考研考博-英語-內蒙古師范大學鴻德學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內蒙古師范大學鴻德學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

By（

）

computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthimathousanddollars.

問題1選項

A.coarse

B.rude

C.average

D.general

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。coarse“粗糙的”；rude“粗魯?shù)摹?；average“平均的，普通的”；general“一般的，普通的”。句意：通過粗略計算，他估計修理好這個房子需要花費一千美元。選項A符合題意。

2.翻譯題

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday'smediaandtechnologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.(1)Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.(2)SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It'snosurprise,ofcourse.(3)Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

(4)Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople~over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumers.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe'dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe'reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

(5)NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.B.White,whoin1938wrote,"Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure."Westilldon'tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

【答案】（1）當你設法弄清消費信息技術將向何處發(fā)展以及這對社會意味著什么時，要記住這個重要的核心事實：人們只是想看更多的電視節(jié)目。

（2）就像其他每個消費電子產品公司做的那樣，索尼公司在最近的消費類電子產品展會上推出大量產品，這些產品是用來把網絡視頻放到電視上。在同時舉行的麥客世界展會上，蘋果公司總栽史蒂夫?喬布斯推出具有同樣功能的蘋果電視。

（3）從那時到現(xiàn)在，基本而明顯的事實是處理器的功能不斷提高和帶寬的不斷增大，而預言家們已經自信地預測了這一天。正如他們自信地預言它的含義：傳統(tǒng)的電視節(jié)目會被替代。

（4）實際情況卻正好相反。盡管網絡時代有其他多種選擇，我們美國人如今看的無聊電視卻比以往任何時候都多，這就說明了問題。

（5）關于電視，沒有人比著名的《紐約人》雜志評論家E.B.懷特的評價更恰當。他在1938年寫道：“我們的好壞將取決于電視,這一點我敢肯定?！?/p>

3.單選題

TwohoursfromthetallbuildingsofManhattanandPhiladelphialivesomeoftheworld’slargestblackbears.TheyareinnorthernPennsylvania’sPoconoMountains,ahometheysharewithanabundanceofotherwildlife.

Thestreams,lakes,meadows,mountainridgesandforeststhatmakethePoconosanidealplaceforblackbearshavealsoattractedmorepeopletotheregion.Openspacesarethreatenedbyplansforhousingestatesandimportanthabitatsareendangeredbyhighwayconstruction.ToprotectthePoconos’naturalbeautyfromirresponsibledevelopment,theNatureConservancynamedtheareaoneofAmerica’s“LastGreatPlaces”.

Operatingoutofacentuiy-oldschoolhouseinthevillageofLongPond,Pennsylvania,theconservancy’sBudCookisworkingwithlocalpeopleandbusinessleaderstobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.ByforgingpartnershipswithpeoplelikeFrancisAltemose,theConservancyhasbeenabletoprotectmorethan14,000acresofenvironmentallyimportantlandinthearea.

Altemose’sfamilyhasfarmedinthePoconoareaforgenerations.TwoyearsagoFrancisworkedwiththeConservancytoincludehisfarminacountyfarmlandprotectionprogram.Asaresult,hisfamily’slandcanbeprotectedfromdevelopmentandtheAltemoseswillbebetterabletoprovideasecurefinancialfuturefortheir7-year-oldgrandson.

CookattributestheConservancy’ssuccessinthePoconostohavingalocalpresenceandacommitmenttoworkingwithlocalresidents.

“Thekeytoprotectingtheseremarkablelandsisconnectingwiththelocalcommunity,”Cooksaid.“Thepeoplewholivethererespecttheland.Theyvaluequietforests,clearstreamsandabundantwildlife.Theyareeagertohelpwithconservationeffort.”

FormoreinformationonhowyoucanhelpTheNatureConservancyprotectthePoconosandtheworld’sother“LastGreatPlaces”，pleasecall1-888-5646864.OrvisitusontheWorldWideW

1.ThepurposeinnamingthePoconosasoneofAmerica’s“LastGreatPlaces”isto（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhatisimportantinprotectingthePoconosaccordingtoCook?

4.WhatdoesBudCookmeanby“havingalocalpresence”(Line1，Para*5)?

問題1選項

A.gainsupportfromthelocalcommunity

B.protectitfromirresponsibledevelopment

C.makeitabetterhomeforblackbears

D.providefinancialsecurityforfuturegenerations

問題2選項

A.thepopulationinthePoconoareaisgrowing

B.wildlifeinthePoconoareaisdyingoutrapidly

C.thesecurityofthePoconoresidentsisbeingthreatened

D.farmlandsinthePoconoareaareshrinkingfast

問題3選項

A.Thesettingupofanenvironmentalprotectionwebsite.

B.SupportfromorganizationsliketheNatureConservancy.

C.Cooperationwiththelocalresidentsandbusinessleaders.

D.Inclusionoffarmlandsintheregion’sprotectionprogram.

問題4選項

A.Financialcontributionsfromlocalbusinessleaders.

B.Considerationoftheinterestsofthelocalresidents.

C.Theestablishmentofawildlifeprotectionfoundationinthearea.

D.ThesettingupofalocalNatureConservancybranchinthePoconoarea.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段，“ToprotectthePoconos’naturalbeautyfromirresponsibledevelopment…”，主要目的使保護自然美景，選項B符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。根據文章第二段第一句，因為溪流、山脊等一些自然風貌吸引了很多人來到這里，推測人口是不斷增加的。選項A符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據文章第六段，“Thekeytoprotectingtheseremarkablelandsisconnectingwiththelocalcommunity,”文中提到了與當社區(qū)合作。選項C符合題意。

4.信息歸納題。根據上下文語境，BudCook認為大自然保護協(xié)會的成功離不開“havingalocalpresence”，在第四段也提及了農民受到了協(xié)會的支持，所以havingalocalpresence應該是指一個組織或機構，選項D符合題意。

4.單選題

Thepolicehavebeeninterviewingpeopleintheareainthehopethatitwill（）furtherinformationaboutthecrime.

問題1選項

A.unload

B.reveal

C.endow

D.yield

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。unload

卸下,

擺脫負擔；reveal揭露；endow賦予；yield屈服。句意：警方一直在采訪該地區(qū)的人,

希望能夠揭露更多有關這個犯罪事件的信息。選項B符合句意。

5.單選題

Fred

always（）doingthewashing-up

bysayingthatheisbusyworkinginthegarden.

問題1選項

A.getsoutof

B.getsoverwith

C.getsridof

D.getsthroughwith

【答案】A

【解析】getoutof指設法避免承擔責任或義務。；getoverwith指做完了事；getridof指擺脫不喜歡的事物；getthroughwith指完成,挺過來。句意：Fred總是說他在花園里忙著干活而不洗碗。選項A符合句意。

6.單選題

Heisamongthoseluckystudentswhohavewon（

）tofirst-rateuniversity.

問題1選項

A.permission

B.admittance

C.profession

D.admission

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他是那些能幸運地進入一流大學的學生中的一員。

考查近義詞辨析。permission允許，許可，一般用于givesb.permissiontodosth.允許某人做某事;admittance進入，入場權（尤指公共場所）;profession職業(yè)，聲明，宣布；admission入學，承認,錄用。因此D符合句意。

7.單選題

Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind,butthereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon:anIranambitiousfornukes.

Aug.16issue—whocouldhaveimaginedthatalliancemanagementwouldbeahotelectionissueinAmerica?Butitis.JohnKerry’srepeatedpledgetorestorerelationswithAmerica’sallieshasstruckachord.Thetroubleis,ifheiselectedpresident,Kerryisgoingtofindthatpromisehardtokeep—atleastwithAmerica’salliesinEurope.MostofthemwouldbedelightedtoseeKerrywin,butthatdoesn'tmeantheywillbemorecooperativeonpolicyissues.Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind,butthereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon.EarlyintoaKerryadministration,wecouldseeafamiliarsight—atransatlanticcrisis—exceptthistimeitwouldn’tbeoverIraqbutIran.

ThethreattoAmericafromIraqiweaponsofmassdestruction,iftheyeverexisted,isinthepast.Iran,ontheotherhand,istheproblemofthefuture.Overthelasttwoyears,thankstotipsfromIranianoppositiongroupsandinvestigationsbytheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,ithasbecomeclearthatIranisseekingtodevelopnuclearweapons.Inthewordsoftheagency,Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle.”whichleadsmostexpertstobelieveitistwotothreeyearsawayfromhavinganuclearbomb.

EuropeancountrieswereasworriedbythisdevelopmentasWashingtonand,sincetheUnitedStateshasnorelationswithIran,EuropesteppedinlastfallandnegotiatedadealwithIran.ItwasanexcellentagreementinwhichIranpledgedtostopdevelopingfissilematerial(thecoreingredientofanuclearbombandtokeepitsnuclearprogramtransparent.Theonlyproblemis.Iranhasrecentlyannouncedthatitisn’tgoingtoabidebythedeal.AstheIAEA’sinvestigationgotmoreserious.Tehrangotmoresecretive.OnemonthagotheagencycondemnedIranforitsfailuretocooperate.Tehranrespondedbyannouncingthatitwouldresumeworkinprohibitedareas.

That’swherethingsstandnow,withtheclocktickingfast.IfIranweretogonuclear,itwouldhavedramaticeffects.Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialsinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.AnditwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.SaudiArabiaandEgyptwouldfeelthreatenedbyIran’sbombandwouldstarttheirownsearchfornucleartechnology.(SaudiArabiaprobablycouldnotmakeabombbutitcouldcertainlybuynecessarytechnologyfromacountrylikePakistan.Infact,wedon’treallyknowallofthebuyerswhopatronizedPakistaniscientistA.Q.Khan’snuclearsupermarket.It’squitepossibleSaudiArabiaalreadyhasafewelementsofsuchaprogram.)AndthenthereisIsrael,whichhaslongseenIranasitsgreatestthreat.ItisunlikelytositpassivelywhileIrandevelopsanuclearbomb.ThepowerfulIranianpoliticianAliRafsanjanihaspubliclyspeculatedaboutanuclearexchangewithIsrael.IfIran’sprogramwentforward,atsomepointIsraelwouldalmostcertainlytrytodestroyitusingairstrikes,asitdidIraq’sreactorinOsirik.Suchanactionwould,ofcourse,createamassivepoliticalcrisisintheregion.

Inthefaceofthesestarkdangers,Europeseemsremarkablypassive.Havingburstintoactionlastfall,itdoesnotseemtoknowwhattodonowthatIranhasrebuffeditsefforts.Itisurgingnegotiationsagain,whichisfine.ButwhatwillittellIraninthesenegotiations?Whatisthethreatthatitiswillingtowield?

LastmonththeBrookingsInstitutionconductedascenariowithmostlyformerAmericanandEuropeanofficials.Init,Iranactuallyacquiresfissilematerial.Evenfacingtheimminentproductionofanuclearbomb,Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasuresliketheuseofforceortoughsanctions.JamesSteinberg,aseniorClintonofficialwhoorganizedthisworkshop,saidthathewas“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes.”MadeleineAlbright,whoregularlyconvenesadiscussiongroupofformerforeignministers,saidthatonthistopic.“EuropeanssaytheyunderstandthethreatbutthenactasiftherealproblemisnotIranbuttheUnitedStates.”

AmericanpolicytowardIranishardlyblameless.WashingtonrefuseseventoconsiderthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran,letaloneactualrelations.EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan.TheywouldgoalongwithabiggerstickifWashingtonwouldthrowinabiggercarrot:directengagementwithTehran.ThisissomethingTehranhaslongsought,anditcouldbeofferedinreturnforrenouncingitsnuclearambitions.

Butforanyofthistohappen,Europemustbewillingtoplayanactive,assertiverole.ItmuststopviewingitselfmerelyasacriticofAmericanpolicy,butratherseeitselfasapartner,jointlyactingtoreducethedangersofnuclearproliferation.AnditshoulddothisnotasafavortoJohnKerrybutasaresponsibilitytoitsowncitizensandthoseoftheworld.

26.WhatisthefuturethreattoAmericannationalsecurityaccordingtotheauthor?

27.WhichofthefollowinginNOTincludedinthedramaticeffectsifIranweretogonuclear?

28.WhywasJamesSteinberg“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes”?

29.Whatisauthor’sviewpointtowardWashington’sattitudeontheissueofIran’snuclearthreat?

30.Whatistheauthor’sstandontheissue?

問題1選項

A.Iraqiweaponsofmassdestruction.

B.InvestigationsbytheInternationalAtomicAgency.

C.Iranhasanuclearbomb.

D.Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle”.

問題2選項

A.Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.

B.Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.

C.ItwouldaffecttherelationsbetweentheU.N.andtheU.S.

D.ItwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.

問題3選項

A.Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind.

B.ThedeteriorationofthetransatlanticrelationsfrustratedKerry.

C.Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasures.

D.AmericanpolicytowardIranisblameless.

問題4選項

A.AmericangovernmentshouldhavetalkswithEuropeannations.

B.WashingtonshouldhavedirectengagementwithTehran.

C.GovernmentofU.S.shouldrenounceIran’snuclearambitions.

D.WashingtonshouldbeblamedfornotconsideringthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran.

問題5選項

A.DisapproveAmericans’attitude.

B.ApproveneitherAmericans’attitudenorEuropeans’efforts.

C.UnsatisfiedwithEuropeans’efforts.

D.AmericansandEuropeansshouldmakejointeffortstoreducethedangers.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】26.事實細節(jié)題。題干“作者認為未來威脅美國國家安全的是什么”，可定位到原文第3段第1、2句ThethreattoAmericafromIraqiweaponsofmassdestruction,iftheyeverexisted,isinthepast.Iran,ontheotherhand,istheproblemofthefuture.（伊拉克大規(guī)模殺傷性武器——如果曾經存在的話——是美國過去的威脅。另一方面，伊朗是未來的問題。）由此可知，作者認為未來美國國家安全的威脅來自伊朗，A選項“伊拉克的大規(guī)模殺傷性武器”是過去的問題；B選項“國際原子能機構的調查”未提及，均排除；C選項“伊朗擁有核彈”以及D選項“伊朗擁有‘一個幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端’”可定位到第3段最后一句Inthewordsoftheagency,Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle.”whichleadsmostexpertstobelieveitistwotothreeyearsawayfromhavinganuclearbomb.（機構的調查指出，伊朗擁有“一個幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端”，這使得大多數(shù)專家認為，兩到三年內伊朗就會擁有核彈。）由此判斷，D選項“伊朗擁有‘一個幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端’”已經實現(xiàn)了，而C選項“伊朗擁有核彈”是未來可能會出現(xiàn)的，是未來美國國家安全的威脅。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

27.事實細節(jié)題。根據題干“伊朗走向核武器的巨大影響不包括以下哪項”可定位到第5段第2句IfIranweretogonuclear,itwouldhavedramaticeffects.（伊朗擁有核武器，將會產生巨大的影響。）A選項“它將把核材料交到一個與臭名昭著的組織有聯(lián)系的激進政權手中”，可定位到第5段第3句Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialsinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.（它將把核材料交到一個與臭名昭著的組織有聯(lián)系的激進政權手中。）兩者表述完全一致，排除；B選項“這將向其他國家發(fā)出信號，即打破核禁忌是可能的”，可定位到第5段第4句Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.（這將向其他國家發(fā)出信號，即打破核禁忌是可能的。）兩者表述完全一致，排除；C選項“它將影響聯(lián)合國和歐盟的關系”，原文并未提及；D選項“它將給中東帶來革命”，可定位到第5段第5句AnditwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.（并且它將給中東帶來革命。）兩者表述完全一致，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

28.事實細節(jié)題。題干“為什么JamesSteinberg對歐洲的態(tài)度深感失望”可定位到第7段第3句JamesSteinberg…saidthathewas“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes.”（JamesSteinberg說“他對歐洲的態(tài)度深感失望”），前一句Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasuresliketheuseofforceortoughsanctions.（歐洲國家不愿采取任何強硬措施，比如使用武力或嚴厲制裁。）由此判斷，JamesSteinberg失望的原因是“歐洲國家不愿采取任何強硬措施”，C選項“歐洲國家不愿采取任何強硬措施”與原文表述一致。A選項“每個人心中都有恐懼是可以理解的?！?、B選項“大西洋兩岸關系的惡化讓Kerry感到沮喪。”、D選項“美國對伊朗的政策是無可指責的?！倍疾皇菤W洲的態(tài)度，并沒有回答問題。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

29.判斷推理題。題干“作者對華盛頓在伊朗核威脅問題上的態(tài)度有何看法”，可定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段第1、2句AmericanpolicytowardIranishardlyblameless.WashingtonrefuseseventoconsiderthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran,letaloneactualrelations.（美國對伊朗的政策并非無可指責。華盛頓甚至拒絕考慮與伊朗直接對話的可能性，更不用說實際關系了。）由此可知，華盛頓（即美國政府）對伊朗核問題的態(tài)度是拒絕直接對話，而作者認為美國的這種政策是hardlyblameless“并非無可指責”，D選項“華盛頓應該受到指責，因為它沒有考慮與伊朗進行直接對話的可能性”與原文表述一致。A選項“美國政府應該與歐洲國家談判”與問題無關；干擾選項B“華盛頓應該直接與德黑蘭接觸”，可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第3、4句EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan…ifWashingtonwouldthrowinabiggercarrot:DirectengagementwithTehran.（歐洲國家可以向華盛頓提出一個計劃……如果華盛頓能拋出更大的誘惑：直接與德黑蘭聯(lián)系），這是作者為解決伊朗核問題向歐洲國家提出的建議里的內容，并不是作者對華盛頓態(tài)度的看法，排除；C選項“美國政府應該放棄伊朗的核野心”與問題無關，且選項本身邏輯不能自洽，美國政府無法放棄伊朗的核野心，只有伊朗政府自己可以，排除。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

30.觀點態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者在這個問題上的觀點”，根據本文開頭第1句thereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon:anIranambitiousfornukes（還有另一個日益增長的危險正在逼近：伊朗的核武器野心），并通觀全文可知，thisissue“這個問題”指的是“伊朗核問題”，根據題干可定位到文章最后兩段。倒數(shù)第二段EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan（歐洲國家可以向華盛頓提出一個計劃），接著講華盛頓應該怎么做；最后一段首句Butforanyofthistohappen,Europemustbewillingtoplayanactive,assertiverole（但要實現(xiàn)這一切，歐洲必須愿意扮演積極、自信的角色），接著講歐洲具體該怎么做。由此可知，作者認為美國和歐洲應該聯(lián)合起來，D選項“美國和歐洲應共同努力來減少危險”最符合作者的觀點。A選項“不同意美國的態(tài)度”、B選項“既不贊同美國人的態(tài)度，也不贊同歐洲人的努力”、C選項“不滿意歐洲的努力”都不是作者對“伊朗核問題”的看法，而是對其他國家關于“伊朗核問題”的態(tài)度或做法的評價。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

8.單選題

Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBono’snamewassofamous,Casper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachersmightsnap,“Wheredoyougetthatideafrom?”

“Wehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoit,”Edwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford—whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic.Infact,whenliewasapplyingtoOxford,noneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.“Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,”hisfathersays,“usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremelywell.”Soonafter,EdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbook,“TeachYourChildrenHowtoThink”，inwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.

Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence,andeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattle,tryingtoteachthemtothink?‘‘Youknow,”EdwarddeBonosays,“ifyouexaminepeople’sthinking,itisquiteunusualtofindfaultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.”“TeachYourChildHowtoThink”offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.

1.WhatisTRUEaboutCasper?

2.CaspersucceededinapplyingtoOxfordbecause（

）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward（

）.

4.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsexpressesEdwarddeBono’sview?

5.LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.HeisEdward'sson.

B.Heisanadventurousthinker.

C.Hefirstdescribedlateralthinking.

D.Heisoftenscoldedbyhisteacher.

問題2選項

A.hewascarefulandoftenoverworked

B.allofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance

C.heusedintheexamthetechniquesprovidedbyhisfather

D.hereadthebook"TeachYourChildHowtoThink”beforetheexam

問題3選項

A.waslikelytoimprovechildren’slogicwithhisbook

B.gaveadescriptionoflateralthinkingseveralyearsafterhissonwasborn.

C.waspromptedtostudylateralthinkingbecausehissonwasslightlydyslexic

D.oncetaughtbusinessmenhowtothinkbeforehewroteforparentsandchildren

問題4選項

A.Everybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.

B.Itisanuphillbattletryingtoteachchildrentothink.

C.Weoftenthinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.

D.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence.

問題5選項

A.improvingone’slogicinthinking

B.improvingone’sperceptioninthinking

C.seeingtheimplicationsofwhatyouaresaying

D.exploringthealternativesforwhatyouaresaying

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據文章第一段第二句，“”YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBono’snamewassofamous…”，根據轉折連詞but，可判斷你可以想象卡斯帕是一個敢于大膽的思考者，但是事實相反。選項B可排除。根據文章第一句，“Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967…”，可知橫向思維在1967年由愛德華?波諾首次提出，所以不是卡斯帕首次提出的。根據文章第一段，“Casper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachersmightsnap…”，可知卡斯珀的父母擔心，每當他在學校說一些聰明的話時，他的老師可能會叱責他，可判斷出卡斯珀被老師叱責是父母擔心的事，并沒有提到實際發(fā)生。根據排除法，選項A符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據文章第二段，“‘Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,’hisfathersays,‘usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremelywell.’”，可知然后他運用父親的思考方式進行了練習，最后考試考得非常好?？膳袛喑鯟asper成功考入牛津大學的原因是運用了父親提供的方法和技巧。選項C符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據文章第二段，“…h(huán)etransformsthethinkingskills….”，可知愛德華的書是用來傳播他的思考技巧，是為了教孩子們如何思考，并未提及邏輯思維，選項A可排除。根據文章第一段第一句，“Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.”，可知1967年，愛德華?波諾(EdwarddcBono)首次描述了“橫向思維”，是在愛德華的兒子出生的前幾年提出的?？膳袛喑霾⒉皇窃趦鹤映錾蟛琶枋隽藱M向思維，選項B可排除。因為愛德華在兒子出生前幾年就提出了橫向思維，所以不是因為兒子的原因而去研究這種方法，選項C可排除。根據文章第二段最后一句，“…h(huán)etransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.”，可知他將自己用來培養(yǎng)商人思維的技能轉化為供父母和孩子們分享的非正式練習?？膳袛喑鰫鄣氯A在為父母和孩子寫作之前，曾教商人如何思考。選項D符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據文章第三段，“Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.”，可知愛德華認為我們常常思考效率低下，因為我們的視野太有限。選項C為文章的原話，選項C符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據文章第三段，“‘TeachYourChildHowtoThink’offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.”，可知《教你的孩子如何思考》這本書提供認知改善的課程，清楚地了解你所說的話的含義，并探索其他選擇?？膳袛喑鰴M向思維涉及的方面包括提升思維認知能力，了解說話的含義以及探索自己所說的話的其他可供選擇的表達，不包括提升邏輯思考能力。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

ThomasLeech（）averysuccessfulcareerasaphotographer.

問題1選項

A.builtup

B.carvedout

C.foughtfor

D.stumbledon

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。buildup“增強，加強”；carvedout“創(chuàng)業(yè)，開創(chuàng)”；foughtfor“為而奮斗”；stumbleon“無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶然遇到”。句意：托馬斯作為一名攝影師開創(chuàng)了一份成功的事業(yè)。選項B符合題意。

10.單選題

Theworkhas________thestatusofaclassicamongthecomposer’sadmirers.

問題1選項

A.required

B.acquired

C.inquired

D.inspired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項required“要求”；B選項acquired“獲得，取得”；C選項inquired“詢問，問明”；D選項inspired“激發(fā)，鼓舞”。句意：這個作品在作曲者的追隨者中（）經典的地位，作品和追隨者心目中的地位是需要獲得的，所以B選項acquire最合適。

11.單選題

Shecontrivedtogetaglimpseofthelightoftruthhereandthere,andhopedthat（）raymightsufficetoguideher.

問題1選項

A.scant

B.scarce

C.meager

D.sparse

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項scant“不足的，缺乏的”，強調的是勉強足夠的；B選項scarce“缺乏的，稀有的”，強調的是“稀缺、珍貴”；C選項meager“貧乏的”，多指收入微??；D選項sparse“稀疏的，稀少的”，強調人煙稀少，資源匱乏。句意：她設法在各處瞥見一點真理的光芒，希望那微弱的光芒足以引導她。這里強調的是勉強足夠的，所以選項A更符合語境。

12.單選題

WheneverIworriedthatourconnectionmightbefading,Iopenedthedrawerandfelthisenergy（

）aroundmelikeafreedcanary.

問題1選項

A.flutterup

B.adhereto

C.flashback

D.queueup

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。flutterup“撲閃起來”；adhereto“堅持；粘附”；flashback“；反射”；queueup“排隊等候”。句意：每當我擔心我們之間的聯(lián)系會逐漸淡去時，我就打開抽屜，感受他的活力就像一只放飛自由的金絲雀圍繞著我。由likeafreedcanary可知A項符合語境，答案A

13.單選題

Inordertocontrolanddefeatthedreadfuldiseasesthat____humanity,concertedactivityisnecessary.

問題1選項

A.infect

B.eliminate

C.incredulous

D.plague

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.infect感染；傳染B.eliminate消除；排除

C.incredulous懷疑的；不輕信的D.plague困擾；折磨

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】首先，空格處是從句謂語，應填入一個動詞，其次，該詞的賓語為人類，主語為致命的疾病，D選項plague“困擾；折磨”符合語義邏輯。

【干擾項排除】

A選項infect“感染，傳染”，沒有足夠的信息表明疾病是傳染??；

B選項eliminate“消除；排除”，疾病還不足以消滅人類；

C選項incredulous“懷疑的；不輕信的”，該詞為形容詞，非動詞，不符合語境。

【句意】為了控制和戰(zhàn)勝困擾人類的致命的疾病，協(xié)調一致的行動是必要的。

14.單選題

Thisisafarfrom（）book—itisarichmixofpleasuresandinformation,andisfullofsurprises.

問題1選項

A.solemn

B.solid

C.solitary

D.sophisticated

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。solemn“莊嚴的，嚴肅的”；solid“固體的，可靠的”；solitary“孤獨的，獨居的”；sophisticated“復雜的，久經世故的”。句意：這完全不是一本嚴肅的書——充滿趣味，信息豐富還有各種驚喜。根據破折號后面的句意可知，選項A符合題意。

15.單選題

Wecannotalways（）thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.

問題1選項

A.hangon

B.holdon

C.counton

D.comeon

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。hangon“堅持下去，不掛斷”；holdon“堅持，繼續(xù)”；counton“指望，依靠”；comeon“開始”。句意：我們不能總是依靠風，所以新的風車應該設計得也能由水驅動。選項C符合題意。

16.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubsistence,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultiple-earner,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsareelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorpro