考研考博-英語-上海興偉學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海興偉學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thedeclineinmoralstandards——whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.

Thefacttheordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothinkseriouslyaboutthenation’smoralclimate,saysthisethicsprofessorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohopethatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.

Butthechallengeisnottobeunderestimated.MaterialismandindividualisminAmericansocietyarethebiggestobstacles.“Thethoughtthat‘I’minitforme’hasbecomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness,”Ms.Elshtainsays.

Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegrationoftraditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutforoneanother,shesays.Withtoday’sgreatermobilityandwithsomanycouplesworking,thosebondshavebeenweakened,replacedbyagreateremphasisonself.

Ina1996pollofAmericans,lossofmoralitytoppedthelistofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheU.S.AndElshtainsaysthepubliciscorrecttosensethat:DatashowthatAmericansarestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s,suchasclassroomviolenceandahighrateofbirthstounmarriedmothers.

Thedesireforahighermoralstandardisnotalamentforsomenonexistent“goldenage,”Elshtainsays,norisitawishfullongingforatimethatdeniedopportunitiestowomenandminorities.Mostpeople,infact,favorthelesseningofprejudice.

Moraldeclinewillnotbereverseduntilpeoplefindwaystocounterthematerialisminsociety,shesays.“Slowly,yourecognizethatthethingsthatmatterarethosethatcan’tbebought.”

1.ProfessorElshtainispleasedtoseethatAmericans（）.

2.ThemoraldeclineofAmericansocietyiscausedmainlyby（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesthetraditionalcommunities?

4.Inthe1950s,classroomviolence（）.

5.AccordingtoElshtain,thecurrentmoraldeclinemaybereversed（）.

問題1選項

A.haveadaptedtoanewsetofmoralstandards

B.arelongingforthereturnofthegoodolddays

C.haverealizedtheimportanceofmaterialthings

D.areawakeningtotheloweringoftheirmoralstandards

問題2選項

A.itsgrowingwealth

B.theself-centerednessofindividuals

C.underestimatingtheimpactofsocialchanges

D.theprejudiceagainstwomenandminorities

問題3選項

A.Greatmobility.

B.Concernforone’sneighbors.

C.Emphasisonindividualeffort

D.Ever-weakeningsocialbonds.

問題4選項

A.wassomethingunheardof

B.wasbynomeansarareoccurrence

C.attractedalotofpublicattention

D.begantoappearinanalysts’data

問題5選項

A.ifpeoplecanreturntothe“goldenage”

B.whenwomenandmenenjoyequalrights

C.whenpeopleridthemselvesofprejudice

D.iflessemphasisislaidonmaterialthings

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Elshtain&pleased”定位到第一段”Thedeclineinmoralstandards—whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.”由此可知,Elshtain教授很高興看到大多數(shù)美國人開始認(rèn)識到社會道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的下降。選項D符合原文。

2.根據(jù)到第三段的二、三句,“MaterialismandindividualisminAmericansocietyarethebiggestobstacles.”美國社會的物質(zhì)主義和個人主義是最大的障礙。選項B以自我為中心的個人主義思想，符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第一句話,“Someofthiscanbeattributedtothedisintegrationoftraditionalcommunities,inwhichneighborslookedoutforoneanother.”可知，選項B正確。

4.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“1950”定位到第三段第二句話,“DatashowthatAmericansarestrugglingwithproblemsunheardofinthe1950s,suchasclassroomviolenceandahighrateofbirthstounmarriedmothers.”“unheardofinthe1950s”指在1950年代聞所未聞，由此說明1950年代不存在校園暴力。選項A正確。

5.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Elshtain¤tmoraldecline”定位到最后一段的第一句話“Moraldeclinewillnotbereverseduntilpeoplefindwaystocounterthematerialisminsociety.”除非人們找到對抗社會物質(zhì)主義的方法，否則道德滑坡是不會逆轉(zhuǎn)的。由此可見,當(dāng)人們減少對物質(zhì)的追求時,道德水準(zhǔn)的下降趨勢可能得以扭轉(zhuǎn)。選項D符合原文。

2.單選題

The（

）ofelectroniccomputershasopenedupnewwaysofdataanalysisforthescientist.

問題1選項

A.advent

B.adverse

C.advert

D.advise

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。句意：電子計算機(jī)的出現(xiàn)為科學(xué)家的數(shù)據(jù)分析開辟了新的道路。advent“來臨”，名詞；adverse“不利的；相反的”，形容詞；advert“引起注意”，動詞；advise“建議”，動詞。根據(jù)題意，選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Themagicianpickedseveralpersons（

）fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelp

himwiththeperformance.

問題1選項

A.byaccident

B.onoccasion

C.onaverage

D.atrandom

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。Byaccident“偶然地”；onoccasion“有時”；onaverage“平均地”；atrandom“隨意地，任意地”。句意：魔術(shù)師從觀眾中隨便挑了幾個人協(xié)助他進(jìn)行表演。選項D符合題意。

4.單選題

NASAiscastingawidernetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland（）momentsbeforeitwastoland.

問題1選項

A.disassemble

B.disembark

C.disintegrate

D.disinherit

【答案】C

【解析】考查同形詞詞義辨析。disassemble“拆開；解開”；disembark“登錄；上岸”；disintegrate“瓦解；破裂”；disinherit“剝奪……的繼承權(quán)”，飛船失去控制的搖擺，然后在快要著陸的瞬間應(yīng)該會發(fā)生比較嚴(yán)重的事件，分析四個選項的意思可知此處只有disintegrate符合句子意思。句意：美國宇航局全方位的展開了對航天飛機(jī)的調(diào)查，關(guān)于是什么導(dǎo)致了飛船失去控制的搖擺，并在最后要著陸的時候……了。故正確答案為選項C。

5.單選題

Hesaidtherewasagreatgapbetweentheviewsexpressedinthemediaandwhat（

）peoplewerethinking

問題1選項

A.usual

B.general

C.normal

D.ordinary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說媒體表達(dá)出來的觀點與普通大眾所想之間存在巨大的差距。usual“普通的”;general“一般的”；normal“正常的；正規(guī)的”；ordinary“普通的，平凡的”。ordinarypeople“普通人，一般人”。根據(jù)句意，選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

Shakenbytwodecadesofvirtualanarchy,themajorityofpeoplewerereadytobuy_______atanyprice.

問題1選項

A.order

B.emancipation

C.hope

D.liberty

【答案】A

【解析】order命令,秩序;emancipation解放,釋放;hope希望,信心;liberty自由,許可。句意：二十年的無政府狀態(tài)動搖了大多數(shù)人,他們準(zhǔn)備好不惜任何代價來換取秩序。選項A符合句意。

7.翻譯題

RawmaterialsandpartiallyfinishedgoodsaresenttospecialborderzonefactoriesinsideMexicowhereadditionalassemblyworkiscompletedonthegoods,whicharethentransferredbacktotheUnitedStates.Alldutiesarewaivedbybothgovernments,exceptonthevalueaddedbytheadditionalmanufacturingprocessestakingplaceinMexico.Obviously,themostdesirablebarterwouldbeforgoodsthefirmwouldotherwisehavetopurchaseontheopenmarket.Secondmostdesirablewouldbegoodsthattheglobalsourcingmanagerseesareadymarketforwherehardcurrencycanbeearnedfromtheirsale.

【答案】

原材料和半成品被送往墨西哥境內(nèi)的邊境特區(qū)工廠，在那里完成貨物的附加組裝工作，然后再被轉(zhuǎn)回美國。除了在墨西哥進(jìn)行的額外生產(chǎn)過程所增加的價值外，兩國政府對其他部分都放棄關(guān)稅。顯然，最理想的易貨交易對象是公司在自由市場上必須購買的商品。第二可取的是那些商品：全球采購經(jīng)理看到了一個現(xiàn)成的市場，可以從該商品的銷售中獲得硬通貨。

8.單選題

Ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatthesizeoftheuniverse（

）ourimagination.

問題1選項

A.transforms

B.transfers

C.transpires

D.transcends

【答案】D

【解析】transform改變，轉(zhuǎn)化；transfer轉(zhuǎn)移，移交；transpire蒸發(fā)，泄露；transcend勝過，超越。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為宇宙的大小超出了我們的想象。選項D符合句意。

9.單選題

AfterbreakfastIwentoutintothegarden.Springhadcomelatethatyear,makingnonsenseoflastyear’sgrandioseplans;IwastoSundaysofharddiggingbehindschedule.HarlingCrescentwaspartofanewhousingestateoffSt.ClairPark,oroffEarlRoad,dependingonwhichwayyouwantedtolookatit.(TheestateagentsgenerallycalledittheParkDevelopment,theworldParkhavingmorestatusthatRoad.)

WiththeexceptionofafewbighousesonEarlRoaditself,there’dbeennobuildinginthedistrictuntilafterthewar.WewerethefirstoccupantsofNumberSevenHarlingCrescent,andthegardenhadbeenawildernesswhenwemovedin.Now,afterthreeyearsduringwhichIseemedtohavedonelittleelsebutweedanddigandaddcartloadsoflimeandmanure,itwasbeginningtolookcrediblethatinabouttenyears’timeitmightberemotelylikethegardeninHunlittandLesper’sbrochure.Itwouldn’t,Iknew,boastquiteasmanyrosesandcherry-treesorhavesuchasmoothlygreenlawnorsuchagreeablyfantastictopiarywork,norcouldIeverhopeforalimousineofanythingnearthedimensions(thebonnet,accordingtomycalculations,beingsomefifteenfeetlong)tostandinthedrive.Ihadfewillusionsleftaboutmyvaluetomyfather-in-law’sbusiness.ButitWouldbedefinitelyagarden,andwe’dhaveteathereinthesummerandeatourownstrawberriesandthere’dbeaplayhouseforBarbaraand,assheherselfwouldputit,flowers.Barbarawouldcomehomefromschoolandtherewouldbe“pretty”flowers.Aboveall,thegardenwouldbesomethingI’dmade,somethingwhichbelongedtome,thepoetwhowroteaboutGodwalkinginhisgardeninthecoolofeveninghadgotitallwrong;Ivaluedmygarden-becauseitwasabouttheonlyplaceintheworld,inwhichI,JoeLampton,couldwalkasJoeLampton.

And,sinceI’dbeenthinkingofbeingtwoSundaysbehindschedule,itwastheonlyplacewhereIdidn’tlivetoschedule;inagardenonedidthingsbyseasonandweathernotbyclockandcalendar.

TheSt.ClairmansionstoodnorthofHarlingCrescentwiththeSt.ClairFollyOnthecrestofthehillaboveit.Itwasstillapleasuretolookat,itsproportionsofbalanceandorderandsimplicitywerestillacceptabletome;andtherehadbeenatimewhenthefactofmymother-in-lawbeingaSt.Clairhadgivenmeafeelingofpart-ownershipoftheplace:becausetheSt.Clairsweremychildren’sancestorstheywereminetoo.IfanythingIdidthefamilycredit;amongthemorenotableSt.Clairswereatleasttwoknownmurderers,threeconvictedtraitors,andoneparticularlyambitiousgentlemanwhowasrumoredbothtohaveofferedhisfifteen-year-olddaughtertoEdwardIIandtohavehelpedtoarrangeEdward’smurderatBerkeley.Heiress-huntingandrobberyofonekindoranothertheyallseemedtohavetakenforgranted;Peregrine,whobuildtheFollyin1810,wentthroughtwowives’fortunesandthenmadeanotherascolonelofaregiment.Hewasevensupposedtohavedoneadealwiththedenture-makersofthetime-whoextractedteethfromthedeadonthefieldofbattle;IcameacrossthistidbitinananonymousChartistpamphletwhichReggieScurrahshowedmeattheLibrary.

Reggiehadexpectedmetobeshocked;insteadIwasmildlytitillated.Thathadbeensomesevenyearsago:nowtheStClairshadlosttheirglamourasfarasIwasconcerned.True,whenawayfromWarleyIalwaysmanagedtobringmywife’sancestorsintotheconversation;Ihadneverdislikedanassociationwithanamewhich—allthemoresoforthefamilybeingextinct—wasasymbolofdoomedaristocracy,pennonsagainstthesunset,trumpetsatRoncesvalles,andalltherestofit.ButnowIusedthissocialgambitonlywhenIrememberedto.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thenameoftheestateonwhichhishousewasbuiltwas（）.

2.Bysaying"ifanythingIdidthefamilycredit”(Para.4),theauthormeantthat（

）.

3.ItisknownfromthepassagethattheSt.Clairsseemedtoregard（）.

4.Theword"boast"inParagraph2mostprobablymeans"（）".

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheauthor'sattitudetowardstheStClairfamilyis（）.

問題1選項

A.splendid

B.elegant

C.snobbish

D.prudent

問題2選項

A.hehadagoodopinionoftheStClairfamily

B.hegrantedtheStClairfamilysomecredits

C.heowedsomemoneytotheStClairfamily

D.hewasmorerespectablethansomemembersoftheSt.Clairfamily

問題3選項

A.marryingformoney

B.robbingone'swife

C.makingfortunes

D.sellingtheteethofdeadsoldiers

問題4選項

A.brag

B.possess

C.arrange

D.pluck

問題5選項

A.detached

B.positive

C.cynical

D.liberal

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:文章第一段提到HarlingCrescent是新住宅區(qū)的一部分，遠(yuǎn)離St.Clair或者Earl路。房產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人一般稱這里為Park，因為Park比Road地位要高，所以作者認(rèn)為這個地方的取名很虛榮，很勢利，選項C符合題意。

第2題:文章第四段提到有名的St.Clairs家族出的一些人，比如至少有兩名殺人犯，三個被判罪的叛徒還有一個將自己15歲女兒送給愛德華二世并且還參與了發(fā)生在伯克利的愛德華謀殺事件的一個紳士。這些都能證明作者在某些地方比他們的信譽(yù)要高，選項D符合題意。

第3題:文章第四段提到后半段提及謀求成為女繼承人和搶劫這樣的事情對他們家族的人來說都是理所當(dāng)然。Peregrine在1810年建造了Folly,他獲得了兩個妻子的財富，又做團(tuán)長獲得了另外一筆財富，從這些都可以看出St.Clairs認(rèn)為追求財富都是理所當(dāng)然，選項C符合題意。

第4題:文章第二段Iwouldn’t,Iknew,boastquiteasmanyrosesandcherry-treesorhavesuchasmoothlygreenlawn…提到花園中不能有太多玫瑰花和櫻桃樹，boast在句子中是“擁有”的意思，所以選項B符合題意。

第5題:文章作者講述St.Clair家族時是用諷刺的語氣講述的，比如講述他們家出了殺人犯、叛徒，還有為了積累財富不擇手段等等。所以選項C符合題意。

10.單選題

Childrenarealways（

）aboutthingstheydonotknow.

問題1選項

A.queer

B.strange

C.curious

D.quaint

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。queer“奇怪的，異常的”；strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；curious“好奇的”；quaint“奇怪的，離奇有趣的”。句意：孩子們總是對未知事物充滿好奇。C項符合題意，答案C

11.單選題

Althoughthereareoccasionaloutbreaksofgunfire,wecanreportthattherebellionhasinthemainbeen（）.

問題1選項

A.canceled

B.destroyed

C.suppressed

D.restrained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:雖然偶爾會爆發(fā)槍聲，但我們可以報道，叛亂基本上已被鎮(zhèn)壓。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去分詞形式。cancel取消;刪去；destroy破壞;消滅;毀壞;suppress抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓；restrain抑制；約束。該動詞的主語是therebellion(這場叛亂)，因此C項符合句意。

12.單選題

Someoftheideasareverysimpleandsoundintuitivelyplausible.Theunderlinedpartmeans（）.

問題1選項

A.directly

B.reasonably

C.frankly

D.instinctively

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項directly“直接地；立即；馬上”；B選項reasonably“合理地；相當(dāng)?shù)?；適度地”；C選項frankly“坦率地；老實說”；D選項instinctively“本能地”。intuitively意為“直觀地；直覺地”，D選項的意思最為接近。句意：有些想法非常簡單，聽起來覺得很有道理。

13.單選題

Trytheproductoutinthecomfortofyourownhomewithabsolutelyno（

）tobuy.

問題1選項

A.commitment

B.engagement

C.persuasion

D.preservation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。commitment“承諾，許諾”；engagement“訂婚，婚約，約會”；persuasion“勸說，說服”；preservation“保存，保留”。句意：可以在自己家里隨意試用本產(chǎn)品且根本不用承諾買該產(chǎn)品。A項符合題意。

14.單選題

Inresponsetothesignals,therobotarmsmakescribblesonwhitecanvaswiththreecoloredmarkersattachedtotheendofthearms.

問題1選項

A.images

B.scripts

C.scratches

D.characters

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項images“圖像；影像；肖像”；B選項scripts“原稿”；C選項scratches“刮傷；刮花”；D選項characters“特性；人物角色”。句意：作為對信號的回應(yīng)，機(jī)器人手臂會在白色畫布上涂鴉，手臂末端有三個彩色標(biāo)記。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞markers“記號”，得知B選項正確。

15.單選題

26-30

問題1選項

A.Eight-year-olds.

B.Twelve-year-olds.

C.Seventeen-year-olds.

D.Adults.

問題2選項

A.TheuseoffMRI.

B.Theuseofcomputertasks.

C.Thethree-waydivisionofthesubjects.

D.Theinstructionsgiventothesubjects.

問題3選項

A.12-year-oldsrespondstronglytonegativefeedback.

B.12-year-oldsfunctionthesameas8-year-olds.

C.8-year-oldsfunctionalmostthesameasadults.

D.12-year-oldsfunctionalmostthesameasadults.

問題4選項

A.Notbad.

B.Excellent.

C.Notsogood.

D.Gotitwrongthistime.30.

問題5選項

A.Scientists.

B.Thegeneralpublic.

C.Teachersatthekindergarten.

D.ChildrenwithAttentionDeficitDisorder

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】Eight-year-oldchildrenhavearadicallydifferentlearningstrategyfromtwelve-year-oldsandadults.(29)Eight-year-oldslearnprimarilyfrompositivefeedback,whereasnegativefeedbackscarcelycausesanyalarmbellstoring.(26)Twelve-year-oldsarebetterabletoprocessnegativefeedback,anduseittolearnfromtheirmistakes.Adultsdothesame,butmoreefficiently.DrEvelineCroneandhercolleaguesfromtheLeidenBrainandCognitionLabusedfMRIresearchtocomparethebrainsofthreedifferentagegroups:childrenofeighttonineyears,childrenofeleventotwelveyears,andadultsagedbetween18and25years.(27)Thisthree-waydivisionhadneverbeenmadebefore;thecomparisonisgenerallymadebetweenchildrenandadults.Croneherselfwassurprisedattheoutcome:(28)“Wehadexpectedthatthebrainsofeight-year-oldswouldfunctioninexactlythesamewayasthebrainsoftwelve-year-olds,butmaybenotquitesowell.Childrenlearnthewholetime,sothisnewknowledgecanhavemajorconsequencesforpeoplewantingtoteachchildren:howcanyoubestrelayinstructionstoeight-andtwelve-year-olds?”Theresearchersgavechildrenofbothagegroupsandadultsaged18to25acomputertaskwhiletheylayintheMRIscanner.Thetaskrequiredthemtodiscoverrules.Iftheydidthiscorrectly,atickappearedonthescreen,otherwiseacrossappeared.MRIscansshowedwhichpartsofthebrainwereactivated.ThesesurprisingresultssetCronethinking.“Youstarttothinklessintermsof‘good’and‘notsogood’.Childrenofeightmaywellbeabletolearnextremelydifferently,onlytheydoitinadifferentway.”

26.Accordingtothetalk,whichofthefollowinggroupscanbestlearnfromtheirmistakes?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音可知，與8歲左右的孩子比較起來，12歲的孩子能接受負(fù)面反饋并從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，成年人也會如此，但更有效率(moreefficiently)。因此，本題選D。

27.WhatisnewaboutDr.Crone’sresearch?

【解析】短文中說：Thisthree-waydivisionhadneverbeenmadebefore，即這種三個層次的分界以前從未有過。因此本題正確答案為C。

28.WhathadDr.Croneandhercolleaguesexpected?

【解析】Crone博士和同事對結(jié)果也是大吃一驚，他們原本認(rèn)為(hadexpected)8歲孩子與12歲孩子的大腦工作方式會完全一致，結(jié)果卻不是。因此本題正確答案為B。.

29.Whichofthefollowingfeedbackcanbeststimulatetheeightyear-oldstolearn?

【解析】從錄音中可知，8歲的孩子在正面反饋的刺激下會做得更好。這也是他們與12歲孩子不一樣的地方。故本題答案為A。

30.Accordingtothetalk,whichgroupofpeoplewouldlearnandbenefitmost?

【解析】錄音中提到，thisnewknowledgecanhavemajorconsequencesforpeoplewantingtoteachchildren(這種新知識對想教孩子學(xué)習(xí)的人來講有重要的意義)。因此本題正確答案為C。

16.翻譯題

HanDynasty,foundedin202BC,wasoneofthelongestdynastiesinChinesehistory.Itwasdividedintotwoperiods:theWesternHanDynastyandtheEasternHanDynasty.Consideredagoldenage,HanDynastycreatedagloriouscivilizationinvariousaspects,includingeconomy,culture,artaswellasscienceandtechnology,etc.HanDynastylaidafoundationfortheethniccultureoftheHanNationality,andConfucianismrespectedbytheWesternHanDynastybecamethemainstreamideologyofChina.

【答案】漢朝建于公元前202年，是中國歷史上存在時間最長的朝代之一，分為西漢與東漢兩個階段。漢朝被稱為黃金時代，在經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、藝術(shù)和科技等各個方面均創(chuàng)造了輝煌的文明。漢朝奠定了漢民族的民族文化，西漢所尊崇的儒家思想成為中國的主流思想。

17.單選題

TheNewTestamentwasnotonlywrittenintheGreeklanguage,butideasderivedfromGreekphilosophywere（）inmanypartsofit.

問題1選項

A.criticized

B.incorporated

C.summoned

D.translated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。criticize“批評”；incorporate“包含；合并”；summon“召喚，召集”；translate“翻譯，轉(zhuǎn)化”。句意：《新約》不僅是用希臘文寫的，而且它其中許多部分吸收了源于希臘哲學(xué)的思想。選項B符合題意。

18.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETacompositionofabout250wordsbasedonthetopic“EducationMakesABetterFuture”.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.

Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyouropinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.

【答案】略

19.翻譯題

為了尋找實驗室試驗的替代品，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家十分關(guān)注歷史所提供的自然實驗。例如，當(dāng)中東戰(zhàn)爭中斷了原油運(yùn)輸時，全世界石油價格飛漲。對石油和石油產(chǎn)品的消費(fèi)者來說，這個事件降低了他們的生活水平。對經(jīng)濟(jì)決策者來說，它提出了選擇最優(yōu)反應(yīng)的難題。但對經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)家來說，它提供了研究關(guān)鍵自然資源對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)影響的機(jī)會，而且，在戰(zhàn)爭引起的石油價格上漲結(jié)束后，這種機(jī)會還會持續(xù)很長時間。因此，在本書中我們要考慮許多歷史事件。這些事件之所以具有研究價值，既是因為它們能使我們了解過去的經(jīng)濟(jì)，更重要的則是因為它們使我們可以說明并評價現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.

【答案】Inordertofindasubstituteforlaboratoryexperiments,economistspaycloseattentiontothenaturalexperimentsprovidedbyhistory.WhenawarintheMiddleEastinterruptedtheflowofcrudeoil,forinstance,oilpricessoaredupthroughouttheworld.Forconsumersinoilandoilproducts,suchaneventhasreducedtheirlivingstandards.Foreconomicpolicymakers,itputsforwardtheproblemofchoosingthebestresponse.Butforeconomicscientists,itprovidesanopportunitytostudytheimpactofkeynaturalresourcesontheworldeconomy,andthisopportunitywillpersistforlongafterthewartimeincreaseinoilpriceisover.Therefore,throughoutthisbookwewillconsideralotofhistoricalevents.Theseeventsarevaluabletostudybecausetheyenableustounderstandtheeconomyofthepast,andmoreimportantly,becausetheyallowustoillustrateandevaluatethecurrenteconomictheories.

20.單選題

ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.TheCausewayCoasthasanunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformationsrepresentingvolcanicactivityduringtheEarlyTertiaryPeriodsome5060millionyearsago.ItsTertiarylavasoftheAntrimPlateau,coveringsome3,800sqkm,representthelargestremaininglavaplateauinEurope.

TheCausewayisamassofbasaltcolumnspackedtightlytogether.Thetopsofthecolumnsformsteppingstonesthatleadfromtheclifffootanddisappearunderthesea.Altogetherthereare40,000ofthesestonecolumns,mostlyhexagonal,butsomearequadrangular,pentagonal,heptagonalandoctagonal.Thetallestateabout40feethigh,andthesolidifiedlavainthecliffsis90feetthickinplaces.

AfinecircularwalkwilltakeyoudowntotheGiant’sCauseway,pastamphitheatresofstonecolumnsandformationswithfancifulnamesliketheHoneycomb,theWishingWell,andtheGiant’sGranny,pastawoodenstaircasetoBenbaneHead,andbackalongthecliff-top.Furtherdownthecoast,thestunningCarrick-a-rederopebridgespansagapingchasmbetweenthecoastandasmallislandusedbyfishermen.Theeighty-footdropcanbecrossedviatheswingingbridge―andisnotforthefaint-hearted!

TheGiant’sCausewayandCausewayCoastsitewasinscribedasaWorldHeritageSitebyUNESCOin1986.ThesiteisofoutstandinguniversalvalueandmeetsthecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention.Namely,itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures;moreover,italsocontainssuperlativenaturalphenomenaandareasofexceptionalnaturalbeautyandaestheticimportance.

MoyleDistrictCouncil’sCausewayVisitorCentreisopendailyallyearroundandlocatedontheclifftop1kmfromthesite.TheCentreistheidealstartingpointforwalksalongthecoastalandcliff-toppaths,providingallexcellentrangeofvisitorservices.A12-minuteaudio-visualpresentation,withcommentaryavailablein5Europeanlanguages,enablesvisitorstofurtherexploretheoriginsoftheGiant’sCausewaythroughlocalfolkloreandscientifictheory,andhighlightsthemanyotherattractionsoftheCausewayCoastandGlensofAntrimarea.

50.TheGiant’sCausewaywascreatedby______.

51.ThelastsentenceinParagraph3impliesthatthetripontheswingingbridgeisquite______.

52.WhichoftheGiant’sCauseway’sfeaturesbestfitswiththecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention?

53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheGiant’sCauseway?

問題1選項

A.theancientIrishpeople

B.thegiantFinnMcCool

C.thevolcanicactivities

D.thedriftoflavaplateau

問題2選項

A.inviting

B.intimidating

C.eye-opening

D.heart-breaking

問題3選項

A.Itsunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformations.

B.Itsamphitheatreswithfancilynamedstonecolumns.

C.ItslargestremaininglavaplateauinEurope.

D.Itsswingingropebridgebetweenthecoastandalittleisle.

問題4選項

A.Itprovidesvisitorsgrandandbreath-takingviews.

B.ItisasourceofliteraryinspirationfortheancientIrish.

C.Itservesasanexcellentpieceofmaterialforscientificresearch.

D.ItdwarfsmanyotherWorldHeritageSitesinEurope.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】50.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“巨人之路是由……創(chuàng)造的”。根據(jù)文章第一句ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.（潛伏在陸地盡頭、荒涼的海堤下的巨人之路，肯定讓古代愛爾蘭人感到驚奇，他們隨后受到啟發(fā)并創(chuàng)造了有關(guān)它的建造者的傳說，即巨人芬恩麥庫爾）和第二句TheCausewayCoasthasanunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformationsrepresentingvolcanicactivityduringtheEarlyTertiaryPeriodsome5060millionyearsago.（堤道海岸有著無與倫比的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造，代表了約5億6千萬年前第三紀(jì)早期的火山活動），以及第四段中的TheGiant’sCausewayandCausewayCoastsitewasinscribedasaWorldHeritageSite…itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures（巨人之路和堤道海岸于1986年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄……它是一個杰出的例子，代表了地球歷史的主要階段，包括生命的記錄：在地形發(fā)展中的重要的持續(xù)地質(zhì)過程，以及重要的地貌和地貌特征），可知，巨人之路的創(chuàng)造是由于火山的活動而產(chǎn)生了持續(xù)的地質(zhì)過程，從而形成巨人之路，所以C項“火山活動”正確。A項“古代愛爾蘭人”錯誤；D項“熔巖高原的漂移”中的“漂移”文中沒有提及；B項“巨人芬恩麥庫爾”為干擾項，文章第一句說到了legend（神話），可知巨人之路是由巨人芬恩麥庫爾創(chuàng)造的并不是真實發(fā)生的事情，而是愛爾蘭人們?yōu)榱私忉屵@一現(xiàn)象而創(chuàng)造出來的神話，該項不選。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

51.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“第三段的最后一句話暗示了在搖擺橋上的旅行是相當(dāng)……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段最后一句Theeighty-footdropcanbecrossedviatheswingingbridge―andisnotforthefaint-hearted!（可以通過80英尺落差的搖擺橋，膽小的人可不行?。?，由最后的faint-hearted（怯懦的，膽怯的）就可以推知，搖擺橋是令人害怕的，B項“令人生畏的”正確。A項“誘人的，有魅力的”、C項“使人開眼界的”和D項“心碎的”都不正確。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

52.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“巨人之路的哪一個特征最符合世界遺產(chǎn)公約的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第四段ThesiteisofoutstandinguniversalvalueandmeetsthecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention.Namely,itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures;moreover,italsocontainssuperlativenaturalphenomenaandareasofexceptionalnaturalbeautyandaestheticimportance.（該遺址具有突出的普世價值，符合《世界遺產(chǎn)公約》規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。也就是說，它是一個杰出的例子，代表了地球歷史的主要階段，包括生命的記錄：在地形發(fā)展中的重要的持續(xù)地質(zhì)過程，以及重要的地貌和地貌特征；此外，它還包含了最高的自然現(xiàn)象和特殊的自然美和美學(xué)重要性的領(lǐng)域。），可知巨人之路的持續(xù)地質(zhì)過程、重要的地貌和地貌特征以及自然現(xiàn)象和自然美是最符合世界遺產(chǎn)公約的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所以A項“無與倫比的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造”最能概括這幾點。B項“它的圓形凹地有著名字奇特的石柱”、C項“歐洲最大的熔巖高原”和D項“在海岸和一個小島之間的搖擺繩索橋”都是包括在里面的。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“關(guān)于巨人之路，下列哪項是不正確的？”。由最后一段第二句TheCentreistheidealstartingpointforwalksalongthecoastalandcliff-toppaths,providingallexcellentrangeofvisitorservices.（該中心是沿海岸和懸崖的理想起點，為游客提供各種優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。）可知，A項“它為游客提供了壯麗的景色”符合原文。由文章第一句ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.（潛伏在陸地盡頭、荒涼的海堤下的巨人之路，肯定讓古代愛爾蘭人感到驚奇，他們隨后受到啟發(fā)并創(chuàng)造了有關(guān)它的建造者的傳說，即巨人芬恩麥庫爾）可知，B項“它是古代愛爾蘭文學(xué)靈感的來源”正確。由最后一段倒數(shù)第一句A12-minuteaudio-visualpresentation,withcommentaryavailablein5Europeanlanguages,enablesvisitorstofurtherexploretheoriginsoftheGiant’sCausewaythroughlocalfolkloreandscientifictheory…（12分鐘的視聽介紹，配有5種歐洲語言的解說，使游客可以通過當(dāng)?shù)氐拿耖g傳說和科學(xué)理論進(jìn)一步探索巨人之路的起源……）可知，巨人之路在科學(xué)理論的探索上發(fā)揮了作用，C項“它是科學(xué)研究的絕佳材料”也符合。只有D項“它使歐洲的許多其他世界遺產(chǎn)相形見絀”在文中并沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

21.單選題

Youcannotbe_______carefulwhenyoudriveacar.

問題1選項

A.very

B.too

C.so

D.enough

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：開車越小心就越好。B選項cannottoo加形容詞“越……越好”，其余選項非固定搭配且不符合題意。因此B選項正確。

22.單選題

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Now,twitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication―butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsan