新概念英語第二冊(cè)課件Lesson53

Lesson53JessieLesson53JessieWarmupReviewNewwordsGrammarTextWarmupReviewNewwordsGrammarT復(fù)習(xí)Part1復(fù)習(xí)Part1單詞Part2單詞Part2hot fireman cause examine accidentally remains windwire volt powerline solve mystery snatch sparkadj.帶電的，通電的n.消防隊(duì)員v.引起；n.原因v.檢查adv.意外地，偶然地n.尸體，殘骸v.纏繞n.電線n.伏特（電壓?jiǎn)挝唬╇娏€v.解決n.謎v.抓住n.電火花hot adj.帶電的，通電的hot adj.1）熱的，炎熱的Strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵。hot炎熱的warm溫暖的

cool涼爽的chilly寒冷的

cold寒冷的,嚴(yán)寒的2）調(diào)味品辣的辣椒是辣的.Pepperishot.hot adj.hot adj.3）強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的,熱烈的.haveahottemper脾氣暴躁4）帶電的ahotwire高壓電線hot adj.firemann.消防隊(duì)員hydrant[`haidr?nt]n.消防栓fireextinguisher滅火器

extinguish[ik`sti?gwi?]＝putout滅火firemanfireextinguishercause1）v.引起causesth 引起（麻煩）粗心導(dǎo)致事故。Carelessnesscausesaccidents.驕傲使人失敗。Pridecausesfailure.2）n.原因

Thecauseofsth……的起因Thereasonforsth……的理由causeThecauseofsthTheexamine1）v.仔細(xì)觀察,檢查,調(diào)查消防隊(duì)員檢查了森林的每一寸土地。Thefirefightersexaminedeveryinchoftheforest.2）v.診查醫(yī)生仔細(xì)的診察了病人。Thedoctorexaminedhispatientcarefully.3）v.考試,測(cè)試examinestudentsinEnglishn.exam考試=examinationexamineaccidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地adj.accidental意外的,偶然的

accident n.事故,意外車禍acaraccident偶然bychance=byaccident我偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)了金礦。Ifoundagoldminebyaccident.accidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地remains1）n.剩余物,殘余物

殘湯剩飯theremainsofameal2）n.(古建筑等物)遺址,廢墟

圓明園遺址theremainsofYuanmingyuan3）n.遺體,遺骸

毛主席的遺體theremainsofChairmanMaoremainswiren.金屬線，電線

telephonewires電話線electricwires電線wirelessadj.無線的

voltn.伏特voltagen.電壓,伏特?cái)?shù)wirepower1）電力，動(dòng)力

electricpower電力2）權(quán)力,支配力,勢(shì)力

politicalpower政治權(quán)力beyondone’spower力所不能及我無法回答這個(gè)問題。Itisbeyondmypowertoanswerthisquestion.powersolvev.解決,解答,回答

=workout解決問題solveaproblemn.solution解決,解答花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才找出解決方法。Ittookalongtimetofindthesolution.solvev.解決,解答,回答snatchv.搶,奪,掠取

賊把她的包搶走逃跑了。Thethiefsnatchedherbagandranaway.snatchAtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.atlast最后，終于（表示經(jīng)過一番努力之后。)他們終于翻過了這座大山。Atlasttheyclimbedoverthemountain．Atlastfiremenhaveputoutaputout1.把什么伸出去Thedoglikestoputitsheadoutthewindow.這只狗喜歡把頭伸到窗外面。2.熄滅Putoutthefire,beforeitgetsoutofcontrol.現(xiàn)在就把火熄滅，在它失控之前。3.出版Themagazinewasputoutlastmonth.這本雜志是上個(gè)月被出版的。4.關(guān)掉Pleaseputthelightout.請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉。putoutSincethen,theyhavebeentryingto

findouthowthefirebegan.sincethen從那時(shí)起，到現(xiàn)在為止findout表示經(jīng)過研究、努力等“發(fā)現(xiàn)”、“找出”、“查出”I'lltrytofindoutthenameofthepersonwhosavedmylife.我將設(shè)法查出救我命的那個(gè)人的姓名。howthefirebegan是findout的賓語，它是一個(gè)由疑問詞how引導(dǎo)的名詞從句Sincethen,theyhavebeentryForestfiresareoftencausedby

brokenglassorby

cigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.cigaretteends煙頭1)本句話采用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，是因?yàn)樵陉U述客觀事實(shí)2)which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞brokenglass和cigarette3)carelessly馬虎地、不小心地;反義詞carefully4)throwaway丟棄、丟掉ForestfiresareoftencausedYesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindany

brokenglass.beableto能夠；benotableto沒有能夠beableto&can1.beableto可以有各種時(shí)態(tài)，而can只有一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。Icouldhelpyoulastnight,butyoudidn’tcome.昨天晚上我能幫你，而你又沒來。Canyouseeitthere?你能看見它在那兒?jiǎn)?Heis/was/willbeabletohelpyou.他能幫你的忙。新概念英語第二冊(cè)課件Lesson532.beableto強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力而獲得的能力，而can則強(qiáng)調(diào)自身已具有的能力。ShecansingthesonginEnglish.她能用英語唱這首歌。HewillbeabletosingthissonginEnglishaftertraining,too.幾小時(shí)之后，他也能用英語唱這首歌。3.beableto強(qiáng)調(diào)一種結(jié)果，而can只強(qiáng)調(diào)一種可能。Luckily,hewasabletoescapefromthefireintheend.幸運(yùn)的是，他終于逃出了大火。Ifhegothereafewhoursearlier,Icouldsavehim.要是他早幾小時(shí)來，我還能救他。4.can可用于表示可能性，推測(cè)，允許等情況，而beableto通常不這樣用。新概念英語第二冊(cè)課件Lesson53They

werealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnot

startthefire.besureof/that對(duì)……很有把握Iamsurethathewillcomebacksoon.startafire＝causeafirestartvt.使……發(fā)生，引起start作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以表示“使……發(fā)生”、“引起”。TheywerealsoquitesurethatThismorning,however,afiremenaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.注意however可以放在句首、句中和句末在句首時(shí)，后面要用逗號(hào)隔開;在句中時(shí)，前后都要用逗號(hào)隔開;在句末時(shí)，前面要用逗號(hào)隔開。discover本身含有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)(某個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的東西)的含義Idon'tknowwhodiscoveredAmerica.我不知道誰發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲的。在discover前面加上accidentally更加強(qiáng)了“偶然”、“意外”的含義Thismorning,however,afiremHenoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.theremains表示“尸體，殘骸”，用復(fù)數(shù)形式windvt.vt.纏繞，卷在……上（常與around/round連用）蛇那時(shí)把身子纏在樹上。Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthetree.白云在山間繚繞。Cloudswindmountains.HenoticedtheremainsofasnShewoundherinjuredlegwithabandage.她用繃帶纏繞住她受傷的腿。vt.蜿蜒windone'swayThestreamwindsitswaytotheriver.小溪蜿蜒著流入河中。wire指具體的電線、鐵絲等，line在這里指“線路”，含義比wire廣ShewoundherinjuredlegwithInthisway,hisway就這樣Theexplanationwassimplebutveryunusual.Abirdhadsnatchedupthesnakefromthegroundandthendroppeditontothewires.simple與easy的區(qū)別：simple側(cè)重事情顯而易見，不難懂;而easy側(cè)重事情的難度小，容易做snatchedupsthfromtheground從地上抓起來dropvt&vi.無意掉下去的,使落下,使掉落茶壺從她手里掉了出來。Theteapotdroppedoutofherhand。Inthisway,hewasabletosoWhenitdidso,itsentsparksdowntothegroundandtheseimmediatelystartedafire.doso這么做Irefusetodoso.我拒絕這么做so常用于一些動(dòng)詞之后，代指前面提過的某個(gè)動(dòng)作/某件事，以免重復(fù)我也這樣認(rèn)為。Ithink/believeso.startafire=causeafire引起一場(chǎng)大火Whenitdidso,itsentsparksGrammarPart3GrammarPart3構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have(has)done1.表示曾經(jīng)做過某事或已經(jīng)做過某事，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果2.從過去開始的動(dòng)作,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在1.already,yet,never,ever,just2.for,since現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have(has)done1.表示曾經(jīng)IhavelearnedEnglish.肯定句否定句一般疑問句回答特殊疑問句IhavenotlearnedEnglish.HaveyoulearnedEnglish?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.Whathaveyoulearned?HehaslearnedEnglish.HehasnotlearnedEnglish.HashelearnedEnglish?Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.Whathashelearned?IhavelearnedEnglish.肯定句否定句一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過去發(fā)生;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。注意：在出現(xiàn)了yesterday,justnow,…ago,lastweek,in1980等時(shí)間狀語的句子里，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同。變化規(guī)則：(1)一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“-ed”。（過去分詞并不是過去式）work---worked---worked

visit---visited---visited(2)以不發(fā)音的“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”。live---lived---lived(3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將"y"變?yōu)?i"，再加“-ed”。study—studied—studied

cry—cried—cried

try—tried—tried

fry—fried—fried(4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母（r、y、x除外），先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“-ed”。stop—stopped—stopped

drop—dropped—dropped規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同不規(guī)則詞AAA型即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同（9個(gè)）cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—read(read的原形和過去式、過去分詞讀音不同)set-set-setshut-shut-shutAAA型ABB型過去式、過去分詞相同。（共42個(gè)）1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。（4個(gè)）bring—brought—broughtbuy—bought—boughtthink—thought—thoughtfight—fought—fought2.詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個(gè)）build—built—builtlend—lent—lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent—spent3.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。（2個(gè)）catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taughtABB型4.把-eep、-eel變?yōu)?ept、-elt。（4個(gè)）keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep—swept—sweptfeel—felt—felt5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。（2個(gè)）tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold6.把-ell、-ill變?yōu)?elt或-ilt。（3個(gè)）smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltspill—spilt—spilt4.把-eep、-eel變?yōu)?ept、-elt。（4個(gè)）7.把-eed、-ead、-eet變?yōu)?ed或-et。（4個(gè)）feed—fed—fedlead—led—ledspeed—sped—spedmeet—met—met8.過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。（6個(gè)）learn—learnt—learntmean—meant—meantspoil—spoilt—spoiltburn—burnt—burntdream—dreamt—dreamtdeal—dealt—dealt9.過去式、過去分詞詞尾去y變-id（4個(gè)）say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard7.把-eed、-ead、-eet變?yōu)?ed或-et。（4be(am,is,are)(是）

was,were

beenbegin（開始）

began

begundrink（喝）

drank

drunkring（鈴響）

rang

rungsing（唱）

sang

sungswim（游泳）

swam

swumblow（吹）

blew

blowndraw（畫）

drew

drawnfly（飛）

flew

flowngrow（生長(zhǎng)）

grew

grownknow（知道）

knew

knownthrow（投擲）

threw

thrownshow（出示）

showed

shownbreak（打破）

broke

brokenchoose（選擇）

chose

chosenforget（忘記）

forgot

forgottenspeak（說，講）

spoke

spokenwake（醒）

woke

wokenbe(am,is,are)(是） was,were bedrive（駕駛）

drove

driveneat（吃）

ate

eatenfall（落下）

fell

fallengive（給）

gave

givenrise（升高）

rose

risentake（?。?/p>

took

takenride（騎）

rode

riddenwrite（寫）

wrote

writtendo（做）

did

donego（去）

went

gonelie（平躺）

lay

lainsee（看見）

saw

seenwear（穿）

wore

worncost（花費(fèi)）

cost

costcut（割）

cut

cuthit（打）

hit

hithurt（傷害）

hurt

hurtlet（讓）

let

letput（放）

put

putread（讀）

read

readdrive（駕駛） drove driven課文Part4課文Part4AtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.Sincethen,theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan.Forestfireareoftencausedbybrokenglassorbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.Yesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindanybrokenglass.Theywerealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnotstartthefire.Thismorning,however,afiremanaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.AtlastfiremenhaveputoutaHenoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.Inthisway,hewasabletosolvethemystery.Theexplanationwassimplebutveryunusual.Abirdhadsnatchedupthesnakefromthegroundandthendroppeditontothewires.Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthewires.Whenitdidso,itsentsparksdowntothegroundandtheseimmediatelystartedafire.HenoticedtheremainsofasnWhatareforestfireoftencausedby?Whatledthefiremantodiscoverthecauseoffire?Whatwastheexplanation?WhatareforestfireoftencauTHANKSTHANKSLesson53JessieLesson53JessieWarmupReviewNewwordsGrammarTextWarmupReviewNewwordsGrammarT復(fù)習(xí)Part1復(fù)習(xí)Part1單詞Part2單詞Part2hot fireman cause examine accidentally remains windwire volt powerline solve mystery snatch sparkadj.帶電的，通電的n.消防隊(duì)員v.引起；n.原因v.檢查adv.意外地，偶然地n.尸體，殘骸v.纏繞n.電線n.伏特（電壓?jiǎn)挝唬╇娏€v.解決n.謎v.抓住n.電火花hot adj.帶電的，通電的hot adj.1）熱的，炎熱的Strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵。hot炎熱的warm溫暖的

cool涼爽的chilly寒冷的

cold寒冷的,嚴(yán)寒的2）調(diào)味品辣的辣椒是辣的.Pepperishot.hot adj.hot adj.3）強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的,熱烈的.haveahottemper脾氣暴躁4）帶電的ahotwire高壓電線hot adj.firemann.消防隊(duì)員hydrant[`haidr?nt]n.消防栓fireextinguisher滅火器

extinguish[ik`sti?gwi?]＝putout滅火firemanfireextinguishercause1）v.引起causesth 引起（麻煩）粗心導(dǎo)致事故。Carelessnesscausesaccidents.驕傲使人失敗。Pridecausesfailure.2）n.原因

Thecauseofsth……的起因Thereasonforsth……的理由causeThecauseofsthTheexamine1）v.仔細(xì)觀察,檢查,調(diào)查消防隊(duì)員檢查了森林的每一寸土地。Thefirefightersexaminedeveryinchoftheforest.2）v.診查醫(yī)生仔細(xì)的診察了病人。Thedoctorexaminedhispatientcarefully.3）v.考試,測(cè)試examinestudentsinEnglishn.exam考試=examinationexamineaccidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地adj.accidental意外的,偶然的

accident n.事故,意外車禍acaraccident偶然bychance=byaccident我偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)了金礦。Ifoundagoldminebyaccident.accidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地remains1）n.剩余物,殘余物

殘湯剩飯theremainsofameal2）n.(古建筑等物)遺址,廢墟

圓明園遺址theremainsofYuanmingyuan3）n.遺體,遺骸

毛主席的遺體theremainsofChairmanMaoremainswiren.金屬線，電線

telephonewires電話線electricwires電線wirelessadj.無線的

voltn.伏特voltagen.電壓,伏特?cái)?shù)wirepower1）電力，動(dòng)力

electricpower電力2）權(quán)力,支配力,勢(shì)力

politicalpower政治權(quán)力beyondone’spower力所不能及我無法回答這個(gè)問題。Itisbeyondmypowertoanswerthisquestion.powersolvev.解決,解答,回答

=workout解決問題solveaproblemn.solution解決,解答花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才找出解決方法。Ittookalongtimetofindthesolution.solvev.解決,解答,回答snatchv.搶,奪,掠取

賊把她的包搶走逃跑了。Thethiefsnatchedherbagandranaway.snatchAtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.atlast最后，終于（表示經(jīng)過一番努力之后。)他們終于翻過了這座大山。Atlasttheyclimbedoverthemountain．Atlastfiremenhaveputoutaputout1.把什么伸出去Thedoglikestoputitsheadoutthewindow.這只狗喜歡把頭伸到窗外面。2.熄滅Putoutthefire,beforeitgetsoutofcontrol.現(xiàn)在就把火熄滅，在它失控之前。3.出版Themagazinewasputoutlastmonth.這本雜志是上個(gè)月被出版的。4.關(guān)掉Pleaseputthelightout.請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉。putoutSincethen,theyhavebeentryingto

findouthowthefirebegan.sincethen從那時(shí)起，到現(xiàn)在為止findout表示經(jīng)過研究、努力等“發(fā)現(xiàn)”、“找出”、“查出”I'lltrytofindoutthenameofthepersonwhosavedmylife.我將設(shè)法查出救我命的那個(gè)人的姓名。howthefirebegan是findout的賓語，它是一個(gè)由疑問詞how引導(dǎo)的名詞從句Sincethen,theyhavebeentryForestfiresareoftencausedby

brokenglassorby

cigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.cigaretteends煙頭1)本句話采用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，是因?yàn)樵陉U述客觀事實(shí)2)which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞brokenglass和cigarette3)carelessly馬虎地、不小心地;反義詞carefully4)throwaway丟棄、丟掉ForestfiresareoftencausedYesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindany

brokenglass.beableto能夠；benotableto沒有能夠beableto&can1.beableto可以有各種時(shí)態(tài)，而can只有一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。Icouldhelpyoulastnight,butyoudidn’tcome.昨天晚上我能幫你，而你又沒來。Canyouseeitthere?你能看見它在那兒?jiǎn)?Heis/was/willbeabletohelpyou.他能幫你的忙。新概念英語第二冊(cè)課件Lesson532.beableto強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力而獲得的能力，而can則強(qiáng)調(diào)自身已具有的能力。ShecansingthesonginEnglish.她能用英語唱這首歌。HewillbeabletosingthissonginEnglishaftertraining,too.幾小時(shí)之后，他也能用英語唱這首歌。3.beableto強(qiáng)調(diào)一種結(jié)果，而can只強(qiáng)調(diào)一種可能。Luckily,hewasabletoescapefromthefireintheend.幸運(yùn)的是，他終于逃出了大火。Ifhegothereafewhoursearlier,Icouldsavehim.要是他早幾小時(shí)來，我還能救他。4.can可用于表示可能性，推測(cè)，允許等情況，而beableto通常不這樣用。新概念英語第二冊(cè)課件Lesson53They

werealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnot

startthefire.besureof/that對(duì)……很有把握Iamsurethathewillcomebacksoon.startafire＝causeafirestartvt.使……發(fā)生，引起start作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以表示“使……發(fā)生”、“引起”。TheywerealsoquitesurethatThismorning,however,afiremenaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.注意however可以放在句首、句中和句末在句首時(shí)，后面要用逗號(hào)隔開;在句中時(shí)，前后都要用逗號(hào)隔開;在句末時(shí)，前面要用逗號(hào)隔開。discover本身含有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)(某個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的東西)的含義Idon'tknowwhodiscoveredAmerica.我不知道誰發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲的。在discover前面加上accidentally更加強(qiáng)了“偶然”、“意外”的含義Thismorning,however,afiremHenoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.theremains表示“尸體，殘骸”，用復(fù)數(shù)形式windvt.vt.纏繞，卷在……上（常與around/round連用）蛇那時(shí)把身子纏在樹上。Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthetree.白云在山間繚繞。Cloudswindmountains.HenoticedtheremainsofasnShewoundherinjuredlegwithabandage.她用繃帶纏繞住她受傷的腿。vt.蜿蜒windone'swayThestreamwindsitswaytotheriver.小溪蜿蜒著流入河中。wire指具體的電線、鐵絲等，line在這里指“線路”，含義比wire廣ShewoundherinjuredlegwithInthisway,hisway就這樣Theexplanationwassimplebutveryunusual.Abirdhadsnatchedupthesnakefromthegroundandthendroppeditontothewires.simple與easy的區(qū)別：simple側(cè)重事情顯而易見，不難懂;而easy側(cè)重事情的難度小，容易做snatchedupsthfromtheground從地上抓起來dropvt&vi.無意掉下去的,使落下,使掉落茶壺從她手里掉了出來。Theteapotdroppedoutofherhand。Inthisway,hewasabletosoWhenitdidso,itsentsparksdowntothegroundandtheseimmediatelystartedafire.doso這么做Irefusetodoso.我拒絕這么做so常用于一些動(dòng)詞之后，代指前面提過的某個(gè)動(dòng)作/某件事，以免重復(fù)我也這樣認(rèn)為。Ithink/believeso.startafire=causeafire引起一場(chǎng)大火Whenitdidso,itsentsparksGrammarPart3GrammarPart3構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have(has)done1.表示曾經(jīng)做過某事或已經(jīng)做過某事，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果2.從過去開始的動(dòng)作,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在1.already,yet,never,ever,just2.for,since現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成用法常用狀語have(has)done1.表示曾經(jīng)IhavelearnedEnglish.肯定句否定句一般疑問句回答特殊疑問句IhavenotlearnedEnglish.HaveyoulearnedEnglish?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.Whathaveyoulearned?HehaslearnedEnglish.HehasnotlearnedEnglish.HashelearnedEnglish?Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.Whathashelearned?IhavelearnedEnglish.肯定句否定句一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過去發(fā)生;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。注意：在出現(xiàn)了yesterday,justnow,…ago,lastweek,in1980等時(shí)間狀語的句子里，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同。變化規(guī)則：(1)一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“-ed”。（過去分詞并不是過去式）work---worked---worked

visit---visited---visited(2)以不發(fā)音的“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”。live---lived---lived(3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將"y"變?yōu)?i"，再加“-ed”。study—studied—studied

cry—cried—cried

try—tried—tried

fry—fried—fried(4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母（r、y、x除外），先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“-ed”。stop—stopped—stopped

drop—dropped—dropped規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同不規(guī)則詞AAA型即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同（9個(gè)）cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—read(read的原形和過去式、過去分詞讀音不同)set-set-setshut-shut-shutAAA型ABB型過去式、過去分詞相同。（共42個(gè)）1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。（4個(gè)）bring—brought—broughtbuy—bought—boughtthink—thought—thoughtfight—fought—fought2.詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個(gè)）build—built—builtlend—lent—lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent—spent3.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。（2個(gè)）catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taughtABB型4.把-eep、-eel變?yōu)?ept、-elt。（4個(gè)）keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep—swept—sweptfeel—felt—felt5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。（2個(gè)）tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold6.把-ell、-ill變?yōu)?elt或-ilt。（3個(gè)）smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltspill—spilt—spilt4.把-eep、-eel變?yōu)?ept、-elt。（4個(gè)）7.把-eed、-ead、-eet變?yōu)?ed或-et。（4個(gè)）feed—fed—fedlead—led—ledspeed—sped—spedmeet—met—met8.過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。（6個(gè)）learn—learnt—learntmean—meant—meantspoil—spoilt—spoiltburn—burnt—burntdream—dreamt—dreamtdeal—dealt—dealt9.過去式、過去分詞詞尾去y變-id（4個(gè)）say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard7.把-eed、-ead、-eet變?yōu)?ed或-et。（4be(am,is,are)(是）

was,were

beenbegin（開始）

began

begundrink（喝）

drank

drunkring（鈴響）

rang

rungsing（唱）

sang

sungswim（游泳）

swam

swumblow（吹）

blew

blowndraw