英語四級(jí)年度閱讀備考材料

16/162011年英語四級(jí)閱讀備考材料(1)TheUniversityofCaliforniawascharteredin1868andestablishedatBerkeleyin1875.SouthHall,anivy-coveredGothic-revivalbuildingofredbrick,istheonlysurvivorofthenineteenthcenturycampusbuildings.Today,theBerkeleycampusistheseniormemberofthenine-campusUniversityofCaliforniaSystem.Berkeleyoffersafullrangeofacademicmajorsinprograms.Inanationalsurveypublishedinfall1992,Berkeleyplacedhighestofallpublicuniversitiesinrankingthatincludedfiveattributes:reputation,selectivity,facultyresources,financialresources,andstudentsatisfaction.Morestudentswhoearnbachelor'sdegreesatBerkeleycompletePh.D'sthangraduatesofanyotheruniversityinthecountry.Undergraduatestudentscanchoosefrommorethan5,000differentcoursesandover100majorsortheycandesigntheirownindividualmajors.Thegraduatedivisionoffersprofessionalandacademicdegreesinmorethan100majors.Aidingstudentsintheircourseworkisacampusnetworkoftwenty-fourlibraries,includingoneespeciallyforundergraduates.Therearealsomanysupportfacilitiesandservicesavailable,suchastheStudentLearningCenter,financialaidcounseling,housingassistance,graduateandprofessionalschooladvising,andcareerplacementassistance.The1,200-acrecampusstretchesfromdowntownBerkeleythroughwoodedhillsthatoverlookSanFranciscoBay.ThecityofBerkeley(population105,000)offersthelivelybackgroundofoneofAmerica'smoreculturallydiverseandpoliticallyadventuroussmallcities.ThesurroundingSanFranciscoBayareaprovidesanabundanceofrecreationalandculturalevents.1.InParagraphOne,theauthormainlystatesabout______.A.thegreatnessandwonderfulnessoftheBerkeleycampusB.theBerkeleycampus'rankinginallthepublicuniversitiesC.thehistoryandthepresentsituationoftheBerkeleycampusD.theoverallimpressionoftheBerkeleycampus2.MorestudentshavegraduatedfromBerkeleythanfromanyotheruniversityingaining______degree.A.MBA'sB.bachelor'sC.Ph.D'sD.master's3.Fromtheessay,wecanknowthat______.A.theBerkeleycampusistheUniversityofCaliforniaB.theBerkeleycampusisonlyanoldbranchoftheUniversityofCaliforniaC.theBerkeleycampusisanabsolutelyindependentuniversity,whichisbuiltinCaliforniaD.theBerkeleycampusisanindependentcollege.4.WhichisTRUEaccordingtotheessay?A.NowtheBerkeleycampusisthebestpublicuniversity.B.Youcanfinishbachelor'scoursesorPh.D'scoursesbutnotmaster'scourses.C.TheBerkeleycampusdoesnotdowellinhelpingstudentsintheirstudies.D.TheBerkeleycampusisnotfarawayfromthecityofSanFrancisco.5.ThecityofBerkeleyis______.A.situatedwithintheBerkeleycampusB.foundtobeameltingpotofvariousculturesC.arecreationalplaceD.tryingtoincreaseitspopulation【答案】1.C2.C3.B4.D5.B2011年英語四級(jí)閱讀備考材料(2)It’snevereasytoadmityouareinthewrong.Beinghuman,weallneedtoknowtheartofapologizing.Lookbackwithhonestyandthinkhowoftenyou’vejudgedroughly,said__1__things,pushedyourselfaheadattheexpenseofafriend.Thencounttheoccasionswhenyouindicatedclearlyand__2__thatyouweresorry.Abitfrightening,isn’tit?FrighteningbecausesomedeePwisdominusknowsthatwhenevenasmallwronghasbeencommitted,somemysteriousmoralfeelingis__3__,anditstaysoutofbalanceuntilfaultisacknowledgedand__4__isexpressed.Irememberadoctorfriend,tellingmeaboutamanwhocametohimwithavarietyofsigns:headaches,insomniaandstomachtrouble.No__5__causecouldbefound.Finallymyfriendsaidtotheman,"Unlessyoutellmewhat’sworryingyou,Ican’thelPyou."Aftersomehesitation,theman__6__that,asexecutorofhisfaher’swill,hehadbeencheatinghisbrother,wholivedabroad,ofhis__7__.Thenandtherethewiseolddoctormadethemanwritetohisbrotherasking__8__andenclosingachequeasthefirststePinrestoringtheirgoodrelation.Hethenwentwithhimtomailboxinthecorridor.Astheletterdisappeared,themanburstintotears."Thankyou,"Hesaid,"IthinkI’m__9__."Andhewas.Aheartfeltapologycannotonly__10__adamagedrelationshiPbutalsomakeitstronger.Ifyoucanthinkofsomeonewhodeservesanapologyfromyou,someoneyouhavewronged,orjustneglected,dosomethingaboutitrightnow.A)healB)mentalC)unkindD)regretE)accuratelyF)confessedG)inheritanceH)physicalI)curedJ)treatK)trulyL)unfaithfulM)forgivenessN)disturbedO)excuse【答案】1.選C)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。從后面的pushedyourselfaheadattheexpenseofafriend可知，講的是不行的話，可選項(xiàng)有unkind和unfaithful，但由前面的judgedroughly“粗魯?shù)脑u(píng)判”可知那個(gè)地點(diǎn)表示講話時(shí)不考慮他人的感受，因此unkind“刻薄的”更加符合上下文語氣。2.選K)。由clearlyand一詞可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞，與closely一起修飾道歉時(shí)的情形。選項(xiàng)有accurately和truly,由“回想一下你曾明確地并地表示自己歉意的場合”，能使句意通順的是truly“真誠地”，而accurately一般表示“(數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算得)精確地”，故排除。3.選N)。itstaysoutofbalanceuntil...，其中it=somemysteriousmoralfeeling可推出，出于道義上的緣故，人會(huì)感到不安，故選disturbed“不安的”。而confessed“公開承認(rèn)的”不符合句意。4.選D)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。從“明白承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，表達(dá)之后，才能覺得安心，”選項(xiàng)中只有regret“歉意”符合題意。5.選H)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由headaches，insomnia(失眠)andstomachtrouble可推出，可選項(xiàng)有mental和physical，由朋友的話“Unless...Worryingyou,Ican’thelPyou."可知那個(gè)人是由于心理上的緣故，而不是生理上的，故選physical即Nophysicalcause...。6.選F)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞有confessed，cured和disturbed，但由Aftersomehesitation可推出，此人是在向大夫坦白情況，故選擇confessed“坦白”。7.選G)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由asexecutorofhisfather’swill可推知，此處講明的是，在遺產(chǎn)繼承方面，他一直在欺騙他居住在國外的兄弟，故只有選項(xiàng)inheritance符合題意。8.選M)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。由restoringtheirgoodrelation可推知，他是寫信給他兄弟請(qǐng)求原諒，故選項(xiàng)中只有forgiveness符合題意。選項(xiàng)中excuse用作名詞時(shí)，一般解釋為“理由，借口”而沒有“原諒”的意思，故排除。9.選I)。由第二段最后一句waht’sworryingyou和那個(gè)人的感情Thankyou可推出，此處講明的是大夫治好了他的心病，選項(xiàng)中只有cured符合題意。10.選A)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的圓形。Butalsomakeitstronger“使人際關(guān)系更加穩(wěn)固”，it指代adamagedrelationship，由此可知，空格處應(yīng)填表示“修復(fù)”的詞，選項(xiàng)中的heal則有“治愈，修復(fù)”的意思，符合原文意思。treat一般專指醫(yī)學(xué)上的治療，2011年英語四級(jí)閱讀備考材料(3)Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Butrelaxationis__1__forahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowayto__2__it.Infact,itisnotthebadthingasitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutof__3__thatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.Somepeoplwarenotafraidofstress,andsuch__4__areobviouslyprimematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsightof__5__difficulties.Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothphysicallyand__6__.Infactwemakechoicebetween"flightorfight"andinmore__7__daysthechoicesmadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayareunlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesame__8__.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,throughcontinued__9__tostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Sincewecannot__10__stressfromourlivesitwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould,weneedtofindwaystodealwithit.A)exposureB)charactersC)answerD)chemicallyE)avoidF)psychologicallyG)primitiveH)transferI)unusualJ)controlK)removeL)escapeM)responseN)backwardO)essential【答案】1.選O)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。前文中講人們正在失去放松的休閑方式，But轉(zhuǎn)折表明作者對(duì)relaxation的重視態(tài)度，只有essential“必須的，重要的”符合文意。2.選E)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。前句講Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylife“壓力是日常生活中專門自然的一部分”，講明人們不能幸免壓力。選項(xiàng)中只有avoid的意思為“幸免，消除”，故E)avoid正確。3.選J)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前面講有壓力并不是壞事，適當(dāng)?shù)膲毫δ芙o人以動(dòng)力，能給予人生活的意義。只有在什么時(shí)候，壓力才會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們表現(xiàn)不佳，軀體不行。依照上下文可知getoutofcontrol“壓力失控”的時(shí)候，才會(huì)有不行的結(jié)果，故選J)control。4.選B)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前句中notafraidofstress“不怕壓力”是一些人的性格特點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)中能夠表示人的性格特點(diǎn)的詞只有characters，故選B)。5.選I)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞，修飾名詞difficulties。一些人遇到的困難就灰心喪氣，選項(xiàng)中的形容詞中，unusual“不同平常的”能夠講明困難的程度，故選擇I)。6.選F)。此處應(yīng)填副詞，與physically相對(duì)應(yīng)，在此physically作為“軀體上的”解釋。選項(xiàng)中的副詞有chemically“化學(xué)地”和psychologically“精神地”，專門明顯兩個(gè)副詞中選擇F)psychologically。7.選G)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞，修飾名詞days。...days與后文中的today相對(duì)應(yīng)，形成對(duì)比。選項(xiàng)中的是primitive，立即人類的早期和人類的今天做比較，故選G)。而N)backward講明的是社會(huì)進(jìn)展的狀態(tài)，不符合原文意思。8.選M)。此處填名詞。前句講，在人類的早期，選擇不同就意味著生與死的差不;而現(xiàn)在人們碰到的危機(jī)不可能那樣極端。后面but轉(zhuǎn)折，講明了不管是壓力的大小，人們差不多上在“幸免”和“戰(zhàn)斗”之間選擇，下句中的suchareaction也能夠講明人們對(duì)壓力的反應(yīng)是一樣的，選項(xiàng)中的名詞answer和response中，M)response=reaction符合文意。9.選A)。依照上題，這種反應(yīng)長時(shí)刻持續(xù)的緣故確實(shí)是長時(shí)刻的面對(duì)壓力，選項(xiàng)中的exposure“暴露的狀態(tài)，受阻礙”符合上下文意思，故選擇A)exposure。10.選K)。此處要填動(dòng)詞原形，和from構(gòu)成動(dòng)介搭配。人們應(yīng)想方法應(yīng)對(duì)壓力，而不是將它出人們的生活。選項(xiàng)中的transfer表示“轉(zhuǎn)移”不符合原文意思;remove“移動(dòng)，移除”能夠和from連用，表示“除掉，移開”，符合原文意思，故選K)。2011年英語四級(jí)閱讀備考材料(4)VideoconferencingisnothingmorethanatelevisionsetorPCmonitorwithacameraThroughthevideocenferencing,notonlyyourvoicebutalsoyourface,thesurroundingsandanyothergraphicandphisical__1__canbecapturedandtransmittedthroughthecommunicationsystemwithorwithoutwires.Ofcourse,whenyougointothedetails,thetechnologyinvolvedisvery__2__andthesubjectmatterlitteredwithjargon.SuchasISDN(IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork),POTS(PlainOldTelephoneService)orthe__3__behindbandwidth,latencyandisochronywhichareusedtoexplainhowvideoconferencingworks.Goodpeoplecommunicationis__4__inanybusiness,andthemoreinteractionyoucanachieve,themorelikelyitisthatyour__5__willbetherightones.Videoconferencingnotonlyallowsyoutospeaktopeopleindifferentlocations,butalsonote__6__expressionsandgesturesthatletyouknowwhattheotherpersonisreallythinking.Meetingsaremademore__7__bysharingdocumentsandcomputerapplicationsthatasimpletelephonecannot__8__.__9__,organizationsarediscoveringthecompetitiveadvantagesandthepowerofvideoconferencing.Withadvancesinperformance,economicalpricing,theabilityto__10__essentialmeetingtoolsandconnectivitytoglobaltelephonenetworksandstandardizedvideoconferencingprotocols,videoconferencingisnowapracticalrealityforanyorganization.A)fortunatelyB)effectiveC)imagesD)articulateE)facialF)manageG)decisionsH)connectI)advancedJ)integrateK)progressiveL)conceptsM)picturesN)increasinglyO)important【答案】1.選C)。空格中要填的是名詞，從后面的canbecapturedandtransmitted能夠選出選項(xiàng)中images和pictures，pictures指“畫面，圖片”，一般指靜態(tài)的情景;而文中的意思表達(dá)的是實(shí)時(shí)的電視會(huì)議，畫面應(yīng)該是動(dòng)態(tài)的，images能夠表示動(dòng)態(tài)的形象，畫面，故C)images正確。2.選I)。那個(gè)地點(diǎn)應(yīng)填形容詞，修飾thetechnology。選項(xiàng)中的advanced，progressive，important能夠用來修飾thetechnology，注釋1講明了thetechnology中包含了專門多行業(yè)術(shù)語，是專門深?yuàn)W的，排除important;而progressive“上進(jìn)的，進(jìn)步的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋求更好的，advanced“領(lǐng)先的，有高深的，并非人人都能同意的含義”，依照上下文I)advanced更符合題意。3.選L)。首先推斷那個(gè)地點(diǎn)應(yīng)填名詞，再依照注釋2種“用于解釋視頻會(huì)議工作原理的”，原文中有explain“解釋，講明”能夠退出，選項(xiàng)中的名詞中c