考研考博-英語-天津師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theyhavehadonlyon

（

）

togainthewealth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.objectivism

B.objection

C.objective

D.objectivity

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析。objectivism客觀主義；objection反對(duì),異議；objective目的,目標(biāo)；objectivity客觀性。句意:他們只有一個(gè)目標(biāo)就是獲得財(cái)富。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

Theintroductionofgunpowdergraduallymadethebowandarrow（）,particularlyinWesternEurope.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscure

B.obsolete

C.optional

D.overlapping

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，朦朧的”；B選項(xiàng)obsolete“淘汰的，廢棄的，過時(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)optional“可選擇的”；D選項(xiàng)overlapping“重疊的”。根據(jù)句意可知，火藥的引入應(yīng)該是使弓箭逐漸被淘汰，所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal（）forlivingexpenses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”；B選項(xiàng)applicable“可適用的，合適的”；C選項(xiàng)advisable“明智的”；D選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的”。句意：一般來說，學(xué)生可用于住房的錢應(yīng)該占全部生活費(fèi)的五分之一。availablefor意為“可用于……的”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Onemoretry,（

）youwillsucceed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.or

B.but

C.so

D.and

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯連詞。or表示選擇關(guān)系，but表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，so常用來連接表示因果關(guān)系的句子，and表示并列關(guān)系。此句中前后句為并列順延的關(guān)系。句意：再試一次，你就會(huì)成功。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

TheBushJuntaisusingthe_______ofHurricaneKatrinatocutthewagesofpeopledesperatelytryingtorebuildtheirlivesandtheircommunities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dismantlement

B.devastation

C.scuttle

D.wreckage

【答案】B

【解析】dismemberment分割，肢解;devastation毀壞；scuttle逃避；wreckage失事。句意：布什政府正利用Katrina颶風(fēng)帶來的破壞，削減那些拼命試圖重建生活和社區(qū)的人們的工資。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

6.單選題

Thecouplehadbeentryingtosatisfyalltheneedsoftheironlykid,whohadbeen（

）formorepocketmoneyallthetime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressing

B.importuning

C.informing

D.improvising

【答案】B

【解析】impress給人印象；importune強(qiáng)求，一再向某人要求；inform告訴，通知；improvise即興創(chuàng)作。句意：這對(duì)夫婦一直試圖滿足他們唯一的孩子的所有需要，而孩子一直在不斷地要求更多的零花錢。選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

7.單選題

Bothtelevisioncommercialsandprogramspresent（）viewofthematerialworld,onewhichpromotesastandardoflivingthatmostofuscanprobablynotattain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.astandardized

B.anunrealistic

C.abetter

D.aninteresting

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)下句“mostofuscanprobablynotattain”可推測，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是不切實(shí)際的，所以選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

8.單選題

Scienceisbasedonexperiment，onawillingnessto（）olddogma,onanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.encounter

B.convert

C.challenge

D.formulate

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。encounter“偶然遇見”；convert“轉(zhuǎn)換”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”；formulate“規(guī)劃”。句意：科學(xué)是基于實(shí)驗(yàn)的，愿意去挑戰(zhàn)老教條，以開放的眼光去探求宇宙的本質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

）,thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.diverting

B.whimsical

C.didactic

D.deceitful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。diverting有趣的，令人快樂的；whimsical古怪的，異想天開的；didactic說教的，教誨的；deceitful欺詐的。句意：盡管趨勢是明顯的說教，但是中世紀(jì)的詩歌經(jīng)常激發(fā)人們想象力，提供生動(dòng)的樂趣以及虔誠的感情。由despite及下文可知空格處所填的單詞與后文意思相反。

10.單選題

Theageofgildedyouth(紈绔子弟)isover.Today’sunder-thirtiesarethefirstgenerationforacenturywhocanexpectalowerlivingstandardthantheirparents.Researchintothelifestylesandprospectsofpeoplewhowerebornsince1970showsthattheyarelikelytofacealifetimeoflongerworkinghours,lowerjobsecurityandhighertaxesthanthepreviousgeneration.Whentheyleaveworklateintheevening,theywillbemorelikelytoreturntoasmallrentedflatthantoahouseoftheirown.When,eventually,theyretire,theirpensionsarefarlowerinrealtermsthanthoseoftheirimmediateforebears.

ThesefindingsarerevealedinastudyofthewayhowtheageingofBritain’spopulationisaffectingdifferentgenerations.AntheaTinker,professorofsocialgerontologyatKing’sCollegeLondon,whocarriedoutmuchofthework,saidthegrowthoftheproportionofpeopleover50hadreversedthetraditionalflowofwealthfromoldertoyoungergenerations.“Today’soldermiddle-agedandelderlyarebecomingthenewwinners.”shesaid,“Theymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintaxbutnowmakerelativelybigclaimsonthewelfaresystem.Generationsborninthelastthreetofourdecadesfacetheprospectofhandingovermorethanathirdoftheirlifetime’searningstocareforthem.”

Thesurgingnumberofolderpeople,manylivingalone,hasalsoincreaseddemandforpropertyandpusheduphouseprices.Whilepreviousgenerationsfounditeasytoraiseamortgage,today’sunder-thirtieshavetolivewiththeirparentsorrent.Iftheycanaffordtobuyahome,itismorelikelytobeaflatthanahouse.LauraLenox-Conyngham,28,grewupinalargehouseandhermotherdidnotneedtowork.Unlikeherwealthyparents,shegraduatedwithstudentandpostgraduateloandebtsof￡13,000.Shenowearnsabout￡20,000ayear,preparingfoodtobephotographedformagazines.Herhomeisaone-bedroomflatincentralLondonandshesubletsthelungesofa-bedtoherbrother.“Myfathertookpityandpaidoffmystudentdebts.”shesaid,“ButIstillhavenopensionandnochanceofbuyingapropertyforatleastacoupleofyears-andthenitwillbesomethingsmallinabadarea.Myonlyhopeisthetraditionaloneofmeetingarichman.”Tinker’sresearchrevealsLenox-Conynghamisrepresentativeofmanyyoungprofessionals,especiallyinLondon,Manchester,EdinburghandBristol.

1.Bysaying“thegrowthoftheproportion…toyoungergenerations”(Para.2),AntheaTinkerreallymeansthat________.

2.Whyaretoday’soldermiddle-agedandelderlybecomingthenewwinners?

3.Whichfactorpushedhouseprices?

4.InwhatwaydoesLauraLenox-Conynghammakeherliving?

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.currentlywealthflowsfromoldgenerationtoyoungergeneration

B.traditionallywealthflowsfromyoungergenerationtooldgeneration

C.withtheincreasinglybigpopulationofover50,thetrendarisesthatwealthflowsfromyoungergenerationtooldgeneration

D.withmoreandmorepeopleofover50,traditionshavebeenreversed

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheycontributedasmallportioninlaxbutenjoymoreonthewelfaresystem.

B.Becausetheycontributedalotintaxandnowcanclaimmuchonthewelfaresystem.

C.Becausetheymadesmallcontributions,butnowcanmakemoneyeasily.

D.Becausetheyoutnumberyoungergenerationandenjoymoreprivilegesinthepresentsociety.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Manyyoungmen,wholivealone,haveincreaseddemandforhouses.

B.Manyyoungmenneedtorentmorehouses.

C.Itiseasytoapplyforamortgagetoryounggeneration.

D.Thenumberofolderpeople,manyofwhomlivealone,becomesbiggerandbigger.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Bytakingphotographsformagazines.

B.Bymarringarichman.

C.Bysublettingtheloungesofa-bedtoherbrother.

D.Bypreparingfoodforphotographsforsomemagazines.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Today’sunder-thirtiesareleadingamiserablelifeinBritain

B.LauraLenox-Conyngham’sattitudetoworkandliferepresentsthatofmanyyoungprofessionalsinBritain

C.Lifecangetharderforunder-thirtiesinBritain

D.EldersenjoyextremelyhighlivingstandardsinBritain

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句AntheaTinker…saidthegrowthoftheproportionofpeopleover50hadreversedthetraditionalflowofwealthfromoldertoyoungergenerations.（AntheaTinker表示，50歲以上人口比例的增長逆轉(zhuǎn)了財(cái)富從老一輩流向年輕一代的傳統(tǒng)趨勢。），可知因?yàn)?0歲以上人口比例的增長，財(cái)富從老一輩流向年輕一代的傳統(tǒng)趨勢被逆轉(zhuǎn)。結(jié)合第一段第三句Researchintothelifestylesandprospectsofpeoplewhowerebornsince1970showsthattheyarelikelytofacealifetimeoflongerworkinghours,lowerjobsecurityandhighertaxesthanthepreviousgeneration.（對(duì)1970年以后出生的人的生活方式和前景的研究表明，與上一代人相比，他們可能終生面臨更長的工作時(shí)間、更低的工作保障和更高的稅收。）和第二段第一句ThesefindingsarerevealedinastudyofthewayhowtheageingofBritain’spopulationisaffectingdifferentgenerations.（一項(xiàng)關(guān)于英國人口老齡化如何影響不同世代的研究揭示了這些發(fā)現(xiàn)。），可知AntheaTinker的研究對(duì)老一代和年輕一代的財(cái)富進(jìn)行對(duì)比，是為了證明人口老齡化讓財(cái)富從年輕一代流向老一代，C選項(xiàng)“隨著50歲以上的人口越來越多，出現(xiàn)了財(cái)富從年輕一代流向老一代的趨勢”正確。A選項(xiàng)“目前財(cái)富從老一代流向年輕一代”和B選項(xiàng)“在傳統(tǒng)上財(cái)富從年輕一代流向老一代”：和文中觀點(diǎn)相反，屬于反向干擾。D選項(xiàng)“隨著50歲以上的人口越來越多，傳統(tǒng)被顛覆了”：文中的重點(diǎn)是人口老齡化對(duì)財(cái)富趨勢的影響，而不是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的改變，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第三、四句“Today’soldermiddle-agedandelderlyarebecomingthenewwinners.”shesaid,“Theymaderelativelysmallcontributionsintaxbutnowmakerelativelybigclaimsonthewelfaresystem.”（“如今的中老年人口正在成為新的贏家?！彼f，“他們繳納的稅款相對(duì)較少，但現(xiàn)在對(duì)福利制度的要求相對(duì)較高?！保?，可知A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄冐暙I(xiàn)得少，但在福利制度上享受更多”正確。B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兝U納了很多稅收，現(xiàn)在可以要求更多的福利制度”：他們沒有繳納很多稅款，屬于反向干擾。C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄冐暙I(xiàn)得少，但現(xiàn)在可以很容易地賺錢”和D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄冊跀?shù)量上超過了年輕一代，在當(dāng)今社會(huì)享有更多的特權(quán)”：文中沒有提到，屬于無中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Thesurgingnumberofolderpeople,manylivingalone,hasalsoincreaseddemandforpropertyandpusheduphouseprices.（老年人數(shù)量的激增，其中許多人獨(dú)自生活，也增加了對(duì)房產(chǎn)的需求，推高了房價(jià)。），可知D選項(xiàng)“老年人的數(shù)量越來越多，其中許多人獨(dú)自生活”正確。A選項(xiàng)“許多獨(dú)自生活的年輕人對(duì)房子的需求增加了”和B選項(xiàng)“許多年輕人需要租更多的房子”：文中說的是老年人而非年輕人對(duì)房子的需求增加，屬于曲解原文。C選項(xiàng)“年輕人很容易申請抵押貸款”：根據(jù)第三段第二句previousgenerationsfounditeasytoraiseamortgage（前幾代人很容易就能拿到抵押貸款），可知是前幾代人而非現(xiàn)在的年輕人很容易申請抵押貸款，與題干中房價(jià)上漲的內(nèi)容無關(guān)，屬于曲解原文和出處錯(cuò)位。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第六句Shenowearnsabout￡20,000ayear,preparingfoodtobephotographedformagazines.（她現(xiàn)在一年能掙2萬英鎊，以為雜志拍照為生。），可知A選項(xiàng)“通過為雜志拍照”正確，D選項(xiàng)“通過為一些雜志拍攝照片而準(zhǔn)備食物”不符合原文意思，屬于曲解原文。B選項(xiàng)“嫁給一個(gè)有錢人”：根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Myonlyhopeisthetraditionaloneofmeetingarichman.（按照傳統(tǒng)，我唯一的希望就是遇到一個(gè)有錢人。），這里指的是她的想法而非謀生方式，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。C選項(xiàng)“把沙發(fā)床轉(zhuǎn)租給她哥哥”：根據(jù)第三段第七句shesubletsthelungesofa-bedtoherbrother（她把沙發(fā)床轉(zhuǎn)租給了她的弟弟），這是她做過的事情，但并不以此為生，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章在第一段第二句提出Today’sunder-thirtiesarethefirstgenerationforacenturywhocanexpectalowerlivingstandardthantheirparents.（如今30歲以下的人是一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來第一代生活水平低于他們父母的人。），隨后通過研究和具體的例子來證明這一點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)“在英國，30歲以下的人的生活可能會(huì)變得更加艱難”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在如今的英國，30歲以下的人過著悲慘的生活”：文中表示30歲以下的人處境更難，但沒有到很悲慘的地步，屬于曲解原文。B選項(xiàng)“LauraLenox-Conyngham對(duì)工作和生活的態(tài)度代表了英國許多年輕專業(yè)人士的態(tài)度”：根據(jù)文章最后一句Tinker’sresearchrevealsLenox-Conynghamisrepresentativeofmanyyoungprofessionals（Tinker的研究表明Lenox-Conyngham是許多年輕專業(yè)人士的代表），文中沒有表明她對(duì)工作和生活的態(tài)度如同其他年輕專業(yè)人士，屬于曲解原文。D選項(xiàng)“在英國，老年人享有極高的生活水平”：文中提到老年人納稅較少，但享受的福利力度較大，但不等于生活水平極高，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thepersonheinterviewedwas（）hisformerschoolmate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nootherthan

B.nomorethan

C.noneotherthan

D.nonetheless

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)nootherthan“不是別的…；正是…”；B選項(xiàng)nomorethan“不過；僅僅”；C選項(xiàng)noneotherthan“不是別的…；正是…”；D選項(xiàng)nonetheless“仍然，還是”。句意：他采訪的人正是他以前的同學(xué)。因此A和C都符合句意，但在現(xiàn)代英語中nootherthan不太常用，且多用于指物，而常用noneotherthan來指人，故本題選C。

12.單選題

Merchantandpassengershipsaregenerallyrequiredtohavealifepreserverforeverypersonaboardandinmanycases,acertainpercentageofsmallersizesforchildren.AccordingtoUnitedStatesrequirements,lifepreserversmustdesign,reversiblecapableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual,andmustbesodesignedastosupportthewearerinthewaterinanuprightorslightlybackwardposition.

Sufficientbuoyancy(浮力)tosupportthewearershouldberetainedbythelifepreserverafter48hoursinthewater,anditshouldbereliableevenafterlongperiodofstorage.Thusitshouldbemadeofmaterialsresistanttosunlight,gasoline,andoils,anditshouldbenoteasilysetonfire.Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupportapersonwhojumpsorfallsintothewateristhemostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.

Themethodofadjustmenttothebodyshouldbesimple,andself-evidenttouninitiatedpersonseveninthedarkundertheconfusedconditions,whichfollowadisaster.Thus,thelifebereversiblethatitisnearlyimpossibletogetitonwrong.Catches,straps,andtiesshouldbekepttoaminimum.Inaddition,thelifepreservermustbeadjustabletothewidevarietyofshapesandsizesofwearers,sincethisgreatlyaffectsthepositionoffloatingandtheself-rightingqualities.Asuitablelifealsobecomfortabletowearatalltimes,inandoutofthewater,notsoheavyastoencouragetotakeitoffonshipboardwhiletheshipisindanger,norsoburdensomethatithindersapersoninthewaterwhiletryingtoswim.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,alifemustbefirstofall（）.

3.UnitedStatesCoastGuarddoesNOTrequirethelifepreservertobemade（）.

4.By“theuninitiatedindividual”(Para.1,Line.4)theauthorreferstotheperson（）.

5.Whatwouldhappenifapersonweresupportedbythelifepreserverinawrongposition?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theusesoflifepreservers

B.thedesignoflifepreservers

C.thematerialsforlifepreservers

D.thebuoyancyoflifepreservers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.adjustable

B.comfortable

C.self-evident

D.self-righting

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.withasfewstringsaspossible

B.capableofbeingwornonbothsides

C.accordingtoeachwearer’ssize

D.comfortableandlighttowear

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.whohasnotbeeninstructedhowtousealifepreserver

B.whohasalittleexperienceinusingalifepreserver

C.whousesalifepreserverwithoutpermission

D.whobecomesnervousbeforeadisaster

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thewaveswouldmovehimbackwards

B.Thewaterwouldhithiseyes

C.Hewouldimmediatelysinktothebottom

D.Hewouldbeexhaustedorunconscious

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。由第一段“AccordingtoUnitedStatesrequirements,lifepreserversmustdesign,reversiblecapableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual'andmustbesodesignedastosupportthewearerinthewaterinanuprightorslightlybackwardposition.根據(jù)美國的要求，救生衣的設(shè)計(jì)必須是可逆的，能夠迅速調(diào)整以適應(yīng)不熟悉的個(gè)人，而且必須設(shè)計(jì)得能夠在水中支撐穿戴者直立或稍微向后的位置?？芍疚闹饕v的是有關(guān)救生衣的設(shè)計(jì)。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupportapersonwhojumpsorfallsintothewateristhemostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.救生衣支撐落水的人的位置是最重要的，即使在穿戴者筋疲力盡或失去意識(shí)的情況下，它也會(huì)使穿戴者在水中從臉朝下的位置轉(zhuǎn)向直立或稍微向后的位置，使他的臉不沾水。”可知救生衣最重要的特征是能夠自動(dòng)扶正的。故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后第一段“Thus,thelifebereversiblethatitisnearlyimpossibletogetitonwrong.Catches,straps,andtiesshouldbekepttoaminimum.Inaddition,thelifepreservermustbeadjustabletothewidevarietyofshapesandsizesofwearers.Asuitablelifealsobecomfortabletowearatalltimes,inandoutofthewater,notsoheavyastoencouragetotakeitoffonshipboardwhiletheshipisindanger,因此救生衣應(yīng)該可以兩面都穿的，這樣的話幾乎不可能穿反。帶子應(yīng)盡可能少。另外救生衣一定要根據(jù)不同穿戴者的體型來調(diào)節(jié)。合適的救生衣應(yīng)該總是穿起來舒適，無論在水里還是在水的外面，并且不能太重以至于船遇到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)會(huì)想要把它脫下來?！笨芍狝BD三項(xiàng)在文中都有提及，故C項(xiàng)不對(duì)。答案選C。

4.詞義題。由第一段“AccordingtoUnitedStatesrequirements,lifepreserversmustdesign,reversiblecapableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual,根據(jù)美國的要求，救生衣必須設(shè)計(jì)出雙面可穿的、不熟悉穿戴的人能夠迅速適應(yīng)的。由該句可推斷該詞的意思為沒穿戴過救生衣的，沒受過訓(xùn)練的人。故A項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第二段“Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupportapersonwhojumpsorfallsintothewateristhemostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.救生衣支撐落水的人的位置是最重要的，即使在穿戴者筋疲力盡或失去意識(shí)的情況下，它也會(huì)使穿戴者在水中從臉朝下的位置轉(zhuǎn)向直立或稍微向后的位置，使他的臉不沾水?！鳖}干中的inawrongposition與文中的face-downposition相對(duì)應(yīng)，故D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

13.單選題

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we（）soformally.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.needn’tdressup

B.didnotneeddressup

C.didnotneedhavedressedup

D.needn’thavedressedup

【答案】D

【解析】句意：原來是一個(gè)小型的家庭聚會(huì)，我們本沒有必要穿得那么正式。Need的否定形式為needn’t，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C。needn’thavedone表示不需要做某事卻做了。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysought,throughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearfulpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassed,someritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeingsandmimedthedesiredeffect——successinhuntorballet,thecoiningrain,therevivalofthesun—asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,ofother-feats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthataretheimitationofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Anappropriatetitleofthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?

3.Whichofthefollowingideasdoesthepassagesupport?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A."TheOriginsofTheater"

B.“TheRoleofRitualinModernDance"

C."TheImportanceofStorytelling"

D."TheWietyofEarlyReligiousActivities"

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Dance.

B.Magic.

C.Music.

D.Costumes.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneissureabouttheoriginoftheater.

B.Mythsweretheultimateoriginofdrama.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdrama.

D.Allreligionscamefromritualactivities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandramadoes.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章前兩段介紹了廣泛為人接受的理論-——戲劇起源于宗教儀式。最后一段還介紹了另外兩種有關(guān)戲劇起源的理論——認(rèn)為戲劇源自人們對(duì)敘述故事的興趣，和認(rèn)為可以將戲劇的起源追溯至舞蹈。故A項(xiàng)“戲劇的起源”比較適合作文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused(認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演化而來的人們還認(rèn)為那些儀式包含了戲劇的基本因素，因?yàn)橐魳?、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎經(jīng)常被使用),因此B項(xiàng)“魔術(shù)”不是戲劇和儀式的基本因素。

3.判斷推理題。A:沒有人能確定戲劇的起源,B:神話是戲劇的最終起源,第一段指出:TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual(有很多關(guān)于古希臘戲劇起源的理論。其中今天最廣泛為人接受的理論是基于戲劇起源于宗教儀式的假設(shè)),由此可知A項(xiàng)正確,B項(xiàng)不正確。C:講故事是戲劇的一個(gè)重要部分,最后一段指出:Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling(另一個(gè)追溯戲劇起源的理論認(rèn)為它來自人們對(duì)敘述故事的興趣),由此可知C項(xiàng)和原文并不相符。D:所有的宗教起源于宗教儀式活動(dòng),文章并未提及。故此題選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第二段指出:此外，還有表演者，因?yàn)樵趦x式的制定中避免犯錯(cuò)誤是相當(dāng)重要的，宗教領(lǐng)袖通常承擔(dān)這個(gè)任務(wù)。他們戴著面具，穿著戲服，經(jīng)常模仿其他人、動(dòng)物或超自然的生物，模仿演員所期望的效果——成功模仿狩獵或芭蕾，無論晴天或雨天。這種戲劇性的表現(xiàn)最終與宗教活動(dòng)分離開來。由此可看出D項(xiàng)“宗教儀式有一個(gè)宗教目的，而戲劇沒有”正確。

15.單選題

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。authored意思為“寫作；編寫”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles（寫了另外11本關(guān)于出售收藏品的書），這里authored搭配books，D選項(xiàng)“寫”比較符合語境，也和authored詞義相近。A選項(xiàng)“是某方面的權(quán)威”，B選項(xiàng)“批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán)”和C選項(xiàng)“放棄權(quán)利”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”（“《垃圾還是寶藏》可以讓你變得富有，”……“這比買彩票好——你不會(huì)因?yàn)閾碛羞@本書而失去什么?！保?，文章寫的是賣廢品為財(cái)富，運(yùn)用這本書的內(nèi)容會(huì)讓人增加財(cái)富，更不會(huì)因?yàn)檫@本書失去什么，所以B選項(xiàng)“你可能花了很多錢買彩票，卻什么也得不到，但是如果你買這本書，總會(huì)得到些什么”正確。A選項(xiàng)“你可能會(huì)失去一張彩票，但不會(huì)失去這本書”，C選項(xiàng)“可能買彩票你來晚了，但是買這本書不會(huì)晚”和D選項(xiàng)“如果你買彩票，可能不會(huì)像他人一樣優(yōu)秀，但是如果你買這本書，就會(huì)和其他人一樣優(yōu)秀”不符合文章內(nèi)容。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.（這就是為什么海曼博士的書是無價(jià)的：它直接把你帶到1200個(gè)專業(yè)買家面前，而他們正在積極地尋找你的灰塵收集器。），這些專家專門收購垃圾，所以D選項(xiàng)“收集垃圾的東西”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“積灰塵的東西”，B選項(xiàng)“受雇幫助清理垃圾的人”和C選項(xiàng)“被雇傭來清空垃圾箱的人”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.（因?yàn)樗粌H告訴你你擁有什么可能有價(jià)值的東西，還告訴你把它賣給誰，他們在哪里，以及如何處理交易。），可知這本書的內(nèi)容有A選項(xiàng)“專業(yè)買家的所在地”，B選項(xiàng)“可能有價(jià)值的東西”和D選項(xiàng)“誰會(huì)買有價(jià)值的收藏品”，C選項(xiàng)“專業(yè)買家什么時(shí)候處理交易”不包含在內(nèi)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。這篇文章介紹了TrashorTreasure這本書，也介紹了這本書的作者和內(nèi)容，而沒有對(duì)這本書的評(píng)價(jià)，所以A選項(xiàng)“書的序言”正確。B選項(xiàng)“書評(píng)”、C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)給的意見”和D選項(xiàng)“廣告”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Yousaidthebookswereontheshelf,but______there.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therewasnoone

B.therewerenone

C.therewerenoones

D.wasnone

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.therewasnoone沒有一個(gè)人B.therewerenone沒有

C.therewerenoones沒有人D.wasnone沒有

【考查點(diǎn)】不定代詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意和前面出現(xiàn)的books，可知后面應(yīng)該用none代詞前面的books，故B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C選項(xiàng)中的one指人們；

D選項(xiàng)句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。

【句意】你說書都在書架上，但是那兒一本都沒有。

17.單選題

MRBROWNTall,attractiveman,single,aged30.Outdoortype,sports-loving.Playsfootball,tennisandsquash.Enjoysswimmingandskiing.Beerdrinker.PEinstructoratboys’school.

MRGREENUnemployed,unmarried,undernourishedEnglishLit.graduate,aged23.Indoortype,plays‘DungeonsandDragons’andanyotherrole-playingadventuregames.Enjoysrockandjazzrecordsandsci-fifilmsandbooks.LivesinLondon.

MRBLACKMaturemanof50,recentlywidowedwithonesonof15.Ownbusinessandhome.Enjoysbridge,Frenchfoodandgoodclaret.Verysociable,likesentertainingandtravel.Citydweller

MRWHITEQuiet,shy,peace-lovingman,aged35.Divorced,non-smoker.Ecologist,livesandworksinthecountry.Enjoyschess,walkingandreading.Likeseighteenth-centuryclassicalmusicanddrywhitewine.Dislikesnoiseandenergeticsports.

1.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoayoungwomanof25whodoesn’tlikelivingintownandwhoenjoysplayingsports?

2.Mr.Blackismostlikelytobeattractedto（）.

3.WhichofthesewomenstudentswouldprobablyfindMr.Greeninteresting?

4.Whichonewouldmostprobablyappealtoawomanof30whousedtobeavolleyballplayerandnowisarefereeofthegame?

5.Whatkindofpublicationmightthesepeopleadvertisein?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.anattractivewidowwhoisveryshy

B.afun-loving,intelligentwoman

C.aprettywomanwhohatestravelling

D.abusinesswomanwhoisastrictvegetarian

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Alawstudentwhoitverylogicalandpractical.

B.Adreamy,romanticmusicstudentwhodislikespopmusic.

C.Anenergetic,sociologystudent,interestedinpolitics.

D.Anamusing,carefreeartstudentwhoisfun-loving.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Mr.Brown.

B.Mr.Black.

C.Mr.Green.

D.Mr.White.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Aqualitydailynewspaper.

B.Abusinessmagazine.

C.Apopularweeklymagazine.

D.Atradejournal.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)MRBROWN的介紹：三十歲，單身，又高又有魅力，性格外向，愛好運(yùn)動(dòng)。這些都符合25歲女性的選擇，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第2題:判斷推理題。文章對(duì)MRBLACK的介紹是這樣的：50歲，喪妻，有一個(gè)15歲的兒子；有自己的公司和家，喜歡橋牌、法國食物和紅酒；善于交際，喜歡娛樂和旅行；城市居民?？梢酝茰y出“聰明有趣的女人”會(huì)吸引他的注意。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第3題:判斷推理題。文章對(duì)MRGREEN的介紹是這樣的：沒有工作，沒有結(jié)婚，英國文學(xué)素養(yǎng)不高的23歲畢業(yè)生；性格內(nèi)向，喜歡玩“龍與地下城”及其他冒險(xiǎn)類游戲；喜歡搖滾和爵士唱片，科幻電影和書籍；居住在倫敦。由此可知和他具有相同愛好的女學(xué)生會(huì)對(duì)他比較感興趣，因此選項(xiàng)D“有趣，無憂無慮，喜歡有趣的東西的藝術(shù)生”符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章對(duì)MRBROWN的介紹中提到他是“男子學(xué)校的體育教練”（PEinstructoratboys’school），與題干中的“avolleyballplayer”以及“arefereeofthegame”很匹配，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。文章是一篇征婚交友啟事，因此刊登在“流星周刊”合適，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.翻譯題

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