考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

IntheITindustry,somethinkofBillGatesasamonsterwhileothers______himasalivinggod.

問題1選項

A.extricate

B.disparage

C.emulate

D.revere

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項extricate“使解脫，解救”，B項disparage“貶低，抨擊，詆毀”，C項emulate“仿真，模仿，盡力趕上”，D項revere“敬畏，尊敬，崇敬”。由while“然而”和asamonster“一個怪物”以及asalivinggod“活著的神”可知，前后語義是相反的，那么空格處填入“尊敬”符合句意。句意：在IT行業(yè)，一些人認為比爾?蓋茨是一個怪物，而另一些人則把他尊為活著的神。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.單選題

Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly(隨機地)assignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihood(可能性)ofconflict.

Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudiceandcompelstudentstoengageinmoreethnicallydiversefriendships.

AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.

InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye—theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor—saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”

Researchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracialstudentsinresidences.Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.

AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.

GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings.“Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshaveinteracted,andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,”shesaid.

AtPenn,studentsarenotaskedtoindicateracewhenapplyingtorhousing.

“Oneofthegreatthingsaboutfreshmanhousingisthat,withsomeexceptions,theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,”saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley.“Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.”

“I’veexperiencedroommateconflictsbetweeninterracialstudentsthathavebothbrokendownstereotypesandreinforcedstereotypes,”saidonePennresidentadvisorRA.TheRAoftwoyearsaddedthatwhilesomeconflicts“providedmoremulticulturalacceptanceandmelding(融合)”,therewerealso“jarringculturalconfrontations”.

TheRAsaidthattheseconflictshavealsooccurredamongroommatesofthesamerace.Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromsomerecentstudies?

2.WhatdoesSamBoakye’sremarkmean?

3.WhatdoestheIndianaUniversitystudyshow?

4.WhatdoesAlecWebleyconsidertobethe“definitionofintegration”?

5.WhatdoesGraceKaosayaboutinterraciallodging?

問題1選項

A.Conflictsbetweenstudentsofdifferentracesareunavoidable.

B.Studentsofdifferentracesareprejudicedagainsteachother.

C.Interraciallodgingdoesmoreharmthangood.

D.Interraciallodgingmayhavediverseoutcomes.

問題2選項

A.Whitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackpeers.

B.Blackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersacademically.

C.Blackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthefreshmanyear.

D.Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertosucceed.

問題3選項

A.Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.

B.Fewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackpeer.

C.Roommatesofdifferentracesjustdon’tgetalong.

D.Assigningstudents’lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodpolicy.

問題4選項

A.Studentsofdifferentracesarerequiredtosharearoom.

B.Interraciallodgingisarrangedbytheschoolforfreshmen.

C.Lodgingisassignedtostudentsofdifferentraceswithoutexception.

D.Theschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtorace.

問題5選項

A.Itisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurtherstudy.

B.Schoolsshouldbecautiouswhenmakingdecisionsaboutstudentlodging.

C.Students’racialbackgroundshouldbeconsideredbeforelodgingisassigned.

D.Experiencedresidentadvisorsshouldbeassignedtohandletheproblems.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomlyassignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihoodofconflict.（最近的一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能會增強包容性，但也可能會增加沖突的幾率。），可知不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能會有好的結(jié)果和不好的結(jié)果，并且沒有強調(diào)更有可能是好的還是不好的結(jié)果，D選項“讓不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能有不同的結(jié)果”正確，A選項“不同種族的學(xué)生之間的沖突不可避免”和C選項“讓不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起弊大于利”錯誤。B選項“不同種族的學(xué)生互相有偏見”：根據(jù)第二段Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudice（最近的報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，與不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能會減少偏見），可知文章表達的重點是偏見可能會減少，而不是強調(diào)偏見的存在。因此D選項正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段blackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.（與白人室友同住的黑人學(xué)生在整個大學(xué)生涯中獲得了更高的學(xué)術(shù)成就。研究人員認為這可能是社會壓力造成的。）和第四段InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye—theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor—saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”（在《紐約時報》的一篇文章中，大學(xué)一年級唯一的黑人學(xué)生Samboakye說：“如果你周圍都是白人，你就得證明自己。”），可知與白人室友同住的黑人學(xué)生更加努力，因此獲得了更高的學(xué)術(shù)成就，D選項“周圍是白人同學(xué)的環(huán)境激勵黑人學(xué)生更加努力地工作以獲得成功”正確。B選項“黑人學(xué)生可以在學(xué)業(yè)上與白人同齡人競爭”：不是表達的重點，故錯誤。A選項“白人學(xué)生往往看不起他們的黑人同學(xué)”和C選項“在大學(xué)一年級期間，黑人學(xué)生在白人同齡人中有些尷尬”：文中沒有提到。因此D選項正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第二句Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.（根據(jù)最近的兩項研究，隨機分配的不同種族的室友更有可能經(jīng)歷緊張的沖突，以至于其中一個室友會搬出去。）和第六段AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.（印第安納大學(xué)的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，到學(xué)期結(jié)束時，不同種族室友不住在一起的可能性是兩個白人室友的三倍。），可知不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起比同種族的學(xué)生住在一起更容易鬧矛盾，但不是一定會鬧矛盾，A選項“不同種族的室友更容易爭吵”正確，C選項“不同種族的室友相處不好”錯誤。B選項“很少有白人學(xué)生喜歡和黑人同學(xué)合住一個房間”：沒有具體提到白人學(xué)生對住宿對象的意向。D選項“隨機分配學(xué)生住宿不是一個好政策”：這里討論的是不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起的相關(guān)情況，而非隨機分配學(xué)生住宿不是一個好政策是否合理。因此A選項正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第九段“theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,”saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley.“Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.”（“這個過程會隨意地把你們聚在一起。”本科生大會主席AlecWebley說，“這就是整合的定義。”），可知這里的“整合”指的是把不同種族的學(xué)生隨機聚在一起，D選項“學(xué)校隨機分配室友，不考慮種族”正確。A選項“不同種族的學(xué)生被要求共享一個房間”和B選項“學(xué)校為新生安排不同種族的室友”：學(xué)校沒有特意規(guī)定和硬性要求，室友都是隨機分配，故錯誤。C選項“對不同種族的學(xué)生一視同仁”：這里的重點不是平等對待所有學(xué)生，給所有學(xué)生同樣的福利或待遇，而是強調(diào)隨機分配室友，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.（Kao說，她告誡不要基于任何一項研究得出一般性結(jié)論，指出需要研究和解釋更多學(xué)生的背景特征。），可知Kao認為需要進行足夠的研究才能給出結(jié)論，A選項“沒有進一步研究就對其進行概括是不科學(xué)的”正確。B選項“學(xué)校在安排學(xué)生住宿時應(yīng)該謹慎”，C選項“在分配住宿之前，應(yīng)該考慮學(xué)生的種族背景”和D選項“應(yīng)該指派有經(jīng)驗的室長來處理這些問題”：文中沒有提到，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

3.填空題

Inthe8thcenturygigakufellintodisfavorbecauseitsfrivolous(愚蠢的)character________theJapaneserulersoftheperiod.(please)

【答案】displeased

【解析】【考查點】動詞。

【解題思路】because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，橫線處為謂語動詞。根據(jù)時間8thcentury，可知句子時態(tài)為一般過去時。這里指的是伎樂愚蠢可笑的特點讓統(tǒng)治者______，因此伎樂不受歡迎，displease的意思為“使惱怒，使生氣，使不悅”，符合語境，其過去式為displeased。

【句意】在8世紀，伎樂因其愚蠢可笑的特點，當(dāng)時的日本統(tǒng)治者聽了不悅，因此不受歡迎。

4.單選題

Britain’sChannelFourtelevisionsenthimtoNewYorktodoa(n)（）interviewforits“TheWord”programme.

問題1選項

A.alive

B.lively

C.live

D.living

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似詞詞義辨析。alive“活著的”；lively“活潑的”；live“實況轉(zhuǎn)播的”；living“活的；現(xiàn)存的”。句意：英國第四頻道電視欄目送他去紐約為他們的“世界”欄目做現(xiàn)場采訪。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Thelightistoo（）formetoread.Icannotstandanymore.

問題1選項

A.rid

B.ripe

C.soup

D.dim

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項rid“得到解脫的”；B選項ripe“熟的，成熟的”；C選項soup“使振作;打扮”；D選項dim“暗淡的，昏暗的”。句意：光線太昏暗我沒法看書。我再也受不了了。根據(jù)后半句句意“我再也受不了了”可知，D符合題意。

6.單選題

TheAfricanelephant—mythicsymbolofacontinent,keystoneofitsecologyandthelargestlandanimalremainingonearth—hasbecometheobjectofoneofthebiggest,broadestinternationaleffortsyetmountedtoturnathreatenedspeciesofftheroadtoextinction.Butitisnotonlytheelephant'ssurvivalthatisatstake,conservationistssay.Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment.Asavoraciouseaterofvegetation,itlargelyshapestheforest-and-savannasurroundingsinwhichitlives,therebysettingthetermsofexistenceformillionsofotherstoriedanimals-fromzebrastogazellestogiraffesandwildebeests—thatshareitshabitatAndastheelephantdisappears,scientistsandconservationistssay,manyotherspecieswillalsodisappearfromvaststretchesofforestandsavanna,drasticallyalteringandimpoverishingwholeecosystems.

Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironmentandthereforeanimportantcreatorofhabitat.Inaconstantsearchforthe300poundsofvegetationitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandunderbrushandpullsbranchesoffbigtreesashighasitstrunkwillreach.ThiscreatesinnumerableopenspacesinbothdeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheAfricansavannas.Theresultingpatchwork,amosaicofvegetationinvariousstagesofregeneration,inturncreatesagreatervarietyofforagethatattractsagreatervarietyofothervegetation-eatersthanwouldotherwisebethecase.

Instudiesoverthelast20yearsinsouthernKenyanearMountKilimanjaro,Dr.Westernhasfoundthatwhenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities."Theirforagingcreatesamixtureofsavannawoodlands(whattheAfricanscallbush)andgrassland.Theresultisahighlydiversearrayofotherplant-eatingspecies:thoselikethezebra,wildebeestandgazelle,thatgraze:thoselikethegiraffe,bushbuckandlesserkudu,thatbrowseontendershoots,buds,twigsandleaves;andplant-eatingprimateslikethebaboonandvervetmonkey.Theseherbivoresattractcarnivoreslikethelionandcheetah.

Whentheelephantpopulationthinsout.Dr.Westernsaid,thewoodlandsbecomedenserandthegrazersaresqueezedout.Whenpressurefrompoachersforceselephantstocrowdmoredenselyontoreservations,thewoodlandsthereareknockedoutandthebrowsersandprimatesdisappear.

Somethingsimilarappearstohappenindensetropicalrainforests.Intheirnaturalstate,becausetheoverheadforestcanopyshutsoutsunlightandpreventsgrowthontheforestfloor,rainforestsprovideslimpickingsforlarge,hoofedplant-eaters.Bypullingdowntreesandeatingnewgrowth,elephantsenlargenaturalopeningsinthecanopy,allowingplantstoregenerateontheforestfloorandbringingdownvegetationfromthecanopysothatsmallerspeciescangetatit.

Insuchsituations,therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammalssuchasbongos,bushpigs,duikers,foresthogs,swampantelopes,forestbuffaloes,okapis,sometimesgorillasandalwaysahostofsmalleranimalsthatthriveonsecondarygrowth.Whenelephantsdisappearandtheforestreverts,thelargermammalsgivewaytosmaller,nimbleranimalslikemonkeys,squirrelsandrodents.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthormentionstigersandwhalesinordertoemphasizewhichpointabouttheelephant?

3.Anecessarycomponentoftheelephant'sabilitytotransformthelandscapeisits（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthorsattitudetowardthedamagetovegetationcausedbyforagingelephants?

問題1選項

A.explainingwhyelephantsarefacingthethreatofextinction

B.explainingdifficultiesinprovidingsufficientforageforplant-eaters

C.explaininghowtheelephantsimpactonitssurroundingsaffectsotherspecies

D.distinguishingbetweensavannasandrainforestsashabitatsforelephants

問題2選項

A.Likethem,Ufacesthethreatofextinction.

B.Itisherbivorousratherthancarnivorous.

C.Itisthelargestextantlandmammal.

D.Unlikethem,itphysicallyaltersitsenvironment.

問題3選項

A.massiveintelligence

B.threatenedextinction

C.ravenoushunger

D.lackofgrace

問題4選項

A.thenaturaltendencyofelephantsistocrowdtogetherinpacks

B.theelephantisdependentupontheexistenceofsmallerplant-eatingmammalsforitssurvival

C.elephantshaveanindirecteffectonthehuntingpatternsofcertaincarnivores

D.thefloorofthetropicalrainforestistooovergrowntoaccommodatelargerplant-eatingspecies

問題5選項

A.Itisanunfortunateby-productofthefeedingprocess.

B.Itisanecessarybutundesirableaspectofelephantpopulationgrowth.

C.Itfortuitouslyresultsincreatingenvironmentssuitedtodiversespecies.

D.Ithastheunexpectedadvantagethatitallowsscientistsaccesstotherainforest

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.本文主要是講述大象能夠改變居住環(huán)境,從而影響其他物種的生存,選項C正確。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"tigers""whales"定位到第一段第三句"Unliketheendangeredtiger,unlikeeventhegreatwhales,theAfricanelephantisingreatmeasurethearchitectofitsenvironment."不像瀕臨滅絕的老虎,甚至不像大型鯨魚,非洲象在很大程度上是環(huán)境的建筑師。也就是說大象能夠改變環(huán)境,選項D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句"Itistheelephant'smetabolismandappetitethatmakeitadisturberoftheenvironment"大象能夠改變環(huán)境是因為它們的新陳代謝和食欲。選項C正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段第一句"whenelephantsareallowedtoroamdiesavannasnaturallyandnormally,theyspreadoutat"intermediatedensities.""可知,大象不是群居動物,所以選項A錯誤;根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,選項B表達的剛好是相反的情況,所以錯誤;根據(jù)最后一段的第一句"...therainforestbecomeshospitabletolargeplant-eatingmammals..."可知選項D錯誤。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,大象改變環(huán)境會產(chǎn)生種類繁多的食草動物,食草動物又吸引了食肉動物。也就是說大象對某些食肉動物的捕獵方式有間接影響。選項C符合原文內(nèi)容。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,大象改變環(huán)境給其他物種創(chuàng)造了適宜其生存的環(huán)境,這是偶然性的而不是大象刻意為之的,所以選項C正確。

7.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Theywereproudoftheircuisine.

B.Theywereparticularaboutfood.

C.Theywereallgoodatcooking.

D.Theywerefondofbaconandeggs.

問題2選項

A.Hisparents.

B.Hisparents’friends.

C.Hisfriends.

D.Hisschoolmates.

問題3選項

A.Nooneofthegroupateit.

B.Itwasalittleovercooked.

C.Noteawasservedwiththemeal.

D.ItwastherealEnglishbreakfast.

問題4選項

A.Itwasfullofexcitement.

B.Itwasratherdisappointing.

C.Itwasariskyexperience.

D.Itwasreallyextraordinary.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】ConversationOne

M:Guesswhat?TheworstfoodIeverhadwasinFrance.

W:Really?That’sodd.[1]IthoughttheFrenchwereallgoodcooks.

M:Yes,that’sright.Isupposeit’sreallylikeanywhereelsethough.Youknow,someplacesaregood,somebad.Butit’sreallyallourownfault.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Well,itwasthefirsttimeI’dbeentoFrance.ThiswasyearsagowhenIwasatschool.[2]Iwenttherewithmyparents’friendsfrommyfather’sschool.TheyhiredacoachtotakethemtoSwitzerland.

W:Aschooltrip?

M:Right.Mostofthemhadneverbeenabroadbefore.We’dcrossedtheEnglishChannelatnightandwesetoffthroughFranceandbreakfasttimearrived,andthecoachdriverhadarrangedforustostopatthislittlecafe.Thereweallweretiredandhungryandthenwemadeagreatdiscovery.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:Baconandeggs.

W:Fantastic!TherealEnglishbreakfast.

M:Yes,anywaywedidn’tknowanybetter—sowehadit,andugh…!

W:Whatwasitlike?Disgusting?

M:Ah,itwasincredible.Theyjustgotabowlandputsomefatinit.Andthentheyputsomebaconinthefat,brokeaneggoverthetopandputthewholelotintheovenforabouttenminutes.

W:Intheoven?You’rejoking.Youcan’tcookbaconandeggsintheoven!

M:Well,theymusthavedoneitthatway.Itwashot,butitwasn’tcooked.Therewasjustthiseggfloatingaboutingallonsoffatandrawbacon.

W:[3]Didyouactuallyeatit?

M:[3]No,nobodydid.Theyallwantedtoturnroundandgohome.Youknow,backtoteabagsandfishandchips.Youcan’tblamethemreally.Anyway,thenextnightwewereallgivenanotherforeignspeciality.

W:Whatwasthat?

M:[4]Snails——thatreallyfinishedthemoff.Lovelyholidaythatwas!

1.WhatdidthewomanthinkoftheFrench?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問女士認為法國人怎么樣？錄音開頭，男士對女士說他吃過最糟糕的食物是在法國，女士聽后表示驚訝，因為她認為法國人都是很好的廚師。C選項“法國人都很擅長烹飪食物”是對錄音原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項“他們對自家的烹飪感到自豪”；B選項“他們對食物很講究”和D選項“他們喜歡培根和雞蛋”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此可排除。

2.WhodidthemantravelwithonhisfirsttriptoSwitzerland?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問男士第一次去瑞士的時候是和誰一起去的？錄音中提及男士第一次去法國是跟隨他父母的朋友一起去的。因此B選項“他父母的朋友”正確。A選項“他的父母”和C選項“他的明友”均是利用錄音中個別字詞斷章取義；D選項“他的同學(xué)”是利用錄音中的whenIwasatschool設(shè)置的干擾項，也可排除。

3.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebreakfastatthelittleFrenchcafe?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于法國小咖啡館的早餐，男士說了些什么？男士描述了那家法國小咖啡館如何烹飪培根和雞蛋后，女士問男士到底有沒有吃上這道菜，男士馬上說沒有人愿意吃。因此A選項“沒有人吃它”正確。B選項“它煮得有點久”在錄音中并沒有提及；C選項“用餐時沒有配上茶水”只是利用錄音中的teabags作干擾，錄音中并沒有提及是否配有茶水，因此可排除；D選項“它是真正的英式早餐”，在錄音中確實有出現(xiàn)，但這是女士的觀點并不是男士提出來的，不符合題意，因此也可排除。

4.WhatdidthemanthinkofhisholidayinFrance?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問男士認為他在法國的假期怎么樣？在錄音的最后，男士感嘆道：“真是個美好的假期?。　钡歉鶕?jù)前面錄音男士對那次法國之旅的一系列描述來看，那個假期給他留下的印象并不是很好。由此可知，他最后說的那句實際上是反話。因此，B選項“它相當(dāng)令人失望”正確。A選項“它實在令人興奮”；C選項“它是一個冒險的經(jīng)歷”和D選項“它真的很特別”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

8.寫作題

MiltonMizneroncesaid,“Agoodlistenerisnotonlypopulareverywhere,butafterawhilehegetstoknowsomething.”

Listeningisnotthesimplethingitseemstobe.Listeningisparticipatinginatleastfiveimportantways.Youareagoodlistenerif

1.youcan“see”anideawhenyouhearit.

2.youcandistinguishbetweenessentialpointsanddetails.

3.youcandistinguishbetweenfactsandopinions.

4.youcandistinguishbetweeninformationandpersuasion.

5.andifyoucanthenmakeupyourownmindaboutwhathasbeensaid.

Youaretowriteacompositionof150wordsorsoaboutthepoweroflistening.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Pleasewriteyourcompositionneatlyandclearlyonyouranswersheet.

Topic:ThePowerofListening

Outline

Ievaluateyourlisteningpower

IIjustifytheneedtoimprovelisteningpowereducationally,socially,politically,nationallyandinternationally

IIIdrawanaturalconclusion

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.

Failuretofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.

【答案】Listeningisoneofthemostimportantskillsonecanpossess.Asforme,Ilistentoobtaininformation,tounderstandandtolearn.Ipreferreductivelistening,whichhelpsmereduceeverythingdowntowhatisrelevantanddiscardeverythingthat’snotrelevant.ThatmeanswhenIcommunicatewithothers,Iprefertolistenwithpurpose.Icanalwaysgetmyanswerafterconversation.Frommypointofview,thepoweroflisteningisthatyoumakeaconsciousefforttohearnotonlythewordsthatanotherpersonissaying,butmoreimportantly,trytounderstandthecompletemessagebeingsent.Iwillillustratemypointfromfollowingaspects.

Inclass,itissignificantforbothteacherandstudentstoactivelylisten.Listentothequestionsofstudentsmayhelpteacherfindanefficientwaytoimproveteachingskillandlistentothekeyinformationthatteacherdeliveredcouldhelpstudentsgainabundantknowledge.Insociety,listeningisalsoanindispensablewaytopromotemutualunderstandingandtrust.Thetwocountriesenjoyfirmandfriendlyrelationsifactivelisteningisconducted.Forexample,resultfromlisteningtoeachotherandofferingtimelyhelp,ChinaandPakistanenjoytraditionalfriendship.Ontheotherside,AmericafailedtolistentotheappealandsuggestionsofChina,thetradedisputeswouldnevercease.

Inaword,listeningisacrucialskillthatneedstobelearnedandpracticedfromallaspectsofourdailylife.

9.單選題

TheChinesegovernmentcontinuestoupholdtheprincipleofpeacefulco-existence.

問題1選項

A.support

B.restrict

C.raise

D.modify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。uphold表示“支撐，支持，鼓勵”；A項support“支持”，B項restrict“限制”，C項raise“提高”，D項modify“修改”。句意：中國政府繼續(xù)堅持和平共處的原則。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。

10.單選題

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAiberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarningisincomplete;thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythe100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarningseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.

Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.

51.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.

52.AccordingtoBruceAiberts,sciencecanserveas______.

53.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,paragraph4)?

54.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?

55.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarningwiththatofsmokingbecause______.

問題1選項

A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath

B.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant

C.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife

D.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense

問題2選項

A.aprotector

B.ajudge

C.acritic

D.aguide

問題3選項

A.Endlessstudieskillaction.

B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

C.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

問題4選項

A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.

B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.

C.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.

D.Takesomelegislativemeasures.

問題5選項

A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence

B.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer

C.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer

D.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】51.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“吸煙的支持者提出的論點是……”。第一段第三句提到Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflife（反對吸煙的游說將毀掉我們的生活方式）可以推斷，吸煙的支持者認為他們有選擇自己生活方式的自由，因此C項“人們有自由選擇自己的生活方式”符合題意。A項“吸煙與死亡之間沒有相關(guān)的科學(xué)證據(jù)”，根據(jù)第一段第二句theevidencewasinconclusive（證據(jù)缺乏決定性）可知不是沒有相關(guān)證據(jù)，而是證據(jù)缺乏決定性，所以A項錯誤；根據(jù)第一段第四句LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves（很多美國人認為吸煙導(dǎo)致人死亡的說法是胡說，在過去的三十年間，大約1000萬吸煙者早逝），可知有大約1000萬吸煙者早逝這個數(shù)量并不是微不足道的，因此B項“過數(shù)十年中早逝的煙民數(shù)量微不足道”錯誤；另外美國人是認為吸煙導(dǎo)致人死亡的說法是胡說八道，而不是禁煙者胡說，因此D項“禁煙者通常都是在胡說八道”也不符合題意。故該題選C。

52.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)BruceAlberts，科學(xué)可以作為……”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture（但是科學(xué)確實為我們提供了關(guān)于未來的最好指導(dǎo)）可知，科學(xué)可以作為指導(dǎo)，因此D項“指導(dǎo)”正確。A項“保護者”，B項“法官”及C項“批評家”都不符合。故該題選D。

53.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者在第四段最后一行說‘分析導(dǎo)致的癱瘓’是什么意思？”。根據(jù)第四段第一行提到Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”（但很明顯，總統(tǒng)的大多數(shù)顧問仍然沒有認真對待全球變暖問題。他們沒有制定行動計劃，而是繼續(xù)推動更多的研究——一個典型的“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的案例）可知，“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的意思是研究阻止了行動的產(chǎn)生，因此A項“無休止的研究扼殺了行動”符合題意。B項“仔細調(diào)查揭示真相”和C項“謹慎計劃阻礙進步”沒有提到，D項“大量的研究有助于決策”，文中只是提到了更多的研究，沒有提到研究有助于決策，故該題選A正確。

54.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者的觀點，政府應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對全球變暖？”。根據(jù)最后一段第三句IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.（如果政府不采取立法措施，國會應(yīng)該幫助制定保護措施）可知，在作者的觀點中，政府應(yīng)該采取立法措施，因此D項“采取一些立法措施”符合題意。A項“提供支持，建設(shè)清潔發(fā)電廠”和B項“提高公眾保護意識”都是政府的立法措施能夠做到的，因此包括在里面；C項“促進更進一步的科學(xué)研究”不是作者想要政府做的，前文提到研究扼殺了行動，因此C項錯誤；故該題D項正確。

55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者把全球變暖問題和吸煙問題聯(lián)系起來是因為……”。作者在文章第一段講述科學(xué)家們認為吸煙會致人死亡，而懷疑者們堅持認為證據(jù)缺乏決定性；第二段接著講述現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了類似的情況，即全球變暖的問題，科學(xué)家們試圖讓我們意識到全球氣候變暖所帶來的日益嚴重的威脅與地球氣候變暖主要是人為造成的；第三段講述就如吸煙問題一樣，來自不同領(lǐng)域的聲音堅持認為有關(guān)全球變暖的科學(xué)資料還不完整；由此我們可以推斷來自吸煙問題的教訓(xùn)可以運用到全球變暖的問題上，因此B項“吸煙問題的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用于全球變暖的問題上”符合題意。文中只是提到關(guān)于全球變暖的問題政府一直采取研究，沒有提到吸煙問題上政府的態(tài)度，因此A項“兩個問題都受到了政府的疏忽”不符合題意；C項“吸煙的結(jié)果使全球變暖問題惡化”，文章只是通過吸煙問題引出全球變暖的話題，因此C項錯誤；D項“兩個問題都變得越來越糟糕了”，文中的確講到兩個問題的嚴重性，但是作者把兩個問題聯(lián)系起來更多的目的還是通過吸煙的問題引出全球變暖的主題，從而引出吸煙問題的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用到全球變暖的問題上。故該題B項最符合題意。

11.單選題

Weexpecthimto（

）hispromise.

問題1選項

A.carryoff

B.carryout

C.carrythrough

D.carryabout

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們希望他能夠履行諾言。

考查短語辨析。carryoff奪去，獲得;carryout貫徹,執(zhí)行;carrythrough貫徹,完成;carryabout隨身攜帶。故B符合句意。

12.單選題

UndermydeskIkeptalargecartonofcassettetapes.Thoughtheyhaveallbeentranscribed,Istillliketolistentothemfromtimetotime.

Somearequietandeasytounderstand.TheyarefilledwiththevoicesofAmericandoctors,interruptedoccasionallybytheclinkofacoffeecuporbeepofapager.Therest—morethanhalfofthem—areverynoisy.TheyarefilledwiththevoicesoftheLeesfamily,HmongrefugeesfromLaoswhocametotheUnitedStatesin1980.Againstabackgroundofbabiescrying,childrenplaying,doorsslamming,dishesclatterin