llneverforgetthedaywhichshesaidgoodbyetome.TheEnglishplay_______mystudentsactedattheNewYear'spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich，觀察依照句意確定介詞①Tom,whomthewindowwasbroken,hasbeencriticizedbyhisteacher.②Iamlookingformyglasses,whichIcan’twatchTVclearly.Intheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m._____timemanypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhich（二）關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，其用法有相同之處，也有不相同之處。詳盡情況是：as和which都能夠在定語從句中做主語或賓語，代表前面整個句子。如：Heishonest,as/whichwecansee.他很誠實(shí)，這一點(diǎn)我們看得出來。2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句能夠放在主句從前、主句此后，甚至還可以夠切割主句。which引導(dǎo)的非限13制性定語從句只可放在主句此后。別的，as經(jīng)常有“正如、正像”的含義。如：Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.眾所周知，中國是發(fā)展中國家。John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.正如你所知，約翰是個出名作家。注意：當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時，關(guān)系詞經(jīng)常只用which。如：Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.湯姆老是遲到，這使得老師很惱火。1.當(dāng)先行詞受such,thesame修飾時，關(guān)系詞常用as。如：I’veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.我從未聽過像他講的這樣的故事。ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.這部詞典跟我上星期拋棄的相同。注意：當(dāng)先行詞受thesame修飾時，有時也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思有差異。如：SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.她穿著她在瑪麗婚禮上穿過的同一條連衣裙。Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.她穿著跟她妹妹所穿的相同的連衣裙。(三)以theway為先行詞的限制性定語從句,并在定語從句中當(dāng)方式狀語時，用inwhich或that引導(dǎo)，而且平時能夠省略。如：Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回答這些問題的方式令人驚詫。Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youlaughather.我不喜歡你沖她的樣子。（四）關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選擇用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句主要看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中的作用（即所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑Ｔ嚤容^：14A.Iknowaplace________wecanhaveapicnic.。Iknowaplace___________isfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.B.Iwillneverforgetthedays__________wespentourholidaystogether.Iwillneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.C.Thisisthereason_________hewasdismissed.這就是他被解雇的原因。Thisisthereason____________heexplainedtomeforhisnotattendingthemeeting.(五)定語從句的其他要點(diǎn)在定語從句的使用中，oneof后邊的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，這個復(fù)數(shù)名詞限制后邊的定語從句的謂語動詞，用復(fù)數(shù)；而在oneof前面theonly時，后邊引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoiselected?Jasperisoneofthosepeoplewhoknowabouttheaccident.*先行詞為time時，若time當(dāng)“次數(shù)“講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句，that能夠省略；若time當(dāng)“一段時間，時代”講時，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when也許介詞at/during+which引導(dǎo)定語從句。如：Thisisthesecondtime__________IhavevisitedtheGreatWall.Therewasatime______________Ihatedtogotoschool.牢固練習(xí)1.Thisisthebestfactory____wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.that2.Isthisthefactory____computersarebuilt?A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inthat3.Pleasepassmethedictionary____coverisred.A.whoseB.itsC.whichD.whichof4.Theman____hasarrived.15A.whomItoldyouB.thatItoldyouC.whomItoldyouabouthimD.Itoldyouabout5.Doyouknowtheperson____wearetalking?A.towhomB.towhoC.whomD.tothat6.Theyvisitedthehouse___thegreatwriterwasborn.A.fromwhereB.inwhichC.whichD.inwhere7.Thecomrade___isspeakingatthemeetingismyteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose8.Heaskedustowatchcarefullyeverything___hedidinclass.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.where9.I’llvisittheprofessortomorrow,_____hewillbebackfromShanghai.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.which10.Theschool___Istudyisanewone.A.onwhichB.atwhereC.onthatD.atwhich11.Chinahasmanyislands,___thelargestisTaiwan.A.inwhichB.atwhichC.whichD.ofwhich12.Thecity____mymothergrewupisnotfarfromhere.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which13.Ourteacherlivesinthehouse____doorfacestothenorth.A.whichB.hisC.thatD.whose14.Doyouknowtheman___yourfathernodded?A.whomB.towhomC.towhoD.aboutwhom15.Wrestlingisasportin___peopleeasilygethurt.16A.thatB.whenC.whichD.what16.Itoldyou____Iknow.A.allthatB.allwhichC.allwhatD.allwhom17.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,one___isLuXun.A.ofwhichB.ofwhomC.ofwhoD.ofthem18.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastyear?A.inwhichB.aroundthatC.whomD.theone19.Isthereanything____Icandoforyou,sir?A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who20.Istillremembertheday____shefirstworethatgreendress.A.whichB.inwhichC.onthatD.onwhich21.Hewroteseveralsongslastyear,andthreeof_____wereverypopularamongyoungpeople.A.themB.whichC.whatD.that22.Doyouremembertheday_____wespent_____climbingMountTailastsummer?A.\;goingB.when;ingoingC.onwhich;goingD.which;togo23.I’llneverforgetthedays____weplayedtogetherinourchildhood.A.whichB.thatC.\D.when24.Thereason_____hewaslatewas_____hegotuptoolate.A.why,thatB.that,whyC.why,becauseD.that,because25.Thereason______hetoldussoundsreasonable.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.forwhich26.Thenews______hehaswonthemedalistrueA.thatB.whichC.\D.what1727.Thenews______hetoldusisnottrue.Whichisnotright?A.thatB.whichC.\D.what28.Thehouse_____havebeenbroken_____toberepaired.A.whichwindows,needsB.whosewindow,needsC.thewindowofit,needD.thewindowsofwhich,needs29.Thechildren____parentsdiedhasjustbeensenttoanorphan’shouse.A.hisB.thatC.whoseD.which30.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents______latethismorning.A.whoisB.whowasC.whoareD.whowere比較練習(xí)：（填空）Theschool_______________heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolin_______________heoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine_______________youaskedfor.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazinefor_______________youasked.We'llgotohearthefamoussinger_______________wehaveoftentalkedabout.We'llgotohearthefamoussingerabout_______________wehaveoftentalked.(7)Thisisthewatch_______________Iamlookingfor.Themanwith_______________youtalkedismyfriend.Theplanein_______________weflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.Helovedhisparentsdeeply;bothof_______________areverykindtohim.(11)Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someof_______________havegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostof_______________arefrombigcities.Iwillneverforgettheday__________Ifirstwenttoschool.18Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.(14).Thehouse__________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.Doyoulikethebook____________shespent$10?Doyoulikethebook____________shepaid$10?Doyoulikethebook____________shelearnedalot?二、直擊高考用合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空。Theweatherwasverysunnythefollowingday,________waswhatweexpected.Themanabout_______youtoldmetheotherdayturnedouttobeathief.Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks________wereborrowedfromtheschoollibrary.Hewrotealotofwell-receivednovels,mostof_______weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.Icannotforgetthetime_________Istayedinthecountrywiththosefarms______isreportedinthenewspaper,thewarbetweenthetwocountrieshascometoastopLuXun,______nameisZhouShuren,wrotelotsofnovelsandessays.Doyoustillrememberthehappydays_______wespenttogetherinBeijing.Hecameouttopintheexam,______madehisfamilyveryhappy.19Isthisthereason_____heislateagain?Idon’tthinkthereason_______heexplainatthemeetingwasreasonable.Thedaysaregone_____physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.Thestudentsaretalkingaboutthestrangepeopleandstories_______theymetintheadventure.14.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.15.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.16.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.17.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake18.Aftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotravelling，turnedouttobeawisedecision.II.單句改錯1.Shebroughtforwardaplanwhichwedidn’tagree.Itiswellknown,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinarecently.Hetalkedofthingsandpersonswhomhehadseenabroad.Youcancometoseemetomorrowmorning,whichIwillbefree.TheplacewhereintereststhechildrenmostisDisneyland.WhenpeopletalkaboutthefamousscenicspotinChina,thefirstonecomesintomindistheGreatWall.DoyouhaveanythingwhichImustdoforyou?Thisistheonlyoneofthebestnovelsthatwerepublishedlastyear.ThisisthemonitorherEnglishisthebestinourclass.Asyouknowit,hehasleftforAustralia.20Themeetingwasputoff,thatwasexactlywhatwewanted.Idon'tlikethewaywhichyoutreatyourmother.Hetoldthegoodnewstothosewhowaspresentatthemeeting.Isthisthepenyourfatherboughtitforyou?Haveyoubeentothecompanywheresheworksthere?MothercamebackonDecember21whenwasmybirthday.IshallneverforgetthedayswhenIspentwithyou.Isthisallwhatyouwanttosay?Helivedinahouse,infrontofitheplantedsomebeautifulflowers.五.名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。所以，名詞性從句廳分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位從句。（一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞1、連接代詞：who,whose,whom,what,which。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)作分，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。2、連接副詞：when,where,why,how。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)作分，作狀語。3、連接詞：that,whether,if,asif。that無詞義，在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)作分，有時可省略；if(whether),asif雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)作分。注意：連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問句，所以從句中謂語不用疑問式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分，連接詞whether和if（可否），asif（好象）在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用。依照句義，若是連接代詞與連接副詞，whether、if和asif都用不上時，才用that作連接詞（that21自己無任何含義）。（二）主語從句、主語從句在復(fù)合句作主語。e.g.Whowillgoisnotimportant.2、用it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末。e.g.Itdoesn’tmattersomuchwhetheryouwillcomeornot.3、that引導(dǎo)主語從句時，不能夠省略。e.g.Thathesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.（三）表語從句、表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語，位于系動詞此后。e.g.Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.2、引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞that有時可省去。e.g.Myideais(that)wecangetmorecomradestohelpinthework.（四）賓語從句1、賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that一般可省略。e.g.Ihope(that)everythingisallright.2、介詞此后的賓語從句，不能用which或if連接，要分別用what或whether。e.g.I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework..I’minterestedinwhatyou’vesaid.3、whether與if都能夠引導(dǎo)賓語從句，常可互換。但下面情況不能夠互換。①賓語從句中的whether與ornot直接連用，就不能夠換成if；不直接連用，可換。e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.Idon’tknowwhether/ifthereportistrueornot.22②介詞后的賓語從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether可與不定式連用。whether也可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句，還可引導(dǎo)退步狀語從句，以上均不能夠換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時，只能用if，而不能夠用whether。e.g.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.（五）同位語從句同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞（如：news,fact,idea,suggestion,promise等）此后，說明該名詞的詳盡內(nèi)容。e.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.即時練習(xí)：一、判斷以下各句哪句含出名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句：Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.Thetruththattheearthturnaroundthesunisknowntoall.Itwassnowingwhenhearrivedatthestation.Howhepersuadedthemanagertochangetheplanisinterestingtousall.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.Thenewsthatyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.ThatiswhereLuXunusedtolive.Hespokeasifheunderstoodwhathewastalkingabout.Doyourememberthe